CN109900735B - Optimize gas heating device of schreyerite reflow dripping test - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a die gas heating device. The device comprises a heating pipeline, a heating element, a temperature control element, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a temperature measuring element; the heating element is fully covered on the outer side wall surface of the heating pipeline, and the temperature measuring element comprises a first temperature measuring element and a second temperature measuring element; the front end and the rear end of the heating pipeline are respectively communicated with the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, and a flame retardant device is further arranged at the connecting position of the heating pipeline and the air outlet pipe; the temperature sensing end of the first temperature measuring element is contacted with the heating pipeline; the temperature sensing end of the second temperature measuring element is contacted with the air outlet pipe; the temperature control element is electrically connected with the heating element. The method greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of relevant experimental results of blast furnace iron making, can controllably simulate the components and the temperature of various reductive waste gases, and meets various basic experimental requirements of resource comprehensive utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a gas heating device for optimizing a vanadium-titanium ore reflow dripping test.
Background
About 70% of the production total energy produced in the production process of iron and steel enterprises using coal as main energy can be converted into secondary energy, and about 30% of the secondary energy is still not fully recycled. At present, the sensible heat recovery rate of the product is 50.4%, the sensible heat recovery rate of flue gas is 14.92%, the sensible heat recovery rate of cooling water is 1.9%, the sensible heat recovery rate of slag is 1.59%, and the waste heat recovery rate of the iron and steel industry is 25.8% (wherein, the high-temperature waste heat recovery rate is 44.4%, the medium-temperature waste heat recovery rate is 30.2%, and the low-temperature waste heat recovery rate is 1%).
The byproduct gas produced in the production process of iron and steel enterprises is produced in most enterprisesThe proportion of the total energy consumption of the enterprises is up to 30%, and even more than 40% of some enterprises. The concentration and the heat value of the components CO of the steelmaking byproduct gas are high, but the diffusion rate is also high, the value caused by physical heat and chemical latent heat is greatly lost every year, and the value of the diffused furnace gas needs to be recycled. For the current iron ore soft melting and dropping characteristic test, the commonly used reducing atmosphere has the compositions of CO (30%) and N2(70%) mixed atmosphere at normal temperature or 900 deg.C, and actual blast furnace reducing atmosphere (CO + CO)2+N2) And the temperature of the blast tuyere is 1100 ℃, has a larger difference, and has great influence on the repeatability of the actual production condition of the blast furnace reflow dripping of the schreyerite and the reliability and the accuracy of the experimental result.
In addition, a large amount of byproduct diffused gas (the temperature is 1600 ℃ C., the component structure is CO + CO) is generated in the production process of iron and steel enterprises2+N2) The value caused by physical heat and chemical latent heat is greatly lost every year, and the value of the diffused furnace gas needs to be recycled.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of results of blast furnace iron-making related experiments (sintering, reflow dripping characteristic test, iron ore reduction and the like), the invention provides a gas heating device for optimizing a vanadium-titanium ore reflow dripping test, which is used for improving the gas injection temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove and the like.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
the invention provides a gas heating device for optimizing a vanadium-titanium ore reflow dripping test, which comprises a heating pipeline, a heating element, a temperature control element, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a temperature measuring element, wherein the heating pipeline is connected with the heating element;
the temperature measuring element comprises a first temperature measuring element and a second temperature measuring element;
the front end and the rear end of the heating pipeline are respectively communicated with the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, and a flame retardant device is further arranged at the connecting position of the heating pipeline and the air outlet pipe;
the heating element pipeline adopts a corundum pipe, a plurality of corundum pipes with equal inner diameters are sleeved in the corundum pipe, gas enters the heating pipeline from the gas inlet pipe and is dispersed in the corundum pipes with the equal inner diameters, and the service temperature of the heating pipeline is 1200 plus 1800 ℃;
the heating elements are covered on the outer side wall surface of the heating pipeline, and gaps exist between the adjacent heating elements;
the temperature sensing end of the first temperature measuring element is contacted with the heating pipeline;
the temperature sensing end of the second temperature measuring element is contacted with the air outlet pipe;
the temperature control element is electrically connected with the heating pipeline element and controls the heating element to heat the heating pipeline.
According to the invention, a system frame is arranged outside the heating pipeline, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe extend out of the system frame, the system frame is made of stainless steel plate materials, and the structural size is 0.3-0.5 m3。
According to the invention, the heating circuit is placed in a central position of the system frame.
According to the invention, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are both pagoda-shaped pipe joints with the caliber of 6 mm.
According to the invention, the heating element is a silicon-molybdenum rod, and the heating temperature of the heating element is 1600-1700 ℃.
According to the invention, the first temperature measuring element is a B-type armored platinum-rhodium thermocouple, and the temperature measuring range is 1300-1800 ℃.
According to the invention, the outer walls of the heating pipeline and the air outlet pipe are respectively provided with an insulation element, the insulation elements are used for insulating the gas entering the heating pipeline and the air outlet pipe, and the insulation elements comprise alumina, magnesia and silicon carbide refractory bricks.
According to the invention, the sealing material is filled between the outer wall of the heating pipeline and the system frame, the sealing material is high-temperature ceramic glue, the heating pipeline is fixed in the system frame by the sealing material, and gas in the heating pipeline is prevented from leaking.
According to the invention, the device adopts low-voltage power distribution, and laboratory power AC380V is not lower than 8 KW.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method of the invention has the following advantages:
1) the equipment is simple and easy to operate, and is easy to carry and overhaul;
2) the safety is high, and the related materials and the electricity meet the requirements of high-temperature strength and safety;
3) the heating rate is high, the synchronization rate of the gas heating temperature and the preset temperature is high, and the temperature control precision is high;
4) the gas mixture can be heated, especially the gas mixture with CO, the sealing performance is good, and the actual experimental situation is more approximate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas heating device for optimizing the vanadium-titanium ore reflow dripping test in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the experiment of the vanadium-titanium ore reflow dripping performance test of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the heating circuit structure of the present invention.
[ description of reference ]
11: a first temperature measuring element; 12: a second temperature measuring element; 2: an air inlet pipe; 3: a temperature control element; 4: a heating element; 5: heating the pipeline; 6: a flame arrester; 7: a sealing material; 8: a heat-insulating element; 9: an air outlet pipe; 01: and (4) a system framework.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a gas heating device for simulating steelmaking waste gas and optimizing a vanadium-titanium ore reflow drop test, as shown in figure 1, the gas heating device is provided with a system frame 01, the whole shell of the system frame 01 is made of stainless steel sheet material and mainly used for carrying out integral integrated layout design on the whole heating device and carrying out integral integrated layout design on all elements in the deviceFor supporting and controlling, in this embodiment, the size of the system frame 01 is designed to be 0.3-0.5 m according to the laboratory air flow requirement3。
Whole heating device low voltage distribution, laboratory power AC380V is not less than 8KW, including power control, warning and protection component and temperature control element 3 in the device, what temperature control element 3 adopted is the silicon controlled rectifier that multistage intensification able to programme, and the advantage of silicon controlled rectifier is many, for example: the high power is controlled by small power, and the power amplification factor is as high as hundreds of thousands of times; the reaction is very fast, and the switch-on and switch-off are carried out within microsecond level; the device operates without contact, and has no spark and noise; high efficiency, low cost and the like.
The heating pipeline 5 is placed at the central position of the whole system frame 01, the front end and the rear end of the heating pipeline 5 are connected with metal connecting pieces, namely an air inlet pipe 2 and an air outlet pipe 9 respectively, and the air inlet pipe 2 and the air outlet pipe 8 extend out of the system frame 01, wherein the metal connecting pieces are high-temperature resistant pagoda type pipe joints with the caliber of 6mm, the heating pipeline 5 is a corundum pipe, a plurality of corundum pipes with equal inner diameters are further arranged in the corundum pipe, the specific structure is shown in figure 3, gas enters the heating pipeline 5 from the air inlet pipe 2 and is dispersed into the corundum pipes with the equal inner diameters, the gas temperature can be effectively increased, the product service temperature is 1200 and 1800 ℃, the heating pipeline has the characteristics of high density, good thermal shock resistance, acid and alkali resistance, scouring resistance, long service life and the like, a flame arrester 6 is further arranged at the connecting position of the air outlet interface 9 and the heating pipeline 5, and the gas can be thermally expanded when being contracted and, and the gas flow velocity is accelerated, which may cause sudden increase of pipeline pressure and further damage to the pipeline, and the setting of the flame arrester 6 can protect the gas outlet pipe 9.
The heating element 4 is covered and placed on the outer wall surface of the heating pipeline 5, the heating element 4 is used for heating the heating pipeline 5, in the embodiment, the heating element 4 is a silicon-molybdenum rod, the silicon-molybdenum rod is a high-temperature-resistant and oxidation-resistant resistance heating element which is made on the basis of molybdenum disilicide, when the heating element is used in a high-temperature oxidation atmosphere, a bright and compact quartz glass film can be generated on the surface of the heating element, and the inner layer of the silicon-molybdenum rod is protected from being oxidized any more.
Under the oxidizing atmosphere, the maximum service temperature of the silicon-molybdenum rod is 1800 ℃, the resistance of the silicon-molybdenum rod is rapidly increased along with the temperature rise, and the resistance value is stable when the temperature is not changed.
The temperature control element 3 is connected with the silicon-molybdenum rod to control the heating of the silicon-molybdenum rod, the silicon-molybdenum rod heats the heating pipeline 5,
the heating device is also provided with a plurality of temperature measuring elements, wherein a first temperature measuring element 11 is vertically arranged relative to the heating pipeline 5 and is in contact with the heating pipeline 5 to measure the temperature of the heating pipeline 5, the first temperature measuring element is a B-type armored platinum-rhodium thermocouple, and the temperature measuring range is 1300-1800 ℃; the second temperature measuring element 12 is in contact with the air outlet 9 to measure the temperature of the air outlet 9.
The thermocouple is a commonly used temperature measuring element in a temperature measuring instrument, directly measures temperature, converts a temperature signal into a thermal electromotive force signal, and converts the thermal electromotive force signal into the temperature of a measured medium through an electric instrument.
In the heating device, a heat preservation element 8 is arranged in a system frame 01, the heat preservation element 8 is mainly used for preserving heat of gas entering a heating pipeline 5 and a gas outlet pipe 9, in the embodiment, refractory bricks of alumina, magnesia and silicon carbide are used as main heat preservation materials, the refractory bricks are mainly poured outside a heating rod 5, outside a gas outlet pipeline and at the outer edge of a temperature measuring element 1 by high-alumina fibers, in the heating device, a sealing material 7 is filled between the outer wall of the heating pipeline 5 and the system frame 01, the sealing material 7 is high-temperature ceramic glue, the heating pipeline 5 is fixed in the system frame by means of the sealing material 7, and gas leakage in the heating pipeline 5 is prevented. The whole gas heating device for optimizing the vanadium-titanium ore reflow dripping test can controllably heat gas with the flow rate of 2L/min-18L/min to 1500-1600 ℃, and the control precision is within +/-5 ℃.
As shown in fig. 2, the test steps of specifically optimizing the vanadium-titanium ore reflow dripping test device are as follows:
s1, preparing raw materials: 500g of high-chromium full vanadium titanium pellet ore, 100g of high-quality metallurgical coke and high-purity gases of CO and CO are prepared2And N2；
S2, filling raw materials: adding the raw materials into a graphite crucible of a reflow dripping testing device in a layered feeding mode of 50g of coke, 500g of pellet and 50g of coke, and then dropping a load and a pressure head of a pressure rod to compact and fix a material layer;
s3, setting a temperature rising system: the components of the converter diffused furnace gas are set to be required proportion through a control cabinet, a gas heating device is arranged through a programmable multi-section temperature-rising silicon controlled temperature control instrument and is heated to 900-1100 ℃, a molten drop experimental furnace is arranged through the control cabinet, the temperature is firstly raised to 900 ℃ at the temperature-rising rate of 10 ℃/min, then is firstly raised to 1100 ℃ at the temperature-rising rate of 15 ℃/min, and is then raised to 1580 ℃ at the temperature-rising rate of 5 ℃/min, and the temperature is preserved for 30 min;
s4, reduction reaction: when the temperature of the reaction furnace reaches 500 ℃, the mass flow meter is started, reducing gas is heated and then is introduced into the furnace to start reaction, the gas flow is continuously introduced at a fixed speed of 5L/min until the reaction is finished, and the reaction furnace is switched to pure N2The protective gas cools the furnace body;
s5, product and data analysis: according to the molten drop performance curve drawn by the computer and the stored data, the softening starting temperature, the melting temperature, the dropping temperature, the softening interval, the maximum pressure difference and other data of the pellet can be obtained, so that the quality of the metallurgical performance can be judged.
The present invention will be further described and supplemented by reference to specific embodiments.
In this embodiment, the vanadium titano-magnetite is a high-chromium vanadium titano-magnetite, and the TFe content is 50-55% by mass, the FeO content is 23-27% by mass, and the TiO is210-12% of Cr2O3Content of 0.7% -1.0%, V2O50.8-1.2 percent of MgO, 0.8-1.0 percent of CaO, 0.8-1.0 percent of SiO2The content is 4-5%.
Example 1
1. Preparing raw materials: 500g of high-chromium all vanadium titanium pellet ore, 100g of high-quality metallurgical coke and simulated converter gas (CO 30%, CO)220％，N250％)；
2. Filling raw materials: placing 50g of coke on the bottom layer of a graphite crucible, then adding 500g of all-vanadium-titanium pellet ore, then adding 50g of coke, and fixing the graphite crucible filled with raw materials in a molten drop experimental furnace;
3. setting a temperature rising system: heating the furnace gas emitted by the converter to 900-1100 ℃ through a gas heating device, heating the molten drop experimental furnace to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, heating to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 15 ℃/min, heating to 1580 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
4. reduction reaction: when the temperature of the reaction furnace reaches 500 ℃, the mass flow meter is started, reducing gas is introduced into the furnace to start reaction, the gas flow is continuously introduced at a fixed speed of 5L/min until the reaction is finished, and the pure N is switched2The protective gas cools the furnace body;
5. product and data analysis: according to the melt drop performance curve drawn by the computer and the stored data, the average softening starting temperature of the pellet is 1130 ℃, the average melting temperature is 1280 ℃, the average dropping temperature is 1490 ℃, the average softening interval is 140 ℃, the softening temperature is high, the softening interval is narrow, and the metallurgical performance is better.
Example 2
1. Preparing raw materials: 500g of high-chromium all vanadium titanium pellet ore, 100g of high-quality metallurgical coke and simulated converter gas (CO 30%, CO)225％，N245％)；
2. Filling raw materials: placing 50g of coke on the bottom layer of a graphite crucible, then adding 500g of all-vanadium-titanium pellet ore, then adding 50g of coke, and fixing the graphite crucible filled with raw materials in a molten drop experimental furnace;
3. setting a temperature rising system: heating the furnace gas emitted by the converter to 900-1100 ℃ through a gas heating device, heating the molten drop experimental furnace to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, heating to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 15 ℃/min, heating to 1580 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
4. reduction reaction: when the temperature of the reaction furnace reaches 500 ℃, the mass flow meter is started, reducing gas is introduced into the furnace to start reaction, the gas flow is continuously introduced at a fixed speed of 5L/min until the reaction is finished, and the pure N is switched2The protective gas cools the furnace body;
5. product and data analysis: according to the melt drop performance curve drawn by the computer and the stored data, the softening starting temperature of the pellet ore is 1128 ℃ averagely, the melting temperature is 1268 ℃ averagely, the dropping temperature is 1470 ℃ averagely, the softening interval is 130 ℃ averagely, the softening temperature is high, the softening interval is narrow, and the metallurgical performance is better.
Example 3
1. Preparing raw materials: 500g of high-chromium all vanadium titanium pellet ore, 100g of high-quality metallurgical coke and simulated converter gas (CO 30%, CO)230％，N240％)；
2. Filling raw materials: placing 50g of coke on the bottom layer of a graphite crucible, then adding 500g of all-vanadium-titanium pellet ore, then adding 50g of coke, and fixing the graphite crucible filled with raw materials in a molten drop experimental furnace;
3. setting a temperature rising system: heating the furnace gas emitted by the converter to 900-1100 ℃ through a gas heating device, heating the molten drop experimental furnace to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, heating to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 15 ℃/min, heating to 1580 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
4. reduction reaction: when the temperature of the reaction furnace reaches 500 ℃, the mass flow meter is started, reducing gas is introduced into the furnace to start reaction, the gas flow is continuously introduced at a fixed speed of 5L/min until the reaction is finished, and the pure N is switched2The protective gas cools the furnace body;
5. product and data analysis: according to the melt drop performance curve drawn by the computer and the stored data, the average softening starting temperature of the pellet ore is 1137 ℃, the average melting temperature is 1300 ℃, the average dropping temperature is 1510 ℃, the average softening interval is 160 ℃, the softening temperature is high, the softening interval is narrow, and the metallurgical performance is better.
Comparative example 1
1. Preparing raw materials: 500g of high-chromium all vanadium titanium pellet ore, 100g of high-quality metallurgical coke and a standard reducing atmosphere (CO 30%, N)270％)；
2. Filling raw materials: placing 50g of coke on the bottom layer of a graphite crucible, then adding 500g of all-vanadium-titanium pellet ore, then adding 50g of coke, and fixing the graphite crucible filled with raw materials in a molten drop experimental furnace;
3. setting a temperature rising system: heating a molten drop experimental furnace to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, heating to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 15 ℃/min, heating to 1580 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
4. reduction reaction: when the temperature of the reaction furnace reaches 500 ℃, the mass flow meter is started, reducing gas is introduced into the furnace to start reaction, the gas flow is continuously introduced at a fixed speed of 5L/min until the reaction is finished, and the pure N is switched2The protective gas cools the furnace body;
5. product and data analysis: according to the molten drop performance curve drawn by the computer and the stored data, the average softening starting temperature of the pellet is 1130 ℃, the average melting temperature is 1270 ℃, the average dropping temperature is 1540 ℃, the average softening interval is 200 ℃, the softening temperature is high, the softening interval is wider, and the metallurgical performance is poorer.
The heating device for optimizing the vanadium-titanium ore reflow dripping test has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in operation, easiness in carrying and maintenance, high safety, high-temperature strength and safety of related materials and electricity, high gas heating rate, high gas heating temperature and preset temperature synchronization rate and high temperature control precision.
The gas heating device can heat the mixed gas, particularly the mixed gas with CO, has good sealing performance, is closer to the actual experimental situation, greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of the results of the blast furnace iron-making related experiments (such as sintering, soft-melting dripping characteristic test, iron ore reduction and the like), controllably simulates the components and the temperatures of various reductive waste gases such as blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, converter gas and the like, and meets various basic experimental requirements of resource comprehensive utilization.
It should be understood that the above description of specific embodiments of the present invention is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical lines and features of the present invention, and is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. It is intended that all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an optimize gas heating device of schreyerite reflow dripping test which characterized in that:
the device comprises a heating pipeline (5), a heating element (4), a temperature control element (3), an air inlet pipe (2), an air outlet pipe (9) and a temperature measuring element;
the temperature measuring element comprises a first temperature measuring element (11) and a second temperature measuring element (12);
the front end and the rear end of the heating pipeline (5) are respectively communicated with the air inlet pipe (2) and the air outlet pipe (9), and a flame retardant device (6) is further arranged at the connecting position of the heating pipeline (5) and the air outlet pipe (9);
the heating pipeline (5) adopts corundum pipes, a plurality of corundum pipes with equal inner diameters are sleeved in the corundum pipes, gas enters the heating pipeline (5) from the gas inlet pipe (2) and is dispersed in the corundum pipes with the equal inner diameters, and the working temperature of the heating pipeline (5) is 1200-1800 ℃;
the heating elements (4) are covered on the outer side wall surface of the heating pipeline (5), and gaps exist between the adjacent heating elements (4);
the temperature sensing end of the first temperature measuring element (11) is contacted with the heating pipeline (5);
the temperature sensing end of the second temperature measuring element (12) is contacted with the air outlet pipe (9);
the temperature control element (3) is electrically connected with the heating element (4) and controls the heating element (4) to heat the heating pipeline (5).
2. The gas heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the system frame (01) is arranged outside the heating pipeline (5), the air inlet pipe (2) and the air outlet pipe (9) extend out of the system frame (01), the system frame (01) is made of stainless steel plate materials, and the structural size is 0.3-0.5 m3。
3. The gas heating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
the heating pipeline (5) is placed in the center of the system frame (01).
4. A gas heating apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the air inlet pipe (2) and the air outlet pipe (9) are both high-temperature-resistant pagoda-shaped pipe joints with the caliber of 6 mm.
5. The gas heating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
the heating element (4) is a silicon-molybdenum rod, and the heating temperature of the heating element (4) is 1600-1700 ℃.
6. The gas heating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein:
the first temperature measuring element (11) is a B-type armored platinum-rhodium thermocouple, and the temperature measuring range is 1300-1800 ℃.
7. The gas heating apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the heating pipeline (5) and the outer wall of the air outlet pipe (9) are both provided with heat preservation elements (8), the heat preservation elements (8) preserve heat of gas entering the heating pipeline (5) and the air outlet pipe (9), and the heat preservation elements (8) comprise alumina, magnesia and silicon carbide refractory bricks.
8. The gas heating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:
and a sealing material (7) is filled between the outer wall of the heating pipeline (5) and the system frame (01), the sealing material (7) is high-temperature ceramic glue, the heating pipeline (5) is fixed in the system frame by means of the sealing material (7), and gas in the heating pipeline (5) is prevented from leaking.
9. The gas heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the device adopts low-voltage power distribution, and laboratory power AC380V is not lower than 8 KW.
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| 富氧条件下典型煤焦燃烧特性及燃烧动力学的研究;王悦新;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20150215(第02期);第30页3.2 高温沉降炉实验台简介第1段 * |
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| CN109900735A (en) | 2019-06-18 |
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