CN109899229A - A kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess - Google Patents
A kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess Download PDFInfo
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- CN109899229A CN109899229A CN201910239796.9A CN201910239796A CN109899229A CN 109899229 A CN109899229 A CN 109899229A CN 201910239796 A CN201910239796 A CN 201910239796A CN 109899229 A CN109899229 A CN 109899229A
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002789 length control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess, which is divided into 20 sections along leaf exhibition, totally 21 sections, and: to the 5th section from first section, chord length is gradually increased, and to the 21st section from the 5th section, chord length is gradually reduced；To the 21st section from first section, profile thickness is gradually decreased.Compared with prior art, the present invention has many advantages, such as that power coefficient is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pneumatic equipment bladess, more particularly, to a kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess.
Background technique
Currently, industry generally believes that low wind speed wind-powered electricity generation refers to that annual mean wind speed exists in wind-powered machine unit hub centre-height
Between 5.3m/s-6.5m/s, annual utilization hours are in 2000h wind-powered electricity generation below, frequency of the wind speed between 3-7m/s in one year
It is higher.The development and utilization of current Wind Power Project are mainly directed towards high wind speed wind field, are concentrated mainly on wind energy resources high wind abundant
Fast area, but can to develop area relatively narrow for the wind energies in these areas.With the rapid development of wind-powered electricity generation installation in recent years, high wind speed
The development and utilization of wind field have tended to be saturated.
But the efficiency of existing pneumatic equipment bladess at low wind speeds is not all right.
The key of low wind speed wind resources development and utilization is to research and develop high performance low speed wind machine blade.Low wind speed and wind
Since wind energy concentration is lower, low speed wind machine needs bigger swing flap face compared with high wind speed wind energy conversion system for resource-area
It accumulates with higher tower and obtains enough wind energies.The research and development of low speed wind machine are still in infancy at present, mostly
It is on the basis of original high wind speed wind energy conversion system type, by lengthening blade, increasing the measures such as rotor diameter, increase tower height
To improve.This type improved by way of merely increasing wind wheel and tower height, although can obtain at low wind speeds
Certain wind energy is taken, but power coefficient is lower (generally 4.0~4.5), cannot really meet low wind speed development of resources
Demand.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of low wind speed high-performance
Pneumatic equipment bladess.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess, the pneumatic equipment bladess are divided into 20 sections along leaf exhibition, totally 21 sections, and:
To the 5th section from first section, chord length is gradually increased, to the 21st section, string from the 5th section
Length is gradually reduced；
To the 21st section from first section, profile thickness is gradually decreased.
The distance between each section of section is equal.
In 21 sections, to the 21st section from the 15th section, profile thickness is equal.
The profile thickness that 15th section is risen to the 21st section is the 15% of first section profile thickness.
In 21 sections, first section is risen to the 5th section, and installing torsional angle is 5 °.
The aerofoil profile in 21 sections is arranged and the value of each section chord length and torsional angle are as follows:
| Section number | The high position of leaf (leaf height/radius) | Installation torsional angle/° | Chord length/m | Profile thickness/% |
| 1 | 0 | 12.31 | 2.00 | 100 |
| 2 | 0.05 | 12.31 | 2.034 | 98.2 |
| 3 | 0.1 | 12.31 | 2.795 | 63.5 |
| 4 | 0.15 | 12.31 | 3.5470 | 39.1 |
| 5 | 0.20 | 12.31 | 3.736 | 30.0 |
| 6 | 0.25 | 9.48 | 3.571 | 28.4 |
| 7 | 0.30 | 7.93 | 3.279 | 25.5 |
| 8 | 0.35 | 6.82 | 2.959 | 23.8 |
| 9 | 0.40 | 5.97 | 2.654 | 23.3 |
| 10 | 0.45 | 5.23 | 2.383 | 22.7 |
| 11 | 0.50 | 4.57 | 2.144 | 22.2 |
| 12 | 0.55 | 3.96 | 1.929 | 21.7 |
| 13 | 0.60 | 3.37 | 1.745 | 21.2 |
| 14 | 0.65 | 2.80 | 1.586 | 16.7 |
| 15 | 0.70 | 2.22 | 1.440 | 15.0 |
| 16 | 0.75 | 1.65 | 1.320 | 15.0 |
| 17 | 0.80 | 1.07 | 1.203 | 15.0 |
| 18 | 0.85 | 0.47 | 1.103 | 15.0 |
| 19 | 0.90 | -0.14 | 1.005 | 15.0 |
| 20 | 0.95 | -0.77 | 0.910 | 15.0 |
| 21 | 1 | -1.42 | 0.815 | 15.0 |
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) power coefficient is high: the low speed wind machine blade of the application, and aeroperformance is preferable at low wind speeds for selection
Special Airfoil of Wind Turbine, the reasonable arrangement and the design of each section best chord length and torsional angle opened up by aerofoil profile along leaf so that
Blade has maximum power coefficient 0.518 when tip speed ratio λ is 9.7.
2) applicable annual mean wind speed is lower: the low wind speed blade of the application, annual mean wind speed is not low on hub height
In the wind-resources area of 5.3m/s, rated power operation can be reached.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram in 21 sections；
The speed-changing oar-changing curve graph for the low speed wind machine that Fig. 3 is applicable in for the low wind speed blade of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is genetic algorithm program flow chart used in Blade Optimization Design of the present invention.
The output power for the low speed wind machine that Fig. 5 is applicable in for the low wind speed blade of the present invention and the curve graph of wind speed.
Fig. 6 is the power coefficient and tip-speed ratio curve graph of the low speed wind machine blade of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
A kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the pneumatic equipment bladess are divided into 20 sections along leaf exhibition,
Totally 21 sections, respectively with relative thickness be 30%, 24%, 21%, 18%, 15% totally 5 kinds of Special Airfoil of Wind Turbine to blade
Moulding is carried out, and:
To the 5th section from first section, chord length is gradually increased, to the 21st section, string from the 5th section
Length is gradually reduced；
To the 21st section from first section, profile thickness is gradually decreased.
The distance between each section of section is equal.
In 21 sections, to the 21st section from the 15th section, profile thickness is equal.
The profile thickness that 15th section is risen to the 21st section is the 15% of first section profile thickness.
In 21 sections, first section is risen to the 5th section, and installing torsional angle is 5 °.
The aerofoil profile arrangement in 21 sections and the value of each section chord length and torsional angle are as follows:
Table 1
The blade is suitable for the low velocity wind levels axis wind energy conversion system that rated power is 1MW, which is suitable for operating in wheel hub
Annual mean wind speed is the low wind speed resource-area of 5.2~5.5m/s in height.Low speed wind machine blade of the invention has higher
Aeroperformance, maximal wind-energy usage factor reaches 0.518.Wind energy conversion system uses the power regulation mode of speed-changing oar-changing.
The speed-changing oar-changing curve that wind energy conversion system power regulation is calculated is as shown in Figure 3.Pitch is kept since cutting wind speed
Angle is constant, and wind speed round carries out speed Control according to speed curves shown in figure, and wind energy conversion system is made to operate in power coefficient
Under maximum tip speed ratio.Wind speed increases to 7.5m/s, after wind energy conversion system reaches rated power, keep revolving speed it is constant, blade according to
Pitch angular curve in figure carries out variable pitch, keeps power invariability in rated power.
The shaping procedure of the application pneumatic equipment bladess is as follows
The specified of low speed wind machine is primarily determined according to Correlation by the annual mean wind speed on hub height
Wind speed.Then, the diameter of wind energy conversion system is calculated by rated power and rated wind speed.
By blade along leaf exhibition be divided into 20 sections, amount to 21 sections, respectively with relative thickness be 30%, 24%, 21%,
18%, 15% totally 5 kinds of Special Airfoil of Wind Turbine to blade carry out moulding.
The chord length and torsional angle for calculating 21 section aerofoil profiles of blade, establish the initial aerodynamic configuration of blade.It is initially outer with blade
Shape is constraint, using the chord length and torsional angle progress global search optimizing of distribution and each section that genetic algorithm opens up aerofoil profile along leaf.
Specifically, the determination of blade design parameter is as follows:
(1) determination of rated wind speed
The wind speed profile in the applicable wind energy resources area of the low speed wind machine blade of the application design is hub height last year
Mean wind speed is 5.2~6.0m/s, and rated wind speed is determined by empirical equation (1):
Vr=1.3 (1+Vavg) (1)
Wherein, VrFor rated wind speed；VavgFor local annual mean wind speed.
(2) calculating of rotor diameter D
The diameter of wind wheel can be calculated by following formula:
Wherein, P is rated power；ρ is the atmospheric density under standard state, takes 1.225kg/m3；CpFor wind energy utilization system
Number；η1For transmission system efficiency；η2For generator efficiency.
The design of blade original shape is as follows
According to vane airfoil profile along the rule of leaf exhibition distribution, the selected aerofoil profile of design is arranged along leaf exhibition, and
The chord length and torsional angle value of each section aerofoil profile are calculated, the parameter for obtaining blade original shape is as shown in table 2.
Each section aerofoil profile parameter of 2 blade initial designs of table
Finally blade profile is optimized using genetic algorithm, comprising:
(1) determination of optimization object function
For wind energy conversion system of the speed-changing oar-changing away from control, when wind energy conversion system is run below rated wind speed, control system
Wind energy conversion system can be made to operate in corresponding maximal wind-energy usage factor C by the revolving speed of change wind wheelPTip speed ratio under, that is, keep
Optimum tip-speed ratio operation, makes wind energy conversion system have biggish power coefficient.Therefore the present invention is to cut wind speed to rated wind speed
Each wind speed apparatus for lower wind machine power coefficient is up to optimization aim in range.
Wherein: λ is tip speed ratio
(2) optimized variable and constraint
The aerodynamic configuration of pneumatic equipment bladess from aerofoil profile extend to distribution and the chord length and torsional angle of each section aerofoil profile determine jointly
It is fixed.Therefore design variable is chord length, torsional angle and the relative thickness in each section.In order to make the chord length, torsional angle and phase in each section of blade
The parameters such as thickness are extended and to continuous and derivable are distributed, point of chord length, torsional angle and relative thickness is defined using Bezier curve
Cloth.
The mathematic(al) representation of Bezier curve are as follows:
In formula, PiFor the position vector on each vertex, Bi,nIt (t) is Bornstein odd function.
The constraint equation at control point are as follows:
In formula, ccpi(i=1,2 ..., 8) it is chord length control point；βcpi(i=1,2 ..., 5) it is torsional angle control point；rcpi
(i=1,2 ..., 5) it is relative thickness control point；crootFor blade root cylindrical section section diameter of a circle, cminAnd cmaxIt is respectively fixed
The minimum chord length and maximum chord length of the vane airfoil profile of justice are set referring to the blade of initial designs；βminAnd βmaxRespectively define
The Minimal twist angle and Maximal twist angle of vane airfoil profile are set referring to the blade of initial designs；rminBegin to use aerofoil profile for blade profile
A most leaflet high position set, R is blade radius.
(3) realization of blade optimization genetic algorithm program
The present invention uses self-adapted genetic algorithm, writes Blade Optimization Design program, is calculated each section of optimal blade
Face aerofoil profile parameter simultaneously exports as shown in table 1, and genetic algorithm program process is as shown in Figure 4.
After the low wind speed blade aerodynamic formal parameter after being optimized, its aeroperformance is calculated, PRELIMINARY RESULTS is obtained
It is as follows:
The output power for the low speed wind machine that Fig. 5 is applicable in for the low wind speed blade of the present invention and the curve graph of wind speed.
Fig. 6 is the power coefficient and tip-speed ratio curve graph of the low speed wind machine blade of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 5, the incision wind speed of the low speed wind machine is 3m/s, rated wind speed 7.5m/s, and rated power is
1MW, when wind speed is greater than 7.5m/s, wind energy conversion system keeps rated power operation, cut-out wind speed 22m/s.
It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that the low wind speed blade of the present invention has maximal wind-energy usage factor in tip speed ratio λ=9.7
0.518.Compared with common low speed wind machine has maximal wind-energy usage factor 4.0~4.5 in 7~8 section of tip-speed ratio, this
Low wind speed blade is invented under high tip speed ratio (low wind speed), aeroperformance with higher.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess, which is characterized in that the pneumatic equipment bladess are divided into 20 sections along leaf exhibition, and totally 21
Section, and:
To the 5th section from first section, chord length is gradually increased, to the 21st section from the 5th section, chord length by
It is decrescence small；
To the 21st section from first section, profile thickness is gradually decreased.
2. a kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess according to claim 1, which is characterized in that between each section of section
It is equidistant.
3. a kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess according to claim 1, which is characterized in that 21 sections
In, to the 21st section from the 15th section, profile thickness is equal.
4. a kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess according to claim 3, which is characterized in that rise extremely in the 15th section
The profile thickness in the 21st section is the 15% of first section profile thickness.
5. a kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess according to claim 1, which is characterized in that 21 sections
In, first section is risen to the 5th section, and installing torsional angle is 5 °.
6. any a kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess according to claim 1~5, which is characterized in that described
The aerofoil profile arrangement in 21 sections and the value of each section chord length and torsional angle are as follows:
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| CN201910239796.9A CN109899229A (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2019-03-27 | A kind of low wind speed high-performance pneumatic equipment bladess |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201347836Y (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-11-18 | 中材科技风电叶片股份有限公司 | Wind wheel vane for megawatt wind-power generation equipment |
| WO2012053602A1 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Wind turbine, wind power generation device provided therewith, and wind turbine design method |
| KR101454258B1 (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-10-27 | 한국전력공사 | 25% Thickness Airfoil for Large Scale Wind Turbine Blade |
| CN104405596A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 华北电力大学 | Wind turbine generator system low-wind-speed airfoil section family |
| CN209855955U (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-12-27 | 上海电力学院 | Low wind speed high performance wind turbine blade |
-
2019
- 2019-03-27 CN CN201910239796.9A patent/CN109899229A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201347836Y (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-11-18 | 中材科技风电叶片股份有限公司 | Wind wheel vane for megawatt wind-power generation equipment |
| WO2012053602A1 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Wind turbine, wind power generation device provided therewith, and wind turbine design method |
| KR101454258B1 (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-10-27 | 한국전력공사 | 25% Thickness Airfoil for Large Scale Wind Turbine Blade |
| CN104405596A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 华北电力大学 | Wind turbine generator system low-wind-speed airfoil section family |
| CN209855955U (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-12-27 | 上海电力学院 | Low wind speed high performance wind turbine blade |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 阳雪兵: "5MW风力机叶片结构力学特性有限元分析", 机械研究与应用, vol. 31, no. 4, pages 113 - 116 * |
| 陈亚琼等: "风机叶片三维设计与混合参数化建模方法", 高技术通讯, vol. 25, no. 8, pages 843 - 851 * |
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Country or region after: China Address after: 200090 No. 2103, Pingliang Road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Applicant after: Shanghai Electric Power University Address before: 200090 No. 2103, Pingliang Road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Applicant before: SHANGHAI University OF ELECTRIC POWER Country or region before: China |