CN109898474A - A kind of more reservoir area reservoirs - Google Patents
A kind of more reservoir area reservoirs Download PDFInfo
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- CN109898474A CN109898474A CN201910205664.4A CN201910205664A CN109898474A CN 109898474 A CN109898474 A CN 109898474A CN 201910205664 A CN201910205664 A CN 201910205664A CN 109898474 A CN109898474 A CN 109898474A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of more reservoir area reservoirs, belong to hydraulic engineering field, IPC code E02B3/02.Reservoir area is separated by more reservoir area reservoirs of the invention, including dam, water proof dam and reservoir automatic control system, dam and water proof dam blocks pool, the clear water zone area He Xingli, and three is connected to by gate；It can will block pool upper layer clear water introducing clear water zone according to the measurement result of silt vertical distribution, automatic controlling gate Lift and save for a long time, can guarantee that clear water zone still contains a certain amount of spare water resource when blocking pool and sluicing and wash away；Xing Liqu, which can be convenient, neatly call clear water zone or block the clear water in pool generates electricity, and prevents from blocking the abrasion that pool rough sand crosses machine to the hydraulic turbine.The structure type of more reservoir area reservoirs of the invention, solves reservoir on hyperconcentration river silt to the erosion problem of the hydraulic turbine, while also solving water storage Xing Liyu flood and sand discharging contradiction between the two.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of more reservoir area reservoirs, belong to hydraulic engineering field, IPC code E02B3/02.
Background technique
Most of China river load content is big, and the Sand Erosion on Hydraulic Turbine problem is very prominent.Since silt carrying flow is to water
Washing away and denuding for turbine, causes flow passage components surface breakdown serious, and water wheels machine overhauling and service life shorten, power station economy effect
Benefit is greatly reduced.In recent years research has shown that the abraded quantity of material increases with the increase of silt content and sediment grain size, when in silt
It is worth partial size d50When greater than 250 μm, the corrasion of the hydraulic turbine can be increased significantly.Therefore, it in the operational process of power station, should use up
It is likely to reduced rough sand and crosses machine, extend hydraulic turbine service life.According to the suspended load of water flow rule respectively, sediment grain size is in water
Distribution increases with the depth of water and is increased, and therefore, should quote the water power generation Xing Li of upper layer as far as possible.
There is also sediment siltation problems for high concentrated sediment, and since serious sediment siltation causes utilizable capacity to reduce, water storage is emerging
Sharp reduced capability causes upstream rain-flood resources that can not efficiently use.It will have been deposited in library using mechanical dredging technological means
Silt be all discharged, it is not only costly, and last length.Currently, reservoir on hyperconcentration river mainly passes through flood season low water level operation
Or empty library meets the mode of flood and utilizes Flood sand drained.Low water level operation drops in flood season, although being conducive to reservoir sand discharge,
But flood season water storage behind reservoir area is affected, and then influences the performance of reservoir function, to induce reservoir spillway sand discharge and reservoir area stores
Water, emerging benefit contradiction between the two.
In a large amount of coarse sediments that often deposit at the irrigating gate of power station, generate electricity diversion when, this part shoal materials into
Enter power station, it is serious to turbine cavitation, therefore, when reservoir water silt content is larger, or during sluicing, tend not to be switched on
Power generation, causes great lot of water resources to be wasted.
Therefore, how under the premise of guaranteeing engineering safety, slow down reservoir sedimentation, improve water resource utilization efficiency, increase
Generated energy just becomes reservoir operation problem to be solved to achieve the purpose that flood control, Xing Li.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of reservoir structure type of more reservoir area reservoirs, benefit to solve deficiency in the prior art
The effective storage of reservoir on hyperconcentration river is dramatically increased while effectively reducing reservoir area sediment siltation with the reservoir structure type,
Improve reservoir after flood season water storage, and in 1 year whenever, any silt content under the conditions of, can be switched on power generation, facilitate
The performance of reservoir filling, emerging sharp function.The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
A kind of more reservoir area reservoirs, comprising: dam, water proof dam and reservoir automatic control system, the dam are equipped with power station
Irrigating gate and flood and sand discharging hole；Reservoir region is separated into three parts with the water proof dam by the dam: by the dam and institute
The closed reservoir area not included including the power station irrigating gate and flood and sand discharging hole for stating that water proof dam surrounds is clear water zone；By described
What dam and the water proof dam surrounded is Xing Liqu comprising the closed reservoir area including the power station irrigating gate；Remaining Reservoir region
To block pool, the flood and sand discharging hole of the dam is located at described block in pool；
It is equipped with sediment trapping bank in the power station irrigating gate leading edge, is equipped with gallery for sediment transport, the gallery for sediment transport before the sediment trapping bank
It is connected to the flood and sand discharging hole, sediment ejection opening is equipped at the top of the gallery for sediment transport；
It is respectively provided with one of gate on three water proof dams around the Xing Liqu, blocks pool with described in the clear water zone
Between water proof dam be equipped with three gates, the gate be vertical lift gate；
The reservoir automatic control system includes gate opening/closing control system and suspended load vertical distribution measuring system, described
Suspended load vertical distribution measuring system includes depth of water self-operated measuring unit, silt content self-operated measuring unit and sediment grain size measurement dress
It sets；The suspended load vertical distribution measuring system is arranged in the water proof dam and is blocked in the one side in pool described in, and close to institute
Gate is stated, for measuring the silt content and sediment grain size of different water depth.
More reservoir area reservoirs of the invention have following items inventive point:
(1) building water proof dam makes the single reservoir area of tradition be divided into clear water zone, block the pool area He Xingli, and three passes through gate
It is connected to；Clear water zone can save clear water for a long time, block when pool precipitation washes away can guarantee clear water zone still contain it is a certain amount of standby
With water resource, that is, reducing single reservoir area entirety water level reduces the waste for causing great lot of water resources, and to upland water after precipitation
Reduction provides alternate source.Xing Liqu, which can be convenient, neatly call clear water zone or block the clear water in pool generates electricity, a labor
Forever ease ground prevent from blocking damage of the pool water flow containing rough sand to power station, solve reservoir filling Xing Liyu flood and sand discharging therebetween
Contradiction, and do not influence Flood Season of Reservoir and integrally control flood utilization.
(2) when flood season flood discharge, upper layer clear water is discharged by power station irrigating gate, the emerging benefit power generation of flood discharge while；Lower layer's muddy water
It is discharged by flood and sand discharging hole, reservoir area is discharged by flood and sand discharging hole in sediment siltation body, by being layered flood discharge, both improves flood discharge
Efficiency increases generated energy, and rough sand is prevented to cross machine, killing three birds with one stone.
(3) after flood season, the single reservoir area entirety water level of tradition is lower, will affect giving full play to for the functions such as power generation, irrigation；
For the present invention by adjusting the gate height of Xing Liqu, power station can directly quote the clear water power generation saved from clear water zone, and downstream
It supplies water and irrigates, while preventing rough sand from crossing machine.By the ingehious design of Xing Liqu, pool water level is high, silt content is low, water body is full blocking
Foot is excessively confidential when asking, and power station is preferentially from blocking pool diversion and power.
(4) suspended load vertical distribution measuring system and gate opening/closing control system are utilized, can efficiently determine diversion water level,
The connection for automatically controlling clear water zone, blocking the pool area He Xingli manipulates high-efficient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is integral planar layout drawing of the invention.
Wherein, 1 is dam, and 2 be power station irrigating gate, and 3 be flood and sand discharging hole, and 4 be flood and sand discharging gate hole, and 5 be water proof dam,
6 be sediment trapping bank, and 7 be gallery for sediment transport, and 8 be sediment ejection opening, and 9 be water (flow) direction, and 10 be clear water zone, and 11 be gate A, and 12 be gate B, 13
It is gate D for gate C, 14,15 be gate E, and 16 be gate F, and 17 is block pool, and 18 be Xing Liqu.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
A kind of more reservoir area reservoirs, including dam 1, water proof dam 5 and reservoir automatic control system, the dam 1 are equipped with electricity
It stands irrigating gate 2 and flood and sand discharging hole 3, flood and sand discharging gate hole 4 is equipped on the flood and sand discharging hole 3.The water proof dam 5 is located at
Reservoir region is separated into three parts with the water proof dam 5 by 1 upstream of dam, the dam 1: by the dam 1 with it is described
What water proof dam 5 surrounded is clear water zone 10 not comprising the closed reservoir area including the power station irrigating gate 2 and flood and sand discharging hole 3；By
What the dam 1 and the water proof dam 5 surrounded is Xing Liqu 18 comprising the closed reservoir area including the power station irrigating gate 2；Its
Remaining Reservoir region is to block pool 17, and the flood and sand discharging hole 3 of the dam 1 is located at described block in pool 17.
The crest elevation on the water proof dam 5 is identical as reservoir operation scheme.The water proof dam 5 is equipped with many places gate,
The gate preferred vertical lifting gate；The clear water zone 10 is blocked 17 area He Xingli 18 of pool and is connected to by the gate.This reality
It applies in mode, one of gate, respectively gate A 11, gate B is respectively provided on three water proof dams 5 around the Xing Liqu 18
12 and gate C 13；Three gates, respectively lock are equipped on the clear water zone 10 and the water proof dam 5 blocked between pool 17
Door D 14, gate E 15 and gate F 16.The cope level of the gate A~F is identical as the crest elevation on water proof dam 5, described
The Bottom Altitude of gate A~F is identical as dead water level, that is to say, that the lowest water level of gate A~F control is equal to water
The peak level of library level of dead water, control is equal to reservoir operation scheme.
The reservoir automatic control system includes gate opening/closing control system and suspended load vertical distribution measuring system, described
Suspended load vertical distribution measuring system includes depth of water self-operated measuring unit, silt content self-operated measuring unit and sediment grain size measurement dress
It sets.The water proof dam 5 is arranged in towards in the one side for blocking pool 17 in the suspended load vertical distribution measuring system, and close
Gate B~the F, for measuring the silt silt content and sediment grain size of different water depth before gate B~F.The depth of water is surveyed automatically
Amount device, silt content self-operated measuring unit and sediment grain size measuring device can select existing various measurements according to actual needs
Equipment.
The suspended load vertical distribution measuring system can also be made of depth of water self-operated measuring unit and automatic sampling device,
Manual measurement silt content and sediment grain size after automatic sampling.
The position of the clear water zone 10 and scale, the quantity of gate, gate widths, according to the characteristic level of water of the dam 1,
Situations such as upstream flow and sediment, installed capacity and geological condition of reservoir area, professional and technical personnel in the field according to actual needs and set
Meter specification can be calculated, and belong to the prior art, the present invention repeats no more.
It is equipped with sediment trapping bank 6 in 2 leading edge of power station irrigating gate, is equipped with gallery for sediment transport 7, the sediment transport before the sediment trapping bank 6
Gallery 7 is connected to the flood and sand discharging hole 3, and sediment ejection opening 8 is equipped at the top of the gallery for sediment transport 7.
The power station irrigating gate 2 may be selected from the clear water zone 10 by the Xing Liqu 18 or described block 17 diversion of pool
Power generation.The gate A 11 is promoted, the clear water zone 10 and Xing Liqu 18 completely cuts off；At this point, reducing by 12 He of gate B
The gate C 13, the power station irrigating gate 2 directly can block 17 diversion and power of pool from described.
Reduce the gate A 11, and promote the gate B 12 and the gate C 13, the clear water zone 10 with it is described
Xing Liqu 18 is connected to, and the power station irrigating gate 2 is from 10 diversion and power of clear water zone.It does not wrap in the flood and sand discharging hole 3 of the dam 1
It is contained in the clear water zone 10 and the Xing Liqu 18, is entirely located in described block in pool 17.
Gate A, gate B, gate C, gate D, gate E and gate F of the invention is same type of gate, therein
Number A~F is merely representative of the difference of its position.
The setting quantity and specification size of gate, however it is not limited to listed situation in the specific embodiment of the invention, by this
Field technical staff can specifically adjust according to actual water flow, reservoir storage etc. and require, and be determined using the prior art.
The hydraulic turbine allowed the silt content and sediment grain size of machine, and there is no a unified definite values, with mainly building for reservoir
If purpose is related with actual needs, for example, power generation is time syllabus if the purpose of main construction of reservoir is flood control or catchwork irrigation
, then allowed the silt content of the water flow of machine lower, sediment grain size is smaller；If the main purpose of reservoir construction is emerging benefit power generation,
Or when peak of power consumption, in order to guarantee generated energy, allowed that the silt content of machine is higher, sediment grain size is larger.Therefore, it specifically counts
It is worth that each reservoir is not quite identical, the same reservoir different period is also inconsistent, by reservoir operation personnel according to the tune of reservoir
Metric, which is drawn, to be determined.
More reservoir area reservoirs of the invention, carrying out practically mode are as follows: when the water level for blocking pool 17 is higher than clear water zone 10
When water level, the silt content and sediment grain size of different water levels in pool 17 are blocked in the suspended load vertical distribution measuring system measurement, really
Determine silt content and sediment grain size meets the equivalent water level that the hydraulic turbine crosses machine license, which is determined as diversion water level；Gate opens
It closes control system and the gate A 11 is promoted to highest, then, by the height of the gate D 14, gate E 15 and gate F 16
Degree is down to diversion water level, blocks the water in pool 17 more than diversion water level and passes through the gate D 14, gate E 15 and gate F 16
Into the clear water zone 10.According to suspended sediment along water depth distribution rule it is found that into the clear water zone 10 water be containing
Husky rate is lower and the lesser clear water of partial size.When the water level of the clear water zone 10 gradually rises to normal pool level, gate opening/closing
The height of the gate D 14, gate E 15 and gate F 16 are increased to normal pool level by control system, to guarantee in upstream
When water is reduced, the clear water water level that the clear water zone 10 is saved still is maintained at normal pool level.
(for reserving storage capacity) when reducing reservoir level before flood, gate A 11 described in the clear water zone 10, gate D
14, the height of gate E 15 and gate F 16 are located at normal pool level, to guarantee that the clear water that the clear water zone 10 is saved is located at just
Normal water storage level.Diversion water level is determined by the suspended load vertical distribution measuring system, and gate opening/closing control system is by the lock
The height of door B 12 and gate C 13 is down to diversion water level, and the Xing Liqu 18 is connected to the pool 17 of blocking, blocks in pool 17
Water more than diversion water level enters Xing Liqu 18, and is discharged by power station irrigating gate 2, Xing Lifa while reducing reservoir level
Electricity.
When flood flood discharge occurs for flood season, different water levels in pool 17 are blocked in the suspended load vertical distribution measuring system measurement
Silt content and sediment grain size, and be scheduled according to following two situation:
1. when blocking whole waters in pool 17 and being all unsatisfactory for confidential ask, by the gate B 12, gate C 13, lock
Door D 14, gate E 15 and gate F 16 are promoted to highest, and the isolation of pool 17 is blocked with described by 10 area He Xingli 18 of clear water zone,
With prevent it is described block muddy water in pool 17 and enter 10 area He Xingli 18 of clear water zone, prevent a large amount of silts from crossing machine, the power station
Irrigating gate 2 no longer blocks 17 diversion of pool from described.The flood and sand discharging gate hole 4 is opened, is carried out by the flood and sand discharging hole 3
Sluicing sand discharge, to block the sediment siltation in pool 17 described in reduction, damage of becoming silted up storage capacity is restored.
2. when measurement determine block the silt content of upper water and sediment grain size in pool 17 meet the hydraulic turbine cross machine license when, root
According to the diversion water level measured, gate opening/closing control system is by the gate B 12, gate C 13, gate D 14,15 and of gate E
The height of gate F 16 is down to diversion water level, while the gate A 11 being reduced minimum, and the upper layer clear water blocked in pool 17 is logical
10 area He Xingli 18 of clear water zone is crossed, into the power station irrigating gate 2, power generation while drains flood.Open the flood and sand discharging
Gate hole 4, the lower layer's muddy water blocked in pool 17 carry out sluicing sand discharge by the flood and sand discharging hole 3.In this way, can both accelerate to arrange
Big vast progress, and flood can be made full use of to generate electricity.
When great flood is forecast to occur in upstream, by the gate A 11, gate B 12, gate C 13, gate D 14, gate
The height of E 15 and gate F 16 are reduced to lowest elevation, open the flood and sand discharging gate hole 4, the clear water zone 10, described
Xing Liqu 18 and the pool 17 of blocking participate in Flood Control Dispatch together, guarantee dam safety.
When reservoir undertakes power generation or/and downstream irrigation etc. with water task, if the water level elevation and mud for blocking pool 17
Husky content, sediment grain size be all satisfied it is confidential ask, the Xing Liqu 18 and the clear water zone 10 are completely cut off, by the Xing Liqu 18
It is connected to the pool 17 of blocking, the power station irrigating gate 2 blocks 17 diversion of pool from described；If the water level elevation for blocking pool 17
It is low, alternatively, sediment content or/and sediment grain size be unsatisfactory for it is confidential ask, then the gate B 12 and gate C 13 are promoted to
Highest elevation makes the Xing Liqu 18 block the isolation of pool 17 with described；The height of the gate A 11 is reduced to according to water
Water level obtained by task computation is connected to the Xing Liqu 18 with the clear water zone 10, the clear water stored in the clear water zone 10
Enter the power station irrigating gate 2 by the gate A 11, completes power generation or/and water transfer task.
The present invention solves contradiction and reservoir area entirety between reservoir on hyperconcentration river reservoir area water storage Xing Liyu flood and sand discharging
Dredging is costly, lasts long problem.It while restoring to become silted up damage storage capacity, prevents rough sand from crossing machine, significantly improves reservoir area water money
The utilization rate in source, and principle is simple and convenient to operate, is safe and reliable, is economical and practical, to reservoir on hyperconcentration river Xing Li subtract silt have compared with
High practical value.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of more reservoir area reservoirs characterized by comprising dam (1), water proof dam (5) and reservoir automatic control system, it is described
Dam (1) is equipped with power station irrigating gate (2) and flood and sand discharging hole (3)；The dam (1) and the water proof dam (5) are by Reservoir
Differentiation is divided into three parts: not being included the power station irrigating gate (2) by what the dam (1) and the water proof dam (5) surrounded and is let out
Closed reservoir area including big vast sand discharge hole (3) is clear water zone (10)；The packet surrounded by the dam (1) and the water proof dam (5)
It is Xing Liqu (18) containing the closed reservoir area including the power station irrigating gate (2)；Remaining Reservoir region is to block pool (17), described
The flood and sand discharging hole (3) of dam (1) is located at described block in pool (17)；
Sediment trapping bank (6) are equipped in power station irrigating gate (2) leading edge, are equipped with gallery for sediment transport (7) before the sediment trapping bank (6), it is described
Gallery for sediment transport (7) is connected to the flood and sand discharging hole (3), is equipped with sediment ejection opening (8) at the top of the gallery for sediment transport (7)；
It is respectively provided with one of gate on three water proof dams (5) around the Xing Liqu (18), in the clear water zone (10) and institute
It states the water proof dam (5) blocked between pool (17) and is equipped with three gates, the gate is vertical lift gate；
The reservoir automatic control system includes gate opening/closing control system and suspended load vertical distribution measuring system, described suspended
Matter vertical distribution measuring system includes depth of water self-operated measuring unit, silt content self-operated measuring unit and sediment grain size measuring device；
The suspended load vertical distribution measuring system setting is leaned in the one side that the water proof dam (5) blocks pool (17) described in
The nearly gate, for measuring the silt content and sediment grain size of different water depth.
2. a kind of more reservoir area reservoirs according to claim 1, which is characterized in that three around the Xing Liqu (18)
Water proof dam is respectively provided with one of gate on (5), sets on the clear water zone (10) and the water proof dam (5) blocked between pool (17)
There are three gates, the gate is vertical lift gate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910205664.4A CN109898474B (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | Multi-reservoir-area water reservoir |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910205664.4A CN109898474B (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | Multi-reservoir-area water reservoir |
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| CN109898474A true CN109898474A (en) | 2019-06-18 |
| CN109898474B CN109898474B (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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| CN110453657A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-15 | 王正军 | A kind of layout structure in novel composite ecological power station |
| CN110468792A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-19 | 河北省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | A kind of not silting ecological permeable dam and its method of construction |
| CN112726490A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 盐城工学院 | Guiding device and method suitable for discharging turbid and storing clear water of water source reservoir |
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| CN112726490A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 盐城工学院 | Guiding device and method suitable for discharging turbid and storing clear water of water source reservoir |
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| CN109898474B (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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