CN109896614B - Baffling type three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane denitrification reactor - Google Patents
Baffling type three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane denitrification reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a baffling type three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane denitrification reactor. The reactor comprises: a water inlet pool; the reactor main body comprises at least one three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and a biological filter tank which are positioned at the downstream of the water inlet tank and are sequentially connected, a baffle plate is arranged in the reactor main body, an electrode plate and biological carrier filler are arranged in the at least one three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank, the biological carrier filler is arranged in the biological filter tank, a perforated bearing plate is arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body, a water distribution pipeline is arranged between the perforated bearing plate and the bottom of the reactor main body, and the water distribution pipeline is communicated with the at least one three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and the biological filter tank; the water outlet tank is positioned at the downstream of the biological filter and is provided with a water outlet and a return pipeline, and the return pipeline is connected with the water distribution pipeline through a variable frequency pump.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a baffling type three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane denitrification reactor.
Background
The electrode-biomembrane technology is a water treatment technology combining biology and electrochemistry developed on the basis of an autotrophic denitrification technology taking hydrogen as an electron donor. The electrode-biofilm reactor can remove nitrogen and partial organic matters under the condition of adding little or no organic carbon source.
An electrode-biofilm reactor typically comprises two-dimensional electrodes consisting of two electrodes, a cathode and an anode. And (3) domesticating the biofilm on the surface of the cathode, so that the microorganisms are finally fixed on the surface of the cathode to form the denitrification biofilm.
Under the action of an applied current, water is electrolyzed to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen and electrons are captured by the biologically active material as they permeate the cathode surface. The hydrogen is used as an electron donor to participate in the reduction reaction of the nitrate under the action of the biological enzyme, so that the denitrification is realized.
And part of denitrifying bacteria use organic matters in the sewage as electron donors to reduce the nitrogen of the nitrate into nitrogen together.
In order to increase the amount of microorganisms on the surface of the cathode, some proposals have modified the two-dimensional electrodes by filling granular activated carbon between the two-dimensional electrodes. The activated carbon acts as a third electrode to form a three-dimensional electrode. The scheme increases the surface area of the cathode, thereby increasing the attachment amount of microorganisms.
However, although the three-dimensional electrode increases the amount of microorganisms and the denitrification efficiency to some extent, the activated carbon as the third electrode is easily deposited and hardened in the reactor, and obstructs the flow of gas and liquid in the reactor, thereby affecting the reaction efficiency.
Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new technical scheme of a baffling type three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane denitrification reactor.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor. The reactor comprises: a water intake sump having a water inlet; the reactor main body comprises at least one three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and a biological filter tank which are positioned at the downstream of the water inlet tank and are sequentially connected, a baffle plate is arranged in the reactor main body, an electrode plate and biological carrier filler are arranged in the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank, the biological carrier filler is arranged in the biological filter tank, a perforated bearing plate is arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body, a water distribution pipeline is arranged between the perforated bearing plate and the bottom of the reactor main body, and the water distribution pipeline is communicated with the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and the biological filter tank; the water outlet pool is positioned at the downstream of the biological filter pool and is provided with a water outlet and a return pipeline, and the return pipeline is connected with the water distribution pipeline through a variable frequency pump.
Optionally, a carbon source adding system is arranged at the rear section of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank.
Optionally, the number of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tanks is at least one, and a carbon source adding system is arranged at the rear section of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank connected with the biofilter.
Optionally, the number of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tanks is at least one, the baffle plate comprises a first water baffle connected with the bottom of the reactor main body and a second water baffle connected with the top wall of the reactor main body, and the tank wall between the water inlet tank and the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank, the tank wall between the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tanks and the tank wall between the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank and the water outlet tank are the first water baffle or the second water baffle.
Optionally, the electrode plates include an anode plate and a cathode plate, and the adjacent anode plate and the adjacent cathode plate are oppositely arranged and respectively arranged on the adjacent two baffle plates.
Optionally, the cathode plate is made of stainless steel, nickel-plated metal or carbon fiber felt; the anode plate is made of Ti/RuO2、Ti/PbO2Activated carbon fibers, carbon fiber felt or high-purity graphite.
Optionally, the bio-carrier filler comprises at least one of electrically conductive ceramic particles, granular activated carbon, sulfur particles, metal-coated plastic spheres, graphite, carbon fiber felt, and anthracite.
Optionally, the system further comprises an aeration system, wherein the aeration system comprises a fan and an aeration pipeline communicated with the fan, the aeration pipeline is arranged between the perforated support plate and the bottom of the reactor main body, and an outlet of the aeration pipeline is communicated with the at least one three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and the biological filter tank; the aeration system, the return pipeline and the variable frequency pump are used together for backwashing one of the at least one three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank or the biological filter.
Optionally, a regulating valve for regulating the air flow to the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank and the biofilter is arranged on the aeration pipeline; and the water distribution pipeline is provided with a regulating valve for regulating water flow to the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and the biological filter tank.
Optionally, when sewage treatment is carried out, the circuit density of the electrode plate is 1mA/cm2-400mA/cm2The hydraulic retention time of the sewage in the reactor is 2-8 hours, and the effluent reflux ratio is 200%.
Technical effects
According to one embodiment of the disclosure, the reactor is used without or with a small amount of organic carbon source, and can utilize CO generated by the anode plate2As an inorganic carbon source.
In addition, a pH buffer system can be formed in the reactor, so that the high removal rate of the nitric acid nitrogen is realized, the accumulation of the nitrous acid nitrogen is reduced, and the ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen in the obtained water are discharged up to the standard.
In addition, the reactor is filled with conductive biological carrier filling materials, on one hand, filling particles of the biological carrier filling materials are used as carriers attached to microorganisms, and the amount of the microorganisms in the reactor is increased. The nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria utilize oxygen and hydrogen generated by electrolysis to carry out nitrification and denitrification, so that ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the sewage are synchronously removed; on the other hand, the biological carrier filler increases the specific surface area of the electrode, improves the mass transfer effect and improves the current efficiency and the treatment efficiency.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the effluent flow during back flushing of a baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of reference numerals:
1-water inlet, 2-water inlet tank, 3-reactor body, 4-water outlet tank, 5-variable frequency pump, 6-water outlet, 7-perforated supporting plate, 8-return pipeline, 9-cover plate, 10-water distribution pipeline, 11-aeration pipeline, 12-variable frequency fan, 13-biological carrier filler, 14-anode plate, 15-cathode plate, 16-carbon source feeding system, 17-voltage-stabilizing direct current power supply, 18-water regulating valve, 19-check valve, 20-air regulating valve, 21-back flushing water outlet gallery, 22-inspection opening, ① -lower baffle, ② -upper baffle, A-three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and B-biological filter tank.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, a baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor is provided. The reactor comprises a water inlet pool 2, a reactor main body 3, a water outlet pool 4 and a carbon source adding system 15.
The intake basin 2 has an intake 1. The sewage to be treated enters the water inlet tank 2 through the water inlet 1. Then the water is led to the reactor main body 3 through the water inlet pool 2. For example, the length of the intake pool 2 is 0.1m to 1 m. In this example, the sewage to be treated is sewage with a low carbon-nitrogen ratio.
The reactor main body 3 comprises a three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank A and a biological filter tank B which are positioned at the downstream of the water inlet tank 2 and are connected in sequence. The number of the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A and the number of the biological filter tank B are one or more.
For example, the reactor body 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure having a length of 1m to 6m, a width of 1m to 5m, and a height of 0.5m to 4 m.
A baffle plate is provided in the reactor main body 3. An electrode plate and a biological carrier filler 13 are arranged in the three-dimensional electrode-biological film reaction tank A. The electrode plates include an anode plate 14 and a cathode plate 15. The anode plate 14 and the cathode plate 15 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply 17.
For example, the material of the cathode plate 15 is stainless steel, nickel-plated metal, or carbon fiber felt. The anode plate 14 is made of Ti/RuO2、Ti/PbO2Activated carbon fibers, carbon fiber felt or high-purity graphite. Wherein, Ti/RuO2Means that the surface of Ti is covered with RuO2And (4) coating. Ti/PbO2Means that the surface of Ti is covered with PbO2And (4) coating.
The voltage of the regulated dc power supply 17 is, for example, 0.1V to 8V. Upon energization, an electric current is established between the corresponding anode plate 14 and cathode plate 15.
For example, the baffle includes first and second water baffles arranged alternately. The first water baffle and the second water baffle are parallel to each other. A plurality of first and second water baffles may be provided in each tank body (for example, the reactor main body 3); only the first water baffle or the second water baffle can be arranged; the pool wall between the adjacent pool bodies can be used as a first water baffle or a second water baffle.
In one example, the baffle plate includes a first water baffle (i.e., a lower baffle ①) connected to the bottom of the reactor body 3 and a second water baffle (i.e., an upper baffle ②) connected to the top wall of the reactor body 3, the wall between the inlet tank 2 and the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank A, the wall between the plurality of three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tanks A, and the wall between the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank A and the outlet tank 4 are the first water baffle or the second water baffle, and the other of the two water baffles is provided on the cover plate 9.
Wherein the lower baffle ① and the upper baffle ② are fixed to the inner wall of the reactor main body 3, respectively.
For example, the electrode plates of the reactor are fixed to the cell walls. Anode plates 14 are uniformly fixed to the a-side and the d-side, and cathode plates 15 are uniformly fixed to the b-side and the c-side. The thickness of the anode plate 14 and the cathode plate 15 is 1mm to 15 mm. The arrangement mode reduces the requirements on the specifications of the electrode plates and the arrangement difficulty, and the cell wall plays a role in supporting and reinforcing the electrode plates, so that the electrode plates are prevented from deforming.
A biological carrier filler 13 is arranged in the biological filter B. The biological carrier filler 13 is used as a carrier of the sewage treatment microorganisms and the like. For example, the bio-carrier filler 13 includes at least one of conductive ceramic particles, granular activated carbon, sulfur particles, metal-coated plastic spheres, graphite, carbon fiber felt, and anthracite coal.
The perforated support plate 7 is provided on the bottom of the reactor main body 3. the perforated support plate 7 is used for supporting the bio-carrier packing 13. for example, the vertical distance between the lower baffle ① and the cover plate 9 is 0.1m to 1m, the vertical distance between the upper baffle ② and the bottom is 0.1m to 1m, the vertical distance between the perforated support plate 7 and the bottom of the reactor main body 3 is 0.1m to 0.4m, the distance between the adjacent lower baffle ① and the upper baffle ② is 0.2m to 1m, the water flow in the reactor main body 3 flows in an upper and lower baffled manner, and the cover plate 9 is provided with a test port 22 for observing and testing the internal condition of the reactor.
A water distribution pipe 10 is provided between the perforated support plate 7 and the bottom of the reactor main body 3 (for example, the bottom of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank a and the bottom of the biological filter B). The water distribution pipeline 10 is communicated with the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A and the biological filter tank B. For example, the water distribution line 10 includes a main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes communicating with the main pipe. Outlets of the plurality of branch pipes are respectively positioned in the pools.
For example, the branch pipes are tubes, and each tube is provided with a plurality of outlets; or the branch pipe is a single pipe and is laid on the bottom of the pool. The branch pipe is provided with a plurality of outlets.
The water outlet tank 4 is positioned at the downstream of the biological filter B. For example, the length of the outlet basin 4 is 0.1m to 1 m. The water outlet pool 4 is provided with a water outlet 6 and a return pipeline 8. The return pipeline 8 is connected with the water distribution pipeline 10 through the variable frequency pump 5. For example, the variable frequency pump 5 delivers water from the effluent tank 4 to at least one tank body upstream of the effluent tank 4. The reason for setting the reflux system (for example, the reflux system comprises a reflux pipeline 8, a variable frequency pump 5, a water distribution pipeline 10 and the like) is that a large amount of carbon sources need to be consumed in the biological denitrification process, and under the condition that the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the effluent is insufficient, extra carbon sources (for example, glucose, methanol and the like) can be added by starting the carbon source adding system 16, for the sewage containing a large amount of COD, N can be removed by adopting a reflux method under the condition that the COD is further consumed, and a certain carbon-nitrogen ratio is maintained, so that the effluent meets the requirements.
For example, a water regulating valve 18 is provided on each branch pipe, and the flow rate of return water in each tank is regulated by the water regulating valve 18.
A carbon source adding system 15 is arranged at the rear section of the three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tank A. The carbon source adding system 15 is used for adding a carbon source into the reactor. Carbon in the reactor is continuously consumed in the process of carrying out sewage treatment. The carbon source can be effectively supplemented in time through the carbon source adding system 15.
In this embodiment, the reactor is used without or with a small addition of an organic carbon source, while being able to utilize the CO produced by the anode plate 142As an inorganic carbon source.
In addition, the flow velocity of water in the reactor can be effectively increased by arranging the baffle plates, and the effect of turbulent flow is increased, so that the phenomenon of siltation, hardening and the like of the bio-carrier filler 13 is not easy to generate.
In addition, a pH buffer system can be formed in the reactor, so that the high removal rate of the nitric acid nitrogen is realized, the accumulation of the nitrous acid nitrogen is reduced, and the ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen in the obtained water are discharged up to the standard.
In addition, the reactor is filled with the conductive biological carrier filler 13, on one hand, the filling particles of the biological carrier filler 13 are used as carriers for attaching microorganisms, and the amount of the microorganisms in the reactor is increased. The nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria utilize oxygen and hydrogen generated by electrolysis to carry out nitrification and denitrification, so that ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the sewage are synchronously removed; on the other hand, the biological carrier filler 13 increases the specific surface area of the electrode, improves the mass transfer effect and improves the current efficiency and the treatment efficiency.
In one example, the number of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction cells a is plural. For example, a plurality of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction cells a are connected in series. A carbon source adding system 15 is arranged at the rear section of the three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tank A connected with the biological filter B. The carbon source may be, but is not limited to, glucose, methanol, sodium acetate, etc. The carbon consumed in the reactor can be effectively replenished by the carbon source adding system 15.
In one example, the reactor further comprises an aeration system. The aeration system comprises a fan and an aeration pipeline 11 communicated with the fan. For example, the fan is a variable frequency fan 12. The aeration line 11 is provided between the perforated support plate 7 and the bottom of the tank of the reactor main body 3. The outlet of the aeration pipeline 11 is communicated with the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A and the biological filter tank B. The aeration system, the return pipeline 8 and the variable frequency pump are used for backwashing one of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank A or the biofilter B.
For example, an adjusting valve, for example, an air adjusting valve 20 for adjusting the flow rate of air to the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank a and the biofilter B is provided on the aeration line 11. Regulating valves, such as a water regulating valve 18, for regulating the flow of water to the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank a and the biofilter B are provided on the water distribution piping. The aeration line 11 includes a main pipe and branch pipes connected to the main pipe. As mentioned above, the branch pipe is a row pipe or a single pipe, and an aeration head is arranged on the branch pipe. And when backwashing is carried out, the variable frequency pump 5 and the variable frequency fan 12 are started. The air-water back flushing of each tank body is realized by controlling the air regulating valve 20 and the water regulating valve 18. The air-water back flushing can effectively remove inactive microorganisms, sludge and the like in the reactor, and simultaneously clear the electrode plate and the biological carrier filler 13 to prevent silting.
In addition, compared with the mode of carrying out air-water back flushing on a plurality of tank bodies simultaneously, the mode of carrying out air-water back flushing on the tank bodies one by one can meet the requirements only by adopting a variable frequency pump with smaller power, thereby reducing the power requirement of equipment.
The back-flushed gas, water, etc. are discharged out of the reactor. For example, a back-flush effluent gallery 21 is provided within the reactor. The backwash outlet gallery 21 is located in the middle of the reactor in the width direction. During the backwashing, water is collected from both sides into the backwashing water outlet gallery 21 and is discharged from the reactor.
In one example, the electrode plate has a circuit density of 1mA/cm in the case of sewage treatment2-400mA/cm2The hydraulic retention time of the sewage in the reactor is 2-8 hours, and the effluent reflux ratio is 200%. Under the working condition, the sewage treatment efficiency is high, and the effluent quality is good.
The method for treating sewage by using the baffled three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane denitrification reactor comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing electrode plates in the reactor according to design requirements, and filling the bio-carrier filler 13. The anode plate 14 is connected with the anode of the voltage-stabilized direct-current power supply 17, the cathode plate 15 is connected with the cathode of the voltage-stabilized direct-current power supply 17, and the biological carrier filler 13 is the third pole.
S2, inoculating anaerobic sludge of a sewage plant into the reactor according to the proportion that the volume of the biological carrier filler 13 and the volume of the sludge are 1:1-2: 1. The temperature in the reactor is maintained at about 30 ℃, and the nutrient elements are supplemented in a 28-hour period. Then, the mixture was left standing for 72 hours, and then the sludge was discharged. Then, water is continuously fed into the water inlet tank 2 through the water inlet 1, and the electrode plates are electrified with direct current to acclimate the reactor. For example, the regulated dc power supply 17 is controlled to gradually increase the current intensity from 0 to 400mA and then decrease the current intensity to 200mA, and the current intensity is kept constant. After acclimation for about 20 to 40 days, in the case where the nitrate nitrogen removal rate in the reactor reached 70% or more, acclimation was considered to be completed.
S3, introducing the sewage to be treated into the reactor main body 3. Is connected withAnd then, controlling the current density of the electrode plate and the residence time of the sewage. For example, the current density of the electrode plate is controlled to 1mA/cm2-400mA/cm2The time of the sewage staying in the reactor is 2-8 hours, so that the continuous operation of the reactor and better treatment effect are realized.
When the reactor normally runs, the aeration system is closed, and only the water distribution system (comprising the variable frequency pump 5 and the water distribution pipeline 10) is opened. The control of the amount of the return water of each pool body in the water inlet pool 2, the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction pool A and the biological filter pool B is realized by controlling the opening and closing of the variable frequency pump 5 on the return pipeline 8 of the water outlet pool 4 and the water regulating valve 18 on each water distribution branch pipe. By the mode, the concentration of nitrite, nitrate and organic matters in the sewage to be treated in the reactor in the sewage treatment process can be adjusted, and the total nitrogen removal effect can be obviously improved.
In this example, the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm method is a coupled process of electrochemical and biological action, and its working principle is as follows:
1. principle of biological membrane purification
After long-term sludge water soaking, microorganisms in the water can attach to the surface of the biological carrier filler 13 and grow and reproduce, and a layer of biological film-shaped substance, namely a biological film, is gradually formed on the surface of the biological carrier filler 13. The method for oxidizing and degrading peripheral pollutants by high-concentration active microorganisms in the biomembrane is called the biomembrane method for short.
The operating conditions of conventional microelectrolytic reactors are not conducive to microbial growth. In this example, the pH range of the reactor was changed, and a microbial inoculation method was used to form a biofilm on the surface of the bio-carrier filler 13, thereby improving the purification effect on pollutants in water and changing the dissolved oxygen value of the mixed solution. Biological denitrification can be realized through the combined action of various microorganisms in the biomembrane under different anoxic and aerobic states, so that nitrogen pollutants in sewage are removed.
2. Biofilm electrode assay effect
Biofilm electrode denitrification is a process in which electrochemical action and biological reduction are closely linked. Under the action of electric current, water is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen:
2H3O++2e＝H2+2H2O
2H2O+2e＝H2+2OH-
the denitrifying bacteria are fixed on the surface of the electrode and are in direct contact with the electrode, hydrogen generated on the surface of the electrode is immediately utilized by the denitrifying bacteria and subjected to reduction reaction, and the combination of the hydrogen and oxygen during diffusion in water is reduced. In addition, hydrogen diffuses outwards from the biological membrane, and the change of the mass transfer direction and the enhancement of the mass transfer power obviously improve the utilization rate of the hydrogen, thereby enhancing the denitrification effect. The improvement of hydrogen analysis speed is also beneficial to reducing hydrogen overpotential and reducing electric energy consumption. The reaction formula is as follows:
NO3 -+H2＝NO2 -+H2O
2NO2 -+2H2+2H+＝N2O+3H3O
N2O+H2＝N2+H2O
the overall reaction formula is: 2NO3 -+5H2+2H+＝N2+6H2O
The denitrifying bacteria on the surface of the cathode use hydrogen generated by electrolysis as an electron donor, and an additional organic nutrient source is not needed. However, the denitrifying bacteria can also be used for the original organic matters in the sewage. Therefore, organic pollutants in the electrode biological membrane are removed while denitrification is performed on the electrode biological membrane.
Example 1:
in this example, a baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor is used to treat a nitrogen-containing wastewater having a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (e.g., a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 0.5 to 5.0).
Wherein the domestication process of the microorganisms comprises the following steps: the biological carrier filler 13 is mixed with the sludge volume according to the ratio of 2: 1. Anaerobic sludge of a sewage plant is inoculated into a reactor, the temperature in the reactor is maintained to be about 30 ℃, and nutrient elements are supplemented in a 24-hour period. Then, the mixture was left to stand for 72 hours, and then the sludge was discharged. Then, continuous water feeding was started through the water inlet 1, and direct current was applied to the water for acclimatization. The current intensity is gradually increased from 0 to 400mA and then reduced to 200mA, and is kept constant. After 30 days of acclimation, in the case where the nitrate nitrogen removal rate in the reactor reached 70% or more, acclimation was considered to be completed.
As shown in FIG. 1, in this example, the total nitrogen concentration of the wastewater is 217.3-220.2mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is 48.4-50.2 mg/L. The sewage flows into the water inlet tank 2 from the water inlet 1, and enters the three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tank A of the reactor main body 3 after being mixed with the effluent backflow water of the water inlet tank 2.
Wherein, the reflux water plays a role of supplementing a carbon source to the inlet water so as to improve the denitrification efficiency, and the system in the reactor can maintain a stable anoxic environment by adjusting the reflux quantity. Under the action of external current, electrochemical action and biological reduction action take place. The sewage contacts with the cathode plate 15, the anode plate 14 and the biological carrier filler 13. The reactor main body 3 consists of 3 three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tanks A and 1 biofilter B. The bottom of the two types of tank bodies are provided with a perforated bearing plate 7, and a water distribution pipeline 10 and an aeration pipeline 11 are arranged in the space from the perforated bearing plate 7 to the bottom of the reactor main body 3. And a return pipeline 8 of the water outlet pool 4 is connected with the variable frequency pump 5. A water regulating valve 18 is separately provided on each branch pipe of the water distribution pipeline 10. The branch pipes are respectively positioned at the bottoms of the water inlet tank 2, the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A and the biological filter tank B.
A check valve 19 is provided between the variable frequency fan 12 and the main pipe of the aeration line 11. Each branch pipe is provided with an air regulating valve 20. The branch pipes are respectively positioned at the bottoms of the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A and the biological filter tank B. A carbon source adding system 15 is arranged at the rear section of the three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tank A which is tightly connected with the biological filter B. The current density of the electrode plate is 200mA/cm2The residence time of the effluent in the reactor was 8 hours.
The reactor body 3 had a length of 4m, a width of 2m and a height of 2 m. The three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tank A consists of an electrode plate, a biological carrier filler 13 and a perforated bearing plate 7. The biological filter B consists of a biological carrier filler 13 and a perforated bearing plate 7.
The voltage of the regulated dc power supply 17 is 2V. The electrode in the three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tank A consists of a plurality of electrode plates fixed on the inner wall. Anode plates 14 are uniformly fixed to the a-side and the d-side. Cathode plates 15 are uniformly fixed to the sides b and c.
The lower baffles ① and the upper baffles ② are parallel to each other and are arranged in sequence and alternately, and the bottom end of the lower baffle ① is connected with the bottom surface of the reactor body 3. the top end of the upper baffle ② is connected with the cover plate 9 of the reactor body 3, and the lower baffles ① and the upper baffles ② are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the reactor body 3. the vertical distance between the upper baffle ② and the perforated support plate 7 is 0.2m, the vertical distance between the lower baffle ① and the cover plate 9 is 0.2 m. the distance between the adjacent lower baffle ① and the upper baffle ② is 0.6 m. the vertical distance between the perforated support plate 7 and the bottom of the reactor body 3 is 0.1 m. the water flow in the reactor body 3 flows in an up-down baffling manner, and the lengths of the water inlet tank 2 and the water outlet tank 4 are respectively 0.2 m.
In this example, the cathode plate 15 is made of a stainless steel plate, and the anode plate 14 is made of activated carbon fibers. The biological carrier filler 13 is high-purity graphite and metal-coated plastic balls. The biological carrier filler 13 is filled in the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A and the biological filter tank B.
The anode plate 14 and cathode plate 15 are 3mm thick. Hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals are generated on the cathode plate 15; oxygen is generated on anode plate 14. Carbon on the high-purity graphite undergoes an oxidation reaction to produce carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water and is partially converted into carbonic acid, bicarbonate, etc.
Products such as carbonic acid, bicarbonate radical and the like and hydrogen can be effectively utilized by microorganisms in the biological membrane. Meanwhile, carbonic acid, bicarbonate radical and the like diffuse into the biological membrane, and play a certain buffering role in the pH value of the denitrification system.
And the sewage flows to a biological filter B, and pollutants in the water are removed through the purification effect of a biological membrane. The effluent of the biological filter B flows to an effluent pool 4. And glucose is added at the rear section of the three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tank A which is tightly connected with the biofilter B.
In the example, the total nitrogen content in the effluent of the effluent pool 4 is 13.4mg/L-14.8mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is 3.6mg/L-4.8 mg/L.
In this example, the water outlet backflow and the back flushing are realized by adjusting the opening and closing of the water adjusting valve 18 on the water distribution pipeline 10. When the reflux ratio of the effluent is 200 percent in normal operation, the reflux water uniformly flows back to the water inlet pool 2, the 2 three-dimensional electrode-biological film reaction pools A and the biological filter pool B, the reflux ratio of the water inlet pool 22 is 50 percent, the reflux ratios of the 2 three-dimensional electrode-biological film reaction pools A are respectively 50 percent, and the reflux ratio of the biological filter pool B is 50 percent.
When the air-water back washing is carried out on the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A or the biological filter B, the water regulating valve 18 and the air regulating valve 20 of the same three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A or the biological filter B are opened, and the aeration air quantity of the variable frequency fan 12 and the back washing water quantity of the variable frequency pump 5 are sequentially regulated, so that the air-water back washing of the single three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A or the biological filter B is realized. Backwash water is collected by the backwash outlet gallery 21 and drained.
Example 2:
in this example, the volume of bio-carrier filler 13 in the reactor body 3 is mixed with the volume of sludge in a ratio of 1: 1. The microorganism acclimation time is 20 days. The total nitrogen concentration of the sewage is 130.8-134.7 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is 28.8-32.4 mg/L.
The current density of the electrode plate was 300mA/cm at the time of treatment2The residence time of the sewage in the reactor is 5 hours, the voltage of the voltage-stabilized direct-current power supply 17 is 4V, the length of the reactor main body 3 is 3m, the width of the reactor main body is 1.5m, the height of the reactor main body 3 is 1.5m, the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank A is arranged in the reactor main body 3, the length of the water inlet tank 2 is 0.7m, the length of the water outlet tank 4 is 0.3m, the vertical distance between the upper baffle ② and the perforated support plate 7 is 0.1m, the vertical distance between the lower baffle ① and the cover plate 9 is 0.1m, the vertical distance between the perforated support plate 7 and the bottom surface of the reactor main body 3 is 0.15m, and the distance between the adjacent lower baffle ① and the upper baffle ② is 0.5 m.
The thickness of the anode plate 14 and the cathode plate 15 is 5 mm. The cathode plate 15 is made of a nickel-plated metal plate. The anode plate 14 is made of Ti/PbO2. The bio-carrier filler 13 is a metal coated plastic sphere and sulphur granules. In this example, no dosing is requiredA carbon source.
In the example, the total nitrogen content in the effluent of the effluent pool 4 is 12.4mg/L-13.9mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is 2.7mg/L-3.1 mg/L. And in normal operation, the effluent uniformly flows back to the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A and the biological filter tank B. The effluent does not flow back to the water inlet tank 2. The reflux ratio of the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank A is 100 percent, and the reflux ratio of the biological filter tank B is 100 percent.
Example 3:
in this example, the volume of bio-carrier filler 13 in the reactor body 3 is mixed with the volume of sludge in a ratio of 3: 2. The acclimation time of the microorganisms is 30 days. The total nitrogen concentration of the sewage is 97.6mg/L-101.2mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is 19.7mg/L-21.6 mg/L.
When the treatment was carried out, the current density of the electrode plate was 600mA/cm2The residence time of the sewage in the reactor is 2 hours, the voltage of the voltage-stabilized direct-current power supply 17 is 8V, the length of the reactor main body 3 is 5m, the width of the reactor main body is 2.5m, the height of the reactor main body is 3m, the reactor main body 3 is provided with 2 three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tanks A, the length of the water inlet tank 2 is 1m, the length of the water outlet tank 4 is 0.4m, the vertical distance between the upper baffle ② and the perforated support plate 7 is 0.4m, the vertical distance between the lower baffle ① and the cover plate 9 is 0.3m, and the distance between the adjacent lower baffle ① and the upper baffle ② is 0.8 m.
The anode plate 14 and cathode plate 15 are 8mm thick. The cathode plate 15 is made of carbon fiber felt, and the anode plate 14 is made of Ti/RuO 2. The biological carrier filler 13 is granular active carbon and anthracite.
In the example, the total nitrogen content in the effluent of the effluent pool 4 is 13.8mg/L-14.4mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is 2.9mg/L-3.4 mg/L. Sodium acetate is added at the rear section of a three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tank A which is tightly connected with the biological filter B. And in normal operation, the effluent uniformly flows back to the 2 three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tanks A. The reflux ratio of the 2 three-dimensional electrode-biomembrane reaction tanks A is 100 percent respectively.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor, comprising:
a water intake sump having a water inlet;
the reactor main body comprises at least one three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and a biological filter tank which are positioned at the downstream of the water inlet tank and are sequentially connected, a carbon source adding system is arranged at the rear section of the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank connected with the biological filter tank, a baffle plate is arranged in the reactor main body, a back-flushing water outlet gallery is arranged at the middle part of the reactor main body along the width direction, an electrode plate and a biological carrier filler are arranged in the at least one three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank, the biological carrier filler is arranged in the biological filter tank and comprises at least one of conductive ceramic particles, granular activated carbon, sulfur particles, metal-coated plastic balls, graphite, carbon fiber felts and anthracite, and a perforated bearing plate is arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body, a water distribution pipeline is arranged between the perforated supporting plate and the bottom of the reactor main body and is communicated with the at least one three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and the biological filter tank; and
the water outlet tank is positioned at the downstream of the biological filter tank and is provided with a water outlet and a return pipeline, and the return pipeline is connected with the water distribution pipeline through a variable frequency pump;
when in sewage treatment, the variable frequency pump conveys water in the water outlet tank to at least one tank body at the upstream of the water outlet tank.
2. The baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor as recited in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank is at least one, the baffle plate comprises a first water baffle connected to a bottom of the reactor body and a second water baffle connected to a top wall of the reactor body, and a tank wall between the inlet tank and the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank, a tank wall between the plurality of three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tanks, and a tank wall between the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank and the outlet tank is the first water baffle or the second water baffle.
3. The baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor as recited in claim 1, wherein the electrode plates comprise an anode plate and a cathode plate, adjacent anode and cathode plates being oppositely disposed and respectively disposed on adjacent two of the baffle plates.
4. The baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cathode plate is made of stainless steel, nickel-plated metal or carbon fiber felt; the anode plate is made of Ti/RuO2、Ti/PbO2Activated carbon fibers, carbon fiber felt or high-purity graphite.
5. The baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an aeration system, the aeration system comprising a fan and an aeration line in communication with the fan, the aeration line being disposed between the perforated support plate and the bottom of the reactor body, an outlet of the aeration line being in communication with the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank and the biofilter; the aeration system, the return pipeline and the variable frequency pump are used together for backwashing one of the at least one three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank or the biological filter.
6. The baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor as claimed in claim 5, wherein a regulating valve for regulating the air flow to the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reaction tank and the biofilter is provided on the aeration pipe; and the water distribution pipeline is provided with a regulating valve for regulating water flow to the three-dimensional electrode-biological membrane reaction tank and the biological filter tank.
7. The baffled three-dimensional electrode-biofilm denitrification reactor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electrode plates have a circuit density of 1mA/cm at the time of sewage treatment2-400mA/cm2The hydraulic retention time of the sewage in the reactor is 2-8 hours, and the effluent reflux ratio is 200%.
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