CN109891211A - For sensing the sensor element of the particle of the measurement gas in measurement gas compartment - Google Patents
For sensing the sensor element of the particle of the measurement gas in measurement gas compartment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109891211A CN109891211A CN201780065827.2A CN201780065827A CN109891211A CN 109891211 A CN109891211 A CN 109891211A CN 201780065827 A CN201780065827 A CN 201780065827A CN 109891211 A CN109891211 A CN 109891211A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sm+3].[Sm+3] FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 34
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004092 self-diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
- G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of for sensing the sensor element (110) of the particle of the measurement gas in measurement gas compartment.The sensor element (110) includes carrier (112), wherein, first electrode device (114) and second electrode device (116) are applied on the carrier (112), wherein, the first electrode device (114) and the second electrode device (116) are respectively provided with multiple electrodes and refer to (118), wherein, each electrode finger (118) of the first electrode device (114) is connect by least one terminal resistance (120) at least one electrode finger (116) of the second electrode device (118).
Description
Background technique
It is known from the state of the art multiple for sensing the sensor element of the particle of the measurement gas in measurement gas compartment.Example
Such as, measurement gas can be the exhaust gas of internal combustion engine.In particular, particle can be coal smoke or dust granule.It below will be referring especially to
Illustrate the present invention for detecting the sensor element of coal soot, but does not limit other implementation method and application method.
Two or more metal electrodes can be mounted on the carrier of electrical isolation.The grain gathered under the action of voltage
Son, especially coal soot are in the collection phase of sensor element in the interdigital electrode being fitted into each other with being for example configured as pectination
Electrode between form conducting bridge, and these electrodes are thus short-circuit.In Restoration stage, usually by integrated heating element
The electrode self-cleaning is set to burn.In general, the electricity of particle sensor analysis processing electrode structure changed due to particle accumulation
Characteristic.Such as the electric current of reduced resistance or increase can be measured when consistently applying voltage.
Resistance sensor is typically expressed as according to the sensor element that the principle works and is present in a variety of embodiment party
In formula, the sensor element is for example by 103 19 664 10 2,006 042 362 A1, DE 103 53 860 of A1, DE of DE
Known to 2003/006976 A2 of A1, DE 101 49 333 A1 and WO.The sensor element for being configured as soot sensor is usually used
In monitoring diesel particulate filter.In the exhaust apparatus of internal combustion engine, the particle sensor of the type is usually received and is being protected
In pillar, which for example allows to flow through the particle sensor with exhaust gas simultaneously.
Environmental consciousness based on raising and also partially due to legal provisions, must monitor soot emissions during the driving period
And ensure the functionality monitored.Commonly referred to as on-board diagnostics (the On-board- of the monitoring of this type functionality
Diagnose).The device and method of self diagnosis for particle sensor are for example by 10 2,009 028 239 A1, DE 10 of DE
2009 028 283 2,007 046 096 10 2,006 042 605 A1 and 2012/0119759 A1 of US of A1, DE of A1, DE
It is known.
Although the sensor element for sensing particles being known from the state of the art has these advantages, the sensor element
Also there are improved potentiality.Therefore, supervising certainly for the soot sensor of legal requirement is especially difficult to realize in terms of electrically functional
It surveys.Especially continuous monitoring, is preferably monitored with determining predetermined minimum frequency, for example at least frequency of 2Hz
It is a kind of challenge.In addition, ghost effect, the impedance for the cable bundle that for example measure together can be such that self diagnosis becomes difficult.With not
The electrical characteristics known, the accumulation for example on electrode assembly will lead to the superposition of desired measurement effect.Furthermore it is known that side
Method and/or known equipment can have the disadvantages that in the case of a fault, even if electrode assembly is in the case where partial fault
When still partly running well, when especially example runs well if there is 90%, complete failure is also always detected.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, it is proposed in scope of the invention a kind of for sensing the particle of the measurement gas in measurement gas compartment
Sensor element.In scope of the invention, sensor element is interpreted as arbitrary following apparatus, and described device is suitable for qualitative
Ground and/or quantitatively sensing particles and can be by suitable manipulation unit and suitably the electrode of configuration is generated corresponding to institute
The electric measurement signal of the particle sensed, such as voltage or electric current.The particle sensed especially can be coal soot and/or ash
Dirt particle.Here, being able to use DC- signal and/or AC- signal.In addition, being for example able to use resistive component and/or capacitor point
Amount is for carrying out signal analysis and processing by impedance.
Sensor element is more particularly to being arranged to in the motor vehicle.In particular, measurement gas can be motor vehicles
Exhaust gas.Other gases and admixture of gas are also possible in principle.In principle, measurement gas compartment can be any opening or
Closed room, measurement gas receives in the chamber and/or measurement gas flows through the room.For example, measurement gas compartment can be internal combustion
The exhaust apparatus of machine, such as combustion engine.
Sensor element includes carrier, wherein first electrode device and second electrode device are applied on the carrier.First
Electrode assembly and second electrode device are respectively provided with multiple electrodes and refer to, wherein each electrode finger of first electrode device is by extremely
A few terminal resistance is connect at least one electrode finger of second electrode device.
In scope of the invention, carrier is interpreted as arbitrary following substrates in principle, and the substrate is suitable for carrying the
One electrode assembly and second electrode device, and/or first electrode device and second electrode device can be applied to the substrate
On.In scope of the invention, electrode assembly is interpreted as arbitrary following electric conductors in principle, and the electric conductor is suitable for electric current
What measurement and/or voltage measurement and/or the electric conductor can be contacted with voltage and or current application with the electrode assembly
At least one element.In scope of the invention, any following shape of electrode assembly is interpreted as on term " electrode finger " original side,
The size of the shape in one dimension significantly more than the size at least one other dimension, e.g. at least 2 times,
Preferably at least 3 times, particularly preferably at least 5 times.In scope of the invention, " multiple " are interpreted as arbitrary at least two in principle
Quantity.
In scope of the invention, terminal resistance is interpreted as arbitrary following resistance in principle, and the resistance is electric by first
At least one electrode finger of pole device is connect in this way at least one electrode finger of second electrode device, so that there is no accumulations
Particle, especially there is no in the case where the coal smoke or dust granule of accumulation, applying a voltage to first electrode device and the
When on two electrode assemblies, measurable electric current is flowed through between first electrode device and second electrode device.In particular, applying
In the case where 5 to 60V voltage, and when the running temperature of sensor element is in 50 DEG C to 500 DEG C of temperature range, it can measure
Electric current can have the current value of 0.1 μ Α to 10 μ Α.
At least one described terminal resistance can contact at least one section and second of the electrode finger of first electrode device
At least one section of the electrode finger of electrode assembly.In scope of the invention, the section of electrode finger is interpreted as electrode in principle
Any section referred to.In particular, at least one described terminal resistance can also contact all electrode fingers of first electrode device
One section of all electrode fingers of one section or multiple sections or all sections and second electrode device or multiple sections or
All sections.
At least one described terminal resistance can be for example applied on carrier as discrete structural detail.However, described
At least one terminal resistance can also be configured as the doped region in carrier inside, also will be explained in the doped region below
Domain.In the particularly preferred embodiment of sensor element according to the present invention, at least one described terminal resistance can this
Sample configuration, so that preferably existing there is no the particle of accumulation, especially there is no the coal smoke or dust granule of accumulation
In the running temperature of sensor element, electrode all-in resistance be in 1M Ω to 150M Ω in the range of, preferably 2M Ω's to 75M Ω
In range and particularly preferably in the range of 5M Ω to 50M Ω.In scope of the invention, term " electrode all-in resistance " reason
Solution is by first electrode device, passes through second electrode device, by least one terminal resistance and as necessary by others
The resistance for the circuit that structural detail is formed.Based on the low resistance of two electrode assemblies, electrode all-in resistance usually consists essentially of this
Terminal resistance, or for including the summation of these terminal resistances there are the case where multiple terminal resistances.
In scope of the invention, statement " being connected by terminal resistance " be interpreted as in principle, first electrode device it is every
A electrode finger is in electrical contact by means of at least one electrode finger of terminal resistance and second electrode device.
Carrier can include at least one ceramic material as carrier material.In particular, carrier can comprising oxide ceramic,
It preferably includes aluminium oxide, especially include Al2O3.However, other oxides, such as zirconium oxide are also possible.In addition, carrier
It can include at least one electrically insulating material.Carrier can have carrier surface.In scope of the invention, carrier surface principle
On be interpreted as arbitrary following layers, which separates carrier and its ambient enviroment, and the first and second electrode assemblies are applied
Onto the layer.
Carrier can include at least one doped region, wherein doped region contacts the electrode finger of first electrode device
At least one section of the electrode finger of at least one section and second electrode device.In particular, doped region can also contact
All electrodes of one section of all electrode fingers of one electrode assembly or multiple sections or all sections and second electrode device
The section or multiple sections that refer to or all sections.In scope of the invention, term " contact " is interpreted as two in principle
Object is in directly contact.In particular, two objects are in electrical contact.
In scope of the invention, doped region is interpreted as arbitrary following regions of carrier in principle, which has
It is introduced into foreign atom in ceramic material, especially metallic atom, wherein metal impurities atom replaces the pottery for being included in carrier
A part of metallic atom in ceramic material.Doped region can include the carrier material of at least one doping as a result, especially
Doped with the aluminium oxide of metal oxide.However, other oxides be also it is possible, especially those also serve as dopant material
Oxide.
Therefore, carrier can be at least one described doped region doped with dopant material, wherein dopant material indicates
It is equipped with the dopant material of the oxidation of metal impurities atom.In particular, the concentration of dopant material is at least one described doped region
There can be 1mol% to 100mol%, preferably 10mol% to 90mol%, particularly preferably 20mol% in domain extremely
The value of 80mol%.In special embodiment, carrier material can be doped material substitution completely in doped region.
Dopant material is preferably able to include metal oxide, wherein dopant material is preferably selected from a group, should
Group is by iron oxide, especially Fe2O3；ZrO2；Cr2O3；MgO；MnO；Sm2O3；Tb4O7；Gd2O3；Y2O3It is any with these materials
Mixture composition.
In particularly preferred configuration, carrier can have Al2O3, and doped region can have 20mol% extremely
The Fe of 100mol%2O3, preferably with 40 to 80mol% Fe2O3, especially because the mixing oxygen for the ceramics being achieved
Compound has suitable conductivity.
In another preferred configuration, oxide S m2O3；Tb4O7；Gd2O3And/or Y2O3Suitable for doping.In such case
Under, it is also able to demonstrate that and is advantageous by the doping of the composition of at least two oxides, such as so as in the temperature window selected
The alap temperature characteristics (Temperaturgang) of the resistance of the carrier material of doping is realized in mouthful.Each doping
The concentration of object can be respectively provided with the value of 0mol% to 100mol% at least one described doped region, such as particularly advantageous
The Sm that ground use ratio is 25%/50%/0%/25%2O3/Tb4O7/Gd2O3/Y2O3Combination of materials.However, other ratios
It is possible.
The width of doped region be at 10 μm to 2mm, preferably at 25 μm to 500 μm and particularly preferably at 50 μm extremely
In the range of 250 μm.In addition, the length of doped region is at 10 μm to 2mm, preferably at 25 μm to 500 μm and especially
It is preferred that in the range of 50 μm to 250 μm.In addition, the thickness of doped region be at 0.1 μm to 100 μm, preferably at 1 μm extremely
50 μm, particularly preferably in the range of 2 μm to 20 μm.
In scope of the invention, the width of doped region is interpreted as doped region in following Spatial Dimensions in principle
Size, the principal spread direction of electrode finger which is parallel to carrier surface and is contacted perpendicular to doped region.?
In scope of the invention, the length of doped region is interpreted as size of the doped region in following Spatial Dimensions, the sky in principle
Between dimension be parallel to carrier surface and be parallel to the principal spread direction for the electrode finger that doped region is contacted.In model of the invention
In farmland, the thickness of doped region is interpreted as ruler of the doped region on the Spatial Dimension extended perpendicular to carrier surface in principle
It is very little.
There is no the particle of accumulation, the conductivity of at least one doped region can be at 50 DEG C extremely
1 × 10 is in 500 DEG C of temperature range-9(Ωcm)-1To 10 (Ω cm)-1, preferably 1 × 10-8(Ωcm)-1To 1 × 10-2
(Ωcm)-1, particularly preferably 1 × 10-7(Ωcm)-1To 1 × 10-3(Ωcm)-1In the range of.
The electrode finger of first electrode device and/or second electrode device can have tortuous trend.In model of the invention
In farmland, tortuous trend is interpreted as any following trends of electrode assembly on the surface of the carrier in principle, and the trend has extremely
A few s shape and/or at least one serpentine shaped and/or at least one zigzag part.In addition, the electrode of first electrode device
Refer to and the electrode finger of second electrode device can be fitted into pectination each other.
The electrode finger of first electrode device can have spacing relative to each other, wherein the electrode finger of first electrode device exists
Spacing inside sensor element can be constant or at least change in a part of sensor element.Second electrode dress
The electrode finger set can equally have spacing relative to each other, wherein the electrode finger of second electrode device is inside sensor element
Spacing can be constant or at least change in a part of sensor element.The electrode finger of first electrode device is opposite
Can have spacing in the electrode finger of second electrode device, wherein the spacing can be inside sensor element it is constant or
At least change in a part of sensor element.
Sensor element can have at least two terminal resistances.Terminal resistance can have different values.But terminal electricity
Resistance also being capable of value all having the same.It can realize error relevant to which region if necessary in the case where different values
Distribution, and thus, it is possible to realize that the debugging functions controled in unit, the debugging functions are enough in signal analysis and processing Shi Yigeng
High accuracy realizes the relevant compensation in the region of the error.
Terminal resistance can be entirely located in following regions of sensor element, which can also be referred to as sensor member
" the cold-zone domain " of the part and particle for not being applied with measurement gas.Here, the cold-zone domain of sensor element is more particularly to including tool
Have a side of the terminal contact for cable bundle, and separate generally by means of sealed package and hot waste gas and thus also compared with
It is cold.However, the terminal resistance can be at least partially situated in following regions of sensor element, which can also be referred to as
" thermal region " of the sensor element and particle for being applied with measurement gas.May exist the actual measurement model of electrode herein
It encloses；The electrode cable of coining can be mounted in transitional region.In addition, terminal resistance can be at least partially situated at controller
In.Compared with being placed in the terminal resistance outside controller, terminal resistance is at least partially located in controller can be real
Existing higher temperature stability.
In the case where sensor element according to the present invention only has single terminal resistance, which can be disposed
In the controller.Compared with being placed in the terminal resistance outside controller, this is able to achieve higher temperature stability.But this
Terminal resistance also being capable of not being applied in the region of gas particles positioned at sensor element.In addition, this terminal resistance
Being applied in the region of gas particles for sensor element can be located at.
Sensor element is more particularly to being configured as coal soot sensor.In addition, sensor element can be received at least
In one protection pipe.
It proposes in another aspect of the invention a kind of for manufacturing the measurement gas for being used to sense in measurement gas compartment
Particle sensor element method, this approach includes the following steps, and the step is preferably according to given sequence.Principle
On also can be other sequence.Additionally it is possible to repeat one or more or all method and steps.In addition, two
Or more method and step also overlappingly can carry out or simultaneously carry out completely or partially in time.In addition to what is be previously mentioned
Except method and step, the method also can additionally include other methods step.The method step is:
A) carrier is provided；
B) first electrode device and second electrode device are applied on carrier, wherein first electrode device and the second electricity
Pole device refers to multiple electrodes；
C) at least one terminal resistance is generated on carrier or in carrier, wherein each electrode finger of first electrode device
It is connect by least one terminal resistance at least one electrode finger of second electrode device.
This method can be used particularly for manufacturing it is according to the present invention, i.e. according to one of above embodiment or according to it is following more
The sensor element of one of the embodiment of detailed description.It correspondingly, can be very big for definition and optional configuration
The explanation of reference sensor element in degree.However, other configurations are also possible in principle.
In step c), thick-layer technology is able to use to be used to terminal resistance being applied to carrier, or be able to carry out
The doping of carrier for generating at least one doped region in the carrier.It is being used to manufacture terminal resistance using thick-layer technology
When, terminal resistance can be impressed on carrier as discrete structural detail, especially be impressed on the substrate of ceramics.
The equipment proposed and the method proposed have many advantages relative to known device and method.Pass through electrode
The configuration of the configuration according to the present invention of device, especially electrode structure can improve survey for sensing compared with prior art
Measure the self diagnostic capability of the sensor element of the particle of the measurement gas in gas compartment.More particularly to individually monitor first electrode
The electrode finger of device and the electrode finger of second electrode device, are especially monitored at least frequency of 2Hz.More particularly to one
A electrode finger or several electrode fingers detect the failure in the case where breaking down and can be in remaining, intact electrode fingers
On the basis of continue to use the sensor element.
In addition, especially in the case where one or more electrode fingers break down, it compared with prior art can be by
Precision, especially measurement accuracy are improved in sensor element according to the present invention.In the case where detecting partial fault, especially
The compensation of measuring signal is implemented in the reduced sensitivity that sensor element can be corresponded to, as long as the sensitivity is not less than minimum
Value.
Furthermore it is possible to select the quantity of electrode finger as wide as possible.It can be realized faulty section in the case of a fault as a result,
The differentiation of height as far as possible between domain and intact region.It is particularly likely to, in the case where the quantity of electrode finger is big, individually
The failure of electrode finger or several electrode fingers only has small influence.Especially in the case where low loss of sensitivity, more particularly to
The failure of compensation one or a small amount of electrode finger.
In addition, terminal resistance can be located in the region for not being applied with measurement gas particles, especially in sensor element
Cold-zone domain or colder region in.In addition, terminal resistance can also be located in controller, this can be realized high temperature and stablizes
Property.
Furthermore, it is possible to when using thick-layer technology, especially when using existing thick-layer technology, in order to by electrode
Device, which is implemented on terminal resistance, does not need other changes.
Detailed description of the invention
Other optional details of the invention and feature are provided by the explanation of preferred embodiment below, the preferred embodiment
It is shown schematically in the figures.Attached drawing is shown:
The different embodiments of the sensor element according to the present invention of Fig. 1 to 3, wherein illustrate sensor element to overlook；
Fig. 4 electrode all-in resistance or self diagnosis electric current and the correlation of the quantity of the electrode finger of the failure in sensor element
Diagram；With
The viewgraph of cross-section of the different embodiments of the sensor element according to the present invention of Fig. 5 to 6.
Specific embodiment
To overlook the different embodiments for illustrating sensor element 110 according to the present invention, the biography in Fig. 1 to 3
Sensor component is used to sense the particle of the measurement gas in measurement gas compartment.It is always electric that Fig. 4 in the form of chart 130 shows electrode
The correlation of resistance 128 and self diagnosis electric current 126 and the quantity of the electrode finger 132 of failure, wherein chart 130 is related to according to this
The embodiment of the sensor element 110 of invention shown in fig. 3.Sensor element according to the present invention is shown in figs. 5 and 6
110 different embodiments, the sensor element are used to sense the particle of the measurement gas in measurement gas compartment.These attached drawings
It will illustrate together below.
Sensor element 110 is more particularly to being arranged to in the motor vehicle.In particular, measurement gas can be motor vehicle
Exhaust gas.Sensor element 110 is more particularly to including one or more other function elements being not shown, such as electricity
Pole, electrode cable and contact, multiple layers, heating element, electrochemical cell or other elements, the prior art as mentioned-above
Shown in like that.In addition, sensor element 110 can for example receive in same unshowned protection pipe.
Sensor element 110 includes carrier 112, wherein applies first electrode device 114 and second electrode device 116
Onto the carrier 112.There are multiple electrodes to refer to 118 for first electrode device 114 and second electrode device 116, wherein first electrode
Each electrode finger 118 of device 114 passes through at least one electrode of at least one terminal resistance 120 and second electrode device 116
Refer to 118 connections.
As shown in Figure 5, at least one described terminal resistance 120 can be applied to carrier as discrete structural detail
On 112.However, as shown in Figure 6, at least one described terminal resistance 120 can also be configured as the doping inside carrier 112
Region 122 also will be explained in the doped region below.
In these preferred embodiments, carrier 112 can include at least one ceramic material as carrier material.Especially
Its ground, carrier 112 can include aluminium oxide, especially Al2O3.In addition, carrier 112 can include at least one electrically insulating material.
Carrier 112 can include at least one doped region 122, wherein as shown in Figure 6, the doped region 122 contact
At least the one of the electrode finger 118 of at least one section and second electrode device 116 of the electrode finger 118 of first electrode device 114
A section.In particular, doped region 122 can also contact all electrode fingers 118 of first electrode device 114 a section or
One section of all electrode fingers 118 of multiple sections and second electrode device 116 or multiple sections.First electrode device 114
Electrode finger 118 contact doping region 122 section and second electrode device 116 electrode finger 118 contact doping region
Section can with the doped region 122 be in electrical contact in.
Carrier 112 can at least one described doped region 122 have be introduced into ceramic material foreign atom,
Especially metallic atom, wherein metal impurities atom replaces one of the metallic atom in the ceramic material for including carrier 112
Point.Doped region 122 can include the ceramic material of at least one doping as a result, especially doped with the oxygen of metal oxide
Change aluminium.However, other oxides are also possible.Therefore, carrier 112 can be at least one described doped region 122
Doped with dopant material, wherein dopant material indicates the oxide ceramic for being equipped with metal impurities atom.Dopant material is preferably able to
Including metal oxide, wherein dopant material is preferably selected from a group, and the group is by iron oxide, especially Fe2O3；
ZrO2；Cr2O3；MgO；MnO,Sm2O3、Tb4O7、Gd2O3、Y2O3It is formed with any mixture of these materials.
In addition, dopant material can have 1mol% to 100mol%, preferably at least one described doped region 122
For the concentration of 10mol% to 90mol%, particularly preferably 20mol% to 80mol%.In particular, carrier 112 can have
Al2O3, and doped region 122 can have 40 to 80mol% Fe2O3。
The width b of doped region 122 is at 10 μm to 2mm, preferably at 25 μm to 500 μm, particularly preferably at 50 μm
To in the range of 250 μm.In addition, the length of doped region be at 10 μm to 2mm, preferably 25 μm to 500 μm, it is especially excellent
It is selected in the range of 50 μm to 250 μm.In addition, the thickness d of doped region be at 0.1 μm to 100 μm, preferably at 1 μm extremely
50 μm, particularly preferably in the range of 2 to 20 μm.The width b and thickness d of doped region are shown in FIG. 6.Accumulation is being not present
Particle in the case where, in 50 DEG C to 500 DEG C of temperature range, the conductivity of at least one doped region be may be at
1×10-9(Ωcm)-1To 10 (Ω cm)-1, preferably 1 × 10-8(Ωcm)-1To 1 × 10-2(Ωcm)-1, particularly preferably 1 ×
10-7(Ωcm)-1To 1 × 10-3(Ωcm)-1In the range of.
The electrode finger 118 of first electrode device 114 and/or the electrode finger 118 of second electrode device 116 can have complications
Move towards 124.Fig. 1 and 2 shows tortuous two examples for moving towards 124.The electrode finger 118 of first electrode device 114 and
The electrode finger 118 of two electrode assemblies 116 can have multiple other tortuous trends.In addition, as shown in Fig. 1-3,5 and 6, the
The electrode finger 118 of one electrode assembly 114 and the electrode finger 118 of second electrode device 116 can be fitted into pectination each other.
As shown in Fig. 1-3,5 and 6, sensor element 110 can have at least two terminal resistances 120.Terminal resistance
120 can have different values.But terminal resistance 120 also being capable of value all having the same.
The electrode finger 118 of first electrode device 114 can have spacing a relative to each other, wherein as shown in Figure 3, first
The spacing a of the electrode finger 118 of electrode assembly 114 can be constant inside sensor element 110, or can at least pass
Change in a part of sensor component 110.The electrode finger 118 of second electrode device 116 can have spacing c relative to each other,
In, as shown in Figure 3, the spacing c of the electrode finger 118 of second electrode device 116 can be constant inside sensor element 110
, or can at least change in a part of sensor element 110.The electrode finger 118 of first electrode device 114 relative to
The electrode finger 118 of second electrode device 116 can have spacing e, wherein as shown in Figure 3, spacing e is in sensor element 110
Inside can be constant, or can at least change in a part of sensor element 110.
Terminal resistance 120 can be entirely located in the region for the particle for not being applied with measurement gas of sensor element 110.
However, terminal resistance 120 can be at least partially situated at the region of the particle for being applied with measurement gas of sensor element 110
In.In addition, one or more terminal resistances of existing terminal resistance 120 can be located in controller not shown in the figure.
In scope of the invention, electrode all-in resistance is interpreted as through first electrode device, passes through second electrode device, logical
Cross the resistance of at least one terminal resistance and the circuit formed as necessary by other structures element.Electrode all-in resistance can be in 1M
In the range of Ω to 150M Ω, preferably in the range of 2M Ω to 75M Ω and particularly preferably in the range of 5M Ω to 50M Ω
It is interior.Based on the low resistance of two electrode assemblies, electrode all-in resistance usually consists essentially of terminal resistance or for there are multiple ends
The case where holding resistance includes the summation of these terminal resistances, which marks below isges。
There is n electrode finger 118 in total for according to the present invention shown in Fig. 3 more particularly to calculate as follows
Sensor element 110 embodiment existing terminal resistance 120 all-in resistance Rges:
Wherein, it is the electrode finger 118 of n/2 that first electrode device 114, which has quantity, wherein second electrode device 116 also has
Having quantity is the electrode finger 118 of n/2, and, wherein each electrode finger 118 of first electrode device 114 passes through at least one end
Hold resistance Ri(120) it is connect at least one electrode finger 118 of second electrode device.Terminal resistance Ri120 can be all with identical
Value R0.Following all-in resistance R is obtained in this casegesCalculation:
Rges/R0=1/n (3)
Furthermore it is possible to which calculate has n electrode finger for according to the present invention shown in Fig. 3 as follows in total
The all-in resistance R of the embodiment of the sensor element 110 of electrode finger 118 in the case where 118 with m failureges,
Wherein, first electrode device 114 have quantity be n/2, may be intact or at least partly failure electrode
Refer to 118, wherein second electrode device 116 equally with quantity be n/2, may be intact or at least partly failure electricity
Pole refers to 118, and, wherein each electrode finger 118 of first electrode device 114 passes through at least one terminal resistance Ri120 and
At least one electrode finger 118 of two electrode assemblies connects: terminal resistance Ri120 being capable of value R all having the same0.For this feelings
Condition obtains following all-in resistance RgesCalculation:
Rges/R0=1/ (n-m) (6)
Sensor element 110 is more particularly to being configured as coal soot sensor.In addition, sensor element 110 can receive
In at least one protection pipe not shown in the figure.
For self diagnosis, can temporarily, at least apply between first electrode device 114 and second electrode device 116
Voltage is measured, and self diagnosis electric current 126 and/or electrode all-in resistance 128 can be measured.Self diagnosis electric current 126 flows through the first electricity
Pole device 114, second electrode device 116 and at least one terminal resistance 120.Self diagnosis electric current 126 can be sensor element
The measurement of the quality of 110 functionality and/or sensor element 110.
Fig. 4 illustrates chart 130, and autodiagnosis relevant to the quantity of electrode finger 132 of failure is shown in the chart
Power-off stream 126, and electrode all-in resistance 128 relevant to the quantity of electrode finger 132 of failure.Chart 130 in Fig. 4 is related to passing
The embodiment shown in fig. 3 of sensor component 110.The quantity of electrode finger 132 about failure draws electric current 134, and
The quantity of electrode finger 132 about failure draws resistance 136.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of sensor element (110), the sensor element is used to sense the particle of the measurement gas in measurement gas compartment,
Wherein, the sensor element (110) includes carrier (112), wherein first electrode dress is applied on the carrier (112)
Set (114) and second electrode device (116), wherein the first electrode device (114) and the second electrode device (116)
It is respectively provided with multiple electrodes and refers to (118), wherein each electrode finger (118) of the first electrode device (114) passes through at least one
A terminal resistance (120) connect at least one electrode finger (118) of the second electrode device (116).
2. according to sensor element described in previous claim (110), wherein the carrier (112) includes that at least one is mixed
Miscellaneous region (122), wherein the doped region (122) contacts the electrode finger (118) of the first electrode device (114) extremely
At least one section of the electrode finger (118) of a few section and the second electrode device (116).
3. according to sensor element described in previous claim (110), wherein the carrier (112) it is described at least one
Doped at least one dopant material in doped region (122), wherein the dopant material is selected from a group, the group
By iron oxide, ZrO2、Cr2O3、MgO、MnO、Sm2O3、Tb4O7、Gd2O3And Y2O3Composition.
4. according to sensor element described in previous claim (110), wherein the dopant material it is described at least one mix
Exist in miscellaneous region (122) with the concentration of 1mol% to 100mol%.
5. the sensor element (110) according to any one of first three items claim, wherein at least one described doped region
Domain (122) is with 10 μm to the width of 2mm and/or 10 μm to the length of 2mm and/or 0.1 μm to 100 μm of thickness.
6. the sensor element (110) according to any one of preceding four claims, wherein at least one described doped region
Domain (122) has 1 × 10 in 50 DEG C to 500 DEG C of temperature range-9(Ωcm)-1To 10 (Ω cm)-1Conductivity.
7. sensor element (110) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor element (110)
With at least two terminal resistances (120).
8. sensor element (110) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two terminal resistance
(120) it is respectively provided with value different from each other.
9. sensor element (110) according to claim 6, wherein at least two terminal resistance (120) has phase
Same value.
10. sensor element (110) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein terminal resistance (120) quilt
It is introduced into controller.
11. sensor element (110) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein electrode all-in resistance is at least institute
State the resistance of first electrode device (114), the resistance of the second electrode device (116) and at least one described terminal resistance
(120) all-in resistance RgesSummation, the electrode all-in resistance have 1M Ω to 150M Ω value.
12. the method for the sensor element (110) for manufacturing the particle for sensing the measurement gas in measurement gas compartment,
In, it the described method comprises the following steps:
A) carrier (112) are provided；
B) first electrode device (114) and second electrode device (116) are applied on the carrier (112), wherein described
One electrode assembly (114) and the second electrode device (116) include that multiple electrodes refer to (118)；
C) at least one terminal resistance (120) is generated on the carrier (112) or in the carrier, wherein first electricity
Each electrode finger (118) of pole device (114) passes through at least one terminal resistance (120) and the second electrode device (116)
At least one electrode finger (118) connection.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016220832.2A DE102016220832A1 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2016-10-24 | Sensor element for detecting particles of a measuring gas in a measuring gas chamber |
| DE102016220832.2 | 2016-10-24 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/075907 WO2018077615A1 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2017-10-11 | Sensor element for detecting particles of a measuring gas in a measuring gas chamber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109891211A true CN109891211A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109891211B CN109891211B (en) | 2023-02-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780065827.2A Active CN109891211B (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2017-10-11 | Sensor element for sensing particles of a measurement gas in a measurement gas chamber |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20190071719A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN109891211B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016220832A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018077615A1 (en) |
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| DE102009028239A1 (en) | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for self-diagnosis of a particle sensor |
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2016
- 2016-10-24 DE DE102016220832.2A patent/DE102016220832A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2017
- 2017-10-11 KR KR1020197011708A patent/KR20190071719A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2017-10-11 WO PCT/EP2017/075907 patent/WO2018077615A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-10-11 CN CN201780065827.2A patent/CN109891211B/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102016220832A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 |
| KR20190071719A (en) | 2019-06-24 |
| WO2018077615A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
| CN109891211B (en) | 2023-02-17 |
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