CN109889707B - Paper sheet imaging system - Google Patents

Paper sheet imaging system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109889707B
CN109889707B CN201910107523.9A CN201910107523A CN109889707B CN 109889707 B CN109889707 B CN 109889707B CN 201910107523 A CN201910107523 A CN 201910107523A CN 109889707 B CN109889707 B CN 109889707B
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thin
flexible
circuit
lens array
detector
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CN109889707A (en
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张月
秦飞
邓红艳
张学敏
薛芳
赵号
邬志强
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Beijing Institute of Space Research Mechanical and Electricity
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Beijing Institute of Space Research Mechanical and Electricity
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Abstract

A sheet imaging system comprising a thin flexible lens array, a thin flexible detector, a thin flexible integrated circuit; the scene light is converged on the thin flexible detector through the thin flexible lens array to be subjected to photoelectric conversion, and the electric signal is stored as image information through the thin flexible integrated circuit. The invention adopts an innovative configuration of 'high-efficiency modulation thin and flexible lens array + high-performance thin and flexible detector + high-integration-level thin and flexible integrated circuit' for the first time, can be used for an ultra-flat imaging device of a two-dimensional membrane spacecraft for wrapping and removing space debris, can also be used for monitoring earth mining areas such as moon, mars and the like, can also be used for unfolding monitoring solar sails, sun shields and the like, can also be attached to a lander support to realize the monitoring of a landing process and the like, and can also be used for an ultra-thin flexible mobile phone, an ultra-thin flexible television, a pocket camera, a wristwatch type camera and the like.

Description

Paper sheet imaging system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a paper sheet imaging system, in particular to an innovative and ultrathin flexible imaging method, which is an innovative and novel system combining an efficient modulation thin and flexible lens array, a high-performance thin and flexible detector and a high-integration thin and flexible circuit.
Background
At present, the ultra-light small-sized optical camera is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, mobile phone digital codes and the like, and from a hectogram Chang' e monitoring camera to a gram-sized mobile phone camera, the traditional optical lens assembly and a detection device are adopted, so that some application limitations still exist.
2016 advanced NASA innovationConcept (NIAC) plan supported two-dimensional membrane spacecraft for in-orbit packing of space debris and removal, required the deployment of flexible, gram-weight, micron-thickness, super-leather new cameras. The concept design scheme of the membrane spacecraft is as follows: size of about 1m2With a mass of about 35g and a thickness of about 30 μm, 2kg of space debris was removed. At present, the membrane spacecraft is still in a system concept deep research stage, and the concept research of the ultra-flat camera carried on the membrane spacecraft is not carried out. The traditional optical lens assembly and the detector can certainly not meet the design requirement of the ultra-flat camera, and the ultra-new camera which can be folded and bent at will, has gram-grade quality and micron or centimeter-grade thickness and can image all space debris in a certain view field and a certain distance needs to be researched and developed.
Common mobile phones, liquid crystal televisions and the like in the market are all non-deformable, and although flexible display screens thinner than paper are produced, the flexible display screens are limited by non-foldable and non-bendable circuit boards, batteries and the like, and the flexibility of the mobile phones and the liquid crystal televisions cannot be realized. This creates application drawbacks and limitations, such as: the intelligent mobile phone has high screen breaking probability, the mobile phone cannot deform in real time along with the movement of a body when placed in a pocket, and the flat-panel television cannot deform according to the change of the sight distance, so that the watching comfort level is reduced, and the like. In addition, ultra-thinning and ultra-lightening of mobile phones, televisions and the like are also main application requirements in the future. In addition, the lenses of the mobile phones with high imaging quality are all convex, because the number of the lenses of the mobile phone camera must be increased for realizing high-quality imaging. Therefore, how to realize flexible imaging with large field of view, long focal length and high resolution becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, and the paper sheet imaging system is provided, and can realize ultrathin, ultralight, variable large visual field, variable focal length and high-resolution flexible imaging.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a sheet imaging system comprising: a thin flexible lens array, a thin flexible detector, a thin flexible integrated circuit; the scene light is converged on the thin flexible detector through the thin flexible lens array to be subjected to photoelectric conversion, and the electric signal is stored as image information through the thin flexible integrated circuit.
The flexible integrated circuit comprises a control system circuit, a data collecting circuit and a data transmitting circuit; the control system circuit, the data collecting circuit and the data transmitting circuit are all arranged on the circuit substrate; the control system circuit is used for controlling the reading of the electric signals, the data collecting circuit is used for collecting the data of the electric signals, and the data transmitting circuit is used for transmitting the electric signals.
The circuit substrate is a flexible polymer substrate or a thinned silicon substrate.
The thin and flexible lens array, the thin and flexible detector and the circuit substrate can be bent, and a 0-170-degree view field is realized.
The thin flexible lens array is positioned above the thin flexible detector, and the thin flexible detector is positioned at the focal plane position of the thin flexible lens array and is used for receiving the light rays converged by the thin flexible lens array; the circuit substrate is connected with the thin flexible detector, is positioned at the lower part of the thin flexible detector and is used for controlling, collecting and transmitting electric signals to form image data information.
The thin and flexible lens array comprises a graphene oxide substrate and a concentric wave band plate structure; the graphene oxide substrate is etched with a concentric wave band plate structure to form a substructure unit, and the plurality of substructure units form a thin and flexible lens array.
And the graphene oxide substrate is reduced by laser induction.
The concentric wave band plate structure adopts a form of a sub-period composite structure grating.
The thin flexible detector comprises a photoelectric response medium, a refractive index medium, a reflecting layer, an electrode and a substrate; the photoelectric response medium is clamped between two layers of refractive index media to form a Fabry-Perot-like resonant cavity; the electrode is arranged on the photoelectric response medium; the substrate is positioned below the reflecting layer;
light enters the thin flexible detector, passes through the upper layer of refractive index medium, is absorbed by the photoelectric response medium, enters the lower layer of refractive index medium, is reflected by the reflecting layer, is transmitted along the opposite path, and is absorbed again by the photoelectric response medium, so that the light reciprocates to form effective constraint on signal light.
The photoelectric response medium, the refractive index medium, the reflecting layer and the substrate are made of graphene materials, the refractive index medium is a high-refractive index medium, and the electrode is made of a metal conducting material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention adopts an innovative paper sheet imaging system consisting of a high-efficiency modulation thin and flexible lens or lens array, a high-performance thin and flexible detector and a high-integration thin and flexible integrated circuit, provides a technical approach for ultrathin and flexible imaging, can realize random folding and bending, gram-grade quality and micrometer-grade or centimeter-grade thickness, and can clearly image a scene in a certain field of view and a certain distance.
According to the invention, the efficient modulation thin and flexible lens or lens array adopts a laser-induced reduction graphene oxide material, and is assisted with femtosecond processing to realize a concentric band plate structure ring, so that the refractive index and the absorption coefficient of the graphene oxide can be simultaneously modulated, and the capability of accurately controlling the optical phase and the intensity is achieved.
The high-performance thin flexible detector adopts a sandwich structure similar to a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, realizes multiple resonance of signal light in the structure, forms effective constraint on the signal light, and can effectively improve the light energy utilization efficiency and the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
The invention relates to a high-integration thin flexible integrated circuit, which adopts a method of etching a control system circuit, a data collecting circuit and a data transmitting circuit on a brand new flexible polymer substrate, so that the circuit can be bent and the circuit connectivity can be ensured to be kept completely.
The invention adopts the innovative configuration of 'high-efficiency modulation thin and flexible lens array + high-performance thin and flexible detector + high-integration thin and flexible integrated circuit' for the first time, can be folded and bent randomly like paper, has ultra-light weight and ultra-small thickness, and can realize large visual field and variable focal length imaging within a certain distance. The ultra-flat imaging device can be used as an ultra-flat imaging device of a two-dimensional film spacecraft, and is used for space debris wrapping and removing process monitoring or assisting the two-dimensional film spacecraft in realizing shielding, wrapping removal and the like of a non-cooperative spacecraft; can be attached to a mechanical arm for monitoring earth mining areas such as moon, mars and the like; the device can be attached to the outer side of a spacecraft and is used for monitoring the expansion of a solar sail, a sun shield and the like; the landing device can be attached to a lander bracket to realize the monitoring of the landing process; the device can be used on a mechanical arm of a space station to monitor the extravehicular activities of astronauts; the device can be attached to a space station to realize monitoring of activities in a spacecraft cabin and the like. And the device can also be used for ultrathin flexible mobile phones, ultrathin flexible televisions, pocket cameras, wrist watch cameras and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the thin and flexible lens array with high modulation efficiency of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the high performance thin flexible detector of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the field-of-view operation of the high performance thin flexible detector of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The system composition of a paper sheet imaging system of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and mainly comprises a thin flexible lens array 1, a thin flexible detector 2 and a thin flexible integrated circuit 3.
The thin and flexible lens array 1 comprises a graphene oxide substrate 4, a concentric wave band plate structure 5, a substructure unit 6 and a unit array 7. The graphene oxide substrate 4 is laser-induced reduction graphene oxide, a concentric zone plate structure 5 is etched on the graphene oxide substrate to form a substructure unit 6, and a plurality of substructure units in the form of concentric zone plates form a unit array 7 to form the thin and flexible lens array 1. The concentric zone plate structure 5 takes the form of a sub-periodic composite structure grating.
The thin flexible detector 2 comprises a photoelectric response medium 8, a high-refractive-index medium 9, a reflecting layer 10, an electrode 11 and a substrate 12. The double-layer high refractive index medium 9 and the graphene-based photoelectric response material 8 form a Fabry-Perot-like resonant cavity. Light enters the thin flexible detector 2, passes through the upper layer of high-refractive-index medium 9, is absorbed by the photoelectric response medium 8, enters the lower layer of high-refractive-index medium 9, is reflected by the reflecting layer 10, is transmitted along the opposite path, and is absorbed again by the photoelectric response medium 8, so that the light is reflected and reflected, the signal light is effectively bound, and the light energy utilization efficiency and the photoelectric conversion efficiency are improved.
The ultra-thin flexible integrated circuit 3 comprises a brand-new flexible polymer substrate 13, a control system circuit 14, a data collection circuit 15 and a data transmission circuit 16. The control system circuit 14, the data collecting circuit 15, and the data transmitting circuit 16 are formed on a completely new flexible polymer substrate 13, transmit the current formed by the thin flexible probe 2, and have a thin flexibility characteristic.
The laser-induced reduction graphene oxide material with the characteristics of thinness, flexibility and transparency is used as a substrate. On the substrate, the femtosecond processing is adopted to realize the concentric wave band sheet structure 5, so that the accurate control of light intensity and phase can be realized, and the ring scene image can be realized. The scene light characteristics transmitted through the thin flexible lens array 1 can be set by changing the pitch, diameter and number of concentric rings of the concentric wave band plates 5, and can be further adjusted during the bending process of the thin flexible lens array 1. The ultrathin flexible detector 2 is realized by utilizing the excellent photoelectric response characteristic of the graphene material, and the working distance can be in the order of hundreds of meters by controlling the size of a graphene oxide plane microstructure and the total size of a lens in the design and processing process; the whole thickness of the imaging system is in the centimeter magnitude, and the working wavelength can cover visible near infrared.
The composition of an ultrathin high-efficiency modulation lens or a lens array 1 in a paper sheet imaging system is shown in figure 2, the basic design configuration of a concentric wave band sheet is adopted, and the graphene oxide light-induced reduction technology is utilized to realize effective modulation on the intensity and phase of transmitted light, so that an ultrathin flexible and bendable array lens is realized; the wide-spectrum dispersion eliminating capability is realized by utilizing the mode of the sub-period composite structure grating, so that the imaging capability of the graphene oxide thin and flexible lens array 1 from visible to infrared wide spectrum is realized; the working visual angle of the imaging system is improved through the design of the sub-structure unit and the phase control of the imaging signal, and the imaging capability of a large visual field is realized.
The working principle schematic diagram of the high-performance thin flexible detector 3 in the paper sheet imaging system and method is shown in fig. 3, and the light energy utilization efficiency of the graphene material is greatly improved by adopting a Fabry-Perot-like resonant cavity form; the basic structure configuration is as follows: in the basic configuration of the field effect tube photoelectric detector, graphene is used as a photosensitive material, and a high-refractive-index material 9 is used for coating the graphene to form a sandwich structure; when the signal light irradiates the detector, the signal light can pass through the graphene material after being reflected for multiple times on the photosensitive layer of the detector due to the resonance effect, so that the effective absorption and detection of the signal light are realized.
The schematic view of the field-variable working principle of the high-performance thin flexible detector in the paper sheet imaging system is shown in fig. 4, in a general imaging system, the number of detector pixels is a fixed value, the field of view is increased, the receiving range of each pixel is increased, and the resolution ratio is naturally reduced. In the invention, as the imaging field of view is increased, the imaging resolution is almost unchanged, and the specific analysis is as follows: (1) the initial (namely 0 degree view field) pixel size of the thin flexible detector 3 is smaller, the number of pixels is more, but the receiving energy caused by a single small pixel is low, and the imaging resolution is low, so that a plurality of pixels are combined into one pixel for use, and high-resolution imaging is realized. (2) With the increase of the field of view, the size of the pixels becomes larger, the number of the pixels used in combination is inversely related to the increased field of view multiple, that is, if the field of view is increased by 3 times, the pixels of the thin flexible detector 3 are also changed into 3 times of the original number, then the number of the pixels used in combination is changed into 1/3 of the original field of view, but the total image receiving area is unchanged, and the imaging resolution is almost the same as that before the field of view is changed.
The working principle schematic diagram of the paper sheet imaging system is shown in fig. 5, when the system is deformed by external force and attached objects or placed space, the thin flexible lens array 1, the thin flexible detector 2 and the thin flexible integrated circuit 3 of the system can be deformed at the same time and in the same amplitude, so that the angle of the field of view of the system is changed, and the resolution of the obtained image is the same as that before the field of view is changed.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.

Claims (3)

1. A sheet imaging system, comprising: the device comprises a thin and flexible lens array (1), a thin and flexible detector (2) and a thin and flexible integrated circuit (3); scene light is converged on a thin flexible detector (2) through a thin flexible lens array (1) to be subjected to photoelectric conversion, and electric signals are stored as image information through a thin flexible integrated circuit (3);
the flexible integrated circuit (3) comprises a control system circuit (14), a data collecting circuit (15) and a data transmitting circuit (16); the control system circuit (14), the data collecting circuit (15) and the data transmitting circuit (16) are all arranged on the circuit substrate; the control system circuit (14) is used for controlling the reading of the electric signals, the collection data circuit (15) is used for collecting the data of the electric signals, and the transmission data circuit (16) is used for transmitting the electric signals;
the circuit substrate is a flexible polymer substrate (13) or a thinned silicon substrate;
the thin and flexible lens array (1), the thin and flexible detector (2) and the circuit substrate can be bent, so that a 0-170-degree view field is realized;
the thin and flexible lens array (1) is positioned above the thin and flexible detector (2), and the thin and flexible detector (2) is positioned at the focal plane position of the thin and flexible lens array (1) and is used for receiving the light rays converged by the thin and flexible lens array (1); the circuit substrate is connected with the thin flexible detector (2), is positioned at the lower part of the thin flexible detector (2) and is used for controlling, collecting and transmitting electric signals to form image data information;
the thin and flexible lens array (1) comprises a graphene oxide substrate (4) and a concentric wave band plate structure (5); etching a concentric zone plate structure (5) on a graphene oxide substrate (4) to form a substructure unit (6), wherein a plurality of substructure units (6) form a thin flexible lens array (1);
the concentric wave band plate structure (5) adopts a form of a sub-period composite structure grating;
the thin flexible detector (2) comprises a photoelectric response medium (8), a refractive index medium (9), a reflecting layer (10), an electrode (11) and a substrate (12); the photoelectric response medium (8) is clamped between two layers of refractive index media (9) to form a Fabry-Perot-like resonant cavity; the electrode (11) is arranged on the photoelectric response medium (8); the substrate (12) is positioned below the reflecting layer (10);
the light enters the thin flexible detector (2), passes through the upper layer of refractive index medium (9), is absorbed by the photoelectric response medium (8), enters the lower layer of refractive index medium (9), is reflected by the reflecting layer (10), is transmitted along the opposite path, and is absorbed again by the photoelectric response medium (8), so that the light reciprocates to form effective constraint on signal light.
2. A sheet imaging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the graphene oxide substrate (4) is reduced by adopting laser induction.
3. A sheet imaging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric response medium (8), the refractive index medium (9), the reflecting layer (10) and the substrate (12) are made of graphene materials, the refractive index medium (9) is a high-refractive-index medium, and the electrode (11) is made of a metal conducting material.
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