CN109888471A - A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna and its working method - Google Patents

A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna and its working method Download PDF

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CN109888471A
CN109888471A CN201910084346.7A CN201910084346A CN109888471A CN 109888471 A CN109888471 A CN 109888471A CN 201910084346 A CN201910084346 A CN 201910084346A CN 109888471 A CN109888471 A CN 109888471A
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optical
radio frequency
center
space communication
main radio
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CN109888471B (en
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程文雍
李晓芳
李大振
杨厚文
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antennas and its working method, belong to space communication field, including main radio frequency surface, center spherical surface optical surface, secondary reflection mirror, spherical aberration correction device, vertex optical bench and feed;Main radio frequency surface is hemispherical, and main radio frequency surface is provided with coating panel, and center spherical surface optical surface is located at the center on main radio frequency surface, is provided with optical receiver in the optical bench of vertex;Main radio frequency surface, center spherical surface optical surface, secondary reflection mirror, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench are supported by support construction.The present invention, which can synchronize, realizes radio communication and laser space communication operation, the data transfer rate that can effectively improve communications increases, it also reduces and individual radio-frequency antenna and optical antenna bring cost and Operating Complexity is respectively set, transmission data rate is big, good confidentiality, is suitable for space communication especially field of deep space communication.

Description

A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna and its working method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antennas and its working method, belong to space communication skill Art field.
Background technique
Traditional space communication is to utilize radiofrequency signal, and laser space communication is recognized extensively because of its high data transmission rate To be that future space explores important technology development field.Optical communication link is best suited for high-speed, the downloading of the data of large capacity, Also have many advantages, such as good confidentiality, electromagnetism interference.Many countries are all carrying out laser space communication research at present.
102891358 A of Chinese patent literature CN is disclosed " a kind of radio-frequency antenna ", and the setting of polyhedral structure side is multiple Radiofrequency antenna made of metamaterial allows the radiofrequency antenna made of metamaterial on each side of polyhedron independently to cover specific region, real Existing certain space or the preferable signal covering of the total space, being capable of the larger integral radiation efficiency for improving radio-frequency antenna.
109167189 A of Chinese patent literature CN discloses " a kind of satellite antenna ", including antenna pot and chassis, and Piezoelectric energy collector is set on the chassis below antenna pot, converts electric energy for the vibration of antenna pot and recycles, economize on resources.
105449372 A of Chinese patent literature CN discloses " a kind of optical antenna based on visible light communication ", has small In the LED collimation lens of 5 ° of light emitting angles, the visible light communication of overlength distance is realized, is suitable for wireless communication at a distance and passes Defeated system.
105827310 A of Chinese patent literature CN discloses that " a kind of multipoint laser communication based on wide-angle beam expanding lens is used up Learn antenna ", the echo signal in orientation complete cycle, pitching polarizers of big angle scope is received using the realization of wide-angle beam expanding lens, is utilized Double wedge groups are carried out while being tracked to multiple targets, using cassette shrink beam system, the light beam that large-aperture optical antenna is received Bore is compressed, and the bore of follow-up system is reduced, and is reduced fabrication design difficulty and is conducive to the small light of optical system, has Conducive to dimensional orientation very close to multiple communication targets carry out laser communication simultaneously.
Above patent document all only provides single radio-frequency antenna or optical antenna, cannot synchronize and realize optic communication and penetrate Frequency traffic operation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna and its work Method, in conjunction with the severe weather conditions stable operation advantage of big data rate the transmission advantage and radio frequency link of optical communication link, together Step realizes optic communication and radio communication operation.
Term is explained:
ITO coating: also commonly referred to as ITO electro-conductive glass is utilized on the basis of sodium calcium base or silicon boryl substrate glass A variety of methods such as sputtering, evaporation plate indium oxide layer tin (being commonly called as ITO) film and manufacture.The main ingredient of ITO coating It is tin indium oxide, is indium tin oxide transparent conductive semiconductor coating.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, including main radio frequency surface, center Spherical optics surface, secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device, vertex optical bench and feed;
The main radio frequency surface is hemispherical, can also be close to hemispherical, and the main radio frequency surface is provided with coating panel, For providing radio frequency and optical reflection;The center spherical surface optical surface is located at the center on the main radio frequency surface, the center Spherical optics surface is disposed with the secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench, described It is provided with optical receiver in the optical bench of vertex, directly optical signal is handled, reduces optical link and radio frequency link Between interference;
The main radio frequency surface, center spherical surface optical surface, secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optics work Make platform to support by support construction, the support construction includes being used to support secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and top Four foot of the hinge type primary mirror support of point optical bench and the bottom for being used to support main radio frequency surface and center spherical surface optical surface Seat supports.Support construction, such as four foot support frame of hinge type primary mirror, it is necessary to not interfere the necessary structural elements of existing antenna Mode is implemented, and the greatest optical principal focal distance of antenna of the invention can be supported by first positioning the pedestal on the main radio frequency surface of antenna, Then the support of operation four foot of hinge type primary mirror is to realize.
In order to obtain maximum flexibility, main radio frequency surface can be divided into four big group, and every group of zone of action is only limitted to not The region covered by antenna vertex structure or related support structure.
Preferably, the main radio frequency table face includes that nine rows aluminize coating panel, and every row aluminizes coating panel along the circumferential direction Arrangement, annular in shape, remoter from main radio frequency centre of surface, the radius of circular coating panel of aluminizing is bigger.
Preferably, the coating panel of aluminizing is made of the glass panel of a large amount of hexagonal structures, the side length of glass panel For 0.6~1m etc., smaller size can have drawn from inexpensive reflecting telescope, and larger size can have drawn from suitable inexpensive mirror The most wide useful size of blank material material, anodic oxidation aluminized coating is plated on the glass panel surface, and covers one layer of durable coating, durable painting Layer such as TiO2/SiO2, lasting and suitable optics and radio frequency reflection, to provide radio frequency and optical reflection.
Preferably, the main radio frequency surface is divided into four big groups, every group is made of multiple pieces of glass panel, every piece of glass surface Plate is a minor structure, and the center of hexagonal structure is the center of minor structure, the line at the center of minor structure to secondary reflector Perpendicular to glass panel, the minor structure can be tilted and be moved on the vector axis at the center at its center to secondary reflector, Its process is that normal direction movement is controlled using the vector length at minor structure center and secondary reflector center, utilizes the vector length Rotary motion is controlled with perpendicular to main radio frequency surface and by the vector angle of central point, is achieved in the inclination and shifting of minor structure It is dynamic, to compensate the variation that antenna structure occurs under the conditions ofs the different elevations angle, temperature etc., herein, the present invention to realize inclination and The mechanical structure of move mode can flexible design according to the actual situation, the prior art can be used, as long as being able to achieve above-mentioned movement i.e. Can, such as cooperated using threaded rod, universal shaft.
Preferably, in order to accommodate center spherical surface optical surface, the aluminize center of coating panel of nine rows two rows of (is penetrated from master The nearest two rows of frequency centre of surface) it removes as optical region, the center spherical surface optical surface is located on optical region position, The center spherical surface optical surface is made of 64 reflecting mirrors, is divided into 4 units, and each unit includes 16 reflecting mirrors, often A reflecting mirror includes that three actuators and a support plate, each unit are supported by frame assembly, the support plate of each reflecting mirror It is connected in the pedestal support on the main radio frequency surface by frame assembly.Actuator is used to execute and control the inclination of reflecting mirror Angle and movement are connected with pedestal support, and the specific structure of actuator can be selected according to the prior art, and frame assembly offer can connect The rigidity received, to resist movement caused by the gravitational load on antenna different directions.
Center spherical surface optical surface of the invention and its related sub-structures, such as reflecting mirror, actuator, support plate, exist Above the position of main radio frequency surface, in order to simplify maintenance or debugging, minor structure can be fixed by bolts, is aligned and position Weldering, rather than use full weldering.
Preferably, the secondary reflector includes the optics annular meniscus lens at center and the radio frequency reflection portion of aluminium coated Point, effective radio frequency reflection is provided;The optics annular meniscus lens surface is coated with ITO coating, and ITO coating can be believed through light Number and effective radio frequency reflection is provided, realize optics and radio frequency separation, cover one layer of argon coating, argon coating on the ITO coating Effect be increase optical signal transmitance.
Preferably, the spherical aberration correction device is arranged between the secondary reflector and vertex optical bench, institute It states vertex optical bench to communicate with spherical aberration correction device, the optical signal of center spherical surface optical surface reflection, through spherical aberration It is directed into vertex optical bench after corrector, optical receiver is set in the optical bench of vertex, directly optical signal is carried out Processing, reduces the interference between optical link and radio frequency link;The spherical aberration correction device includes shell, multiple reflecting mirrors The intrinsic spherical aberration in main radio frequency surface, the additional picture that correction lens apply can be corrected using three balsaming lens with three balsaming lens Difference, and the radio frequency amount for reaching optical receiver is minimized.
In the present invention, spherical aberration correction device and its shell are mounted on secondary counter in the case where not changing antenna structure Between emitter and vertex optical bench, the shell of spherical aberration correction device connects with secondary reflector, rationally utilizes antenna top Portion space makes spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench have enough height;Among in spherical aberration correction device Reflecting mirror be it is flat, can be tilted at a predetermined angle according to antenna elevation angle and atmospheric conditions, spherical aberration correction device may be provided at It inside secondary reflector, and is protected, therefore can be worked under daytime and night conditions by shell, without being covered according to weather condition And opening.
Preferably, the feed is located at the center spherical surface at the radiofrequency signal convergence that the secondary reflector reflects The central area of optical surface is connected with pedestal support.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of working method of above-mentioned space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, light It learns in link, the optical signal from signal transmitting terminal passes through secondary reflector after center spherical surface optical surface is received and reflected The optics annular meniscus lens at center reaches spherical aberration correction device, enters after completing aberration correction positioned at vertex optical bench Optical receiver, received by optical receiver and carry out subsequent processing;
In radio frequency link, the radiofrequency signal from signal transmitting terminal receives through main radio frequency surface and is reflected into secondary reflection Then device is reflected into feed by secondary reflector again, received and handled.
It is worth noting that, the collection of antenna radio-frequency signal uses phase coherence homogeneous radiation, to provide in the present invention Maximum available gain allows to improve radio frequency as cost to sacrifice optical property during main radio frequency surface rf signal reception Performance changes the formula of radio frequency and optical coating, such as adds including using less collection optics area (only internal two rows of panels) Thick aluminized coating thickness is penetrated to reduce system noise by the master of large area with sacrificing the cost reduction radio-frequency leakage of optical transport Frequency surface come compensate due to increase optical system caused by radio frequency link performance loss, to promote Relative system error.
The invention has the benefit that
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna and its working method of the invention, in conjunction with optical communication link Big data rate transmits the severe weather conditions stable operation advantage of advantage and radio frequency link, can synchronize and realize radio communication and sky Between laser communication operate, compared with prior art, optoelectronic integration receiving antenna is not only synchronous to realize optics and radio-frequency performance, can Increased with effectively improving the data transfer rate of communications, also reduces and individual radio-frequency antenna and optical antenna bring is respectively set Cost and Operating Complexity, good confidentiality bigger than the transmission data rate of existing radio-frequency antenna, than existing optical antenna by day gas bar Part interference is small, is suitable for space communication especially field of deep space communication.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna overall structure diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the side sectional view of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the top view of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the secondary reflector and spherical aberration correction device of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna of the invention Structural schematic diagram;
Wherein: the main radio frequency surface 1-, the center 2- spherical surface optical surface, 3- secondary reflector, 4- spherical aberration correction device, 5- Vertex optical bench, 6- support construction, 7- feed, 3a- optics annular meniscus lens, 3b- radio frequency reflection part, tri- glue of 4a- Close lens.
Specific embodiment:
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool Body embodiment is described in detail, but is not limited only to this, what the present invention did not elaborated, presses this field routine techniques.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, as shown in figures 1-4, including main radio frequency surface 1, astrosphere Face optical surface 2, secondary reflector 3, spherical aberration correction device 4, vertex optical bench 5 and feed 7;
Main radio frequency surface 1 is hemispherical, and main radio frequency surface 1 is provided with coating panel, for providing radio frequency and optical reflection; Center spherical surface optical surface 2 is located at the center on main radio frequency surface 1, and center spherical surface optical surface 2 has been sequentially arranged above secondary counter Emitter 3, spherical aberration correction device 4 and vertex optical bench 5 are provided with optical receiver in vertex optical bench 5, directly right Optical signal is handled, and the interference between optical link and radio frequency link is reduced;
Main radio frequency surface 1, center spherical surface optical surface 2, secondary reflector 3, spherical aberration correction device 4 and vertex optics work Make platform 5 to support by support construction 6, support construction 6 includes being used to support secondary reflector 3, spherical aberration correction device 4 and top Four foot of the hinge type primary mirror support of point optical bench 5 and it is used to support main radio frequency surface 1 and center spherical surface optical surface 2 Pedestal support.Support construction, such as four foot support frame of hinge type primary mirror, it is necessary to not interfere the necessary structural elements of existing antenna Mode implement.
As shown in Fig. 2, the 1 reflection kernel region of main radio frequency surface of antenna is center spherical optics surface 2.Light is with solid line It has been shown that, and radio frequency is then shown in phantom, spherical aberration correction device 4 in the position that spherical surface optical surface 2 reflection light in center converges, Zonule between antenna secondary reflector 3 and vertex optical bench 5, the radio frequency that feed 7 is reflected in secondary reflector 3 The position of signal gathering, 2 central area of spherical surface optical surface at center are connected with pedestal support.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 1, the difference is that main radio frequency Surface 1 includes that nine rows aluminize coating panel, and every row coating panel of aluminizing is circumferentially disposed, annular in shape, from main radio frequency table Face center is remoter, and the radius of circular coating panel of aluminizing is bigger.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 2, the difference is that painting of aluminizing Deck panels are made of the glass panel of a large amount of hexagonal structures, and the side length of glass panel is that 0.6~1m is differed, and smaller size is desirable Material is in inexpensive reflecting telescope, and larger size can have drawn from the most wide useful size of suitable inexpensive mirror blank material material, glass Panel surface plates anodic oxidation aluminized coating, and covers one layer of durable coating, durable coating such as TiO2/SiO2, lasting and suitable optics And radio frequency reflection, to provide radio frequency and optical reflection.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 3, the difference is that main radio frequency It is to be made of in four big groups, every group multiple pieces of glass panel that surface 1, which is divided, and every piece of glass panel is a minor structure, hexagon knot The center of structure is the center of minor structure, and the line at the center of minor structure to secondary reflector is perpendicular to glass panel, minor structure energy It is enough to tilt and move along the vector axis at its center to the center of secondary reflector 3.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 2, the difference is that in order to hold It receives center spherical surface optical surface 2, nine rows is aluminized two rows of (i.e. nearest from main radio frequency centre of surface two in center of coating panel Row) it removes as optical region, center spherical surface optical surface 2 is located on optical region position, and center spherical surface optical surface 2 is by 64 A reflecting mirror composition, is divided into 4 units, and each unit includes 16 reflecting mirrors, each reflecting mirror include three actuators and One support plate, each unit are supported by frame assembly, and the support plate of each reflecting mirror is connected to main radio frequency by frame assembly In the pedestal support on surface 1.
As shown in figure 3, main radio frequency surface 1 and center spherical surface optical surface 2 are divided into four by the support of four foot of hinge type primary mirror A unit can increase flexibility of the invention, and each unit of center spherical surface optical surface 2 includes 16 reflecting mirrors, be shown in master 1 regional center of radio frequency surface is vertex optical bench 5, and intermediate structure is spherical aberration correction device 4, at this point, secondary reflection Device 3 is not shown in vertex optical bench bottom.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 1, the difference is that secondary counter Emitter 3 includes the optics annular meniscus lens 3a at center and the radio frequency reflection part 3b of aluminium coated, provides effective radio frequency reflection; The surface optics annular meniscus lens 3a is coated with ITO coating, and ITO coating can penetrate optical signal and provide effective radio frequency reflection, It realizes optics and radio frequency separation, covers one layer of argon coating on ITO coating, increase optical signal transmitance.
As shown in figure 4, the dotted line into spherical aberration correction device 4 represents optical signal, the dotted line reflected by secondary reflector 3 Radiofrequency signal is represented, the separation of optical signal and radiofrequency signal is realized by the ITO coating of secondary reflector 3, secondary reflector 3 Surface covering reflected radio-frequency signal effectively realizes optics and radio frequency separation, and optical signal then passes through the light at 3 center of secondary reflector It learns annular meniscus lens 3a and reaches spherical aberration correction device 4, after reflecting mirrors multiple in spherical aberration correction device 4 reflection, lead to It crosses three balsaming lens 4a and realizes aberration correction.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 1, the difference is that sphere mapping Poor corrector 4 is arranged between secondary reflector 3 and vertex optical bench 5, vertex optical bench 5 and spherical aberration correction Device 4 communicates, the optical signal that center spherical surface optical surface 2 reflects, and optics work in vertex is directed into after spherical aberration correction device 4 Platform 5, vertex optical bench 5 is interior to be arranged optical receiver, directly handles optical signal, reduces optical link and rf chain Interference between road;Spherical aberration correction device 4 includes shell, multiple reflecting mirrors and three balsaming lens 4a, utilizes three balsaming lens 4a can correct the intrinsic spherical aberration in main radio frequency surface, the additional aberration that correction lens apply, and the radio frequency that will reach optical receiver Amount minimizes.
Embodiment 8:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 1, the difference is that feed 7 exists At the radiofrequency signal convergence that secondary reflector 3 reflects, positioned at the central area of center spherical surface optical surface 2, with pedestal support phase Even.
Embodiment 9:
A kind of working method of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna in optical link, comes from signal transmitting terminal Optical signals center spherical surface optical surface 2 receive and pass through the optics annular meniscus lens at 3 center of secondary reflector after reflecting 3a reaches spherical aberration correction device 4, enters vertex optical bench after completing aberration correction using three balsaming lens 4a, is connect by light Device is received to receive and carry out subsequent processing;
In radio frequency link, the radiofrequency signal from signal transmitting terminal is then reflected into radio frequency secondary reflection by main radio frequency surface 1 Device 3 is reflected into the feed 7 at 2 center of center spherical surface optical surface again by secondary reflector 3, is received and handled.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that including main radio frequency surface, center spherical optics Surface, secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device, vertex optical bench and feed;
The main radio frequency surface is hemispherical, and the main radio frequency surface is provided with coating panel, anti-for providing radio frequency and optics It penetrates;The center spherical surface optical surface is located at the center on the main radio frequency surface, and the center spherical surface optical surface top is successively It is provided with the secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench, setting in the vertex optical bench There is optical receiver;
The main radio frequency surface, center spherical surface optical surface, secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench It is supported by support construction, the support construction includes being used to support secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex light It learns four foot of the hinge type primary mirror support of workbench and is used to support the pedestal branch on main radio frequency surface and center spherical surface optical surface Support.
2. space communication according to claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the main radio frequency table Face includes that nine rows aluminize coating panel, and every row coating panel of aluminizing is circumferentially disposed.
3. space communication according to claim 2 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the plating aluminized coating Panel is made of the glass panel of hexagonal structure, and anodic oxidation aluminized coating is plated on the glass panel surface, and cover one layer it is durable Coating, durable coating are preferably TiO2/SiO2
4. space communication according to claim 3 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the main radio frequency table Every piece of glass panel in face is a minor structure, and the center of hexagonal structure is the center of minor structure, the center of minor structure to two For the line of secondary reflectors perpendicular to glass panel, the minor structure can be along the vector axis at the center at its center to secondary reflector Upper inclination and movement, with compensate antenna the different elevations angle, at a temperature of the variation that occurs.
5. space communication according to claim 2 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that nine rows aluminize painting The center two rows of deck panels are removed as optical region, and the center spherical surface optical surface is located on optical region position, described Center spherical surface optical surface is made of 64 reflecting mirrors, is divided into 4 units, and each unit includes 16 reflecting mirrors, each anti- Penetrating mirror includes that three actuators and a support plate, each unit are supported by frame assembly, and the support plate of each reflecting mirror passes through Frame assembly is connected in the pedestal support on the main radio frequency surface.
6. space communication according to claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the secondary reflection Device includes the optics annular meniscus lens at center and the radio frequency reflection part of aluminium coated, and the optics annular meniscus lens surface applies There is ITO coating, covers one layer of argon coating on the ITO coating.
7. space communication according to claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the spherical aberration Corrector is arranged between the secondary reflector and vertex optical bench, the vertex optical bench and spherical aberration school Positive device communicates, and the spherical aberration correction device includes shell, multiple reflecting mirrors and three balsaming lens.
8. space communication according to claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the feed is in institute At the radiofrequency signal convergence for stating secondary reflector reflection, positioned at the central area of the center spherical surface optical surface, with the bottom Seat supports are connected.
9. a kind of working method of space communication described in claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that light It learns in link, the optical signal from signal transmitting terminal passes through secondary reflector after center spherical surface optical surface is received and reflected The optics annular meniscus lens at center reaches spherical aberration correction device, enters after completing aberration correction positioned at vertex optical bench Optical receiver, received by optical receiver and carry out subsequent processing;
In radio frequency link, the radiofrequency signal from signal transmitting terminal receives and is reflected into secondary reflector through main radio frequency surface, so Afterwards feed is reflected by secondary reflector again, is received and handled.
CN201910084346.7A 2019-01-29 2019-01-29 Photoelectric integrated receiving antenna for space communication and working method thereof Active CN109888471B (en)

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CN112532318A (en) * 2020-11-04 2021-03-19 北京遥测技术研究所 Resource-saving laser radio frequency integrated communication load
WO2022155493A1 (en) * 2021-01-14 2022-07-21 University Of Southern California Spinning directional antenna in centimeter and millimeter wave bands

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WO2022155493A1 (en) * 2021-01-14 2022-07-21 University Of Southern California Spinning directional antenna in centimeter and millimeter wave bands

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