CN109830811B - Large-caliber wide-angle scanning multi-beam antenna - Google Patents
Large-caliber wide-angle scanning multi-beam antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-caliber wide-angle scanning multi-beam antenna in the field of antennas, which comprises a spherical lens, a phase difference correction lens and a feed source group. The spherical lens is used for collecting/emitting plane electromagnetic waves, and the plane electromagnetic waves are converged on a spherical surface S concentric with the spherical center of the spherical lens through the phase difference correction lens. The phase centers of all the feeds of the feed source group are positioned on the spherical surface S, the axial directions of all the feeds are always consistent with the radial directions of the spherical lens, and scanning of different wave beams is realized by changing the positions and the directions of all the feeds. The present invention provides a low cost implementation of a high gain, multi-beam, wide angle scanning antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a large-caliber wide-angle scanning multi-beam antenna in the field of antennas, and provides a low-cost implementation mode of a high-gain, multi-beam and wide-angle scanning antenna.
Background
The multi-beam antenna can simultaneously communicate or monitor a plurality of targets, and has wide application in various fields such as satellite communication, navigation, radio astronomy, radar, radio monitoring and the like.
In terms of implementation, multi-beam antennas can be classified into phased array antennas, reflector antennas, and dielectric lens antennas.
The multi-beam phased array antenna utilizes a beam synthesis network to control the phase of an antenna unit, and electromagnetic waves meet the same condition of 'space phase difference' and 'intra-array phase difference' in different directions, so that a plurality of instantaneous beams with different directions are formed. The direct-beam multi-beam antenna has the advantages that the direct-beam multi-beam antenna has no aperture shielding and scanning leakage, and can form wide-angle scanning beams on radio frequency, intermediate frequency or baseband in an analog or digital mode. Due to the high cost of phased array antennas, the price is often unacceptable when high gain needs to be achieved.
The multi-beam reflection surface antenna irradiates the reflection surface by adopting a focal plane array, and forms a plurality of beams with different directions by using a defocusing feed, but gain loss is caused by defocusing, so that the space between each beam of the reflection surface type multi-beam antenna is very limited.
Similar to multibeam reflector antennas, multibeam lens antennas utilize a dielectric lens as a directional radiator of electromagnetic waves. The greatest advantage of a lens antenna is that its optical system is a rotationally symmetrical sphere, and the beam direction can be changed by only moving the feed network, without turning the heavy reflecting system as in a reflector antenna. By placing a plurality of feeds on tracks with different radiuses, a plurality of beams with randomly changed directivities can be formed, and the beam performance degradation caused by the focus offset and the leakage increase of the feeds does not exist. The multibeam lens antenna thus has more flexible beam spacing, a wider scan range, and more uniform beam performance than the reflector antenna. However, when high gain is achieved, a very large dielectric lens is required, resulting in unacceptable loss of efficiency due to weight and insertion loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the working problems of wide-angle scanning performance and cost of a high-gain multi-beam antenna and provides a large-caliber wide-angle scanning multi-beam antenna.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a wide angle scanning multibeam antenna of heavy-calibre, includes spherical lens, spherical phase difference correction lens and feed group, spherical lens cavity, feed group be located reverse side spherical center department, feed group carries a plurality of feeds, a plurality of feeds are radial directional reverse side spherical inner wall complete scanning reverse side spherical inner chamber, the mouth face department of every feed all sets up a spherical phase difference correction lens, the phase center of a plurality of feeds that feed group had constitutes a concentric circle, the sphere that the concentric circle was located is the signal receiving sphere, receiving sphere and spherical lens concentric, the axial of feed keeps unanimity with the radial of spherical lens, the axial coincidence of spherical phase difference correction lens and the axial coincidence of feed, spherical phase difference correction lens's focus is located on the axis that the spherical lens received spherical wave through phase difference correction lens compensation phase difference to the axis of feed is absorbed by feed and reverse original path diffusion through phase difference correction lens conversion plane wave outwards radiation.
The intersection point of the transmission lines formed by the electromagnetic waves which are injected into the spherical lens in any direction and transmitted forms a reverse spherical surface concentric with the spherical lens.
The feed source group is positioned in the reverse spherical surface.
Wherein the ball lens 1 is made of an anisotropic medium.
The feed sources 4 are distributed in an all-directional mode, and the scanning area of each feed source 4 covers the inner wall of the spherical lens.
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following advantages:
1. high gain wide angle scanning can be achieved with almost constant performance with scanning angle.
2. It can be realized by changing the position of the feed source on a small spherical surface, and the required mechanical movement is very small.
3. Since there are few transmit-receive links, the cost is significantly reduced compared to phased array antennas.
4. The performance due to the insertion loss of the dielectric is significantly reduced compared to the lens antenna due to the thinner dielectric thickness.
5. There is no shielding of the feed and the secondary reflecting surface.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the technical scheme adopted by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a refractive path diagram of an electromagnetic wave of the invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a large-caliber wide-angle scanning multibeam antenna comprises a spherical lens, a spherical phase difference correction lens and a feed source group, wherein the spherical lens is hollow, an intersection point of electromagnetic waves which are injected into the spherical lens in any direction and transmitted to form a transmission line forms a reverse spherical surface 7 concentric with the spherical lens, the feed source group is positioned at the center of the reverse spherical surface, and the spherical lens 1 is made of anisotropic media. The feed source group is positioned in the reverse spherical surface.
The feed source group carries a plurality of feed sources 4, the feed sources are radially directed to the inner wall of the reverse spherical surface to completely scan the inner cavity of the reverse spherical surface, a spherical phase difference correction lens is arranged at the mouth surface of each feed source, the phase centers of the feed sources carried by the feed source group 3 form a concentric circle, the spherical surface where the concentric circle is positioned is a signal receiving spherical surface 5, the receiving spherical surface 5 is concentric with the spherical lens, the axial direction of the feed source 4 is consistent with the radial direction of the spherical lens 1, the axial direction of the spherical phase difference correction lens is coincident with the axial direction of the feed source 4, the focus of the spherical phase difference correction lens is positioned on the central axis of the feed source 4, spherical waves received by the spherical lens are absorbed by the feed source 4 after the phase difference correction lens compensates the phase difference, and are reversely diffused in a primary way to be radiated outwards after the plane waves are converted by the phase difference correction lens.
The spherical lens 1 is made of anisotropic materials, the spherical lens 1 is of a spherical shell structure, and can convert received plane waves into spherical waves converged near the spherical center of the spherical lens, the spherical phase difference is compensated by the spherical phase difference correction lens 2 and then received by the feed source 4, or the spherical waves emitted by the feed source 4 are converted into plane waves to radiate after the spherical phase difference is compensated by the spherical phase difference correction lens 2.
The feed source group 3 can be provided with a plurality of feed sources 4 with the same or different frequency bands, different wave beams are scanned by changing the positions and the directions of the feed sources 4, the feed sources 4 are distributed in a radial omni-directional mode, scanning area areas of the feed sources 4 are mutually bordered or overlapped, and the scanning area covers the inner wall of the spherical lens.
In the use process, because electromagnetic waves can only propagate along a straight line, more or less deflection can be avoided when the electromagnetic waves pass through the spherical lens, a concentric reverse spherical surface 7 can be formed at the intersection point of the deflection lines, the reverse spherical surface 7 is provided with a lens, and the electromagnetic waves can be converted into plane waves from spherical waves and then received by the horn antenna.
Claims (3)
1. A large caliber wide angle scanning multi-beam antenna, characterized in that: the spherical lens is hollow, the feed source group is positioned at the center of a reverse spherical surface, the feed source group carries a plurality of feed sources (4), the feed sources are radially directed to the inner wall of the reverse spherical surface to completely scan the inner cavity of the reverse spherical surface, a spherical phase difference correction lens is arranged at the mouth surface of each feed source, the phase centers of the feed sources carried by the feed source group (3) form a concentric circle, the spherical surface of the concentric circle is a signal receiving spherical surface (5), the receiving spherical surface (5) is concentric with the spherical lens, the axial direction of the feed source (4) is consistent with the radial direction of the spherical lens (1), the axial direction of the spherical phase difference correction lens is coincident with the axial direction of the feed source (4), the focus of the spherical phase difference correction lens is positioned on the central axis of the feed source (4), and spherical waves received by the spherical lens are absorbed by the feed source (4) after the phase difference correction lens compensating the phase difference, and are reversely diffused in the original path to be radiated outwards through the phase difference correction lens;
an intersection point of the transmission lines formed by the electromagnetic waves which are injected into the spherical lens in any direction and transmitted forms a reverse spherical surface concentric with the spherical lens; the feed source group is positioned in the reverse spherical surface.
2. A large caliber wide angle scanning multi-beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the spherical lens (1) is made of an anisotropic medium.
3. A large caliber wide angle scanning multi-beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the feed sources (4) are distributed in an all-directional mode, and the scanning area of each feed source (4) covers the inner wall of the spherical lens.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910097696.7A CN109830811B (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | Large-caliber wide-angle scanning multi-beam antenna |
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| CN201910097696.7A CN109830811B (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | Large-caliber wide-angle scanning multi-beam antenna |
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| CN109830811B true CN109830811B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3755815A (en) * | 1971-12-20 | 1973-08-28 | Sperry Rand Corp | Phased array fed lens antenna |
| US4333082A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1982-06-01 | Sperry Corporation | Inhomogeneous dielectric dome antenna |
| WO2002073739A1 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-19 | Souren Guerouni | Multibeam spherical antenna system for fixed microwave wireless network |
| CN108110435A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-06-01 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | The millimeter wave high-gain circularly-polarizedhorn horn antenna of single medium plane lens loading |
| CN108808260A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-13 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of modification cylinder/spherical surface Luneberg lens antenna based on phased array feed |
| CN209730182U (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-12-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of large caliber wide angle sweep multibeam antenna |
-
2019
- 2019-01-31 CN CN201910097696.7A patent/CN109830811B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3755815A (en) * | 1971-12-20 | 1973-08-28 | Sperry Rand Corp | Phased array fed lens antenna |
| US4333082A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1982-06-01 | Sperry Corporation | Inhomogeneous dielectric dome antenna |
| WO2002073739A1 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-19 | Souren Guerouni | Multibeam spherical antenna system for fixed microwave wireless network |
| CN108110435A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-06-01 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | The millimeter wave high-gain circularly-polarizedhorn horn antenna of single medium plane lens loading |
| CN108808260A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-13 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of modification cylinder/spherical surface Luneberg lens antenna based on phased array feed |
| CN209730182U (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-12-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of large caliber wide angle sweep multibeam antenna |
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