CN109888429B - Negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109888429B CN109888429B CN201910025873.0A CN201910025873A CN109888429B CN 109888429 B CN109888429 B CN 109888429B CN 201910025873 A CN201910025873 A CN 201910025873A CN 109888429 B CN109888429 B CN 109888429B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013316 zoning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system and a control method thereof. The unit inside the energy absorption box is communicated with the cooling fin between the battery monomers so as to convey cooling liquid; the outermost unit of the energy absorption box is in contact with air and used as a radiator; the unit of the middle part of the energy absorption box not only plays a role in collision prevention and energy absorption, but also can be vacuumized by the air pump when the temperature of the battery pack is too low, so that the heat preservation effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the heating wires at the bottom of the battery compartment can also be heated. When the energy absorption box is impacted, the cooling liquid in the energy absorption box can play a role in pressure dispersion and buffering, and the pressure release valve arranged in the cooling liquid loop can also discharge the cooling liquid in time so as to avoid endangering the battery. The invention integrates the battery anti-collision structure and the heat dissipation system into a whole, thereby improving the utilization rate of the internal space of the automobile, the heat dissipation uniformity of the battery pack and the energy absorption effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal management and collision prevention of battery packs, and particularly relates to a negative Poisson ratio collision prevention and temperature control integrated battery system and a control method thereof.
Background
Vehicles powered by electric motors, either wholly or partially, require a large number of batteries to be installed and form a battery pack. The temperature of the battery pack during operation needs to be kept within a certain range, otherwise, the efficiency and the capacity are greatly reduced; in case of an accident, the battery pack is also sufficiently protected, otherwise secondary accidents such as combustion, explosion and the like may occur. Therefore, the battery pack must have a system for heating or dissipating heat from the battery pack in a cold or hot environment, and absorbing collision energy during a collision to prevent damage to the battery pack. In addition, the internal space of the system must be efficiently utilized to reduce the volume and weight, the manufacturing cost and the energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a negative poisson's ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system and a control method thereof, so as to solve the thermal management problem of the battery pack of the electric vehicle during operation and the safety problem after collision in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system, which comprises: the battery box comprises a battery box upper cover, a battery box bottom plate, a battery box front wall, a battery box rear plate, a heating wire, a left energy absorption box, a right energy absorption box, a battery pack, a water pump, an air duct, a cooling fan, a left cooling fin and a right cooling fin; the battery pack, the water pump, the air pump, the left energy absorption box and the right energy absorption box are arranged in a space formed by a battery box bottom plate, a battery box upper cover, a battery box front wall plate and a battery box rear wall plate; the left energy absorption box is communicated with the water pump, the air pump and the left cooling sheet through pipelines, the right energy absorption box is connected with the water pump, the air pump and the right cooling sheet through pipelines, and the left energy absorption box and the right energy absorption box are in mirror symmetry along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle; the air channel is a space which is communicated from front to back between the left energy absorption box and the right energy absorption box and the outer plate of the air channel, the front part and the rear part of the air channel are both provided with openable air doors, and the front part of the air channel is provided with a cooling fan; the heating wire is arranged between the upper surface of the bottom plate of the battery box and the lower surface of the battery pack.
Furthermore, the left energy absorption box is composed of a plurality of negative Poisson ratio structural units with concave hexagonal cross sections, and each unit is a pipeline which is through from front to back.
Furthermore, a plurality of units of the left energy absorption box are sequentially divided into a heat dissipation layer, a vacuum layer and a diversion layer from inside to outside; wherein, the rear opening of the vacuum layer and the front opening of the flow guide layer are blocked, each opening of the other units is provided with a joint to be communicated with a water pipe or an air pipe, and the joint and the left energy absorption box are sealed.
Furthermore, the outer side of the air duct is used for isolating the air duct from the outside, the inner side of the air duct is provided with a left energy absorption box or a right energy absorption box, and the front part and the rear part of the air duct outer plates on the two sides are provided with air doors; the air door needs to be opened or closed according to needs, and when the air door is opened, air flows through the surfaces of the left energy absorption box and the right energy absorption box from front to back; the cooling fan is opened or closed according to the requirement, the angle of the blades of the cooling fan can be adjusted, the cooling fan is switched into a feathering mode during natural ventilation, and the cooling fan is switched into a fan mode during forced ventilation.
Furthermore, the vacuum layer is communicated with an X port of the air valve through a pipeline, a Y port of the air valve is connected with an exhaust pipe through an air pump, and an air inlet pipe is connected to the Z port to be communicated with the outside.
Furthermore, the battery pack consists of a plurality of battery monomers, and a certain gap is reserved between each battery monomer; in the front-rear direction, the battery monomer and the left cooling fin or the right cooling fin are alternately arranged and tightly attached; each left cooling fin is communicated with one unit in the flow guide layer of the left energy absorption box, and cooled cooling liquid enters the left cooling fin from the unit so as to take away heat generated by a single battery, and then is converged into a collecting pipe on the right side of the battery pack so as to enter a heat dissipation layer of the right energy absorption box; the number of the left cooling fins on each layer in the vertical direction is the same as the number of the units of the flow guide layer of the left energy absorption box, and the left cooling fins and the units of the flow guide layer correspond to each other one by one; the connection mode of the right cooling fin, the right energy absorption box and the collecting pipe is the same as that of the left cooling fin.
Furthermore, two holes are formed in the front panel of the battery box, and the exhaust pipe and the air inlet pipe can extend out of the holes.
Furthermore, the heat dissipation layer is communicated with the diversion layer at the rear part of the left energy absorption box or the right energy absorption box through a pipeline, the middle of the pipeline is connected with an A port of the pressure release valve, and a B port of the pressure release valve is communicated with the outside.
Furthermore, the heat dissipation layer is communicated with the manifold pipe at the front part of the left energy absorption box or the right energy absorption box through a pipeline, and a water pump is arranged in the middle of the pipeline; the two water pumps are connected in series in the whole cooling liquid circulation.
Furthermore, the upper cover of the battery box, the bottom plate of the battery box, the front panel of the battery box and the rear panel of the battery box are all made of fireproof heat-insulating materials.
Furthermore, an air pressure sensor is installed in the vacuum layer, and temperature sensors are installed in different positions in the battery pack.
Furthermore, the working states and modes of the water pump, the air door, the cooling fan, the air valve and the heating wires are controlled by an electronic controller, and signals collected by the sensors are input into the electronic controller; the electronic controller is an independent controller or an internal control unit (ECU) of the vehicle.
The invention discloses a control method of a negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system, which is based on the system and comprises the following steps:
when the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a certain set value, the system enters a heat dissipation mode, the water pump is started to drive cooling liquid to flow in the whole water path to take away heat generated by the battery pack, and meanwhile, all air doors are opened; when the heat dissipation requirement is not high, the heat dissipation fan is not started; when the heat dissipation requirement is higher, the heat dissipation fan is started; when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a certain set value, the system enters a heating mode, the water pump does not work, the air door is completely closed, the air pump is started and pumps out air in the vacuum layer, and meanwhile, the heating wires heat the battery pack.
Furthermore, the blades of the cooling fan are kept in a feathering mode when the cooling fan is not started, and the plane of the blades is parallel to the air flowing direction; when the cooling fan is started, the blades of the cooling fan are kept in a fan mode, and the plane of each blade forms a certain angle with the air flowing direction, so that the cooling fan can drive air to carry out forced ventilation when rotating.
Further, the work of air pump and pneumatic valve mutually support, the cooperation mode is: when the air pump does not work, the X, Y, Z ports of the air valve are not communicated with each other; when the air pump works, the X, Y port of the air valve is communicated, and the Z port is not communicated.
Furthermore, the working state of the air pump is controlled by an electronic controller and an air pressure sensor arranged in the vacuum layer, and when the system is in a heating mode, the air pump is started to reduce the air pressure in the vacuum layer to a preset value as long as the air pressure in the vacuum layer is higher than a certain value.
Further, the working mode of the air valve when the system releases the heating mode is as follows: x, Z port is communicated, Y port is not communicated, outside air enters into vacuum layer from Z port through X port through air inlet pipe under the action of air pressure difference; when the air pressure in the vacuum layer is balanced with the external air pressure, the X, Y, Z openings of the air valve are not communicated with each other.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention not only adopts the negative Poisson ratio structure unit to improve the energy absorption efficiency, but also integrates the radiator and the cooling liquid loop in the energy absorption box by utilizing the internal structure characteristics of the energy absorption box, thereby improving the space utilization rate of the whole system and saving the space in the vehicle; and the shock resistance of the energy absorption box is further improved by utilizing the characteristics that the liquid can disperse pressure and buffer. Meanwhile, the cooling fan with the angle-adjustable blades is used, so that the forced ventilation function is kept, the natural ventilation efficiency is greatly improved, and the energy is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the coolant circulation, air duct structure and water pump mounting location of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the air path structure and the installation positions of the air pump and the air valve of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic exterior view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the fluid conducting layers, cooling fins and manifold according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the configuration and mounting of the fitting of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a zoning scheme of the crash box of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a left energy absorption box, 1-1 is a heat dissipation layer, 1-2 is a vacuum layer, 1-3 is a flow guide layer, 1-4 is a pressure release valve, 1-5 is a left cooling fin, 1-6 is a manifold, 2 is a right energy absorption box, 2-1 is a right cooling fin, 3 is a battery pack, 3-1 is a battery monomer, 4 is a water pump, 5 is an air pump, 6 is a battery box bottom plate, 7 is an air duct outer plate, 8 is an air door, 9 is a heat dissipation fan, 10 is an air duct, 11 is an air valve, 12 is an exhaust pipe, 13 is an air inlet pipe, 14 is a battery box upper cover, 15 is a joint, 16 is a battery box front panel, 17 is a battery box rear panel, and 18 is a heating wire.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the negative poisson's ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system of the invention comprises: the battery box comprises a battery box upper cover 14, a battery box bottom plate 6, a battery box front wall 16, a battery box rear wall 17, a heating wire 18, a left energy absorption box 1, a right energy absorption box 2, a battery pack 3, a water pump 4, an air pump 5, an air duct 10, a cooling fan 9, left cooling fins 1-5 and right cooling fins 2-1; the battery pack 3, the water pump 4, the air pump 5, the left energy absorption box 1 and the right energy absorption box 2 are arranged in a space formed by a battery box bottom plate 6, a battery box upper cover 14, a battery box front wall plate 16 and a battery box rear wall plate 17; the left energy absorption box 1 is communicated with the water pump 4, the air pump 5 and the left cooling sheet 1-5 through pipelines, the right energy absorption box 2 is connected with the water pump 4, the air pump 5 and the right cooling sheet 2-1 through pipelines, and the left energy absorption box and the right energy absorption box are in mirror symmetry along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle; the air duct 10 is a space which is communicated from front to back between the left and right energy absorption boxes and the air duct outer plate 7, the front part and the rear part of the air duct are both provided with openable air doors 8, and the front part of the air duct 10 is provided with a cooling fan 9; the heating wire 18 is disposed between the upper surface of the battery case bottom plate 6 and the lower surface of the battery pack 3.
The left energy absorption box 1 is composed of a plurality of negative Poisson ratio structural units with concave hexagonal cross sections, and each unit is a front and back through pipeline.
Referring to fig. 7, a plurality of units of the left energy absorption box 1 are sequentially divided into a heat dissipation layer 1-1, a vacuum layer 1-2 and a flow guide layer 1-3 from inside to outside; wherein, the rear opening of the vacuum layer 1-2 and the front opening of the flow guiding layer 1-3 are blocked, as shown in figure 6, each opening of the other units is provided with a joint 15 to be communicated with a water pipe or an air pipe, and the joint 15 and the left energy absorption box 1 are kept sealed.
The outer side of the air duct 10 is used for isolating the air duct 10 from an external air duct outer plate 7, the inner side of the air duct 10 is provided with a left energy absorption box 1 or a right energy absorption box 2, and the front part and the rear part of the air duct outer plate 7 on two sides are provided with air doors 8; the air door 8 is opened or closed according to needs, and when the air door 8 is opened, air flows through the surfaces of the left energy absorption box 1 and the right energy absorption box 2 from front to back; the cooling fan 9 is turned on or off as required, the angle of the blades of the cooling fan 9 is adjustable, and the cooling fan is turned into a feathering mode during natural ventilation and is turned into a fan mode during forced ventilation.
The battery pack 3 consists of a plurality of battery monomers 3-1, and a certain gap is reserved between each battery monomer 3-1; in the front-rear direction, the battery monomer 3-1 and the left cooling fin 1-5 or the right cooling fin 2-1 are alternately arranged and tightly attached; each left cooling fin 1-5 is communicated with one unit in the flow guide layer 1-3 of the left energy absorption box 1, and cooled cooling liquid enters the left cooling fin from the unit so as to take away heat generated by the battery monomer 3-1, then converges into the manifold 1-6 on the right side of the battery pack 3 and further enters the heat dissipation layer of the right energy absorption box 2; the number of the left cooling fins 1-5 on each layer in the vertical direction is the same as the number of the units of the flow guide layers 1-3 of the left energy absorption box 1, and the left cooling fins and the units of the flow guide layers 1-3 are in one-to-one correspondence; the connection mode of the right cooling fin 2-1, the right energy absorption box 2 and the collecting pipe 1-6 is the same as that of the left cooling fin.
The heat dissipation layer 1-1 and the flow guide layer 1-3 are communicated at the rear part of the left energy absorption box or the right energy absorption box through a pipeline, the middle of the pipeline is connected with an opening A of the pressure release valve 11, and an opening B of the pressure release valve 11 is communicated with the outside.
The vacuum layer 1-2 is communicated with an X port of an air valve 11 through a pipeline, a Y port of the air valve 11 is connected with an exhaust pipe 12 through an air pump 5, and an air inlet pipe 13 is connected to the Z port to be communicated with the outside.
Two holes are formed in the front panel 16 of the battery box for the exhaust pipe and the air inlet pipe to extend out.
The heat dissipation layer is communicated with the manifold pipe at the front part of the left energy absorption box or the right energy absorption box through a pipeline, and a water pump is arranged in the middle of the pipeline; the two water pumps are connected in series in the whole cooling liquid circulation.
The upper cover of the battery box, the bottom plate of the battery box, the front wall plate of the battery box and the rear wall plate of the battery box are all made of fireproof heat-insulating materials.
The heat dissipation layer 1-1 is communicated with the manifold pipe 1-6 at the front part of the left energy absorption box 1 or the right energy absorption box 2 through a pipeline, and a water pump 4 is arranged in the middle of the pipeline; the two water pumps 4 are connected in series throughout the coolant circulation.
As shown in fig. 1, the coolant works as follows: cooling liquid is arranged on a heat dissipation layer 1-1 of the left energy absorption box 1 and is cooled, the cooling liquid immediately enters a flow guide layer 1-3 of the left energy absorption box, and the cooling liquid is uniformly distributed to each left cooling fin 1-5 in the flow guide layer 1-3; the cooling liquid passes through the whole battery pack 3 from left to right in the left cooling fins 1-5, and as each left cooling fin 1-5 is tightly attached to the battery monomer 3-1, the heat generated during the operation of the battery monomer 3-1 is taken away in the process, and meanwhile, the cooling liquid is heated. After passing through the whole battery pack 3, all the left cooling fins 1-5 are converged into the right manifold 1-6 at the right side of the battery pack 3, and then the cooling liquid flows into the heat dissipation layer 1-1 of the right energy absorption box 2 from the front of the right energy absorption box 2 through the right manifold 1-6. The heated cooling liquid flows from front to back in the heat dissipation layer 1-1 of the right energy absorption box 2, and in the process, the temperature of the cooling liquid is continuously reduced because the outer surface of the heat dissipation layer 1-1 is contacted with air flowing in the air duct 10. When the cooling liquid is cooled to reach the rear part of the heat dissipation layer 1-1, the cooling liquid flows into the flow guide layer 1-3 of the right energy absorption box 2 and is then uniformly distributed to each right cooling fin 2-1. The cooling liquid passes through the whole battery pack 3 from right to left in the right cooling fin 2-1 and is heated again, then flows into the left collecting pipe 1-6 and enters the heat dissipation layer 1-1 of the left energy absorption box 1 from the front, flows from the front to the back in the heat dissipation layer 1-1 and is cooled, and then enters the next cycle. The arrangement mode of the battery monomer 3-1, the left cooling fin 1-5, the right cooling fin 2-1 and the collecting pipe 1-6 and the flowing direction of the cooling liquid are shown in figure 5.
Driving the coolant to circulate throughout the water circuit are two water pumps 4 placed in front of the battery pack 3, the specific location and direction of pumping the coolant are shown in fig. 1 and 3. One is positioned between the left manifold 1-6 and the heat dissipation layer 1-1 of the left energy absorption box 1, and the other is positioned between the right manifold 1-6 and the heat dissipation layer 1-1 of the right energy absorption box 2. Under normal conditions, the two water pumps 4 work simultaneously, and because the relation of the two water pumps 4 in the waterway circulation is in series connection, when one of the two water pumps fails, the other water pump can increase the power to ensure the normal circulation of the cooling liquid.
The water ways behind the left energy absorption box 1 and the right energy absorption box 2 are connected with pressure release valves 1-4 in parallel, and the working mode is as follows: when the pressure of the cooling liquid is lower than the set value, the pressure relief valve 1-4 keeps normally closed, and the port A, B is not communicated; when the cooling liquid pressure is higher than the set value, the pressure relief valve 1-4 is opened and kept normally open, the port A, B is communicated, the cooling liquid enters from the port A and is discharged to the outside from the port B, and the set value of the pressure relief valve 1-4 can be determined through experimental measurement or theoretical calculation. Thus, when the left energy absorption box 1 or the right energy absorption box 2 is collided, the volume is compressed, the internal pressure of the water channel is increased, and the cooling liquid can be discharged through the pressure release valves 1-4. On one hand, the cooling liquid can play a role in pressure dispersion and buffering; on the other hand, since the coolant is discharged, the battery pack 3 is less likely to have a secondary accident due to contact with the coolant after the accident.
The air duct 10 is a section of passage for air to flow through, which is arranged between the air duct outer plate 7 and the left energy absorption box 1 or the right energy absorption box 2, and is shown in fig. 1. The front and the rear of the air duct 10 on the two sides of the vehicle are both provided with air doors 8 which can be opened and closed, when cooling is needed, the air doors 8 are all opened, and air can enter the air duct 10 from the air doors 8 at the front part and then flow out from the air doors 8 at the rear part. The front air door 8 has a specific shape, and can play a role in collecting air when a vehicle runs, so that more air is introduced from the outside. The cooling fan 9 has the function of accelerating air flow, and the rotating speed and the blade angle of the cooling fan can be adjusted by an electronic controller. When the vehicle runs and the heat dissipation requirement is small, the plane of the fan blade of the heat dissipation fan 9 is parallel to the air flowing direction (called as a feathering mode), at the moment, the resistance of the fan blade to the air is minimum, the heat dissipation fan 9 does not rotate, the air in the air duct 10 can flow at the running speed of the vehicle, and the electric energy is saved; when the vehicle is stationary or the heat dissipation requirement is large, the plane of the fan blade of the heat dissipation fan 9 forms a certain angle with the air flow direction (called as "fan mode"), and the heat dissipation fan 9 rotates to perform forced ventilation, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.
The gas circuit is schematically shown in figure 2, the rear ends of the two vacuum layers 1-2 are sealed, the front ends are connected with an X port of an air valve 11 through a pipeline, a Y port of the air valve 11 is connected with an air inlet of an air pump 5, and a Z port is communicated with the outside. The working logic of the gas circuit is as follows: a. when the system is in a heat dissipation mode, the vacuum layer 1-2 is filled with air, and the X, Y, Z openings of the air valve 11 are not communicated with each other; b. when the system is switched from the heat dissipation mode to the heating mode, the X, Y port of the air valve 11 is communicated, the Z port is not communicated, the air pump 5 is started, and the air in the vacuum layer 1-2 is pumped out. When the air pressure in the vacuum layer 1-2 decreases to a certain value, the X, Y, Z ports of the air valve 11 are turned to be not communicated with each other, and the air pump 5 is closed. An air pressure sensor is arranged in the vacuum layer 1-2 to monitor the air pressure, and when the air pressure rises to a certain value, the steps can be repeated to reduce the air pressure. Because the air in the vacuum layer 1-2 is pumped out, the heat conduction is blocked, and a good heat preservation effect can be achieved; c. when the system is switched from the heating mode to the heat dissipation mode, the X, Z ports of the air valve 11 are communicated, the Y port is not communicated, at the moment, the outside air automatically enters the vacuum layer 1-2 due to the air pressure difference, and when the air pressure in the vacuum layer 1-2 is the same as the outside air, the X, Y, Z ports of the air valve 11 are not communicated.
The heating wire 18 is arranged in the manner shown in fig. 3, is positioned below the battery pack 3, is fixed above the battery box bottom plate 6, and is controlled by an electronic controller. When the temperature of the battery pack 3 is excessively low, the heating wire may generate heat, thereby raising the temperature of the entire battery pack 3.
The vacuum layer is internally provided with an air pressure sensor, and the battery pack is internally provided with temperature sensors at different positions.
The working states and modes of the water pump 4, the air pump 5, the air door 8, the cooling fan 9, the air valve 11 and the heating wire 18 are controlled by an electronic controller, and signals collected by all sensors (an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and the like) are all input into the electronic controller; the electronic controller is an independent controller (such as a singlechip and the like) or an internal control unit (ECU) of the vehicle.
The invention discloses a control method of a negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system, which comprises the following steps of:
when the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a certain set value, the system enters a heat dissipation mode, the water pump is started to drive cooling liquid to flow in the whole water path to take away heat generated by the battery pack, and meanwhile, all air doors are opened; when the heat dissipation requirement is not high, the heat dissipation fan is not started; when the heat dissipation requirement is higher, the heat dissipation fan is started; when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a certain set value, the system enters a heating mode, the water pump does not work, the air door is completely closed, the air pump is started and pumps out air in the vacuum layer, and meanwhile, the heating wires heat the battery pack.
The blades of the cooling fan are kept in a feathering mode when the cooling fan is not started, and the plane of the blades is parallel to the air flowing direction; when the cooling fan is started, the blades of the cooling fan are kept in a fan mode, and the plane of each blade forms a certain angle with the air flowing direction, so that the cooling fan can drive air to carry out forced ventilation when rotating.
The work of air pump mutually support with the pneumatic valve, the cooperation mode is: when the air pump does not work, the X, Y, Z ports of the air valve are not communicated with each other; when the air pump works, the X, Y port of the air valve is communicated, and the Z port is not communicated.
The working state of the air pump is controlled by the electronic controller and the air pressure sensor arranged in the vacuum layer, and when the system is in a heating mode, the air pump is started to reduce the air pressure in the vacuum layer to a preset value as long as the air pressure in the vacuum layer is higher than a certain value.
The working mode of the air valve when the system releases the heating mode is as follows: x, Z port is communicated, Y port is not communicated, outside air enters into vacuum layer from Z port through X port through air inlet pipe under the action of air pressure difference; when the air pressure in the vacuum layer is balanced with the external air pressure, the X, Y, Z openings of the air valve are not communicated with each other.
While the invention has been described in terms of its preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a negative poisson's ratio anticollision accuse temperature integration battery system which characterized in that includes: the battery box comprises a battery box upper cover (14), a battery box bottom plate (6), a battery box front panel (16), a battery box rear panel (17), a heating wire (18), a left energy absorption box (1), a right energy absorption box (2), a battery pack (3), a water pump (4), an air pump (5), an air duct (10), a cooling fan (9), left cooling fins (1-5) and right cooling fins (2-1); the battery pack (3), the water pump (4), the air pump (5), the left energy absorption box (1) and the right energy absorption box (2) are arranged in a space formed by a battery box bottom plate (6), a battery box upper cover (14), a battery box front wall plate (16) and a battery box rear plate (17); the left energy absorption box (1) is communicated with the water pump (4), the air pump (5) and the left cooling sheet (1-5) through pipelines, the right energy absorption box (2) is connected with the water pump (4), the air pump (5) and the right cooling sheet (2-1) through pipelines, and the left energy absorption box and the right energy absorption box are mirror-symmetrical along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle; the air channel (10) is a space which is communicated from front to back between the left and right energy absorption boxes and the air channel outer plate (7), the front part and the rear part of the air channel are both provided with openable air doors (8), and the front part of the air channel (10) is provided with a cooling fan (9); the heating wire (18) is arranged between the upper surface of the battery box bottom plate (6) and the lower surface of the battery pack (3);
the left energy absorption box (1) is composed of a plurality of negative Poisson ratio structural units with concave hexagonal cross sections, and each unit is a front and back through pipeline;
the left energy absorption box (1) is characterized in that a plurality of units are sequentially divided into a heat dissipation layer (1-1), a vacuum layer (1-2) and a diversion layer (1-3) from inside to outside; wherein, the rear opening of the vacuum layer (1-2) and the front opening of the flow guide layer (1-3) are blocked, each opening of the other units is provided with a joint (15) to be communicated with a water pipe or an air pipe, and the joint (15) and the left energy absorption box (1) are sealed.
2. The negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature-control integrated battery system according to claim 1, wherein the outer side of the air duct (10) is used for isolating the air duct (10) from an external air duct outer plate (7), the inner side of the air duct outer plate is provided with the left energy absorption box (1) or the right energy absorption box (2), and the front part and the rear part of the air duct outer plate (7) on two sides are provided with air doors (8); the air door (8) is opened or closed according to needs, and when the air door (8) is opened, air flows through the surfaces of the left energy absorption box (1) and the right energy absorption box (2) from front to back; the cooling fan (9) is opened or closed according to the requirement, the angle of the blades of the cooling fan (9) can be adjusted, the cooling fan is switched into a feathering mode during natural ventilation, and the cooling fan is switched into a fan mode during forced ventilation.
3. The negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature-control integrated battery system according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack (3) is composed of a plurality of battery cells (3-1), and a certain gap is left between each battery cell (3-1); in the front-rear direction, the battery monomer (3-1) and the left cooling fin (1-5) or the right cooling fin (2-1) are alternately arranged and tightly attached; each left cooling fin (1-5) is communicated with one unit in the flow guide layer (1-3) of the left energy absorption box (1), cooled cooling liquid enters the left cooling fin from the unit so as to take away heat generated by the battery monomer (3-1), and then the cooled cooling liquid is converged into a collecting pipe (1-6) on the right side of the battery pack (3) so as to enter a heat dissipation layer of the right energy absorption box (2); the number of the left cooling fins (1-5) on each layer in the vertical direction is the same as that of the units of the flow guide layers (1-3) of the left energy absorption box (1), and the left cooling fins and the flow guide layers correspond to the units of the flow guide layers (1-3) one by one; the connection mode of the right cooling fin (2-1), the right energy absorption box (2) and the collecting pipe (1-6) is the same as that of the left cooling fin.
4. The negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature-control integrated battery system according to claim 1, wherein the heat dissipation layer (1-1) is communicated with the manifold pipe (1-6) through a pipeline in front of the left energy absorption box (1) or the right energy absorption box (2), and a water pump (4) is arranged in the middle of the pipeline; the two water pumps (4) are connected in series in the whole cooling liquid circulation.
5. A control method of a negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system based on the system of any one of the claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a certain set value, the system enters a heat dissipation mode, the water pump is started to drive cooling liquid to flow in the whole water path to take away heat generated by the battery pack, and meanwhile, all air doors are opened; when the heat dissipation requirement is not high, the heat dissipation fan is not started; when the heat dissipation requirement is higher, the heat dissipation fan is started; when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a certain set value, the system enters a heating mode, the water pump does not work, the air door is completely closed, the air pump is started and pumps out air in the vacuum layer, and meanwhile, the heating wires heat the battery pack.
6. The control method of the negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature-control integrated battery system according to claim 5, wherein the blades of the cooling fan are kept in a feathering mode when the cooling fan is not started, and the plane of the blades is parallel to the air flow direction; when the cooling fan is started, the blades of the cooling fan are kept in a fan mode, and the plane of each blade forms a certain angle with the air flowing direction, so that the cooling fan can drive air to carry out forced ventilation when rotating.
7. The control method of the negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature-control integrated battery system according to claim 5, wherein the air pump is operated in cooperation with an air valve in a manner that: when the air pump does not work, the X, Y, Z ports of the air valve are not communicated with each other; when the air pump works, the X, Y port of the air valve is communicated, and the Z port is not communicated.
8. The control method of the negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system according to claim 5, wherein the working mode of the air valve when the system is in the heating-releasing mode is as follows: x, Z port is communicated, Y port is not communicated, outside air enters into vacuum layer from Z port through X port through air inlet pipe under the action of air pressure difference; when the air pressure in the vacuum layer is balanced with the external air pressure, the X, Y, Z openings of the air valve are not communicated with each other.
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| CN111509161B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2022-06-10 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Anti-collision temperature control integrated battery module structure, processing device and method |
| CN113471601A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-01 | 广州嘉宇新能源有限公司 | Last battery pack that has protective structure of electric scooter |
| CN114312365A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Reusable anti-impact module and working method |
| CN114865146B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2024-10-11 | 南通理工学院 | Automobile battery heat dissipation structure based on negative poisson ratio material and heat dissipation method thereof |
| CN115101873B (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-18 | 杭州重红科技有限公司 | A buffer stop for new forms of energy battery on new forms of energy car |
| CN116887656A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-10-13 | 东莞理工学院 | Flexible thermoelectric device based on negative poisson ratio structure and application |
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| CN101533933A (en) * | 2009-04-09 | 2009-09-16 | 高宾 | Water cooling method for vehicle lithium power cell set and device thereof |
| CN103715473B (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2016-01-20 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of power battery thermal management system |
| US9559393B2 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2017-01-31 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Battery module thermal management fluid guide assembly |
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