CN109887701B - Superconducting magnet cooling device for superconducting magnetic suspension train and use method - Google Patents
Superconducting magnet cooling device for superconducting magnetic suspension train and use method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109887701B CN109887701B CN201910168170.3A CN201910168170A CN109887701B CN 109887701 B CN109887701 B CN 109887701B CN 201910168170 A CN201910168170 A CN 201910168170A CN 109887701 B CN109887701 B CN 109887701B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cold
- cooling cavity
- superconducting magnet
- cooling
- superconducting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000553 6063 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011797 cavity material Substances 0.000 claims 19
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a superconducting magnet cooling device for a superconducting maglev train, which comprises a cryogenic refrigerator, a cold conducting sheet and a cooling cavity, wherein the cold conducting sheet is arranged on the cryogenic refrigerator; one end of the cold guide sheet is connected with the low-temperature refrigerator, and the other end of the cold guide sheet is connected with the cooling cavity; a superconducting magnet is arranged in the cooling cavity; a cold guide plate connected with the upper end cover is arranged in the cooling cavity; the cold conduction plate is positioned between the superconducting magnets in the cooling cavity; the cold guide plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cooling cavity and each superconducting magnet; the cold conducting plate is made of cold conducting materials, the cold conducting plate is connected with the upper end cover through a hanger rod, and limiting plates are arranged on the periphery of the superconducting magnet to limit the movement of the superconducting magnet; the limiting plate is made of cold conducting materials. The invention also discloses a using method of the cooling device, which gives consideration to various power supply reliability conditions through direct conduction refrigeration or nitrogen fixation auxiliary refrigeration. The invention has simple structure, takes refrigeration capacity and vibration resistance into consideration, and has simple and quick use method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magnet cooling of superconducting magnetic levitation trains, in particular to a superconducting magnet cooling device of a superconducting magnetic levitation train and a using method.
Background
The magnetic suspension technology can effectively avoid friction loss caused by contact, and can greatly improve the operation efficiency and prolong the service life of equipment. The technology is applied to the train, and the magnetic suspension train can be formed. The magnetic suspension train has the advantages of high running speed, low noise, low maintenance cost and the like, and becomes one of the mainstream directions for the development of a new generation of high-speed train. The suspension and propulsion systems of the maglev train are completed by means of electromagnetic force between magnets on the train body and ground magnets.
The traditional maglev train utilizes permanent magnets or electromagnets to generate electromagnetic force to achieve the purposes of suspension and propulsion. The traditional magnetic suspension train magnet device does not need refrigeration, but the permanent magnet or the electromagnet has large volume and heavy weight, so that the passenger capacity and the speed of a train cannot be further improved. The phenomenon of superconduction was discovered in 1911, and is rapidly receiving attention of researchers worldwide due to its excellent characteristics such as zero resistance characteristics. The superconducting magnet can generate a magnetic field far larger than that generated by a permanent magnet or a conventional electromagnet, is light in weight and small in size, and has great potential in application of a magnetic suspension train. The low-temperature superconducting magnet applied to the superconducting magnet firstly overcomes the defects of the traditional magnetic levitation train, so that the speed is further improved, and the superconducting magnet can run at the speed of more than 600 km/h. However, due to the technical limitation of the refrigerator, the refrigeration of the magnet of the low-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation train is a great difficulty. As more and more high critical temperature superconducting materials are discovered, superconductors have been developed into the high temperature superconducting era. At present, the critical temperature of the high-temperature superconductor can reach 92K, and the material can enter a superconducting state in a liquid nitrogen environment. Compared with low-temperature superconductors, the high-temperature superconductors have greatly reduced refrigeration requirements, so that the application difficulty of the superconductors is greatly reduced. At present, the industrial mass production of high-temperature superconducting materials is realized, and the produced superconducting strip can be wound into a superconducting magnet and can generate a strong magnetic field which cannot be achieved by the traditional permanent magnet or electromagnet. The superconducting magnet has the advantages of a strong magnetic field, and meanwhile, the characteristics of compactness and light weight of the magnet are guaranteed. Based on the research of the high-temperature superconducting magnet, compared with a low-temperature superconducting magnet maglev train, the high-temperature superconducting magnet maglev train can overcome the harsh refrigeration requirement, the running cost and the running speed are greatly improved, and meanwhile, the running stability and the passenger capacity problem can be obviously improved. However, the high-temperature superconducting maglev train is still in the development stage and is not really put into commercial operation.
Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to develop a superconducting magnet cooling apparatus for a superconducting maglev train and a method for using the same, so that requirements of multiple refrigeration modes on vehicle-mounted power supply capacity can be met, and the superconducting magnet can be protected from being damaged by vibration during train operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to obtain a superconducting magnet cooling device for a superconducting maglev train and a use method thereof, which can meet the requirements of various refrigeration modes on vehicle-mounted power supply capacity, simplify the refrigeration modes, ensure the safe and stable operation of a superconducting magnet, and protect the superconducting magnet from being damaged by vibration during train operation.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a superconducting magnet cooling device for a superconducting maglev train, which comprises a cryogenic refrigerator, a cold-conducting sheet and a cooling cavity, wherein the cold-conducting sheet is arranged on the cryogenic refrigerator; one end of the cold guide sheet is connected with the low-temperature refrigerator, and the other end of the cold guide sheet is connected with the cooling cavity; and a superconducting magnet is arranged in the cooling cavity.
Further, the low-temperature refrigerator enables the operating temperature of the superconducting magnet to be 20K-66K.
Further, the cooling cavity is of a closed structure and comprises a cavity body and an upper end cover; the upper end cover is made of a non-magnetic-conductive material, and the cavity body is made of an aluminum alloy material subjected to hard anodic oxidation treatment.
Further, the aluminum alloy material is 6063 aluminum alloy.
Further, the upper end cover is made of 304 type stainless steel.
Furthermore, a cold guide plate connected with the upper end cover is arranged in the cooling cavity; the cold conduction plate is positioned between the superconducting magnets in the cooling cavity; the cold guide plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cooling cavity and each superconducting magnet; the cold conducting plate is made of cold conducting materials.
Furthermore, the cold conducting plate is connected with the upper end cover through a hanger rod, and limiting plates are further arranged on the periphery of each magnet of the cold conducting plate to limit the movement of the superconducting magnet; the limiting plate is made of cold conducting materials.
The invention also discloses a using method of the cooling device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
and 2, starting the cryogenic refrigerator, and directly conducting and cooling the cooling cavity through the cold conducting sheet to cool the superconducting magnet to the working temperature.
Further, step 2 is to fill the cooling cavity with nitrogen as a coolant; the cold guide sheet cools the superconducting magnet to working temperature through the cooling cavity and the nitrogen fixation coolant
Further, the process of filling the nitrogen fixation coolant comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, keeping the opening state of a ventilation valve of a cooling cavity, and injecting liquid nitrogen into the cooling cavity to a given liquid level height;
and 2.2, starting the low-temperature refrigerator, cooling the cooling cavity and the liquid nitrogen through the cold guide sheet until the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is 70K, and closing the ventilation valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the refrigeration device designed by the invention simplifies and reliabilizes the refrigeration of the high-temperature superconducting magnet;
(2) the cold guide plate and the limiting plate give consideration to both cold guide capacity and anti-vibration performance, and the cold guide capacity and the anti-vibration capacity are positively correlated, so that the defect of taking the cold guide plate and the limiting plate out of the cold guide plate and the anti-vibration capacity is avoided;
(3) the direct cold conduction or the nitrogen fixation and cold conduction filling is adopted, so that the magnetic suspension train with different power supply reliability is suitable; when the power supply is reliable, the weight of the superconducting magnet cooling system can be greatly reduced by utilizing direct conduction refrigeration; when the power supply is unreliable, the superconducting magnet can be continuously maintained to work under the condition that the cryogenic refrigerator cannot run due to the high specific heat capacity of the fixed nitrogen.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a superconducting magnet cooling apparatus for a superconducting magnetic levitation train in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the cooling chamber of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cold guide plate according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram showing a test result of a vibration resistance test of a superconducting magnet in a method for using a superconducting magnet cooling apparatus for a superconducting magnetic levitation train according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
1-a low-temperature refrigerator; 2-a cold conducting sheet; 3-upper end cover; 4-a cavity; 5-conducting the cold plate; 6-superconducting magnet; 7-a limiting plate; 8-a suspender.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a cooling apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a view showing an internal structure of a cooling chamber shown in fig. 1.
The cooling device shown in fig. 1 comprises a cryogenic refrigerator 1, a cold guide plate 2 and a cooling cavity; one end of the cold guide sheet 2 is connected with the low-temperature refrigerator 1, and the other end is connected with the cooling cavity; and a superconducting magnet 6 is arranged in the cooling cavity.
The cryocooler 1 of the embodiment is directly connected with the cold conduction sheet 2, the cold conduction sheet 2 is directly connected with the cooling cavity, the cold quantity of the cryocooler 1 is directly conducted to the cooling cavity, the structure is simple, and the cryocooler is suitable for a nitrogen fixation temperature region of the cryocooler 1, which enables the working temperature of the superconducting magnet 6 to be 20K-66K. Considering the technical limitation of the existing refrigerator and the fact that the critical temperature of the low-temperature superconducting magnet is lower than 20K, for the case that the superconducting magnet 6 is a low-temperature superconducting magnet, the invention can also add the cold conducting fins 2, so that one end of one part of the cold conducting fins 2 is connected with the primary cold head of the low-temperature refrigerator 1, the other end is connected with the cooling cavity, one end of the other part of the cold conducting fins 2 penetrates into the cooling cavity and is connected with the superconducting magnet 6, and the other end is connected with the secondary cold head of the low-temperature.
In order to fully transfer the cold energy of the low-temperature refrigerator 1, preferably, the material of the cold guide plate 2 is high-purity oxygen-free copper or oxygen-free aluminum; the number of the cold conducting fins 2 and the contact position with the cooling cavity are selected according to the shape of the cooling cavity 1 and the requirement of the actual cold conducting effect, for example, the cooling cavity is distributed in an annular distributed manner, or more cold conducting fins 2 are arranged on the surface of the cooling cavity near the position of the superconducting magnet 6.
In this embodiment, the cold conducting strip 2 is an oxygen-free copper strip impregnated with insulation. However, it should be noted that the cold guiding plate 2 may be made of a cold guiding material with a certain cross section, and is not limited to a structure in which cold guiding strips are woven or stacked.
Considering that the external environment temperature is generally far higher than the critical temperature of the superconducting magnet 6, in order to reduce the heat radiation and the unnecessary cooling loss or influence the refrigeration effect caused by conduction or convection, preferably, the cooling cavity is set to be a closed structure; in order to prevent the structure from generating eddy current under the action of the superconducting magnet 6 with larger current and facilitate the manufacturing process, preferably, the closed cooling cavity comprises an upper end cover 3 and a cavity 4, the upper end cover 3 is a non-magnetic material, and the cavity 4 is made of aluminum alloy material subjected to hard anodic oxidation treatment.
In this embodiment, the aluminum alloy material of the cavity 4 is 6063 aluminum alloy; 6063 aluminum alloy has good insulating property and good thermal conductivity at low temperature (20-66K), so that the whole cavity 4 can be uniformly cooled when cold is transferred; the upper end cap 3 is made of 304 stainless steel with low magnetic permeability so as to avoid interference with the magnetic field of the superconducting magnet 6.
In practical use, the superconducting magnet 6 has a large volume and weight, the power of the cryocooler 1 is limited due to the limitation of the current cooling technology, the cooling time required before the cryocooler is put into use again after initial use and maintenance is usually as long as several hours to several days, and the cost of the train which consumes a large amount of cost can be reduced or made profitable by using a high frequency. In order to further improve the cooling effect and reduce the cooling time of the superconducting magnet 6, preferably, a plurality of cold conducting plates 5 connected with the upper end cover 3 are further arranged in the cooling cavity; the cold conduction plate 5 is positioned between the superconducting magnets 6 in the cooling cavity; the cold conducting plate 5 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cooling cavity and each superconducting magnet 6; the cold conducting plate 5 is a cold conducting material.
Also, in view of manufacturing convenience, insulation of the cold conduction material and thermal conductivity at the critical temperature of the superconducting magnet 6, it is preferable that the cold conduction plate 5 is selected from an aluminum alloy material after hard anodizing.
As shown in fig. 2, the superconducting magnets 6 in the cavity 4 are divided into two groups, i.e., a left group and a right group, each group having 4 superconducting magnets 6, and 8 superconducting magnets 6. A cold conducting plate 5 is clamped between the superconducting magnets 6 to serve as a cold source. The cold conduction plate 5 is made of 6063 aluminum alloy after hard anodic oxidation. This design ensures that each superconducting magnet 6 is kept compact while being cooled. Meanwhile, the cold conducting plate 5 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cavity 4, so that the cold energy of the cryogenic refrigerator 1 can be uniformly transmitted to the cavity 4 through the cold conducting plate 2, and further the cold conducting plate 5 is used for finally cooling each superconducting magnet 6.
In order to further reduce the influence of external environment heat radiation and heat exchange on the cooling device, preferably, a plurality of foam radiation-proof covers or vacuum covers can be arranged outside the cooling cavity.
Example two
Fig. 3 shows a structure of a cold guide plate according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In consideration of inevitable vibration of the maglev train applied in the invention during the process of running and when the train is suspended off the track and returns to the track, in order to prevent the superconducting magnet 6 from shifting in the cooling cavity due to the vibration, the magnet in the maglev train is fixed by various fixing structures in the traditional method. However, in the conventional method, the number of structures for fixing the magnets is positively correlated with the quality, and excessive fixing structures not only affect the heat dissipation effect of the superconducting magnet 6, but also increase the weight load to the train, so that the train operation efficiency is reduced, and the operation speed and the passenger capacity are correspondingly affected. In order to solve the problem of vibration of a maglev train and the problem of contradiction between a fixing device for preventing magnet vibration and a refrigeration effect, preferably, the cold guide plate 5 is connected with the upper end cover 3 through a hanger rod 8, and the cold guide plate 5 is also provided with a limiting plate 7 around each superconducting magnet 6 to limit the movement of the superconducting magnets 6; and the limiting plate 7 is made of cold conducting material. In order to avoid that the use of the limiting plate 7 affects the heat dissipation effect of the superconducting magnet 6, the limiting plate 7 is preferably tightly attached to the inner wall of the cooling cavity.
In this embodiment, the superconducting magnet 6 and the cold conducting plate 5 are installed at an interval, the top end of the cold conducting plate 5 is supported by a suspension rod, and the side surface of the cold conducting plate is the limiting plate 7 made of 6063 aluminum alloy, so that the superconducting magnet 6 can be prevented from being displaced due to vibration in three movement directions. The limiting plate 7 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cooling cavity, and the superconducting magnet 6 is tightly attached to the cold conducting plate, so that the attaching area of the superconducting magnet 6 and the cold conducting plate 5 is effectively increased, the number of suspended parts of the superconducting magnet 6 is reduced, the amplification of the superconducting magnet 6 on vibration acceleration in the running process of the maglev train is reduced, the mechanical safety of the magnet is guaranteed, and the refrigerating effect on the superconducting magnet is further enhanced. In addition, adopt aluminium system material lead cold plate 5 and limiting plate 7, on the basis of guaranteeing insulating nature and good temperature-conducting property, can also make wholly cooling chamber 3 is compact, the total weight is lighter.
Considering that the suspension rod 8 needs to have certain torque performance in a low-temperature environment (20K-66K) and needs to be insulated and have low magnetic permeability or non-magnetic permeability, the suspension rod 8 is preferably made of epoxy glass reinforced plastic material.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment describes in detail a method for using a superconducting magnet cooling apparatus for a superconducting maglev train according to the present invention through a specific experiment.
and 2, starting the cryogenic refrigerator, and directly conducting and cooling the cooling cavity through the cold conducting sheet to cool the superconducting magnet to the working temperature.
In step 1, firstly, the closed cooling cavity provided with the superconducting magnet 6 is vacuumized to avoid water vapor condensation. After the vacuum pumping is finished, the cryogenic refrigerator 1 is started, and the cold energy is transmitted to the superconducting magnet 6 through the close contact of the cold conducting sheet 2, the cooling cavity and a plurality of rows of the superconducting magnet 6 until the superconducting magnet 6 is cooled to be below the working temperature. The refrigeration mode is simple and quick, can greatly reduce the weight of the whole device, is very suitable for facilities sensitive to the weight, and has higher power supply reliability for the magnetic suspension train. For trains with low power supply reliability, auxiliary refrigeration is preferably performed by filling nitrogen fixation in the cooling cavity. The melting point of the nitrogen fixation is 66K, and the melting point of the nitrogen fixation is lower than the highest critical temperature (92K) of the high-temperature superconducting magnet and the highest recommended temperature (77K) suitable for operation. The nitrogen fixation is filled in the cooling cavity as a coolant, so that the superconducting magnet 6 can be more favorably contacted in all directions, the cold conduction performance is improved compared with direct cold conduction, and the buffer during vibration can be further provided for the superconducting magnet 6; in addition, the higher specific heat capacity of the fixed nitrogen has certain heat sink, and an additional cold source can be provided in a short time when the refrigerating capacity of the low-temperature refrigerator 1 is insufficient, so that the superconducting magnet 6 is prevented from quenching due to power interruption or damage of the low-temperature refrigerator 1.
Considering that the operation temperature is low when the nitrogen fixation is directly filled, the filling uniformity is insufficient, the liquid nitrogen is directly filled, and then when the liquid nitrogen is cooled to the nitrogen fixation, the requirement on the sealing property of the cooling cavity is high easily due to the excessive filling of the liquid nitrogen, the deformation (such as expansion deformation) of the cooling cavity is easily caused, and the final nitrogen fixation cannot be filled in the cooling cavity due to the insufficient amount of the liquid nitrogen. For solving the problem, this embodiment adopts and solves above-mentioned not enough through set up the breather valve on the cooling chamber, specifically includes following step:
step 2.1, keeping the opening state of a ventilation valve of a cooling cavity, and injecting liquid nitrogen into the cooling cavity to a given liquid level height;
2.2, starting the low-temperature refrigerator, and cooling the cooling cavity and the liquid nitrogen through a cold guide sheet until the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is 70K; the vent valve is closed.
In addition, liquid nitrogen with a certain liquid level is firstly injected into the cooling cavity, and the superconducting magnet 6 is immersed into the liquid nitrogen with lower temperature (the boiling point of the nitrogen is 77K under the standard atmospheric pressure), so that the superconducting magnet 6 can be rapidly cooled; and the low-temperature liquid nitrogen can be stored and prepared in advance, which is beneficial to saving the maintenance time for cooling the maglev train magnet. When the liquid nitrogen is just poured into the cooling cavity, the temperature is 77K, gas and liquid coexist at the moment, and the ventilation valve is opened to prevent the nitrogen from expanding and exploding; when the liquid nitrogen is cooled to 70K and is pure liquid nitrogen, the ventilation valve is closed at the moment, so that the expansion of the cooling cavity cannot be caused, and the loss of cold energy can be reduced. Then, with the vent valve closed, the liquid nitrogen continues to cool to 66K freezing and lower temperatures
In order to further explain the vibration buffering effect of the limiting plate 7 on the superconducting magnet 6, a hardware platform is further built for practical tests, and the experimental result is shown in fig. 4.
In this embodiment, the cooling device includes a cryocooler 1, a cold conducting sheet 2 made of an oxygen-free copper material, an upper end cover 3 made of a low-permeability stainless steel material, a cavity 4 made of an aluminum alloy material, a cold conducting plate 5 made of an aluminum alloy material, a limiting plate 7 made of an aluminum alloy material, and a hanger rod 8; the superconducting magnets 6 in the cavity 4 are divided into a left group and a right group, each group comprises 4 superconducting magnets 6, and the number of the superconducting magnets 6 is 8; the superconducting magnet 6 and the cold guide plate 5 are installed at intervals, the top end of the cold guide plate 5 is supported by a hanger rod, and the side surface of the cold guide plate is provided with a limit plate 7 made of 6063 aluminum alloy; the limiting plate 7 and the cold conducting plate 5 are tightly attached to the superconducting magnet 6 and the cavity 4. Under the same condition, the vibration acceleration under the normal temperature condition is more violent than that of a refrigeration mode adopting direct conduction cooling or nitrogen fixation auxiliary refrigeration. In order to sufficiently demonstrate the vibration damping effect of the limiting plate 7 on the superconducting magnet 6, the present example is a test performed under normal temperature conditions.
In fig. 4, curve 1 shows the vibration acceleration of superconducting magnet 6 at various frequencies when cold conduction plate 5 and limit plate 7 are present, and curve 2 shows the experimental result when cold conduction plate 5 and limit plate 7 are absent. As can be seen from fig. 4, when the reference vibration acceleration is 15g and the frequency is 5 to 350Hz (the operating condition of the high-speed magnetic levitation train), when the cold conducting plate 5 and the limiting plate 7 are attached to the superconducting magnet 6, the amplification of the vibration acceleration by the superconducting magnet 6 is much smaller than that of the case without the attachment.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A superconducting magnet cooling device for a superconducting maglev train is characterized by comprising a cryogenic refrigerator, a cold conducting sheet and a cooling cavity; one end of the cold guide sheet is connected with the low-temperature refrigerator, and the other end of the cold guide sheet is connected with the cooling cavity; a superconducting magnet is arranged in the cooling cavity;
the low-temperature refrigerator enables the operating temperature of the superconducting magnet to be 20K-66K;
the cooling cavity is of a closed structure and comprises a cavity body and an upper end cover; the upper end cover is made of a non-magnetic-conductive material, and the cavity material is made of an aluminum alloy material subjected to hard anodic oxidation treatment; the aluminum alloy material is 6063 aluminum alloy; the upper end cover is made of 304 type stainless steel;
a cold guide plate connected with the upper end cover is further arranged in the cooling cavity; the cold conduction plate is positioned between the superconducting magnets in the cooling cavity; the cold guide plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cooling cavity and each superconducting magnet; the cold conducting plate is made of cold conducting materials; the cold conducting material is 6063 aluminum alloy after hard anodic oxidation;
the cold conducting plate is connected with the upper end cover through a hanger rod, and limiting plates are further arranged on the periphery of the superconducting magnet of the cold conducting plate to limit the movement of the superconducting magnet; the limiting plate is made of a cold conducting material, and the cold conducting material is 6063 aluminum alloy; the hanger rod is made of epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic material;
a plurality of foam radiation-proof covers or vacuum covers are arranged outside the cooling cavity; and a ventilation valve is arranged on the cooling cavity.
2. Use of a superconducting magnet cooling arrangement for a superconducting magnetic levitation train according to claim 1, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, installing a superconducting magnet in a cooling cavity, sealing the cooling cavity and vacuumizing;
step 2, starting the cryogenic refrigerator, and directly conducting and cooling the cooling cavity through the cold conducting sheet to cool the superconducting magnet to the working temperature;
wherein, the step 2 is to fill the cooling cavity with nitrogen as a coolant; the cold guide sheet cools the superconducting magnet to working temperature through the cooling cavity and the nitrogen fixation coolant;
wherein the process of filling the nitrogen fixation coolant comprises the steps of:
step 2.1, keeping the opening state of a ventilation valve of a cooling cavity, and injecting liquid nitrogen into the cooling cavity to a given liquid level height;
and 2.2, starting the low-temperature refrigerator, cooling the cooling cavity and the liquid nitrogen through the cold guide sheet until the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is 70K, and closing the ventilation valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910168170.3A CN109887701B (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Superconducting magnet cooling device for superconducting magnetic suspension train and use method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910168170.3A CN109887701B (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Superconducting magnet cooling device for superconducting magnetic suspension train and use method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109887701A CN109887701A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109887701B true CN109887701B (en) | 2021-01-01 |
Family
ID=66930956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910168170.3A Active CN109887701B (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Superconducting magnet cooling device for superconducting magnetic suspension train and use method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109887701B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112509778B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-07-20 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | High-temperature superconducting magnet device for superconducting maglev train and use method |
| CN113990599A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-28 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Superconducting magnet device and superconducting magnetic levitation train |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1395707A (en) * | 1971-05-25 | 1975-05-29 | British Oxygen Co Ltd | Superconducting device |
| JP2002208512A (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-07-26 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | High-temperature superconducting coil cooling method and cooling structure |
| CN101615469A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-12-30 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | The high-temperature superconductive magnet system of high heat capacity material protection |
| CN102299022A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2011-12-28 | 南京丰盛超导技术有限公司 | Mechanical heat switch for refrigerating machine to directly cool superconducting magnet |
| CN103366917A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-23 | 清华大学 | Refrigerating device and high-temperature superconducting magnet refrigerating device |
| CN204926949U (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-30 | 潍坊新力超导磁电科技有限公司 | Low temperature superconducting magnet dewar device and cylinder type superconducting magnetic separa tor |
| CN205428618U (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-03 | 宁波健信机械有限公司 | Superconductive magnet |
| CN106449004A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-02-22 | 华北电力大学 | Conduction cooling superconducting magnet based on ReBCo coating superconducting sheet |
| CN206003577U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-03-08 | 河南省豫星华晶微钻有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature superconducting magnet cold guide apparatus |
-
2019
- 2019-03-06 CN CN201910168170.3A patent/CN109887701B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1395707A (en) * | 1971-05-25 | 1975-05-29 | British Oxygen Co Ltd | Superconducting device |
| JP2002208512A (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-07-26 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | High-temperature superconducting coil cooling method and cooling structure |
| CN101615469A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-12-30 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | The high-temperature superconductive magnet system of high heat capacity material protection |
| CN102299022A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2011-12-28 | 南京丰盛超导技术有限公司 | Mechanical heat switch for refrigerating machine to directly cool superconducting magnet |
| CN103366917A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-23 | 清华大学 | Refrigerating device and high-temperature superconducting magnet refrigerating device |
| CN204926949U (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-30 | 潍坊新力超导磁电科技有限公司 | Low temperature superconducting magnet dewar device and cylinder type superconducting magnetic separa tor |
| CN205428618U (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-03 | 宁波健信机械有限公司 | Superconductive magnet |
| CN106449004A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-02-22 | 华北电力大学 | Conduction cooling superconducting magnet based on ReBCo coating superconducting sheet |
| CN206003577U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-03-08 | 河南省豫星华晶微钻有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature superconducting magnet cold guide apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109887701A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7816826B2 (en) | Thermosyphon cooled superconductor | |
| JP4854396B2 (en) | Cryostat structure with low-temperature refrigerator | |
| CN109887701B (en) | Superconducting magnet cooling device for superconducting magnetic suspension train and use method | |
| US7528510B2 (en) | Superconducting machine device with a superconducting winding and thermosiphon cooling | |
| US20080164782A1 (en) | Machine Device with Thermosiphon Cooling of Its Superconductive Rotor Winding | |
| US10082549B2 (en) | System and method for cooling a magnetic resonance imaging device | |
| JP5972368B2 (en) | Cooling container | |
| CN112712958B (en) | High-temperature superconducting magnet cooled by liquid nitrogen shielding mixed liquid medium | |
| CN108922725B (en) | Nitrogen fixation low-temperature container for bearing superconducting magnet | |
| Bon Mardion et al. | Helium II in low-temperature and superconductive magnet engineering | |
| CN215069486U (en) | Conduction cooling type high-temperature superconducting electric suspension magnet structure | |
| EP2085720B1 (en) | Cryogenic container with built-in refrigerator | |
| JP5191800B2 (en) | Cooling vessel and superconducting device | |
| CN213242118U (en) | Low-temperature cooling device and cooling system of dry superconducting magnet | |
| CN201178012Y (en) | Superconducting magnet refrigerating mechanism | |
| CN114520086A (en) | Low-temperature cooling device and cooling system of dry superconducting magnet and operation method of cooling system | |
| CN101752050A (en) | Magnetic field shielding device of high-temperature superconducting coil | |
| CN112562960A (en) | Superconducting magnet system, nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus, and nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus cooling method | |
| US11227709B2 (en) | Superconducting magnet | |
| CN109887702B (en) | Current lead for magnet excitation of high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation train | |
| KR101517138B1 (en) | System and method for cooling superconducting magnet | |
| JP2008091802A (en) | Cryogenic container | |
| CN111587464A (en) | Superconducting magnet with thermal battery | |
| KR102618452B1 (en) | Cooling apparatus for superconducting fault current limiter | |
| CN111081448B (en) | Thermal bus for low temperature applications |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Huang Zhen Inventor after: Dong Fangliang Inventor after: Hao Luning Inventor before: Dong Fangliang Inventor before: Hao Luning Inventor before: Huang Zhen |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20240613 Address after: 200240 No. 800, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, Minhang District Patentee after: Huang Zhen Country or region after: China Address before: 200240 No. 800, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, Minhang District Patentee before: SHANGHAI JIAO TONG University Country or region before: China |