CN109887615A - Surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy methods, by obtaining noon before that day star surface temperature data and that morning star surface temperature data；Using noon before that day star surface temperature data as light minimum moment surface temperature data are worked as, two model parameters are calculated, obtain the temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model for working as the peak moment light minimum Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice at moment；It calculates further according to the model of acquisition when light peak moment surface temperature data；That afternoon star surface temperature data are obtained again, and using that afternoon star surface temperature data as the second light minimum moment surface temperature data, two model parameters are calculated again, obtain the temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model for working as light peak moment to the second light minimum moment.The present invention reduces the complexities in terms of data acquisition, and realize adjacent two days temperature changes simulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surface temperature mechanical periodicity analogue technique field more particularly to a kind of surface temperature period diurnal variations
Analogy method.
Background technique
Surface temperature is the important parameter for reflecting earth surface environment, in climate change, agricultural arid monitoring and Urban Thermal
The fields such as island effect play an important role.
Satellite remote sensing can constantly provide earth observation data in a short time, be the important means for obtaining surface temperature.Often
Moderate Imaging Spectroradiomete MODIS and very high resolution scanning radiometer AVHRR can provide the hot number in the whole world 2 times a day
According to being widely used in urban heat island monitoring, draught monitor etc..However satellite data is difficult to provide surface temperature at any time
The diurnal variation information of variation, this affects greatly meteorological, weather and research of the hydrology etc..Currently, using surface temperature day
Variation model simulates surface temperature in one day and changes with time situation, preferably resolves the above problem.
Surface temperature diurnal variation model is typically based on the equation of heat conduction and energy-balance equation is established, these models are adopted respectively
Surface temperature Diurnal Variation is described with different mathematical forms and model parameter.In general, the variation of earth's surface day temperature is usual
Using sinusoidal (cosine) function description, nocturnal temperature variation is described using exponential function or hyperbolic function.Common earth's surface temperature
The algorithm that variation model of subsisting uses includes: that sine-index method, Tk method and piecewise linearity correct method, this three kinds of analogy method essences
Quite, simulation is better than night to degree on effect daytime.
Existing surface temperature diurnal variation model all includes generally 5-6 free parameter, at least needs 5-6 surface temperature
Data solve the free parameter of model, and the case where surface temperature changes over time in one day can be depicted.Currently,
The available 1 temperature observation data of stationary weather satellite every 15min or 30min, but its spatial resolution is lower, only 3-
5km.Existing polar-orbiting satellite has higher spatial resolution, generally 1km, but polar-orbiting satellite was only capable of at most of regional one days
4 observation data are obtained, the solution requirement of 5-6 free parameter of model is all unable to satisfy.Meanwhile surface temperature is not only at one day
Interior variation be it is continuous, temperature change all has continuity even in a longer period of time within adjacent two days.And in existing model
In, the situation that temperature variation curve is continuous in one day is only accounted for mostly, has ignored the continuity of the two days temperature changes in front and back.This
So that in practical applications, there are biggish limitations, especially meteorological, the hydrology research is caused greatly not convenient.How
The model that temperature change is continuous and free parameter is less is obtained, a great problem is become.
Therefore, against the above deficiency, need to realize by a kind of model of new model to earth's surface temperature cycle diurnal variation
Simulation, reduce its free parameter, and be concerned about the continuity of adjacent two days temperature changes.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that for surface temperature diurnal variation model-free parameter in the prior art compared with
It is more, it is not easy to solve, and do not account for the successional defect of adjacent two days temperature changes, a kind of surface temperature period day change is provided
Change analogy method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy methods, comprising:
Surface temperature data are obtained using MODIS morning star Terra and star Aqua in afternoon；
Obtain noon before that day star Aqua surface temperature data and that morning star Terra surface temperature data；It will be previous
Star Aqua surface temperature data in its afternoon, which are used as, works as light minimum moment surface temperature data, calculates sine function simulation soil
Two model parameters of warm slope equation obtain the temperature ramps surface temperature for working as the peak moment light minimum Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice at moment
Diurnal variation model；
It is calculated by temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and works as light peak moment surface temperature data；It obtains again
That afternoon star Aqua surface temperature data, and using that afternoon star Aqua surface temperature data as when the second light minimum
Surface temperature data are carved, then calculate two model parameters of sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation, obtains and works as light peak
The temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model at moment to the second light minimum moment；
Then, pass through temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation pattern die
Quasi- surface temperature diurnal variation.
In surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to the present invention, when the morning star Terra passes by
Between be 10:30, star Aqua transit time in afternoon be 22:30；When the day minimum moment is 02, peak moment day is 14
When.
In surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to the present invention, the light minimum moment pair is worked as in setting
Should be in A point, then the sine curve coordinate of A point is (- pi/2, tmin), tminFor when light minimum moment surface temperature value；The same day
10:30 corresponds to B point, and B point sine curve coordinate is (5 pi/2s 4, tm), tmFor moment on same day 10:30 surface temperature value.
In surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to the present invention, the sine curve of A point and B point is sat
Mark substitutes into sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation, obtains:
tmin=α sin (- pi/2)+β,
tm=α sin (5 pi/2 4)+β；
It calculates and obtains the first model parameter α and the second model parameter β, to obtain temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation
Model.
In surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to the present invention, the light peak moment pair is worked as in setting
Should be in C point, then the sine curve coordinate of C point is (pi/2, tmax), tmaxFor when light peak moment surface temperature value；
It is calculated according to temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and obtains tmax。
In surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to the present invention, set for the second light minimum moment
Corresponding to D point, then the sine curve coordinate of D point is (3 pi/2s, t 'min), t 'minFor the second light minimum moment surface temperature
Value.
In surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to the present invention, in conjunction with when the light peak moment
Table temperature value tmaxWith second day minimum moment surface temperature value t 'min, then calculate sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation
Two model parameters obtain temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model.
Angle in surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to the present invention, in the sine curve coordinate
Angle value is hour angle, the corresponding hour angle ω of time point iiAre as follows:
Wherein N indicates the number of each hour simulation temperature value.
In surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to the present invention, the hour angle ωiPreparation method
Are as follows:
It is 12 hours from A point to C point, generates 12N surface temperature value, is obtained by linear homogeneous interpolation method:
Wherein ωBIndicate corresponding 5 pi/2 4, ω of hour angle of B pointAIndicate the corresponding hour angle-pi/2 of A point.
Implement surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method of the invention, has the advantages that utilization of the present invention
Two moment surface temperature data of MODIS morning star Terra and star Aqua in afternoon acquisition can calculate two model ginsengs of acquisition
Number obtains temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation mould to calculate separately
Type reduces the complexity in terms of data acquisition.Meanwhile the present invention is in view of surface temperature is not only in intraday variation company
Continuous, adjacent two days temperature changes are also continuous, intend using sinusoidal discrete method, model is divided into two stages to simulate surface temperature
Diurnal variation, method are easily achieved, and application is strong.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the exemplary process diagram of surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 is certain observation ground surface temperature period diurnal variation simulation curve figure under the conditions of clear sky according to the present invention；
Fig. 3 is with measuring the observation obtained morning star and star in afternoon on May 3rd, 2018 surface temperature product pseudo color composing
Scheme (RGB: day before yesterday 22:30,10:30,22:30)；
Fig. 4 is the observation that is obtained using the method for the present invention simulation ground on May 3rd, 2018 according to the surface temperature data of Fig. 3
Earth's surface day of clear sky transformation temperature simulates pseudo color composing figure (when RGB:3, when 14, when 22).
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Specific embodiment one, the present invention provides a kind of surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy methods, in conjunction with Fig. 1 institute
Show, comprising:
Surface temperature data are obtained using MODIS morning star Terra and star Aqua in afternoon；
Obtain noon before that day star Aqua surface temperature data and that morning star Terra surface temperature data；It will be previous
Star Aqua surface temperature data in its afternoon, which are used as, works as light minimum moment surface temperature data, calculates sine function simulation soil
Two model parameters of warm slope equation obtain the temperature ramps surface temperature for working as the peak moment light minimum Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice at moment
Diurnal variation model；
It is calculated by temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and works as light peak moment surface temperature data；It obtains again
That afternoon star Aqua surface temperature data, and using that afternoon star Aqua surface temperature data as when the second light minimum
Surface temperature data are carved, then calculate two model parameters of sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation, obtains and works as light peak
The temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model at moment to the second light minimum moment；
Then, pass through temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation pattern die
Quasi- surface temperature diurnal variation.
Sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation described in present embodiment be the diurnal variation of surface temperature period simulation in,
International equation.The present invention is by morning star Terra and two moment temperature that afternoon, star Aqua can be obtained within one day
Degree is according to as known conditions；And it using the temperature value of star Aqua in afternoon acquisition as time degree/day minimum, is obtained to calculate
Two model parameters of sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation；It is verified, the temperature value of afternoon star Aqua acquisition and next day
The degree/day minimum temperature difference is minimum, can be ignored, therefore does not influence the precision of model parameter calculation.The method of the present invention considers
The continuity of the two days temperature changes of continuity and front and back changed in by surface temperature one day, by surface temperature diurnal variation model point
For temperature ramps and temperature descending branch, so that the simulation to the two days temperature consecutive variations in front and back can be realized.
The surface temperature data obtained to three acquisitions, including noon before that day star Aqua earth's surface are shared in present embodiment
Temperature data, that morning star Terra surface temperature data and that afternoon star Aqua surface temperature data.Noon before that day star
Aqua surface temperature data and that morning star Terra surface temperature data are used as temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model
The calculating of parameter；That afternoon star Aqua surface temperature data are used as the meter of temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model parameter
It calculates.
The MODIS morning star Terra and star Aqua surface temperature data in afternoon can pass through image reading.Finally by two
After surface temperature diurnal variation model generates degree/day change curve, temperature change image can be generated by pixel in the picture.
Further, the morning star Terra transit time is 10:30, and star Aqua transit time in afternoon is 22:30；It is described
When minimum moment day is 02, when peak moment day is 14.
In present embodiment, it is assumed that peak moment surface temperature day is 12h more late than minimum moment day, that is to say, that ground
12h is the next day surface temperature day minimum moment after peak moment table temperature day occurs.It shows according to statistics, surface temperature day becomes
When change minimum is generally present in 02, peak is at 14, and star Aqua transit time in afternoon is 22:30, extremely by same day 22:30
Difference variation when next day 02 is minimum, therefore temperature when star Aqua in the afternoon surface temperature value obtained can be assumed to be next day 02
Degree evidence.Wherein, day peak moment corresponding hour angle is pi/2, and minimum moment day corresponding hour angle is-pi/2；The day of next day
Minimum moment corresponding hour angle is 3 pi/2s, and the peak moment day corresponding hour angle of next day is 5 pi/2s；The day on other dates is most
Low value moment and peak moment day corresponding hour angle and so on.Since the adjacent day minimum of day peak is possible to not
Together, therefore, from day most as low as highest and from day up to minimum variation when, the sine curve and equation of earth's surface also can be different.
Further, setting when the light minimum moment correspond to A point, then the sine curve coordinate of A point be (- pi/2,
tmin), tminFor when light minimum moment surface temperature value；Same day 10:30 correspond to B point, B point sine curve coordinate be (5 π/
24,tm), tmFor moment on same day 10:30 surface temperature value.Wherein, when the A point corresponds to the 02 of the same day.
Surface temperature value is from the minimum moment in the period at peak moment and from the peak moment to the minimum moment
Period in by sinusoidal rule change, therefore, sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation can indicate are as follows:
ti=α sin ωi+ β,
Wherein tiIndicate the surface temperature value at time point i moment.By surface temperature by minimum to peak transformation period
Section and surface temperature are solved respectively by peak to minimum transformation period section, obtain the number of two couples of model parameters α and β
Value；One pair of them model parameter is in temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model, another pair model parameter to be used for temperature
In descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model.In two models, hour angle ω is determined respectivelyiAfterwards, the corresponding moment can be predicted
Surface temperature value.
Further, the sine curve coordinate of A point and B point is substituted into sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation, obtained:
tmin=α sin (- pi/2)+β,
tm=α sin (5 pi/2 4)+β；
It calculates and obtains the first model parameter α and the second model parameter β, to obtain temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation
Model.
It uses in present embodiment and is the reason of MODIS surface temperature data: firstly, MODIS surface temperature data exist
The fields such as surface temperature monitoring are using relatively broad, data acquisition simplicity；Secondly, the MODIS data of every day can pass through two
Satellite sensor obtains the surface temperature data at two moment of the morning and afternoon, can be used in the calculating of SIN function parameter,
And then realize the simulation of day surface temperature data.
After obtaining temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model, since model parameter is it is known that and when light highest
The hour angle at value moment can be identified as pi/2, therefore, further,
Setting corresponds to C point when the light peak moment, then the sine curve coordinate of C point is (pi/2, tmax), tmaxTo work as
Light peak moment surface temperature value；
It is calculated according to temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and obtains tmax。
Further, setting the second light minimum moment correspond to D point, then the sine curve coordinate of D point be (3 pi/2s,
t′min), t 'minFor the second light minimum moment surface temperature value.It, at this time ought be all over the world when the D point corresponds to second day 02
Noon star Aqua, surface temperature data were as t 'min。
It has determined after the surface temperature data at light peak moment and the second light minimum moment, it can be into one
Step calculates two model parameters of descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model, specifically:
In conjunction with as light peak moment surface temperature value tmaxWith second day minimum moment surface temperature value t 'min, then
Two model parameters of sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation are calculated, temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model is obtained.
The calculation formula and the diurnal variation of ascent stage surface temperature of descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation two model parameters of model
The calculation of model is identical.After obtaining two model parameters of descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model, can model accordingly, knot
Close determining hour angle numerical value, calculate by when the light peak moment to the second light minimum moment therebetween, the ground at a certain moment
Table temperature value.
The present invention keeps analog result more acurrate using the diurnal variation of discrete method simulation surface temperature.
Further, the angle value in the sine curve coordinate is hour angle, the corresponding hour angle ω of time point iiAre as follows:
Wherein N indicates the number of each hour simulation temperature value.
In present embodiment, it is assumed that simulate within each hour N number of surface temperature value, then will generate 12 N's from A point to C point
Surface temperature value, due to being 12h from A point to the corresponding time interval of C point, time spaced points are 12N, then can calculate acquisition
Hour angle ωi。
Further, the hour angle ωiPreparation method are as follows:
It is 12 hours from A point to C point, generates 12N surface temperature value, is obtained by linear homogeneous interpolation method:
Wherein ωBIndicate corresponding 5 pi/2 4, ω of hour angle of B pointAIndicate the corresponding hour angle-pi/2 of A point.
Present embodiment is used to calculate the hour angle of prediction time.In the model parameter of temperature ramps and temperature descending branch point
Not Que Ding after, according to the hour angle of prediction time, the surface temperature data for obtaining each moment can be corresponded to.
As an example, taking N number of simulation moment of constant duration in per hour, hour angle ω is determined according to above formulaiAfter, lead to
Corresponding surface temperature diurnal variation model is crossed, the surface temperature value t for obtaining the time point i moment can be solvedi, to generate diurnal variation
Surface temperature value, and then obtain temperature daily variation diagram picture.
Shown in Fig. 2, wherein curve P indicates that observation ground is the surface temperature period diurnal variation simulation curve of rock, curve Q table
It is the surface temperature period diurnal variation simulation curve of soil with showing observation, curve M indicates that observation ground is the earth's surface temperature of artificial atural object
Spend period diurnal variation simulation curve；As shown in Figure 2, using the method for the present invention, on the day of acquisition observation ground can be calculated or front and back two
It surface temperature value.
As an example, it is of the invention the realization process includes:
1) temperature pattern data are read in, proxima luce (prox. luc) MODIS star in the afternoon Aqua 22:30 moment obtained is set as the same day
When the temperature minimum moment 02, when the moment on same day 22:30 is set as the secondary degree/day minimum moment 02.
2) respectively determine degree/day minimum 02 when and the MODIS morning star Terre10:30 moment hour angle, utilize hour angle
Temperature data when calculating the 02 sinusoidal model parameter up to 14 when with corresponding temperature data, and calculating temperature maximum 14；
Data when in conjunction with next day 02 calculate the sinusoidal model parameter in the temperature decline period, complete the model of degree/day change curve
It establishes.
3) setting simulated time interval calculates each moment hour angle according to linear homogeneous interpolation method.
4) angular data and sinusoidal model when combining, generate degree/day change curve, generate temperature by pixel in the picture
Modified-image.
In conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 it is found that the surface temperature data in Fig. 4 are to pass through this according to the surface temperature data in Fig. 3
What inventive method calculating simulation obtained；It follows that the same day or front and back two can be generated by calculating using the method for the present invention
The surface temperature data of its any time.
In conclusion the present invention participates in calculating only with two model parameters, it can preferably be fitted the two days temperature in front and back
Spend full curve.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method, characterized by comprising:
Surface temperature data are obtained using MODIS morning star Terra and star Aqua in afternoon；
Obtain noon before that day star Aqua surface temperature data and that morning star Terra surface temperature data；It will be under the previous day
Noon star Aqua surface temperature data, which are used as, works as light minimum moment surface temperature data, calculates sine function simulation soil Wen Po
Two model parameters of equation obtain and become when the temperature ramps surface temperature day at the peak moment light minimum Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice at moment
Change model；
It is calculated by temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and works as light peak moment surface temperature data；The same day is obtained again
Afternoon star Aqua surface temperature data, and as the second light minimum moment using that afternoon star Aqua surface temperature data
Table temperature data, then two model parameters of sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation are calculated, it obtains and works as the light peak moment
To the temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model at the second light minimum moment；
Then, by temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation modeling
Table temperature diurnal variation.
2. surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The morning star Terra transit time is 10:30, and star Aqua transit time in afternoon is 22:30；The day minimum moment
When being 02, when peak moment day is 14.
3. surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Setting corresponds to A point when the light minimum moment, then the sine curve coordinate of A point is (- pi/2, tmin), tminTo work as light
Minimum moment surface temperature value；Same day 10:30 corresponds to B point, and B point sine curve coordinate is (5 pi/2s 4, tm), tmFor the same day
10:30 moment surface temperature value.
4. surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: just by A point and B point
Chord curve coordinate substitutes into sine function simulation soil temperature slope equation, obtains:
tmin=α sin (- pi/2)+β,
tm=α sin (5 pi/2 4)+β；
It calculates and obtains the first model parameter α and the second model parameter β, to obtain temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation mould
Type.
5. surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: light highest is worked as in setting
It is worth the moment corresponding to C point, then the sine curve coordinate of C point is (pi/2, tmax), tmaxFor when light peak moment surface temperature
Value；
It is calculated according to temperature ramps surface temperature diurnal variation model and obtains tmax。
6. the surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to any one of claim 2 to 5, it is characterised in that: set
The fixed second light minimum moment corresponds to D point, then the sine curve coordinate of D point is (3 pi/2s, t 'min), t 'minFor the second light
Minimum moment surface temperature value.
7. surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: in conjunction with when light highest
It is worth moment surface temperature value tmaxWith second day minimum moment surface temperature value t 'min, then calculate sine function simulation soil temperature
Two model parameters of slope equation obtain temperature descending branch surface temperature diurnal variation model.
8. the surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to any one of claim 3 to 7, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating the angle value in sine curve coordinate is hour angle, the corresponding hour angle ω of time point iiAre as follows:
Wherein N indicates the number of each hour simulation temperature value.
9. surface temperature period diurnal variation analogy method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the hour angle ωiObtain
The method of obtaining are as follows:
It is 12 hours from A point to C point, generates 12N surface temperature value, is obtained by linear homogeneous interpolation method:
Wherein ωBIndicate corresponding 5 pi/2 4, ω of hour angle of B pointAIndicate the corresponding hour angle-pi/2 of A point.
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| SI-BO DUAN等: ""Estimation of diurnal cycle of land surface temperature at night temproal and spatial resolution from clear-sky MODIS data"", 《REMOTE SENSING》 * |
| SI-BODUAN等: ""Evaluation of six land-surface diurnal temperature cycle models using clear-sky in stiu and satellite data Remote Sensing of Environment"", 《REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT》 * |
| WILLIAM J等: ""A model for diurnal variation in soil and air temperature"", 《AGRICULTURAL METEOROLOGY》 * |
| 陈颖 等: ""极轨卫星热红外地表温度日变化模拟"", 《遥感信息》 * |
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| CN109887615B (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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