CN109884479A - A kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system - Google Patents
A kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109884479A CN109884479A CN201910086279.2A CN201910086279A CN109884479A CN 109884479 A CN109884479 A CN 109884479A CN 201910086279 A CN201910086279 A CN 201910086279A CN 109884479 A CN109884479 A CN 109884479A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test systems, including laboratory and control room, the laboratory is equipped with impulse voltage generator, DC charging power supply, capacitive divider, multistage cutting device, impulse voltage divider and impact signal measuring system, the control room is equipped with console, the DC charging power supply is connect with impulse voltage generator, the multistage cutting device and impulse voltage generator pass through cable connection, the console is connect with impulse voltage generator by optical fiber, and the console and capacitive divider pass through cable connection.Advantage: this system practicability is wide, highly-safe, strong anti-interference performance, easy for installation, can apply in the high-tension laboratory of factory, research institution and universities and colleges.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to impact big voltage generator experimental technique field, and in particular to a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system
System.
Background technique
Impulse voltage test system is the testing equipment of analog pulse high voltage.In real life, pulse high-voltage is
It can often encounter.Such as the lightning of nature thunders, and will will appear very high pulse current and voltage at thunderbolt, surrounding
Also very high pulse voltage can be induced；For another example the arteries and veins that operation also results in transient state is cut in the conjunction of switchgear in the power system
Rush voltage.The pulse voltage amplitude of these transient states is often more than tens kilovolts or several hundred kilovolts, it will leads to equipment damage simultaneously
Jeopardize personal safety, therefore the experimental study for carrying out surge voltage is very important.On the other hand, it is existing to simulate natural thunder and lightning
Research as carrying out discharge mechanism is also meaningful.
Impulse voltage test is one of elementary item of high-voltage test of electrical equipment, power equipment in design, manufacture and repair
It is required after copying and carries out impact test to verify or examine.Common power equipment include power transformer, electric power mutual-inductor,
High-voltage switch gear, combined electrical apparatus, arrester, power cable and attachment, casing and insulator etc. will carry out impact test, impact electricity
Pressure test is also one of the elementary item of high-potting research, is carrying out Insulation Coordination research, electromagnetic compatibility research and Electrical Discharge Machine
Many aspects such as reason research require to carry out impulse voltage test, and therefore, impulse voltage test equipment has a wide range of applications,
It can be seen that the impact test equipment of different size in the high-tension laboratory of factory, research institution and universities and colleges.
Summary of the invention
For the demand of actual environment, the present invention provides a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system, this system practicabilities
Extensively, highly-safe, it is strong anti-interference performance, easy for installation, in the high-tension laboratory of factory, research institution and universities and colleges
Using.
To achieve the above object, a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system provided by the invention, including laboratory and control
Room, the laboratory are equipped with impulse voltage generator, DC charging power supply, capacitive divider, multistage cutting device, impact partial pressure
Device and impact signal measuring system, the control room are equipped with console, and the DC charging power supply and impulse voltage generator connect
It connects, by cable connection, the console and impulse voltage generator are logical for the multistage cutting device and impulse voltage generator
Optical fiber connection is crossed, the console and capacitive divider pass through cable connection.
The capable of emitting impulse waveform of various shapes of impulse voltage test system, but according to the needs of experimental study, according to
Regulation in relation to international standard and national standard, it is main to generate following several High Voltage Impulse Waveforms: 1, standard lightning impulse shape,
2, standard switching impulse shape, 3, such as extraordinary switching impulse wave of other special High Voltage Impulse Waveforms.Although surge voltage is sent out
There are many structure types for raw device ontology and DC charging power supply, but basic principle is all using Marx multistage circuit, i.e., electricity at different levels
Container charged in parallel, then discharged in series is to obtain pulse high-voltage.Indicate the major technique ginseng of impulse voltage generator ontology
Number includes:
Voltage rating: the summation of generator maximum charging voltages at different levels.
Specified energy storage: the summation of generator capacitor maximum energy storage at different levels.
For the structure type of different impulse voltage generators, currently used step voltage mainly have 100kV, 150kV,
200kV, 300kV are several, and every grade of capacitance of generator is then needed according to test to reasonably select.The surge voltage of this system
Generator uses the step voltage of 100kV.
Further, impulse voltage generator structure is described as follows:
Impulse voltage generator is designed as indoor use, thoroughly does away with edge column supporting structural using three.At every grade of generator by 3
Column is coupled reliably, and forms stable structure with each other.Every grade of generator has a low inductance, the impact electricity of large capacity
Hold, they are placed on impulse voltage generator structure center.The capacitor use high density solid capacitor, have it is light-weight,
Feature small in size, even if operating continuously under declared working condition, they also have enough service life.The institute used on generator
Resistance be all plug-in type wire-wound resistor.The wave regulating resistor of lightning wave uses noninductive coiling, the inductance with very little.Wave head
Resistance and wave terminal resistance are mounted between two columns of generator.Charging resistor is then mounted on the side of ignition ball gap.DC charging
Power supply (being made of high-tension transformer, times voltage capacitance, high voltage silicon rectifier stack) uses voltage multiplying rectifier mode.High voltage silicon rectifier stack is mounted on one absolutely
It, can its direction of manual change by a simple spring compression joint mechanism in edge support plate.By a protective resistance by direct current
High voltage is output to the first order capacitor of impulse voltage generator.High-voltage high resistance for measuring charging voltage is also mounted at this
On insulation support plate.
The igniting triggering of impulse voltage generator is to be allowed to what electric discharge was completed by triggering the ball gap of most next stage.Therefore
The ball gap of most next stage is designed to three interstitial structures.Trigger pulse is by a high level, fast-changing pulse voltage.It
It is to be generated by firing pulse amplifier.The coupled capacitor of one pulse for detecting generator igniting is mounted on generator
On pedestal.In order to ensure the safety operation of generator, system provides an earthing mechanism.Once generator is abnormal, connect
Ground discharge switch automatic earthing, as a result all impacting electric capacities can will all pass through the electricity of most next stage after first charging resistor
Resistance electric discharge.
Further, punching press divider is resistance-capacitance type capacitive divider, is made of high voltage arm capacitor and low-voltage arm capacitor, as
The basic load of impulse voltage generator is to generate High Voltage Impulse Waveform to match equipment.Simultaneously it will impact high voltage press than
Example is reduced to low-voltage signal, can be measured with peak-reading voltmeter and waveform measurement instrument.
Further, control cabinet, the first pulse amplifier, igniting feedback are additionally provided on the pedestal of the impulse voltage generator
Divider, DC voltage divider.
Further, the pedestal of the cutting device is equipped with the second pulse amplifier.
Further, the control cabinet is equipped with the second operating unit.
Further, the console is equipped with the first operating unit.
Further, the first operating unit on the console and the second operating unit on control cabinet are connected by optical fiber
It connects.
Further, the first operating unit on the console is equipped with computer, oscillograph and peak value and shows table.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: this system is using optical fiber transmission control information, this is very big in the test of high voltage
Ground enhances the safety and anti-tampering property of system, and equipment is avoided to can suffer from the harm of electrion transient process, this system
Practicability is wide, highly-safe, strong anti-interference performance, easy for installation, in the high-tension laboratory of factory, research institution and universities and colleges
In can apply.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, in attached drawing, each element or part simultaneously
Not necessarily drawn according to actual ratio.
Fig. 1 is system arrangement schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is impulse voltage generator of the invention and DC power supply charge power supply schematic illustration.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment of the attached drawing to technical solution of the present invention, following embodiment is only used for
Clearly illustrate technical solution of the present invention, therefore be only used as example, and cannot be used as a limitation and limit protection model of the invention
It encloses.
A kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, including laboratory 1, control room 7, multistage section
Disconnected device 2, impulse voltage generator 3, DC charging power supply 4, impulse voltage divider 5, console 6, as shown in Figure 2: Cs: main capacitance
Rf: wave front resistance Rt: wave terminal resistance Rc: charge protection resistance Cb: times voltage capacitance D: rectification silicon stack Rz: direct current high resistant
Rb: protective resistance T: charging
A kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system of the invention includes laboratory and control room, and the laboratory is equipped with surge voltage
Generator, DC charging power supply, capacitive divider, multistage cutting device, impulse voltage divider and impact signal measuring system, it is described
Control room is equipped with console, and the DC charging power supply is connect with impulse voltage generator, the multistage cutting device and impact
Voltage generator is connect with impulse voltage generator by optical fiber by cable connection, the console, the console and electricity
Hold divider and passes through cable connection.
The capable of emitting impulse waveform of various shapes of impulse voltage test system, but according to the needs of experimental study, according to
Regulation in relation to international standard and national standard, it is main to generate following several High Voltage Impulse Waveforms: 1, standard lightning impulse shape,
2, standard switching impulse shape, 3, such as extraordinary switching impulse wave of other special High Voltage Impulse Waveforms.Although surge voltage is sent out
There are many structure types for raw device ontology and DC charging power supply, but basic principle is all using Marx multistage circuit, i.e., electricity at different levels
Container charged in parallel, then discharged in series is to obtain pulse high-voltage.Indicate the major technique ginseng of impulse voltage generator ontology
Number includes:
Voltage rating: the summation of generator maximum charging voltages at different levels.
Specified energy storage: the summation of generator capacitor maximum energy storage at different levels.
For the structure type of different impulse voltage generators, currently used step voltage mainly have 100kV, 150kV,
200kV, 300kV are several, and every grade of capacitance of generator is then needed according to test to reasonably select.The surge voltage of this system
Generator uses the step voltage of 100kV.
In the present embodiment, impulse voltage generator structure is described as follows:
Impulse voltage generator is designed as indoor use, thoroughly does away with edge column supporting structural using three.At every grade of generator by 3
Column is coupled reliably, and forms stable structure with each other.Every grade of generator has a low inductance, the impact electricity of large capacity
Hold, they are placed on impulse voltage generator structure center.The capacitor use high density solid capacitor, have it is light-weight,
Feature small in size, even if operating continuously under declared working condition, they also have enough service life.The institute used on generator
Resistance be all plug-in type wire-wound resistor.The wave regulating resistor of lightning wave uses noninductive coiling, the inductance with very little.Wave head
Resistance and wave terminal resistance are mounted between two columns of generator.Charging resistor is then mounted on the side of ignition ball gap.DC charging
Power supply (being made of high-tension transformer, times voltage capacitance, high voltage silicon rectifier stack) uses voltage multiplying rectifier mode.High voltage silicon rectifier stack is mounted on one absolutely
It, can its direction of manual change by a simple spring compression joint mechanism in edge support plate.By a protective resistance by direct current
High voltage is output to the first order capacitor of impulse voltage generator.High-voltage high resistance for measuring charging voltage is also mounted at this
On insulation support plate.
The igniting triggering of impulse voltage generator is to be allowed to what electric discharge was completed by triggering the ball gap of most next stage.Therefore
The ball gap of most next stage is designed to three interstitial structures.Trigger pulse is by a high level, fast-changing pulse voltage.It
It is to be generated by firing pulse amplifier.The coupled capacitor of one pulse for detecting generator igniting is mounted on generator
On pedestal.In order to ensure the safety operation of generator, system provides an earthing mechanism.Once generator is abnormal, connect
Ground discharge switch automatic earthing, as a result all impacting electric capacities can will all pass through the electricity of most next stage after first charging resistor
Resistance electric discharge.
In the present embodiment, punching press divider be resistance-capacitance type capacitive divider, be made of high voltage arm capacitor and low-voltage arm capacitor,
As the basic load of impulse voltage generator, be generate High Voltage Impulse Waveform must match equipment.It will impact high voltage simultaneously
It scales down as low-voltage signal, can be measured with peak-reading voltmeter and waveform measurement instrument.
Control cabinet, the first pulse amplifier, igniting are additionally provided in the present embodiment, on the pedestal of the impulse voltage generator
Feedback loop divider, DC voltage divider.
In the present embodiment, the pedestal of the cutting device be equipped with the second pulse amplifier.
In the present embodiment, the control cabinet be equipped with the second operating unit.
In the present embodiment, the console be equipped with the first operating unit.
The second operating unit on the first operating unit and control cabinet in the present embodiment, on the console passes through optical fiber
Connection.
The first operating unit in the present embodiment, on the console is equipped with computer, oscillograph and peak value and shows table.
A kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system operatio in the present embodiment, of the invention the following steps are included:
Surge voltage is Single Transient Processes, therefore impulse voltage test is to voltage magnitude, voltage waveform and voltage number three
Tested number has different requirements.
1, voltage magnitude:
For different test products and different test requirements documents, it should apply corresponding surge voltage amplitude.Pass through control impact electricity
The amplitude of the adjustable surge voltage of charging voltage of generator is pressed, what this will be appreciated that.It should be noted that surge voltage
Corresponding relationship between amplitude and charging voltage are as follows:
UP = UC * n * η
UP: surge voltage amplitude
UC: impulse voltage generator charging voltage (every grade)
N: the series that impulse voltage generator uses
η: the efficiency of impulse voltage generator
2, voltage waveform:
The commonly used waveform of impulse voltage test has standard lightning impulse shape, the standard lightning impulse shape of wave rear truncation, mark
The waveform of quasi- switching impulse waveform, steep wave waveform and other particular/special requirements.GB/T16927 can refer to for the definition of waveform parameter
The regulation of " high-voltage test techniques ".
Need exist for especially set out, the output waveform and the component of test product, testing equipment in impulse voltage test circuit
The distance of access and surrounding grounding body has substantial connection, therefore the difficult point of impact test and most of work i.e. harmonic work
Make, can obtain that meet the surge waveform of standard requirements be the key that impact test.
The waveform adjustment being often referred to is exactly to adjust the wave head time and wave rear time of surge waveform, and wave chopping test is also wanted
Adjusting time to chopping is sought, the steepness for adjusting waveform is then required for steep wave test.
The step of illustrating harmonic by taking capacitive load as an example:
Primary election wave regulating resistor value:
Required surge waveform is obtained, wave head, wave terminal resistance need to be adjusted, because there are many influence factor, resistance value is difficult in advance really
It is fixed, it can be chosen with following formula is just fixed:
In formula: R1- wave front resistance resistance value Ω
R2- wave terminal resistance value Ω
C1- ontology impacting electric capacity μ F
C2- load capacity μ F, including test product entrance capacitance, impulse voltage divider capacitor, each parasitic capacitance
t1- shock head time μ s
t2- impact wave rear time μ s
It adjusts surge waveform, determine efficiency:
Wave regulating resistor, test item, the impulse voltage divider for accessing primary election generate the impact of about 0.6 times of test voltage value with generator
Voltage, adjusting resistance makes surge waveform reach requirement.Waveform is shot with oscillograph, efficiency is acquired, determines filling when formal test
Piezoelectric voltage value.
In fact, for different test items, especially small inductor load, the harmonic of generator is extremely complex, Ke Nengxu
The connection type for changing generator ontology, the connection modes such as connected again using plural parallel stage.Therefore it needs in actual use
It accumulates experience.
3, voltage number:
After voltage magnitude and voltage waveform has been determined, remaining work seeks to determination as needed and applies alive number.
It should be noted that High Voltage Impulse Waveform has positive-negative polarity, it should the pressurization number under clearly each polarity.It should also be taken into account that every time
Apply alive interval time.
Three, impulse voltage test system operatio brief introduction
The operation of impulse voltage test system is realized by control system and measuring system two parts.Control system completes impact electricity
The controls such as charging, triggering, the ground connection of generator operation is pressed, measuring system completes the measurement of surge voltage signal.Control system and
The operation interface of measuring system is arranged on station.
After completing the wiring of impulse voltage test system and specifying the program requirement of impact test, so that it may carry out
The operation of impulse voltage test system controls.
1, control operation
Control operation is realized in the operation interface of control system.Control operation interface is computer operation interface.
1.2 operating procedure explanations
It is step prompt below:
1.2.1 console power supply and generator ontology control cabinet (by impulse voltage generator charge power supply) electricity are respectively turned on
Source.
Should be ensured that at this time: danger button (by consing interface) is locked
Safety switch (by ontology control cabinet power switch) locked generator earthing switch has been grounded
Since generator is grounded, and safety locking having been carried out, the charging operations of impulse voltage generator are prohibited, this
When line inspection, equipment inspection and the wave head wave terminal resistance etc. for replacing generator can be carried out to impulse voltage generator system, no
It can occur that Keep Clear-High Voltage.
1.2.2 confirmation equipment wiring correctly and examination area without other staff after, operation can be started to charge:
It releases safety switch locking, take away grounding rod；
Reset danger button
Main control interface is entered by initial interface, releases charging locking
Selection automatic charging function, ball gap automatically track mode, automatic trigger mode
Set every grade of charging voltage, charging time, counts and reset count device
Setting limit protection voltage (should be greater than charging voltage setting), limit protection charging current
Charge button is pressed, then system automatically begins to charge
If the condition of limitation charging does not release, system will not charge, and will pop up corresponding hint image.
After system reaches charging voltage setting value, automatic trigger discharges and continues to charge next time.
Ground connection button is pressed, then system automatic earthing and stops charging
System presses pause button, system stops charging, but is not grounded in charged state.
System presses danger button in charged state, and system charges stopping and is grounded.
System is counted automatically, and system is automatically stopped charging and is grounded after reaching counting setting.
1.2.3 after completing charging operations and being grounded, it should confirm following operation:
Charge button is locked in control interface
Press the danger button on console
Lock the safety switch (Push-button lamp extinguishing) on control cabinet
Grounding rod is hung in generator first order high direct voltage outlet
2, measurement operation
After impulse voltage generator triggers every time, impact high voltage pulse can be all generated, by measurement electricity after voltage divider
Cable is sent to the peak-reading voltmeter and oscillograph of console, can show pulse amplitude and waveform, and automatic measurement waveform parameter.
The measurement operation of oscillograph is completed by special Survey Software, by Survey Software, can be completed to oscillography
The setting of device, and the Wave data that oscillograph is measured is sent to computer, is shown, parameter calculates, waveform analysis and data
Storage.
Operating procedure is as follows:
2.1 click computer desktop Survey Software packet icons enter Survey Software operation interface
2.2 click parameter setting button, can enter parameter setting interface and carry out necessary setting:
Select the Measurement channel of oscillograph
Select the surge waveform type of measurement
Select the surge waveform polarity of measurement
Select the maximum value of measured voltage
Set the intrinsic standoff ratio (the practical intrinsic standoff ratio of input voltage divider) of divider
Set the attenuation ratio of attenuator
Select the time of wave recording
It chooses whether to need digital filtering
It after 2.3 correct setting oscillograph parameters, clicks and obtains waveform button, then computer will set oscillograph and prepare easy to remember
Record impulse waveform.After generator triggering, oscillograph will automatically record waveform and be transmitted to computer screen and show, can obtain
The waveform parameters such as pulse amplitude, wave head time, wave rear time.
2.4 click and save waveform buttons, can there are on the hard disk of computer by the waveform of display.
2.5 click waveform processing button, the waveform of deposit can be recalled, and generate picture file or printout.
2.6 click exit buttons then exit the program.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment, or some or all of the technical features are equal
Replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
Range should all cover within the scope of the claims and the description of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system, it is characterised in that: including laboratory (1) and control room (7), the laboratory
(1) impulse voltage generator (3), DC charging power supply (4), capacitive divider (5), multistage cutting device (2), impact point are equipped with
Depressor and impact signal measuring system, the control room (7) are equipped with console (6), the DC charging power supply (4) and impact electricity
Generator (3) connection is pressed, the multistage cutting device (2) and impulse voltage generator (3) passes through cable connection, the console
(6) it is connect with impulse voltage generator (3) by optical fiber, the console (6) and capacitive divider (5) pass through cable connection.
2. a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the surge voltage occurs
Control cabinet, the first pulse amplifier, igniting feedback loop divider and DC voltage divider are additionally provided on the pedestal of device (3).
3. a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the multistage cutting device
(2) pedestal is equipped with the second pulse amplifier.
4. a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the control cabinet is equipped with
Second operating unit.
5. a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the console (6)
Equipped with the first operating unit.
6. a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the console (6)
The first operating unit connect with the second operating unit on control cabinet by optical fiber.
7. a kind of lightning stroke impulse voltage test system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: on the console (6)
The first operating unit be equipped with computer, oscillograph and peak value show table.
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ID=66927290
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| CN110988637A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-10 | 清华大学 | Direct current-impact combined pressurization test loop for power transmission line |
| CN111830372A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-10-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | Insulation testing device and method for high-temperature solid heat storage insulation lead sleeve |
| CN112572828A (en) * | 2019-09-28 | 2021-03-30 | 苏州电器科学研究院股份有限公司 | Movable aircraft lightning test system |
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