CN109884426B - Method for obtaining environmental control system cooling tower energy efficiency evolution characteristic along with operation age - Google Patents
Method for obtaining environmental control system cooling tower energy efficiency evolution characteristic along with operation age Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of a cooling tower of an environmental control system along with the operation age, which is characterized in that the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the environmental control equipment of a subway station is evaluated from the angle of the operation age, on the basis of the detection of the on-site environmental control equipment, sample data of actually measured subway station cooling towers in different ages are extracted by using a hierarchical sampling method, the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the power consumption ratio of a unit fan of the cooling tower are taken as the energy efficiency evaluation parameters of the cooling tower, unreasonable parameters in the on-site actual measurement are eliminated by using a Grubbs inspection method, finally, the change rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower along with the operation age is obtained by linear fitting, and the reliability of the obtained curve rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower in different operation ages is inspected by the hierarchical sampling, thereby obtaining. The method can obtain the rule that the thermal performance of the cooling tower changes along with the dynamic change of the operation age, and provides a reference basis for overhaul and replacement of the environmental control cooling tower equipment of the subway station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a subway station environment control system and an evaluation method of energy efficiency of cooling tower equipment in the system, in particular to a method for obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of a cooling tower of the environment control system along with the operation age.
Background
The method comprises the steps of obtaining a subway station environment control system and a performance rule of cooling tower equipment in the system based on the condition of long-term change of subway station thermal environment parameters to provide a performance parameter range under the condition of safe operation of the cooling tower equipment, thereby providing reference for new product admission of subway station environment control cooling tower technology, rapid diagnosis of sudden problems of the cooling tower equipment, operation maintenance management of the subway station environment control cooling tower and the standard of overhaul replacement evaluation of the cooling tower equipment, and meeting the energy-saving comfortable operation requirement of sustainable development of the subway station thermal environment and the equipment system. The invention provides a research method for obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of a cooling tower of an environmental control system of a subway station along with the operation age, and provides a new idea for obtaining the performance rule of the environmental control system of the subway station and cooling tower equipment in the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to explore the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of a cooling tower of an environmental control system of a subway station along with the operating age limit, obtain the performance parameter range under the condition of safe operation of the cooling tower, and provide reference for the new product admittance of the environmental control new technology of the subway station, the quick diagnosis of the burst problems of equipment and the system, the subway environmental control operation maintenance management and the standard of the overhaul replacement evaluation of the cooling tower equipment, thereby providing a method for obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the environmental control system along with the operating age limit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of a cooling tower of an environmental control system along with the operation age is characterized in that the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the environmental control equipment of a subway station is evaluated from the angle of the operation age, based on the detection of the on-site environmental control equipment, sample data of actually measured subway station cooling towers in different ages are extracted by a hierarchical sampling method, the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio of the cooling tower are taken as energy efficiency evaluation parameters of the cooling tower, unreasonable parameters in the on-site actual measurement are eliminated by a Groubs inspection method, finally, the change rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower along with the operation age is obtained by linear fitting, and the reliability of the obtained curve rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower in different operation ages is inspected by the hierarchical sampling, so that the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling.
Further, the method for acquiring the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the subway station environmental control system along with the operation age comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dividing the station operation age into an initial stage, a middle stage and a long stage by adopting a hierarchical sampling method, extracting lines and stations which respectively represent the stages and have typical cooling tower operation parameter characteristics from a plurality of subway stations, respectively and actually measuring cooling towers in different stages, and taking the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio of the cooling tower as the energy efficiency evaluation parameters of the cooling tower;
step two: the water temperature of a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, the cooling water flow and the fan input power of the cooling tower can be obtained through actual measurement, the water temperature difference of the cooling water of the cooling tower under the actual measurement working condition is further calculated, and the cooling water temperature difference is detected through a Grubbs detection method;
step three: in order to uniformly compare the cooling towers of each station, the thermal performance eta of the station needs to be calculated, namely, the actually measured cooling water temperature difference is converted into the water temperature difference under the standard design working condition, so that the ratio of the actually measured cooling water temperature difference to the designed water temperature difference under the standard working condition is obtained, and the specific calculation method is shown as the following formula:
where Δ taThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
Δtathe water temperature drop of the water inlet temperature (37 ℃) under the standard design working condition is given in centigrade degree (DEG C);
Δ t-measured water temperature drop in degrees Celsius (. degree. C.);
t1-measured water inlet temperature in degrees centigrade (c);
τ — measured wet bulb temperature in degrees Celsius (. degree. C.);
ta-design inlet water temperature, 37 ℃;
step four: calculating the power consumption ratio of the fan through the actually measured power consumption power of the fan motor and the circulating cooling water flow of the closed cooling tower, wherein the power consumption ratio a of the fan is1Refers to the actually measured power consumption N of the fan motor of the closed cooling tower1The specific calculation method of the ratio of the flow rate Q of the circulating cooling water to the flow rate Q of the circulating cooling water is shown as the following formula:
a1＝N1/Q
in the formula:
N1-measured power consumption of the motor in units (kW);
q-cooling tower circulating water flow rate, unit (m)3/h)；
Step five: in order to ensure the accuracy of the data, bad values of data results are removed, and the thermal performance of a cooling tower in an effective station and the unit fan power consumption ratio bad values in each period are removed by adopting a Grubbs inspection method again;
step six: and after the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio under each operation year after inspection are obtained, the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio curve in different operation years are obtained through sorting and linear fitting, the reliability of the obtained curve is inspected through layered sampling, and finally the change rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio along with the operation years is obtained.
Further, the cooling tower of the subway station environmental control system needs normal equipment maintenance in the long-term use process and is not overhauled.
Further, the time period actually measured by the field environment control equipment is selected from the air-conditioning season in the hot summer.
Further, the division of the early stage, the middle stage and the long stage takes 3-5 years as a time stage, and the initial age of each time stage needs to be determined by referring to the actual operating age of the local subway station.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the characteristics of evolution of the energy efficiency of the cooling tower in the subway environmental control system along with the operating age are finally obtained by carrying out layered actual measurement, data inspection and linear fitting on the cooling tower of the subway environmental control system from the angle of the operating age, so that the performance parameter range under the condition of safe operation of the cooling tower is given, and thus, reference is provided for the new product admission of the novel subway station environmental control technology, rapid diagnosis of equipment and system burst problems, subway environmental control operation maintenance management and the standard of cooling tower equipment overhaul replacement evaluation, and the energy-saving comfortable operation requirements of the sustainable development of the subway thermal environment and the equipment system are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the thermal performance of a cooling tower at a station for early, middle and long term tests;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the variation of thermal performance with operating age;
FIG. 3 is a trend chart of the unit power consumption ratio of the cooling tower fan with different operation periods.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
A method for obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of a cooling tower of an environmental control system along with the operation age is characterized in that the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the environmental control equipment of a subway station is evaluated from the angle of the operation age, based on the detection of the on-site environmental control equipment, sample data of actually measured subway station cooling towers in different ages are extracted by a hierarchical sampling method, the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio of the cooling tower are taken as energy efficiency evaluation parameters of the cooling tower, unreasonable parameters in the on-site actual measurement are eliminated by a Groubs inspection method, finally, the change rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower along with the operation age is obtained by linear fitting, and the reliability of the obtained curve rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower in different operation ages is inspected by the hierarchical sampling, so that the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling.
The method for obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the subway station environmental control system along with the operation age comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dividing the station operation age into an initial stage, a middle stage and a long stage by adopting a hierarchical sampling method, extracting lines and stations which respectively represent the stages and have typical cooling tower operation parameter characteristics from a plurality of subway stations, respectively and actually measuring cooling towers in different stages, and taking the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio of the cooling tower as the energy efficiency evaluation parameters of the cooling tower;
step two: the water temperature of a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, the cooling water flow and the fan input power of the cooling tower can be obtained through actual measurement, the water temperature difference of the cooling water of the cooling tower under the actual measurement working condition is further calculated, and the cooling water temperature difference is detected through a Grubbs detection method;
step three: in order to uniformly compare the cooling towers of each station, the thermal performance eta of the station needs to be calculated, namely, the actually measured cooling water temperature difference is converted into the water temperature difference under the standard design working condition, so that the ratio of the actually measured cooling water temperature difference to the designed water temperature difference under the standard working condition is obtained, and the specific calculation method is shown as the following formula:
where Δ taThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
Δtathe water temperature drop of the water inlet temperature (37 ℃) under the standard design working condition is given in centigrade degree (DEG C);
Δ t-measured water temperature drop in degrees Celsius (. degree. C.);
t1-measured water inlet temperature in degrees centigrade (c);
τ — measured wet bulb temperature in degrees Celsius (. degree. C.);
ta-design inlet water temperature, 37 ℃;
step four: calculating the power consumption ratio of the fan through the actually measured power consumption power of the fan motor and the circulating cooling water flow of the closed cooling tower, wherein the power consumption ratio a of the fan is1Refers to the actually measured power consumption N of the fan motor of the closed cooling tower1The specific calculation method of the ratio of the flow rate Q of the circulating cooling water to the flow rate Q of the circulating cooling waterThe method is shown in the following formula:
a1＝N1/Q
in the formula:
N1-measured power consumption of the motor in units (kW);
q-cooling tower circulating water flow rate, unit (m)3/h)；
Step five: in order to ensure the accuracy of the data, bad values of data results are removed, and the thermal performance of a cooling tower in an effective station and the unit fan power consumption ratio bad values in each period are removed by adopting a Grubbs inspection method again;
step six: and after the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio under each operation year after inspection are obtained, the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio curve in different operation years are obtained through sorting and linear fitting, the reliability of the obtained curve is inspected through layered sampling, and finally the change rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio along with the operation years is obtained.
The cooling tower of the subway station environmental control system needs normal equipment maintenance in the long-term use process and is not overhauled. The time period actually measured by the field environment control equipment is selected from the air-conditioning season in the hotter months in summer. The division of the early stage, the middle stage and the long stage takes 3-5 years as a time stage, and the initial age of each time stage needs to be determined by referring to the actual operating age of the local subway station.
The method can obtain the rule that the thermal performance of the cooling tower changes along with the dynamic change of the operation age, and provides a reference basis for overhaul and replacement of the environmental control cooling tower equipment of the subway station.
The specific application case is as follows:
according to the method, the operation current situation of the environment control related equipment of the Shanghai subway is researched and counted, the train stations of the Shanghai subway are divided into an initial period (8 months-8 months in 2013-2017), a middle period (8 months in 2009-8 months in 2013) and a long period (8 months-8 months in 2005-2009) according to the operation years through investigation and statistics are carried out on underground stations of each line of the Shanghai subway, and the statistics is shown in table 1, namely 191 underground stations are the sample capacity researched herein.
TABLE 1 statistics of number of underground stations in 2005 in Shanghai subway
| Period of operation | Initial stage | Middle stage | Long term |
| Quantity (number) | 62 | 74 | 55 |
And (4) selecting 7 stations in the initial period, 4 stations in the middle period and 7 stations in the long period by a hierarchical sampling method. And then, acquiring the water temperature of a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet of the cooling tower, the flow of the cooling water and the input power of a fan according to the national detection standard of the cooling tower. Namely, after the outdoor working condition reaches the expected requirement, the test is carried out from the start of the cooling tower, the tolerance range is stable for 30min, and the water temperature of the outlet tower lags behind the water temperature of the inlet tower by 2 min-5 min.
And calculating the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the power consumption ratio of the unit fan, and removing bad values of data calculation results in order to ensure the accuracy of the results, so that the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the power consumption ratio of the unit fan in effective stations in each period are removed by adopting a Grubbs test method, and the average value of the thermal performance in the initial period is 81.46%, the average value in the middle period is 117.73%, and the average value in the long period is 72.70%. FIG. 1 shows the thermal performance of the cooling tower at a station tested at the early, middle and long term periods.
In order to further obtain the change trend of the thermal performance of the cooling tower along with the operation age, the test calculation result is subjected to linear fitting, and the fitting formula is-1.2647 x2+18.597x + 32.594. Figure 2 shows the trend of the thermal performance of the cooling tower as a function of the operating age. The thermal performance value of the cooling tower is related to the temperature difference between the inlet water and the outlet water of the cooling water and the wet bulb temperature ratio of the environment where the cooling tower is located. The temperature difference of the cooling water in the middle stage is 3.95 ℃, and the wet bulb temperature is 25.71 ℃; the temperature difference of station cooling water is 3.24 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature is 26.75 ℃ in the long-term operation of 10 years. The temperature difference of the cooling water is large, the thermal performance of the station in the middle 7 years with low wet bulb temperature is higher, and the thermal performance of the station in the long 10 years is lower and lower than that of the station in the 12 years.
FIG. 3 shows the variation trend of the unit power consumption ratio of the fan of the cooling tower along with different operation periods, and the average value of the unit power consumption ratio of the fan at the initial stage is 0.037 kW/(m)3H) the middle period is 0.0434 kW/(m)3H) long term 0.0389 kW/(m)3H). The change trend of the fan power consumption ratio curve of the cooling tower in each period is close, the difference in numerical value is small, compared with a reference standard limit value 0.036 numerical line, the fan power consumption ratio curve in each period fluctuates up and down on the reference line, and only the numerical value of the station in the initial sequence 6 is large.
The unit power consumption ratio of the fan of the cooling tower is the ratio of the fan power consumption to the cooling water flow, the initial sequence 6 station can be noticed, the numerical value is the largest, and the lowest energy efficiency ratio of the fan of the cooling tower of the station is shown. Through data comparison, the cooling water flow of the station is close to the initial average value, and the energy consumption of a fan is twice that of other stations; and the analysis is carried out from the numerical value of the cooling capacity of the water chiller unit, the cooling capacity of the station cooling machine is 424.07kW, the lowest numerical value in an initial station is required to be lower in the whole energy consumption demand of the cooling tower, but the numerical value of the thermal performance of the fan of the cooling tower in the station is the largest, so that the performance of the cooling tower in the station is reduced more although the external performances such as leakage and the like do not exist, and the factors such as the packing characteristic, the fouling coefficient and the like of the cooling tower are changed greatly.
In general, the initial cooling performance of the cooling tower can only be used as the state under the condition of low load rate, and cannot be used as the type selection admission threshold of the cooling tower; and the medium and long-term cooling performance change has a certain attenuation tendency. The unit power consumption ratio of the fan of the cooling tower can be seen from the change trend, the change trend of the numerical values in each time period is close, the numerical value range is close, the average value difference is not large, and the change trend along with the age is not obvious.
Claims (4)
1. A method for obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of an environmental control system cooling tower along with the operation age is characterized in that: evaluating the energy efficiency of a cooling tower of subway station environmental control equipment from the angle of the operating age, extracting actual measurement sample data of the cooling tower of the subway station of different ages by using a hierarchical sampling method on the basis of field environmental control equipment detection, taking the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio of the cooling tower as energy efficiency evaluation parameters of the cooling tower, removing unreasonable parameters in the field actual measurement by using a Grubbs inspection method, finally obtaining a change rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower along with the operating age by linear fitting, and inspecting the reliability of the obtained curve rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower of different operating ages by hierarchical sampling, thereby obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the subway station environmental control system along with the operating age; the method for obtaining the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the subway station environmental control system along with the operation age comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dividing the station operation age into an initial stage, a middle stage and a long stage by adopting a hierarchical sampling method, extracting lines and stations which respectively represent the stages and have typical cooling tower operation parameter characteristics from a plurality of subway stations, respectively and actually measuring cooling towers in different stages, and taking the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio of the cooling tower as the energy efficiency evaluation parameters of the cooling tower;
step two: the water temperature of a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, the cooling water flow and the fan input power of the cooling tower can be obtained through actual measurement, the water temperature difference of the cooling water of the cooling tower under the actual measurement working condition is further calculated, and the cooling water temperature difference is detected through a Grubbs detection method;
step three: in order to uniformly compare the cooling towers of each station, the thermal performance eta of the station needs to be calculated, namely, the actually measured cooling water temperature difference is converted into the water temperature difference under the standard design working condition, so that the ratio of the actually measured cooling water temperature difference to the designed water temperature difference under the standard working condition is obtained, and the specific calculation method is shown as the following formula:
where Δ taThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
Δtathe water temperature drop of the water inlet temperature of 37 ℃ under the standard design working condition is measured in centigrade degree (DEG C);
Δ t-measured water temperature drop in degrees Celsius (. degree. C.);
t1-measured water inlet temperature in degrees centigrade (c);
τ — measured wet bulb temperature in degrees Celsius (. degree. C.);
ta-design inlet water temperature, 37 ℃;
step four: calculating the power consumption ratio of the fan through the actually measured power consumption power of the fan motor and the circulating cooling water flow of the closed cooling tower, wherein the power consumption ratio a of the fan is1Refers to the actually measured power consumption N of the fan motor of the closed cooling tower1The specific calculation method of the ratio of the flow rate Q of the circulating cooling water to the flow rate Q of the circulating cooling water is shown as the following formula:
a1＝N1/Q
in the formula:
N1-measured power consumption of the motor in units (kW);
q-cooling tower circulating water flow rate, unit (m)3/h)；
Step five: in order to ensure the accuracy of the data, bad values of data results are removed, and the thermal performance of a cooling tower in an effective station and the unit fan power consumption ratio bad values in each period are removed by adopting a Grubbs inspection method again;
step six: and after the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio under each operation year after inspection are obtained, the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio curve in different operation years are obtained through sorting and linear fitting, the reliability of the obtained curve is inspected through layered sampling, and finally the change rule of the thermal performance of the cooling tower and the unit fan power consumption ratio along with the operation years is obtained.
2. The method for acquiring the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the environmental control system along with the operating age according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cooling tower of the subway station environmental control system needs normal equipment maintenance in the long-term use process and is not overhauled.
3. The method for acquiring the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the environmental control system along with the operating age according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the time period actually measured by the field environment control equipment is selected from the air-conditioning season in the hotter months in summer.
4. The method for acquiring the evolution characteristic of the energy efficiency of the cooling tower of the environmental control system along with the operating age according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the division of the early stage, the middle stage and the long stage takes 3-5 years as a time stage, and the initial age of each time stage needs to be determined by referring to the actual operating age of the local subway station.
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