CN109883908A - A kind of apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light Download PDFInfo
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- CN109883908A CN109883908A CN201910083240.5A CN201910083240A CN109883908A CN 109883908 A CN109883908 A CN 109883908A CN 201910083240 A CN201910083240 A CN 201910083240A CN 109883908 A CN109883908 A CN 109883908A
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Abstract
The present invention mainly proposes a kind of apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light, it include: the channel of dust flowing, the hollow transparent ball that bulb is formed in the channel of dust flowing, the first lens, the first polarizing film, quarter-wave plate between laser and hollow transparent ball is arranged in the laser of light direct projection light transmission sphere；Optical fiber port is clouded in the optical fiber on the spherical surface of hollow transparent ball, and optical fiber is tied up neat fiber fixed frame in the other end of optical fiber；The second quarter-wave plate, the second polarizing film, the second lens between fiber fixed frame and camera lens are arranged in video camera before fiber fixed frame is arranged in.The present invention utilizes light scattering principle, and polarization photoimaging methods can provide the sample structure information more richer than non-polarized optics method, and very sensitive to sub-wavelength microstructure change.Therefore the measurement method of the structure is more accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dust concentration detection field, in particular to a kind of measurement dress based on polarised light dust concentration
It sets.
Background technique
With the fast development of modern science and technology, many powdered rubbers are usually ignored by people and are caused many in industrial production
Tragedy, such as dust pollution, dust explosion, Dust exposed workers are easy to suffer from the respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, nasopharynx, laryngitis, asthma.Simultaneously
Tiny dust is likely to cause short circuit, makes chip failure, and dust, which is attached on machine, accelerates friction that can also shorten its longevity
Life, therefore, the measurement of dust concentration is more and more important.There are several conventional measurement method measurement dust particles concentration at present.One
It is weight method, i.e., the air of extraction certain volume is by the filter membrane of constant weight, and dust particles stay on filter membrane, by sampling front and back
Weight difference can calculate granule density.When dust concentration compares it is lower when, the granular mass retained on filter membrane is very light, right
Weighing device proposes high requirement, in practical operation and impracticable.Second is that the effect using dust particles to various light
(stopping, absorb, diffusing reflection etc.) obtains dust concentration information, but this method by the variation of measurement light irradiation front and back
In test atmosphere rather harsh, measurement error is larger.Third is that piezo-electric crystal actinobolia, it is commonly used in dust concentration to be detected
In lower situation, while the ability for needing tester that there is skilled operation equipment, this method is limited to a certain extent
It uses.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of based on polarised light for the deficiencies of device used by various measurement dust concentrations at present
Apparatus for measuring dust concentration.
The present invention is technical solution used by realizing its technical purpose: a kind of powder concentration measurement dress based on polarised light
It sets, comprising: the channel of dust flowing, the hollow transparent ball that bulb is formed in the channel of dust flowing, light direct projection are saturating
The first lens, the first polarizing film, quarter-wave between laser and hollow transparent ball is arranged in the laser of photosphere body
Piece；Optical fiber port is clouded in the optical fiber on the spherical surface of hollow transparent ball, and optical fiber is tied up neat optical fiber in the other end of optical fiber and is consolidated
Determine frame；Video camera before fiber fixed frame is set, be arranged between fiber fixed frame and camera lens the two or four/
One wave plate, the second polarizing film, the second lens.
The present invention utilizes light scattering principle, the light scatter channel of script is arranged to hollow transparent ball, for carrying out grain
The light scattering of son, the transmission of light is scattered by plastic optical fiber, by all light transmissions to fiber fixed frame, by analyzing
The effect of device, the polarised light after making scattering image in lens.Sphere side is dust inlet and adjustable speed blower such as constant speed
Powder producer, by the setting of velocity magnitude, the constant speed that can reasonably carry out related dust enters pipeline；Dust passage and hollow sphere
Body tightly connects, and particle enters and leaves sphere by pipeline at left and right sides of sphere；The other side of sphere connects extraction fan, will pass through ball
The particle of body is drawn in dust processor, is prevented sphere cavity particle precipitation and is prevented particle pollution optical fiber port.CCD camera
By the hot spot in capture lens, image data is obtained, obtains dust concentration by relevant calculation.Wherein, polarizing method and existing
There is non-polarized optics method hardware compatibility, by adding people's polarizer that Polarization Detection can be realized in existing optical path;Secondly, polarization
Photoimaging methods can provide the sample structure information more richer than non-polarized optics method, and to sub-wavelength microstructure change
It is very sensitive.Therefore the measurement method of the structure is more accurate.
Further, in the above-mentioned apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light: the channel of the dust flowing is
The cylindrical pipe of one central hollow transparent ball, the one end in the channel of dust flowing are that the gas of dust concentration to be measured enters powder
The dust inlet in the channel of dirt flowing, the other end are the channel of the gas outflow dust flowing of the dust concentration to be measured measured
Dust outlet.
Further, in the above-mentioned apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light: on hollow transparent ball spherical surface with
Laser is relatively set with the light trapping for inhaling the residual ray behind transmission heart transparent ball inside.
Further, in the above-mentioned apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light: in the channel that the dust flows
Dust inlet (5) be additionally provided with the breeze fan of adjustable speed blower.
Further, in the above-mentioned apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light: in the channel that the dust flows
Dust outlet be additionally provided with extraction fan.
The present invention is further detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is apparatus for measuring dust concentration figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1 based on polarised light.
Attached drawing 2 is the hollow transparent ball figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1 is as shown in the figures 1 and 2 a kind of apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light, comprising: dust flowing
Channel 4, dust flowing channel 4 in bulb formed hollow transparent ball 1, actually dust flowing 4 He of channel
Hollow transparent ball 1 is exactly that there is enlargement to form hollow 1 glass tube of transparent ball or transparent modeling for a centre
Expects pipe.
The laser 3 of light direct projection light transmission sphere 1, is arranged in the first lens between laser 3 and hollow transparent ball 1
14, the first polarizing film 15, the first quarter-wave plate 16；In this way, laser 3 export laser successively pass through the first lens 14,
Circularly polarized light is formd after first polarizing film 15, the first quarter-wave plate 16, is irradiated to and at the uniform velocity flows through hollow hyaloplasmic sphere
On the gas of dust concentration to be measured in body 1, due to the scattering process of dust in the gas of dust concentration to be measured, light will be scattered
Onto the spherical surface of hollow transparent ball 1.Optical fiber port 2 is clouded in the optical fiber 7 on the spherical surface of hollow transparent ball 1, and optical fiber port 2 will be adopted
The optical fiber for collecting these scatterings, ties up neat fiber fixed frame 8 for optical fiber 7 in the other end of optical fiber 7；It is transmitted to using optical fiber 7
The other end of optical fiber, in the present embodiment, optical fiber 7 is a kind of plastic optical fiber, is tied up in other end using fiber fixed frame 8 whole
Together, in this one end of fiber fixed frame 8, optical fiber will be truncated, and many optical fiber heads form a regular shape, is typically round, in this way
Video camera 12 before fiber fixed frame 8 is set can acquire by optical fiber 7 conduct Lai scattering light, be arranged in the present embodiment
Between 12 camera lens of fiber fixed frame 8 and video camera also between laser 3 and hollow transparent ball 1, also have an optics machine
Structure, just with it is above on the contrary, be successively the second quarter-wave plate 17, the second polarizing film 18, the second lens 19 using this
The scattering light collection of coming can be conducted for optical fiber 7 by covering optical system.First, second lens, the first, second polarizing film, above
One, the second quarter-wave plate is can actually to use same lens, polarizing film and quarter-wave plate.
The channel 4 that dust flows in the present embodiment is the cylindrical pipe of a central hollow transparent ball 1, dust flowing
The one end in channel 4 is the dust inlet 5 that the gas of dust concentration to be measured enters the channel 4 of dust flowing, and the other end is measurement
The dust outlet 9 in the channel 4 of the gas outflow dust flowing for the dust concentration to be measured crossed.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Hollow
The light trapping for inhaling the residual ray behind 1 inside of transmission heart transparent ball is relatively set on bright 1 spherical surface of sphere with laser 2
13.In this way, remaining light will not have interference to the light acquired in optical fiber 7.
In order to which the gas flow rate of dust concentration to be measured is stablized, the dust inlet 5 in the channel 4 of dust flowing is additionally provided with
The breeze fan 6 of adjustable speed blower.Dust outlet 9 in the channel 4 of dust flowing is additionally provided with extraction fan 10.Pass through control
The work of breeze fan 6 and extraction fan 10 processed, it is ensured that the gas of dust concentration to be measured is in 4 flow velocity of the channel that dust flows
Stablize.
10 early start of extraction fan works in the present embodiment, and 6 phase of adjustable speed blower breeze fan of dust inlet 5
When in one can constant speed powder producer, set needed for speed under the premise of starting to work, the chromatic dispersion principle based on light, by blower
Stream of getting angry drives dust to enter the channel 4 of dust flowing, travels forward, and when powder dust particle passes through hollow transparent ball 1, meets
It is irradiated to polarized light source, it will generate scattering phenomenon, since the phenomenon can occur for each particle, multiple dissipate can be generated
Light is penetrated, the inner cavity of hollow transparent ball 1 is sufficiently scattered to.There is a large amount of scattering optical interface in hollow 1 outer surface of transparent ball, is exactly
Optical fiber port 2 is transferred to fiber fixed frame 8 by plastic optical fiber 7 for that will scatter light, passes through light source by the second lens 18
First optics aperture 17 again passes by the third lens 19 and the second polarizing film 20 for the polarized light transmission after scattering and crosses the second optics
Then aperture 21 obtains corresponding image data by the shooting of CCD camera 12, since the effect particulate matter of extraction fan 10 is in sphere
It is interior by arriving dust outlet 9, hence into doing respective handling in dust processor 11.CCD camera is to the hot spot transmitted in aperture
It carries out shooting and obtains image to obtain dust concentration.Last dust is after through sphere, since the drag force of extraction fan acts on,
Dust is drawn in processor, respective handling is obtained.
In the present embodiment, the work of 10 early start of extraction fan, and 6 phase of breeze fan of dust inlet 5 and adjustable speed
When in one can constant speed powder producer, set needed for speed under the premise of starting to work, the chromatic dispersion principle based on light, by blower
Stream of getting angry drives dust to enter pipeline, travels forward, and when powder dust particle passes through sphere, encounters polarized light source irradiation, it will
Multiple scattering light can be generated, sufficiently scatter to sphere since the phenomenon can occur for each particle by generating scattering phenomenon
Inner cavity.Outer surface of spheroid has a large amount of scattering optical interface, is transmitted to by plastic optical fiber 7 by analyzer for that will scatter light
It is imaged on lens 19, CCD camera carries out shooting to hot spot on lens and obtains image to obtain dust concentration.Last dust is logical
After crossing sphere, since the drag force of extraction fan acts on, dust is drawn in processor, respective handling is obtained.
Advantage of this embodiment is that: light scattering principle is utilized, the light scatter channel of script is arranged to hollow transparent ball
1, the light for carrying out particle scatters, and the transmission of light is scattered by plastic optical fiber 7, all light transmissions are fixed to optical fiber
On frame 8, by the effect of analyzer, the polarised light after making scattering images in lens 19.Sphere side is dust inlet 5 and can
The breeze fan 6 of speed regulation is such as constant speed powder producer, by the setting of velocity magnitude, can reasonably carry out the constant speed of related dust into
Enter pipeline；Dust passage tightly connects with hollow ball, and particle enters and leaves sphere by pipeline at left and right sides of sphere；Sphere it is another
Side connects extraction fan, will be drawn to 11 in dust processor by the particle of sphere, prevent sphere cavity particle precipitation and
Prevent particle pollution optical fiber port.CCD camera is obtained image data, is obtained by relevant calculation by the hot spot in capture lens
Dust concentration.Wherein, polarizing method and existing non-polarized optics method hardware compatibility, by adding people's polarizer in existing optical path
Polarization Detection can be realized;Secondly, polarization photoimaging methods can provide the sample structure letter more richer than non-polarized optics method
Breath, and it is very sensitive to sub-wavelength microstructure change.Therefore the measurement method of the structure is more accurate.
In this implementation, what is started to work at first is extraction fan 10, plays draw to powder dust particle, prevents particle ball
It is settled in body cavity, pollutes optical fiber port.Then required dust movement velocity amplitude, work are set on adjustable speed breeze fan 6
Make sending strength, dust is promoted to travel forward.Dust will be tested later and is added to the channel 4 that dust flows from inlet 5, is passed through
Strength effect, particle reach hollow ball transparent 1, and due to the scattering phenomenon of light, the light issued from laser 3 first passes through first thoroughly
Mirror 14 allows incident light source to become circularly polarized light, then passes through using the first polarizing film 15 and the first quarter-wave plate 16
Polarization state tune is carried out using the device that is polarized that the first polarizing film 15 and the first quarter-wave plate 16 form by the first lens 14
System, wherein the first lens 14 are necessary for sustained height and same using the first polarizing film 15 and the first quarter-wave plate 16
Horizontal line.It is scattered by the light that the polarizer issues by particulate adsorbent, since optical source wavelength is enough, can make across hollow transparent
Light scattering adequately occurs for the particle of sphere 1.Scattering light is obtained by the plastic optical fiber mouth 2 of outer surface of spheroid later, comes from sample
Rear orientation light enter plastic optical fiber 7 after reflecting mirror reflects in the transmission of stray light of particulate matter to fiber fixed frame 8,
Successively by forming analyzing device by the second quarter-wave plate 17 and the second polarizing film 18, pass through imaging len namely second
Lens 19 show.Wherein the effect particulate matter of extraction fan 10 is handled by arriving dust outlet 9 in sphere hence into dust
Respective handling is done in device 11.The second lens 19 are finally shot by CCD camera 12 and obtain corresponding image data, the figure that CCD is obtained
As data, dust concentration can be obtained after the calculation processing of MATLAB.
The principle of the present embodiment is, under the premise of constant speed or speed change, the chromatic dispersion principle based on light is driven by fan airflow
Dust enters pipeline, travels forward, and when powder dust particle passes through sphere, encounters polarizing light irradiation, it will scattering phenomenon is generated, by
The phenomenon can occur in each particle, therefore multiple scattering light can be generated, scatter to the inner cavity of sphere.Have on the outside of sphere big
The interface of amount is transmitted to lens by plastic optical fiber for that will scatter light, and it is dense to obtain dust that CCD camera obtains image
Degree.Dust, since the drag force of extraction fan acts on, dust is drawn in processor, respective handling is obtained after through sphere.
Hollow 1 two sides of transparent ball are connected with the channel 4 of cylindrical dust flowing；Its top is connected to laser 3 and is used for
Issue light source；Its correspondence laser is arranged right below light trapping 13, and the outer surface of hollow transparent ball 1 is equipped with and receives scattering
The optical fiber port 2 of light.The plastic optical fiber mouth 2 of hollow 1 outer surface of transparent ball, diameter matches with plastic optical fiber, is connected
It has to seal when connecing, avoids the leakage of scattering light；Its quantity is arranged depending on sphere size, for receiving all scatterings
Light.The parameter specific requirement of laser 3 is according to depending on reality；Its CCD camera 12 is based on existing apparatus.Laser
After 3 light issued first pass through the first lens 14, is acted on by the polarizer and generate polarised light, wherein the polarizer is by the first polarizing film 15
It is collectively constituted with the first quarter-wave plate 16, effect is polarization state modulation.Hollow 1 side of transparent ball connects what dust flowed
Channel 4, the particle for entering from dust inlet 5 are transported to hollow transparent ball 1；Inlet is that infundibulate is arranged in dust
The one end in the channel 4 of flowing.Adjustable speed breeze fan 6 is equipped at inlet, to powder dust particle is defeated with setting speed value
It is sent in pipeline.The other side of hollow transparent ball 1 be connected be dust flowing channel 4, dust flowing channel 4 not
End is equipped with extraction fan 10, for drawing to the intracorporal particle of ball, to be that dust enters dust processor 11, by particle
Carry out related depositing dust processing.The optical fiber port of outer surface of spheroid connects plastic optical fiber 7.Fiber fixed frame 8 is connected with plastic optical fiber, uses
Optical fiber to flock together, effectively showing to light source is carried out.After polarised light after scattering reaches fiber fixed frame .8, it will lead to
The processing of analyzer is crossed, the second lens 19 are finally reached, wherein analyzer includes the second quarter-wave plate 17 and the second polarization
Piece 18, effect are polarization state imagings.
It is that data processing is carried out based on following principle in follow-up data treatment process, it is final to obtain the logical of dust flowing
Powder dust particle concentration in road 4:
1. each powder dust particle after light source or is having and the scattering of primary light only occurs or directly reaches light fall into
Trap, therefore after particle scatters, it only can the corresponding scattering light of a particle.
2. when particle is transported light on acrylic board after scattering by optical fiber, one in each particle respective panels
A hot spot, then the region on acquired plate after camera is shot, that is, obtain corresponding amounts of particles.
3. the ratio of the region area as captured by number of spots and camera, by pictorial information by preset
The processing of MATLAB program, finally obtains dust concentration by corresponding operation.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light, it is characterised in that: include:
The channel (4) of dust flowing, the hollow transparent ball (1) that bulb is formed in the channel (4) of dust flowing, light is straight
Penetrate the laser (3) of light transmission sphere (1), the first lens (14) for being arranged between laser (3) and hollow transparent ball (1),
First polarizing film (15), the first quarter-wave plate (16)；
Optical fiber port (2) is clouded in the optical fiber (7) on the spherical surface of hollow transparent ball (1), optical fiber (7) the other end by optical fiber
(7) neat fiber fixed frame (8) are tied up；The video camera (12) being arranged before fiber fixed frame (8) is arranged in fiber fixed frame
(8) the second quarter-wave plate (17) between video camera (12) camera lens, the second polarizing film (18), the second lens (19).
2. the apparatus for measuring dust concentration according to claim 1 based on polarised light, it is characterised in that: the dust stream
Dynamic channel (4) is the cylindrical pipe of a central hollow transparent ball (1), and the one end in the channel (4) of dust flowing is to be measured
The gas of dust concentration enters the dust inlet (5) in the channel (4) of dust flowing, and the other end is that the dust to be measured that measured is dense
The dust outlet (9) in the channel (4) of the gas outflow dust flowing of degree.
3. the apparatus for measuring dust concentration according to claim 1 based on polarised light, it is characterised in that: in hollow hyaloplasmic sphere
The light trapping for inhaling the residual ray behind transmission heart transparent ball (1) inside is relatively set on body (1) spherical surface with laser (3)
(13)。
4. the apparatus for measuring dust concentration according to claim 2 based on polarised light, it is characterised in that: in the dust
The dust inlet (5) in the channel (4) of flowing is additionally provided with the breeze fan (6) of adjustable speed blower.
5. the apparatus for measuring dust concentration according to claim 2 based on polarised light, it is characterised in that: in the dust
The dust outlet (9) in the channel (4) of flowing is additionally provided with extraction fan (10).
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| CN201910083240.5A CN109883908A (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | A kind of apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light |
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| CN201910083240.5A CN109883908A (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | A kind of apparatus for measuring dust concentration based on polarised light |
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20190614 |