CN109883605A - The measurement method and detection device of shock wave pressure in a kind of liquid medium - Google Patents
The measurement method and detection device of shock wave pressure in a kind of liquid medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN109883605A CN109883605A CN201910150930.8A CN201910150930A CN109883605A CN 109883605 A CN109883605 A CN 109883605A CN 201910150930 A CN201910150930 A CN 201910150930A CN 109883605 A CN109883605 A CN 109883605A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of measurement method of shock wave pressure in liquid medium, include the following steps: that liquid medium is made to generate cavitation shock wave by induced with laser；The distance between vacuole and the free surface of induced with laser d is adjusted by mobile platformn, wherein n is pendulous frequency, and n is integer；By shooting liquid level raised image, maximum fluid height of projection h is measuredn, spherical crown edge to centre of sphere line and liquid level normal angleWith spherical crown edge to the angle theta on spherical crown vertex and liquid leveln, calculate raised liquid level transient state additional pressure Psn；Calculate C average value；Shock wave pressure is calculated according to l value.Vacuole excitation shock wave is caused the size of interface deformation to be converted into the pressure of shock wave at this by the present invention at free surface, can acquire the complete shock wave transmission equation in liquid medium outside the distance bubble heart using the value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic shock wave field, in particular in a kind of liquid medium the measurement method of shock wave pressure and
Detection device.
Background technique
In flow field locating for hydrofoil, propeller, turbine blade etc., a large amount of bubble collapse generates local high energy impact
Load, material surface is by cavitation erosion, and the cumulative effect of pressure pulse can also induce strong vibration, noise etc. and ask
Topic.In high speed water dynamics field, the shock wave that bubble collapse generates can be described as the dead enemy in engineer application.It is but empty
Steep the high pressure for generation of crumbling and fall, or used in us.Induced with laser vacuole utilizes the phase interaction of pulse laser and liquid medium
With when less laser energy value of threshold is higher than liquid medium breakdown threshold, breakdown point forms plasma chamber, the expansion of plasma chamber
It pulses and crumbles and fall to form shock wave in material, realize material modification.By adjusting laser parameter, control vacuole form and
Predictable modification occurs for shock wave characteristics, material property.The method that laser-induced cavitation induces shock wave processing material, remains
Laser treatment efficiently, high quality, non-contacting feature, and make full use of vacuole shock wave pressure big, effectively prevent laser direct
The shortcomings that overaction ablator.
Effective use cavitation shock wave modified material and the key for preventing cavitation shock wave from destroying are test shock wave pressure.
Currently used mode is measured using hydrophone, but since hydrophone is easy to damage, it is expensive the problems such as, can not be advised greatly
Mould is promoted the use of, and the measurement work of shock wave pressure is difficult to effectively carry out always.
Summary of the invention
In response to the deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of measurement sides of shock wave pressure in liquid medium
Vacuole excitation shock wave is caused at free surface the size of interface deformation to be converted into the pressure of shock wave at this, utilized by method
The value can acquire the complete shock wave transmission equation in liquid medium outside the distance bubble heart.
The present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
The measurement method of shock wave pressure, includes the following steps: in a kind of liquid medium
Liquid medium is set to generate cavitation shock wave by induced with laser；
The distance between vacuole and the free surface of induced with laser d is adjusted by mobile platformn, wherein n is pendulous frequency,
N is integer；
By shooting liquid level raised image, maximum fluid height of projection h is measuredn, spherical crown edge to centre of sphere line and liquid level
The angle of normalWith spherical crown edge to the angle theta on spherical crown vertex and liquid leveln, calculate raised liquid level transient state additional pressure Psn；
Pass through formulaCalculate C average value, wherein
P is the pressure in liquid medium at plasma vacuole center l, P=Psn, l=dn；
ρ0For liquid initial density；
B is constant related with pressure and liquid medium；
Shock wave pressure is calculated according to l value.
Further, further include following steps: building experimental provision focuses and laser parameter.
Further, the adjusting laser parameter specifically: according between the vacuole and free surface of the induced with laser
Distance dnWith the breakdown threshold of liquid medium, laser energy J:J >=J of induced with laser vacuole is chosen0+J1, wherein J0It is empty to be formed
Minimum energy needed for steeping；J1For other losses during laser transmission.
Further, according to maximum fluid height of projection hn, spherical crown edge to centre of sphere line and liquid level normal angleBall
Angle theta of the hat edge to spherical crown vertex and liquid leveln, calculate raised liquid level transient state additional pressure Psn, specifically:
Raised liquid level transient state additional pressure PSnWith maximum fluid height of projection hnRelationship are as follows:
Wherein, γ is surface tension coefficient.
Further, the distance between the vacuole of induced with laser and free surface dnRange are as follows: 1mm≤dn≤100mm。
The detection device of shock wave pressure in a kind of liquid medium, including pulse laser emission device, high speed camera and control
System processed；The pulse laser emission device is used for pulse laser focusing into liquid medium；The high speed camera is for clapping
Take the photograph liquid level raised image；The container bottom installation mobile platform of the liquid medium is held, the control system controls the arteries and veins
Impulse electro-optical device, high speed camera and mobile platform.
Further, the pulse laser emission device includes pulse laser, reflecting mirror and condenser lens, and the pulse swashs
For generating pulse laser, the pulse laser is focused in liquid medium light device by reflecting mirror and condenser lens.
Further, the liquid medium is transparent medium.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the measurement method of shock wave pressure in liquid medium of the present invention is excited in liquid medium using laser
Vacuole, the shock wave pressure caused to vacuole measure.
2. the measurement method of shock wave pressure in liquid medium of the present invention, the measurement of shock wave pressure are without the use of
Expensive hydrophone easy to damage carries out, and substantially reduces measurement cost.
3. the measurement method of shock wave pressure in liquid medium of the present invention, can for the interface deformation picture of shooting
With repeated multiple times measurement, measurement error is substantially reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure of the detecting device schematic diagram of shock wave pressure in liquid medium of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the liquid level bump diagrams of vacuole of the present invention and free surface.
Fig. 3 is that liquid level protrusion figure is surveyed in embodiment.
In figure:
1- control system；2- pulse laser；3- reflecting mirror；4- condenser lens；5- container；6- liquid medium；7- high speed
Camera；8- mobile platform；9- vacuole；10- free surface；11- three-dimensional mobile platform control system；12- liquid level protrusion.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is without being limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, in liquid medium of the present invention shock wave pressure detection device, including pulse laser emission
Device, container 5, high speed camera 7 and control system 1；Liquid medium 6 is filled in the container 5；The pulse laser focusing device
Including pulse laser 2, reflecting mirror 3 and condenser lens 4, the reflecting mirror 3, condenser lens 4 are located at the pulse laser 2
In optical path, the control system 1 is used to control and adjust the light beam output of the pulse laser 2.The pulse laser 2 is used
In generating pulse laser, the pulse laser is focused in liquid medium 6 by reflecting mirror 3 and condenser lens 4.In order to facilitate arteries and veins
The focusing of impulse light, further includes mobile platform 8, the container 5, three-dimensional mobile platform control system is placed on the mobile platform 8
11 is mobile for controlling mobile platform 8.The liquid medium 6 is transparency liquid, preferably water.The direction of free surface 10 in figure
It is vertical with incident laser.
The measurement method of shock wave pressure, includes the following steps: in a kind of liquid medium of the present invention
The first step, the preparation stage: pouring into the liquid medium 6 into the container 5, makes 5 distance from bottom of container certainly
It is D by liquid level；
Second step, constructs experimental provision, adjustment parameter, and comprising focusing with laser parameter etc., induced with laser generates empty
Change shock wave.
Focus: the three-dimensional mobile platform control system 11 adjusts the mobile platform 8, in order to adjust the focusing
4 focussing plane of lens adjusts the distance between vacuole 9 and free surface 10 of induced with laser apart from free surface height indirectly
dn；
Adjust laser parameter: according to dnAnd the breakdown threshold of water, choose the laser energy J of the induced with laser vacuole.
The laser treatment energy J meets following require: enabling to free surface 10 that raised deformation occurs and makes certainly
All range of laser energy not ruptured by liquid level 10.4 focussing plane of condenser lens is apart from free surface height dn
Range are as follows: 1mm≤dn≤100mm。
Third step, as shown in Fig. 2, shooting liquid level raised image, measures maximum fluid height of projection, spherical crown edge to the centre of sphere
The angle of line and liquid level normalWith spherical crown edge to the angle theta on spherical crown vertex and liquid leveln, it is additional to calculate raised liquid level transient state
Pressure Psn；
The pulse laser that pulse laser 2 emits is incident in liquid medium 6, and in focus point, laser energy density is more than
The breakdown threshold of liquid medium 6 forms luminous plasma chamber in breakdown area, since plasma has very strong light
Absorbability continues to absorb laser energy, causes inside cavity pressure to be greater than the pressure in liquid medium 6, so that cavity
Expansion rapidly forms vacuole 9；The pulsation of the vacuole 9 radiation blast wave into liquid, after shock wave reaches free surface 10,
So that free surface is generated deformation, by high speed camera 7 clap free surface at this time deformed condition, according to degree of correspondence deformation institute
The size of power is needed to obtain underwater blast wave pressure at this time.
4th step, calculating parameter C change laser focus position, test shock wave pressure and distance at n times liquid level position
Between relationship.C is related with the velocity of sound in liquid medium type and liquid.
Pass through formulaCalculate C average value, wherein
P is the pressure in liquid medium at vacuole (9) center l, P=Psn, l=dn；
ρ0For liquid initial density；
B is constant related with pressure and liquid medium；
5th step calculates the pressure at any l.L value is substituted intoObtain corresponding position shock wave pressure.
Specific embodiment:
Laser beam direction is vertical with free surface 10.Liquid medium 6 is selected as water and is poured into container 5, so that
Container bottom is apart from water surface elevation distance D=5mm；Container 5 is placed on mobile platform 8, it is mobile by control mobile platform 8,
Adjust the distance between vacuole 9 and the free surface 10 of induced with laser dn, n=1,2,3,4,5,6.That is d1=2.5mm, d2=
2.6mm, d3=2.7mm, d4=2.8mm, d5=2.9mm, d6=3mm, laser energy J >=J0+J1, wherein J0=0.6mJ；J1=
5mJ.J=25mJ is chosen herein.
Free surface protrusion figure when being illustrated in figure 3 D=5mm.(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) respectively correspond dn(n
It=1,2,3,4,5,6) is 2.5,2.6,2.7,2.8,2.9,3.0mm, measurement obtains h respectivelyn、θnWith
According to formula:P is calculatedsn；
Pass through formulaC average value is calculated, rear C=2.87 is averaged, wherein
P is the pressure in liquid medium at vacuole (9) center l, P=Psn, l=dn；
ρ0For liquid initial density；
B is constant related with pressure and liquid medium；B=2.07 in water.
Pressure P when can acquire l > 150 μm according to the formula at any l.
The embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, not
In the case where substantive content of the invention, any conspicuous improvement that those skilled in the art can make, replacement
Or modification all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the measurement method of shock wave pressure in a kind of liquid medium, which comprises the steps of:
Liquid medium is set to generate cavitation shock wave by induced with laser；
The distance between vacuole (9) and the free surface of induced with laser d is adjusted by mobile platform (8)n, wherein n is measurement time
Number, n is integer；
By shooting liquid level raised image, maximum fluid height of projection h is measuredn, spherical crown edge to centre of sphere line and liquid level normal
AngleWith spherical crown edge to the angle theta on spherical crown vertex and liquid leveln, calculate raised liquid level transient state additional pressure Psn；
Pass through formulaCalculate C average value, wherein
P is the pressure in liquid medium at vacuole (9) center l, P=Psn, l=dn；
ρ0For liquid initial density；
B is constant related with pressure and liquid medium；
Shock wave pressure is calculated according to l value.
2. the measurement method of shock wave pressure in liquid medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include as follows
Step: building experimental provision focuses and laser parameter.
3. the measurement method of shock wave pressure in liquid medium according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described adjust is swashed
Optical parameter specifically: according to the distance between the vacuole (9) of the induced with laser and free surface dnWith the breakdown of liquid medium
Threshold value chooses laser energy J:J >=J of induced with laser vacuole0+J1, wherein J0For minimum energy needed for formation vacuole (9)；J1For
Other losses during laser transmission.
4. the measurement method of shock wave pressure in liquid medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to maximum liquid
Face height of projection hn, spherical crown edge to centre of sphere line and liquid level normal angleSpherical crown edge is to spherical crown vertex and liquid level
Angle thetan, calculate raised liquid level transient state additional pressure Psn, specifically:
Raised liquid level transient state additional pressure PSnWith maximum fluid height of projection hnRelationship are as follows:
Wherein, γ is surface tension coefficient.
5. the measurement method of shock wave pressure in liquid medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that induced with laser
The distance between vacuole (9) and free surface dnRange are as follows: 1mm≤dn≤100mm。
6. the detection device of the measurement method of shock wave pressure, feature in a kind of liquid medium according to claim 1
It is, including pulse laser emission device, high speed camera (7) and control system (1)；The pulse laser emission device is used for will
Pulse laser focusing is in liquid medium (6)；The high speed camera (7) is for shooting liquid level raised image；Hold the liquid
The container bottom of medium installs mobile platform (8), and the control system (1) controls the impulse laser unit, high speed camera (6)
With mobile platform (8).
7. the detection device of shock wave pressure in liquid medium according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the pulse swashs
Light emitting devices includes pulse laser (2), reflecting mirror (3) and condenser lens (4), and the pulse laser (2) is for generating
Pulse laser, the pulse laser are focused in liquid medium (6) by reflecting mirror (3) and condenser lens (4).
8. the detection device of shock wave pressure in liquid medium according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the liquid is situated between
Matter is transparent medium.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113234918A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-08-10 | 山东大学 | Double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method with defocusing amount |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113234918A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-08-10 | 山东大学 | Double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method with defocusing amount |
| CN113234918B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-02-18 | 山东大学 | Double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method with defocusing amount |
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