CN109270050A - The synchronous experimental facility of liquid optical breakdown induction cavitation bubble and air bubble - Google Patents
The synchronous experimental facility of liquid optical breakdown induction cavitation bubble and air bubble Download PDFInfo
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- CN109270050A CN109270050A CN201811283016.2A CN201811283016A CN109270050A CN 109270050 A CN109270050 A CN 109270050A CN 201811283016 A CN201811283016 A CN 201811283016A CN 109270050 A CN109270050 A CN 109270050A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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Abstract
The present invention provides the synchronous experimental facility of a kind of induction of liquid optical breakdown cavitation bubble and air bubble, including optoelectronic switch, liquid optical breakdown induces cavitation bubble control assembly, air bubble releases the control component, sink, high-speed camera, computer, the optoelectronic switch is made of mode of laser group and photosensitive resistance sensor, the liquid optical breakdown induces cavitation bubble control assembly by laser, beam expanding lens, reflecting mirror, condenser lens composition, the air bubble generating assembly is by air syringe pump, the hose being connect with the output end of air syringe pump, it is connected to the syringe needle composition of hose end.The experimental provision can be used for that the systematicness of cavitation bubble and air bubble is synchronous to be studied, and provide new experimental provision and method easily and effectively for the research of thin sight level air mixing corrosion reducing mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Bubble dynamics fields, and in particular to a kind of synchronous experimental facility of cavitation bubble and air bubble.
Background technique
Cavitation is widely present in the industries such as water conservancy, ship, medical treatment as a kind of hydrodynamics phenomenon, the research to cavitation bubble
Originating from the cavitation phenomenon in engineering.It is some in high, the middle head discharge structure of a large amount of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering both at home and abroad
The phenomenon that position, often generating material degrades destruction, this phenomenon are known as cavitation corrosion.In water conservancy industry, for the danger for reducing or remitting cavitation corrosion
Evil, mostly uses aeration measure, and researching and designing both domestic and external and practice are all it has been shown that the measure economical and effective, and project letter
List, corrosion inhibitor effect are obvious.Although aeration measure is widely used, vacation is rested on mostly at present about air mixing corrosion reducing mechanism
Think level, lacks the thin experimental data support for seeing level.And (life cycle of low pressure electric spark vacuole is about for the full life of cavitation bubble
For 1~3ms) process along with itself expansion, shrink, crumble and fall, spring back concussion etc. mechanical behaviors, such as microjet and shock wave.
Interaction during research aeration between cavitation bubble and air bubble is of great significance to more effective air mixing corrosion reducing.
The production method of cavitation bubble at present mainly has underwater high-voltage discharge, underwater low-voltage discharge, liquid optical breakdown
The methods of.Liquid optical breakdown is to generate cavitation bubble using the liquid optical breakdown effect of laser.The energy density of intense laser beam
More than liquid breakdown threshold values when, liquid can by " optical breakdown ", breakdown area water power from formed high temperature and pressure it is equal from
Daughter, plasma absorption post laser energy expands outward forms ultrasonic plasma shock wave, simultaneously because hyperthermia induced
Liquid vaporization is set to generate cavitation bubble.This method becomes due to having the advantages that Sphere symmetry is good, easily controllable and without mechanical deformation
Study the effective means of Bubble dynamics.
Since air mixing corrosion reducing is related to multiple research fields, and harshness is required to experimental facilities, for example, when cavitation bubble is crumbled and fall
Between magnitude be about 10-4S studies the process and just needs to use frequency up to 105Frame/second or higher high-speed photography equipment；Air
The relative instant and relative position that bubble is generated with cavitation bubble are difficult to control, and experimental study difficulty is larger.Only a small amount of document is adopted
Cavitation bubble is generated by bubble again with bubble is adhered in advance on the rope for smearing paraffin, and this method is to cavitation bubble and air bubble
Evolving morphology and mechanical behavior have very big interference.Therefore the research of air mixing corrosion reducing microcosmic mechanism is still within tentatively at present
Exploratory stage lacks solid experimental provision and data.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of liquid optical breakdown induce cavitation bubble and air bubble synchronous experimental facility,
For the systematic Study of cavitation bubble and air bubble, for thin sight level air mixing corrosion reducing mechanism research provide it is new easily and effectively
Experimental provision and method.
For the above goal of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of liquid optical breakdown and induces cavitation bubble reality synchronous with air bubble
Experiment device, including optoelectronic switch, liquid optical breakdown induce cavitation bubble control assembly, air bubble releases the control component, sink, height
Fast video camera, computer, the optoelectronic switch are made of mode of laser group and photosensitive resistance sensor, and the liquid optical breakdown lures
Hair cavitation bubble control assembly is injected by laser, beam expanding lens, reflecting mirror, condenser lens, the air bubble generating assembly by air
Pump, the hose being connect with the output end of air syringe pump, the syringe needle composition for being connected to hose end；
The photosensitive resistance sensor of the optoelectronic switch with laser and high-speed camera mechatronics, while controlling and swashing simultaneously
Light device is connected to the operating circuit of high-speed camera, and the mode of laser group is mounted on the signal receiving end with photosensitive resistance sensor
Opposite position, and mode of laser group and photosensitive resistance sensor are located at the outer two sides of sink, so that the laser that mode of laser group issues is penetrated
Line passes through sink water body and is incident on photosensitive resistance sensor；The liquid optical breakdown induces in cavitation bubble control assembly, institute
It states beam expanding lens to be located on the emitting light path of laser, the pulse laser that laser issues is expanded as laser beam, the reflecting mirror
On laser beam optical path, make the overwater propagation in sink downward vertically of laser beam, and focus to water body by condenser lens
The liquid optical breakdown position of middle setting generates cavitation bubble；The syringe needle of the air bubble generating assembly is fixed on bottom of gullet,
Installation site makes the air bubble of evolution rise and pass through the laser beam that mode of laser group issues in water body, passes photo resistance
The light intensity that sensor receives changes, to trigger high-speed camera simultaneously and laser is powered on；The high-speed camera
Machine is connect with computer, obtains the filmed image of high-speed camera in real time.
Further, the pin hole of the laser beam eye point, photosensitive resistance sensor signal receiving end, syringe needle of mode of laser group
3 points of total vertical guides.
Further, the signal receiving end of the mode of laser group issues laser beam and photosensitive resistance sensor is located at same
On one horizontal linear.
Further, high-speed camera and laser focus point are located at the laser beam eye point, photosensitive of mode of laser group
Electric resistance sensor signal receiving end, syringe needle 3 points of pin hole where vertical guide two sides, to avoid the moving influence of laser beam
The shooting visual field of high-speed camera.
Further, photosensitive resistance sensor, the position of mode of laser group is adjustable；Laser focus point, the level of pin hole are opposite
Position and vertical relative position are adjustable, it is therefore an objective to air bubble be made to pass through the relative position for the laser beam that mode of laser group issues
It is adjustable, obtain the picture of cavitation bubble and air bubble difference relative position, the i.e. cavitation of different level distance and different vertical distances
Bubble and air bubble.
Further, the mode of laser group, the installation site of high-speed camera, which meet, wears the air bubble from syringe needle evolution
Laser beam and later dynamic are crossed in the shooting visual field of high-speed camera.
Further, the laser focus point that liquid optical breakdown induces cavitation bubble control assembly is located at the bat of high-speed camera
It takes the photograph in the visual field.
Further, the syringe needle is set as the different plurality of specifications of pinhole aperture.
Further, the syringe needle is vertically mounted on sink bottom wall, makes pin hole vertically upward.
Further, the laser beam that the mode of laser group issues is vertical with straight line where syringe needle.
In above technical scheme, the optoelectronic switch includes mode of laser group and photosensitive resistance sensor.Photo resistance sensing
The signal receiving end of device is responsible for receiving the laser beam that mode of laser group issues.Photosensitive resistance sensor has relay module, matches
Potentiometer adjusts sensitivity, by adjusting potentiometer, sets starting relay threshold values, when bright when this threshold values, relay module
It disconnects, secretly when this threshold values, relay is connected.It is photosensitive when threshold value passes through the laser beam that mode of laser group issues according to air bubble
The received laser intensity variation of the signal receiving end of electric resistance sensor is to set.
In above technical scheme, when air bubble passes through the laser beam that mode of laser group issues, photosensitive resistance sensor will be same
When triggering high-speed camera and laser circuit connect certain time, otherwise down circuitry.
In above technical scheme, the size of cavitation bubble can be adjusted by the energy size that laser exports, cavitation bubble
Position can be adjusted by reflecting mirror with condenser lens.
In above technical scheme, the size of air bubble can be adjusted by the pore size of syringe needle, the position of air bubble
It can be adjusted by the position that photosensitive resistance sensor and mode of laser group are adjusted jointly.It is 0.1cm/ that table one, which shows air velocity,
When ms, the syringe needle of different pore size corresponds to the air bubble of different-diameter size.
Table one:
| Aperture/mm | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.60 |
| Bubble diameter/mm | 0.71 | 1.22 | 1.67 | 2.08 | 2.47 | 2.84 |
Workflow and principle when experimental provision of the present invention being used to carry out experimental study: mode of laser group is to photo resistance
Sensor issues laser beam, and manipulation air syringe pump releases air, and air escapes syringe needle, forms air bubble in sink, when
Air bubble floats up to the laser beam issued when certain altitude across mode of laser group, causes the received light intensity of photosensitive resistance sensor
Weaken, photosensitive resistance sensor triggers high-speed camera immediately when reaching the light intensity value of setting and the operating circuit of laser is logical
Electricity.Further, laser issues pulse laser, expands through beam expanding lens for laser beam, then through reflector laser beam by propagating in parallel
It is changed into vertical transmission, the last line focus lens of the laser beam after deflecting generate cavitation bubble in the predetermined position of sink.Meanwhile it is high
Sync pulse jamming air bubble and cavitation bubble interaction picture, computer read the recording shadow of high-speed camera after fast video camera is powered
Picture.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. air bubble is floated up to certain position and high-speed camera using optoelectronic switch by experimental provision of the present invention
Shooting, the generation of cavitation bubble synchronize, and realize the multidate information acquisition and research of cavitation bubble and air bubble interaction, are thin
The research of sight level air mixing corrosion reducing mechanism provides new convenient experimental method.
2 use experimental provision of the present invention, and the size of cavitation bubble, the size of position and air bubble, position can be accurate
Control.
3. the form of cavitation bubble is closer to spherical shape, other disturbing factors are few, and experiment effect is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the synchronous experimental facility structural representation that liquid optical breakdown of the present invention induces cavitation bubble and air bubble
Figure；
Fig. 2 be experimental provision of the present invention in sink, photosensitive resistance sensor, mode of laser group relative position arrangement bow
View (floor plan)；
Fig. 3 is that embodiment high speed video camera takes liquid optical breakdown induction cavitation bubble and air bubble interaction
Picture；The oblate spheroid air bubble for being diameter 2.2mm on the left of 0 moment picture in figure, right side are that liquid optical breakdown induces cavitation bubble
The initial time of generation；100 μ s moment pictures right sides are to be expanded to the cavitation bubble that maximum gauge is 2.2mm in figure.
In figure, 1 laser, 2 beam expanding lens, 3 reflecting mirrors, 4 condenser lenses, 5 cavitation bubbles, 6 air bubbles, 7 photo resistance sensing
Device, 8 mode of laser groups, 9 syringe needles, 10 hoses, 11 air syringe pumps, 12 high-speed cameras, 13 computers, 14 sinks.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.As described below is only this hair
Bright embodiment, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, it is all using equivalent structure made by present specification or
Equivalent process transformation is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technical fields, is similarly included in the scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Embodiment
Liquid optical breakdown induce cavitation bubble and air bubble synchronous experimental facility, as shown in Figure 1, include optoelectronic switch,
Liquid optical breakdown induces cavitation bubble control assembly, air bubble releases the control component, sink 14, high-speed camera 12, computer
13, the optoelectronic switch is made of mode of laser group 8 and photosensitive resistance sensor 7, and the liquid optical breakdown induces cavitation bubble control
Component processed is by laser 1, beam expanding lens 2, reflecting mirror 3, condenser lens 4, the air bubble generating assembly by air syringe pump 11, with
The hose 10 of the output end connection of air syringe pump, the syringe needle 9 for being connected to hose end form；
The photosensitive resistance sensor of the optoelectronic switch with laser and high-speed camera mechatronics, while controlling and swashing simultaneously
Light device is connected to the operating circuit of high-speed camera, and the mode of laser group is mounted on the signal receiving end with photosensitive resistance sensor
Opposite position, and mode of laser group and photosensitive resistance sensor are located at the outer two sides of sink, so that the laser that mode of laser group issues is penetrated
Line passes through sink water body and is incident on photosensitive resistance sensor；The liquid optical breakdown induces in cavitation bubble control assembly, institute
It states beam expanding lens to be located on the emitting light path of laser, the pulse laser that laser issues is expanded as laser beam, the reflecting mirror
On laser beam optical path, make the overwater propagation in sink downward vertically of laser beam, and focus to water body by condenser lens
The liquid optical breakdown position of middle setting generates cavitation bubble；The syringe needle of the air bubble generating assembly is perpendicularly fixed at sink bottom
Portion, and pin hole is vertically upward, installation site rises the air bubble of evolution in water body and passes through what mode of laser group issued
Laser beam, the light intensity for receiving photosensitive resistance sensor changes, to trigger high-speed camera and laser simultaneously
Work be powered on；The high-speed camera is connect with computer, obtains the filmed image of high-speed camera in real time.
The present embodiment carries out following optimization: laser beam eye point, the photosensitive resistance sensor signal of mode of laser group receive
It holds, 3 points of pin hole total vertical guides of syringe needle, and the laser beam of mode of laser group sending and the signal of photosensitive resistance sensor connect
Receiving end is located on same level straight line.High-speed camera and laser focus point are located at the laser beam outgoing of mode of laser group
Point, photosensitive resistance sensor signal receiving end, syringe needle 3 points of pin hole where vertical guide two sides, to avoid the shifting of laser beam
The dynamic shooting visual field for influencing high-speed camera.The horizontal position of the photosensitive resistance sensor and mode of laser group is equal with upright position
It is adjustable, in order to adjust the position that laser beam adapts to air bubble, air bubble is made to pass through laser beam.The mode of laser group,
The installation site of high-speed camera, which meets, is taking the photograph the air bubble escaped from syringe needle at a high speed across laser beam and later dynamic
In the shooting visual field of camera, the laser focus point that liquid optical breakdown induces cavitation bubble control assembly is located at the bat of high-speed camera
It takes the photograph in the visual field, and the optical center of best laser focus point and high-speed camera is in the same horizontal line.The syringe needle is set as
The different plurality of specifications of pinhole aperture, to meet experiment condition needs.
In this example, all electric appliances are all made of civilian 220v AC power supply.
Air syringe pump uses LSP01-1B extraction/pouring type syringe pump (commercially available)；Nd:YAG pulse laser output wave
The single mode pulse laser of long 1064nm, laser energy 200mJ, pulsewidth 8ns, model: SPITLIGHT Compact 200, factory
Family INNOLAS, pulse frequency: 10Hz, beam divergence: < 1.5mrad.Mode of laser group uses the infrared laser of commercially available wavelength 650nm
Mould group, power 5mW, laser beam diameter 1-2mm；Photosensitive resistance sensor is (commercially available) to use 5V photosensitive resistance sensor relay
Device module.High-speed camera selection is maximum up to 2400000 frames/second high-speed camera, and camera lens uses microspur enlarging lens；It calculates
Machine pre-installs high-speed camera control and image processing software.
When being tested, it is slowly added to deionized water into sink, liquid level is made to be higher by 5 times of the position of liquid optical breakdown
Cavitation bubble maximum radius (cavitation bubble maximum radius is according to experimental measurement).Firstly, by photosensitive resistance sensor, mode of laser group, sky
Gas syringe pump and computer are powered on.Secondly, manipulation air syringe pump releases air, air escapes syringe needle, the shape in sink
At air bubble, the laser beam issued when air bubble floats up to certain altitude across mode of laser group causes photo resistance to sense
The received light intensity decreasing of device, photosensitive resistance sensor triggers high-speed camera and laser immediately when reaching the light intensity value of setting
Operating circuit is powered.Further, laser issues pulse laser, expands through beam expanding lens for laser beam, then through reflector laser beam
Vertical transmission is changed by parallel propagation, the last line focus lens of the laser beam after deflecting generate cavitation in the predetermined position of sink
Bubble.Meanwhile sync pulse jamming air bubble and cavitation bubble interaction picture, computer pass through high-speed camera after high-speed camera energization
Machine software kit reads the recording image of high-speed camera in real time.Finally, when image procossing, the size root of cavitation bubble and air bubble
It is measured according to the pixel number of respective shared picture.
The picture for the air bubble interaction that high-speed camera takes is shown in Fig. 3.0 moment in figure, air bubble pass through laser
The operating circuit of high-speed camera and laser is powered by the laser beam that mould group issues, triggering photosensitive resistance sensor, high speed
The oblate spheroid air bubble for being diameter 2.2mm on the left of the picture of video camera shooting, right side are the initial time that cavitation bubble generates；It
Afterwards, cavitation bubble issues dazzling radiance and starts to expand, and to be expanded to maximum gauge is 2.2mm's on the right side of 100 μ s moment pictures
Cavitation bubble, subsequent cavitation bubble experience shrinks, crumbles and fall, reflation, shrinks the processes such as crumble and fall again；In the Life cycle of cavitation bubble
In, air bubble is influenced form by cavitation bubble and acute variation occurs, and is had an impact to the direction of crumbling and fall of cavitation bubble, the intensity that crumbles and fall.
Experimental provision accurately takes the picture of air bubble and cavitation bubble interaction.
Using the synchronizing device of a kind of cavitation bubble based on liquid optical breakdown effect and air bubble, by the floating of air bubble
Generation to the shooting of predetermined position and high-speed camera, cavitation bubble synchronizes, cavitation bubble and air bubble generate it is opposite when
Quarter, relative position are more accurate compared to previous laboratory facilities, and the controllability of experiment greatly improves, and are air mixing corrosion reducing microcosmic mechanism
Research provides new laboratory facilities.
Claims (10)
1. the synchronous experimental facility of liquid optical breakdown induction cavitation bubble and air bubble, it is characterised in that including optoelectronic switch, liquid
Body optical breakdown induces cavitation bubble control assembly, air bubble releases the control component, sink (14), high-speed camera (12), calculates
Machine (13), the optoelectronic switch are made of mode of laser group (8) and photosensitive resistance sensor (7), and the liquid optical breakdown induces
Cavitation bubble control assembly is occurred by laser (1), beam expanding lens (2), reflecting mirror (3), condenser lens (4) composition, the air bubble
Component is by air syringe pump (11), the hose (10) connecting with the output end of air syringe pump, the syringe needle for being connected to hose end
(9) it forms；
The photosensitive resistance sensor of the optoelectronic switch with laser and high-speed camera mechatronics, while controlling laser simultaneously
It is connected to the operating circuit of high-speed camera, the mode of laser group is mounted on opposite with the signal receiving end of photosensitive resistance sensor
Position, and mode of laser group and photosensitive resistance sensor are located at the outer two sides of sink, so that the laser beam that mode of laser group issues is worn
Water-carrying groove water body is incident on photosensitive resistance sensor；Liquid optical breakdown induces in cavitation bubble control assembly, the beam expanding lens
On the emitting light path of laser, the pulse laser that laser issues is expanded as laser beam, the reflecting mirror is located at laser
On beam optical path, make the overwater propagation in sink downward vertically of laser beam, and focuses to by condenser lens and to be set in water body
Liquid optical breakdown position generates cavitation bubble；The syringe needle of the air bubble generating assembly is fixed on bottom of gullet, installation site
So that the air bubble of evolution rises in water body and pass through the laser beam that mode of laser group issues, receive photosensitive resistance sensor
To light intensity change, so that the work for triggering high-speed camera and laser simultaneously is powered on；The high-speed camera
It is connect with computer, obtains the filmed image of high-speed camera in real time.
2. liquid optical breakdown induces the synchronous experimental facility of cavitation bubble and air bubble according to claim 1, feature exists
In the laser beam eye point of mode of laser group, photosensitive resistance sensor signal receiving end, 3 points of pin hole of syringe needle total vertical guides.
3. liquid optical breakdown induces the synchronous experimental facility of cavitation bubble and air bubble according to claim 2, feature exists
It is located on same level straight line in the signal receiving end of laser beam and photosensitive resistance sensor that the mode of laser group issues.
4. liquid optical breakdown induces the synchronous experimental facility of cavitation bubble and air bubble according to claim 2, feature exists
In high-speed camera and laser focus point are located at the laser beam eye point of mode of laser group, photosensitive resistance sensor signal connects
Receiving end, syringe needle 3 points of pin hole where vertical guide two sides.
5. the cavitation bubble and air bubble of underwater low-voltage discharge induction described in any claim according to claim 1~3
Synchronous experimental facility, it is characterised in that photosensitive resistance sensor, the position of mode of laser group is adjustable；Laser focus point, pin hole are opposite
Position is adjustable.
6. liquid optical breakdown induces the synchronous experimental facility of cavitation bubble and air bubble according to claim 1, feature exists
In the mode of laser group, the installation site of high-speed camera meet make from syringe needle escape air bubble pass through laser beam and after
Dynamic in the shooting visual field of high-speed camera.
7. liquid optical breakdown induces the synchronous experimental facility of cavitation bubble and air bubble according to claim 5, feature exists
It is located in the shooting visual field of high-speed camera in the laser focus point that liquid optical breakdown induces cavitation bubble control assembly.
8. liquid optical breakdown induces the synchronous experimental facility of cavitation bubble and air bubble according to claim 1, feature exists
The different plurality of specifications of pinhole aperture is set as in the syringe needle.
9. liquid optical breakdown induces the synchronous experimental facility of cavitation bubble and air bubble according to claim 1, feature exists
It is vertically mounted on sink bottom wall in the syringe needle, makes pin hole vertically upward.
10. liquid optical breakdown induces the synchronous experimental facility of cavitation bubble and air bubble according to claim 7, feature exists
It is vertical with straight line where syringe needle in the laser beam that the mode of laser group issues.
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| CN113445067A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-28 | 清华大学 | Hydrogen production equipment and method for observing bubbles in proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell |
| CN114251278A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-29 | 湖南凯利特泵业有限公司 | Device and method for observing cavitation condition of water pump impeller based on photoelectric tube |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114251278B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-12-08 | 湖南凯利特泵业有限公司 | Device and method for observing cavitation condition of water pump impeller based on photoelectric tube |
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