CN109880393B - Packaging material using bamboo as substitute for plastic and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Packaging material using bamboo as substitute for plastic and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel packaging material using bamboo to replace plastic, and a preparation method and application thereof. The novel packaging material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 85-98% of bamboo filament, 1-9% of adhesive and 0.1-8% of flexibilizer; the width of the bamboo filament is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the bamboo filament is 0.05-0.3 mm. The novel packaging material provided by the invention is flexible and foldable, can be applied to disposable articles for daily use such as packaging bags, lunch boxes and the like, can meet the use requirements in the aspects of functions and mechanical properties, can reduce the use of plastics, and relieves the pollution to the living environment of human beings, and after the bamboo packaging bags are produced, the cost of the packaging material is almost the same as that of a common plastic bag; the novel packaging material is degradable, can be reused for preparing reinforcing ribs of composite building materials and decorative plates, and does not produce any pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of packaging materials, in particular to a packaging material using bamboo to replace plastic and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Plastic bags are daily necessities of people, are generally made of high polymer compounds such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and the like, polyvinyl chloride is called PVC for short, is the most important class of vinyl polymers, and is the second largest plastic variety which is only second to polyethylene in the world at present. In China, the yield of the polyvinyl chloride is the top of plastics. The annual output of plastics worldwide is about 1.5 million tons, China consumes a large amount of plastic bags every year, and at present, the annual output of plastics in China is 500 million tons, and the consumption is over 800 million tons. While the plastic bag is convenient for human life, the serious pollution caused by the plastic bag to the world is also amazing.
According to statistics, 7000 million tons of plastic bags are poured and floated to the ocean all over the world every year. The pollution of the marine plastic bags is serious and exceeds the self-cleaning capability of the sea. According to the detection of the authoritative scientists, there are a large number of plastic microparticles in the sea salt of the albefruit, which are carcinogenic and cause various diseases. With the development of new business states such as e-commerce, express delivery and take-out, the consumption of plastic lunch boxes, plastic packages and the like is rapidly increased. The plastic bags remained in soil and water for a long time can cause great harm to soil and water, and seriously pollute residents living in cities and rural areas. The plastic package is mainly from natural fossil resources, the storage amount of the energy is limited to a certain extent, the natural fossil resources are exhausted increasingly along with the development of the economic society, and the plastic is difficult to degrade rapidly under natural conditions, so that great pressure is exerted on the environment and the resources. Therefore, the development of degradable packaging materials meets the ecological development requirement, and has extremely huge global market demand.
The bamboo wood is a rich natural biological resource in China, occupies about one third of the total amount of the world, and has the advantages of wide growth area, quick lumber formation, low price, reproducibility and the like. Meanwhile, the bamboo wood has mechanical characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus and the like, so that the bamboo wood is a structural material with high practical value. As the fossil resources for producing the plastics are limited, and a large amount of plastics are seriously polluted by the environment, and the bamboo resources are very rich and can be regenerated in 1 to 2 years, the bamboo-plastic product is vigorously developed, so that the method has great social and practical significance and profound historical significance for protecting national fossil resources and human living environment.
In recent years, bamboo is mainly processed and utilized by mixing bamboo powder, bamboo filaments and polyethylene or polypropylene and adding additives such as a cross-linking agent, a foaming agent and the like to prepare bamboo-plastic composite building materials and the like. The bamboo-plastic composite material is prepared from bamboo powder or bamboo filaments, and more polyethylene, polypropylene, chemical additives and the like (generally accounting for 50-80% in practice) are added, so that the environment is still seriously damaged in the actual use process, the mechanical property of the existing bamboo-plastic composite material is poor, higher use requirements cannot be met, and the problems of complex process, increased cost and difficulty in mass production by an industrial method exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the packaging material in the prior art, the invention provides a novel packaging material which is made of bamboo instead of plastic. The packaging material takes bamboo as a renewable resource as a raw material, and is assisted by a flexible agent and an adhesive, so that the packaging material is green, environment-friendly, flexible, foldable and degradable.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the novel packaging material which is made of bamboo instead of plastic.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing the application of the novel packaging material which is made of bamboo instead of plastic in packaging bags, lunch boxes, tableware and water cups.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a novel packaging material using bamboo as a substitute for plastic, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 85-98% of bamboo filament, 1-9% of adhesive and 0.1-8% of flexibilizer; the width of the bamboo filament is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the bamboo filament is 0.05-0.3 mm.
Further, the novel packaging material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 90-96% of bamboo filament, 2-6% of adhesive and 0.5-5% of flexibilizer; the width of the bamboo filament is 0.1-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the bamboo filament is 0.1-0.3 mm.
Furthermore, the novel packaging material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 93-95% of bamboo filaments, 3-5% of adhesive and 0.5-2% of flexibilizer.
The novel packaging material provided by the invention adopts bamboo materials with rich resources as raw materials, is green, environment-friendly and degradable; and polymer auxiliary materials such as adhesives, flexibilizers and the like are added according to a specific proportion, so that the mechanical strength of the bamboo filament can be maintained, a synergistic effect is achieved, and the flexibility of the bamboo filament is obviously enhanced. The novel packaging material is flexible and foldable, can meet the use requirement in the aspect of mechanical property, can reduce the use of plastics and relieve the pollution to the living environment of human beings.
Further, the adhesive is any one of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene.
Further, the flexibilizer is any one of paraffin, glycerol or polyethylene wax.
The invention also provides a preferable preparation method of the novel packaging material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing bamboo filaments: selecting 1-2 years old bamboos, and obtaining bamboo filaments with process requirements through bamboo breaking, thin bamboo strip splitting and wire drawing production flow of a cutter along the direction of bamboo fibers;
s2, adding an adhesive and a flexible agent into the bamboo filaments produced in the step S1, and then weaving and forming to obtain the novel bamboo packaging material.
The invention adopts 1-2 years of raw bamboo as raw materials, if the age of the bamboo exceeds 2 years, although the moisture and sugar of the bamboo are less and the bamboo is not easy to grow insects, the flexibility is not good; and if the age of the bamboo is less than 1 year, the bamboo contains more water and more sugar, and is easy to grow insects and mildew, so that the bamboo growing for 1-2 years is the best material for manufacturing the functional bamboo filaments.
According to different strength requirements and purposes of the packaging material, further, in step S2, the weaving structure may be a pure longitudinal or longitudinal and transverse cross weaving mode, and the joints between the bamboo filaments and between the bamboo filaments are bonded by using an adhesive.
According to the invention, by referring to the traditional bamboo weaving package in China, bamboo filaments as thin as cicada wings and as thin as hair are woven into gauze or 'cloth' according to the modern 'weaving' technology and the high polymer auxiliary materials, and the component proportions are scientifically and reasonably designed according to the use function of the packaging material, so that the novel environment-friendly, flexible, foldable and degradable bamboo packaging material is obtained.
Furthermore, in the pure longitudinal weaving mode, the bamboo filaments are not spaced.
Furthermore, in the longitudinal and transverse cross weaving mode, the longitudinal bamboo filaments are not spaced, and the transverse bamboo filaments are spaced at any one of a non-spacing distance, a 1-5 cm spacing distance or a 6-10 cm spacing distance.
The invention also provides the application of the novel packaging material in the packaging bag, and the novel packaging material can be particularly applied to replace the common plastic packaging bag.
The invention also provides application of the novel packaging material in disposable lunch boxes, tableware and water cups, and the prepared novel packaging material is subjected to compression molding and curing treatment according to corresponding molds to obtain the lunch boxes, the tableware and the water cups.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a novel packaging material using bamboo as a substitute, which takes renewable biomass bamboo materials with rich resources as raw materials, is green, environment-friendly and degradable; and polymer auxiliary materials such as adhesives, flexibilizers and the like are added according to a specific proportion, so that the mechanical strength of the bamboo filament can be kept, the connection and synergy effects are achieved, and the flexibility of the bamboo filament is obviously enhanced.
The novel packaging material provided by the invention is flexible and foldable, can meet the use requirement in the aspect of mechanical property, can reduce the use of plastics, and relieves the pollution to the living environment of human beings; the bamboo packaging material is degradable, recyclable and recyclable, can be subjected to ecological natural treatment on one hand, and can be recycled on the other hand to be used as reinforcing ribs of composite building materials and decorative plates without generating any pollution.
According to the invention, by referring to the traditional bamboo-woven package in China, fine bamboo filaments are woven into gauze or 'cloth' according to pure longitudinal or longitudinal and transverse cross according to different requirements on functions, purposes and strength, and polymer auxiliary materials are added, the component ratios and the spacing between the bamboo filaments are scientifically and reasonably designed, so that the novel environment-friendly, flexible, foldable and degradable bamboo packaging material is obtained. The novel bamboo packaging material is applied to disposable articles for daily use such as packaging bags, lunch boxes and the like, and can effectively solve the problem of global environmental pollution caused by the existing plastic packaging bags and disposable lunch boxes.
The novel bamboo packaging material provided by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process flow, renewable resources of main raw materials of bamboo, low cost and large-scale industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a digital photograph of bamboo filaments prepared according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pure longitudinal knitting structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross-woven structure of the bamboo filaments with a transverse spacing of 8cm according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a longitudinal and transverse cross-woven structure with a transverse bamboo filament spacing of 3cm according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a longitudinal and transverse cross-woven structure without space between longitudinal and transverse bamboo filaments according to example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific examples.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
For convenience of explanation, the main raw materials described in the present invention are listed below, and are commercially available unless the preparation method thereof is specifically described.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a novel packaging material using bamboo as a plastic, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 90% of bamboo filaments, 2% of adhesive and 8% of flexibilizer; among them, the adhesive is preferably polyvinyl chloride, and the flexible agent is preferably glycerin.
The preparation method of the novel packaging material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing bamboo filaments: selecting 1-2 years old bamboos, and obtaining bamboo filaments with process requirements through bamboo breaking, thin bamboo strip splitting and wire drawing production flow of a cutter along the direction of bamboo fibers; in step S1, the width of the bamboo filament is 0.05mm, and the thickness of the bamboo filament is 0.3 mm;
s2, adding an adhesive and a flexibilizer into the bamboo filaments obtained in the step S1 according to the proportion, then carrying out pure longitudinal weaving by adopting a conventional weaving technology, and bonding the bamboo filaments and the interfaces of the adjacent bamboo filaments by adopting the adhesive to obtain the novel packaging material; wherein, there is no interval between the longitudinal bamboo filaments.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a novel packaging material using bamboo as a plastic, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 93% of bamboo filament, 5% of adhesive and 2% of flexibilizer; among them, the adhesive is preferably polyethylene, and the flexibility agent is preferably paraffin.
The preparation method of the novel packaging material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing bamboo filaments: selecting 1-2 years old bamboos, and obtaining bamboo filaments with process requirements through bamboo breaking, thin bamboo strip splitting and wire drawing production flow of a cutter along the direction of bamboo fibers; in step S1, the width of the bamboo filament is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the bamboo filament is 0.05 mm;
s2, adding an adhesive and a flexibilizer into the bamboo filaments obtained in the step S1 according to the proportion, then carrying out longitudinal and transverse cross weaving by adopting a conventional weaving technology, and bonding the bamboo filaments and the interfaces of the adjacent bamboo filaments by adopting the adhesive to obtain the novel packaging material; wherein, there is no interval between the bamboo filament of the longitudinal direction, arrange closely, the interval between the bamboo filament of the horizontal direction is 8 cm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a novel packaging material using bamboo as a plastic, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 96% of bamboo filament, 3.5% of adhesive and 0.5% of flexibilizer; the adhesive is preferably polypropylene, and the flexibilizer is preferably polyethylene wax.
The preparation method of the novel packaging material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing bamboo filaments: selecting 1-2 year old bamboos, and obtaining bamboo filaments with process requirements through bamboo breaking, thin bamboo strip splitting and wire drawing along the direction of bamboo fibers by a cutter; in step S1, the width of the bamboo filament is 0.3mm, and the thickness of the bamboo filament is 0.1 mm;
s2, adding an adhesive and a flexibilizer into the bamboo filaments obtained in the step S2 according to the proportion, then carrying out longitudinal and transverse cross weaving by adopting a conventional weaving technology, and bonding the bamboo filaments and the joints of the bamboo filaments by adopting the adhesive to obtain the novel packaging material; wherein, there is no interval between the bamboo filament of the longitudinal direction, arrange closely, the interval between the bamboo filament of the horizontal direction is 3 cm.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a novel packaging material using bamboo as a plastic, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 95% of bamboo filament, 3% of adhesive and 2% of flexibilizer; among them, the adhesive is preferably polyvinyl chloride, and the flexible agent is preferably glycerin.
The preparation method of the novel packaging material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing bamboo filaments: selecting 1-2 year old bamboos, and obtaining bamboo filaments with process requirements through bamboo breaking, thin bamboo strip splitting and wire drawing along the direction of bamboo fibers by a cutter; in step S1, the width of the bamboo filament is 0.4mm, and the thickness of the bamboo filament is 0.2 mm;
s2, adding an adhesive and a flexibilizer into the bamboo filaments obtained in the step S1 according to the proportion, then carrying out longitudinal and transverse cross weaving by adopting a conventional weaving technology, and bonding the bamboo filaments and the joints of the bamboo filaments by adopting the adhesive to obtain the novel packaging material; wherein, the bamboo filaments in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are closely arranged without space.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a novel packaging material which is made of bamboo instead of plastic, and is different from the embodiment 4 in that the packaging material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 95% of bamboo filaments, 0.5% of adhesive and 4.5% of flexibilizer.
The above-described novel packaging material was prepared according to example 4.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a novel packaging material which is made of bamboo instead of plastic, and is different from the embodiment 4 in that the packaging material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 85% of bamboo filaments, 10% of adhesive and 5% of flexibilizer.
The above-described novel packaging material was prepared according to example 4.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a novel packaging material which is made of bamboo instead of plastic, and the mass percentages of the components refer to example 4.
Referring to example 4, the manufacturing method of the novel packaging material is different from example 4 in that pure longitudinal weaving is performed by using a conventional weaving technology in step S2, and the distance between the longitudinal bamboo filaments is 3 cm.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a novel packaging material which is made of bamboo instead of plastic, and the mass percentages of the components refer to example 4.
Referring to example 4, the manufacturing method of the novel packaging material is different from example 4 in that, in step S2, a conventional weaving technology is adopted to perform vertical and horizontal cross weaving, no space exists between vertical bamboo filaments and bamboo filaments, and the space between horizontal bamboo filaments and bamboo filaments is 11 cm.
Fig. 1 is a digital photograph of a bamboo filament prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the bamboo filament obtained according to the present invention is thin as cicada's wings and thin as hair, and has a width of 0.05-0.5 mm and a thickness of 0.05-0.3 mm.
The various performances of the bamboo filaments prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4, such as density, basic density, chord-direction dry shrinkage, chord-direction total dry shrinkage, along-grain tensile elastic modulus, along-grain tensile strength and the like, are detected, and the detection results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
According to the invention, 1-2 years old bamboo is processed into fine bamboo filaments through a specific process, and the density, the basic density, the chordwise dry shrinkage rate, the chordwise total dry shrinkage rate, the longitudinal tensile elastic modulus, the longitudinal tensile strength and other mechanical properties of the bamboo filaments are improved, so that the use requirements are met.
The bamboo filament packaging materials prepared in examples 1 to 4 were used as experimental groups, the conventional polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride plastic bags were used as controls, and the tensile strengths of the packaging materials and the polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride plastic bags were respectively tested, and the specific test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Forward tensile strength, GPa | |
| Example 1 | 61 |
| Example 2 | 78 |
| Example 3 | 82 |
| Example 4 | 126 |
| Comparative example 1 | 50 |
| Comparative example 2 | 58 |
| Comparative example 3 | 48 |
| Comparative example 4 | 60 |
| Polyethylene | 55 |
| Polyvinyl chloride | 42 |
The table shows that the bamboo filament packaging material prepared by processing 1-2 years old bamboo into fine bamboo filaments through a specific process and adding high molecular auxiliary materials such as an adhesive, a flexibilizer and the like according to a specific proportion not only can keep the mechanical strength of the bamboo filaments, but also has a synergistic effect and obviously enhances the flexibility of the bamboo filaments, and the forward tensile strength of the prepared bamboo filament packaging material is far greater than that of traditional plastic packaging materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene and the like.
The bamboo material with rich resources is used as the main raw material, so that the tensile property and the degradability of the packaging material are improved; high molecular auxiliary materials such as adhesives, flexibilizers and the like are added according to a specific proportion, so that the mechanical strength of the bamboo filaments can be kept, and meanwhile, the flexibility of the bamboo filaments is remarkably enhanced; the novel packaging material disclosed by the invention is flexible and foldable, can meet the use requirement in the aspect of mechanical property, can replace the traditional plastic packaging material, can be recycled, is environment-friendly and degradable, and can reduce the production cost to a certain extent.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A packaging material using bamboo as a substitute for plastic is characterized by being prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 85-98% of bamboo filament, 1-9% of adhesive and 0.1-8% of flexibilizer; the width of the bamboo filament is 0.05-0.5 mm, the thickness of the bamboo filament is 0.05-0.3 mm, the adhesive is any one of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene, and the flexibilizer is any one of paraffin, glycerol or polyethylene wax;
the preparation method of the packaging material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing bamboo filaments: selecting 1-2 years old dried bamboo, and obtaining bamboo filaments with process requirements through bamboo breaking, thin bamboo strip splitting and wire drawing production flow of a cutter along the direction of bamboo fibers;
s2, adding an adhesive and a flexible agent into the bamboo filaments produced in the step S1, and then weaving and forming to obtain the packaging material, wherein the weaving mode is longitudinal or longitudinal and transverse cross weaving, and the joints between the bamboo filaments and between the bamboo filaments are bonded by the adhesive.
2. The packaging material as claimed in claim 1, characterized by being prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 90-96% of bamboo filament, 2-6% of adhesive and 0.5-5% of flexibilizer; the width of the bamboo filament is 0.1-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the bamboo filament is 0.1-0.3 mm.
3. The packaging material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by being prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 93-95% of bamboo filaments, 3-5% of adhesive and 0.5-2% of flexibilizer.
4. The packaging material of claim 1 wherein said bamboo filaments are substantially free of space between said pure longitudinal knit pattern.
5. The packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the longitudinal and transverse cross weaving pattern has no spacing between the longitudinal bamboo filaments, and the transverse bamboo filaments have no spacing, 1-5 cm spacing or 6-10 cm spacing.
6. Use of the packaging material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in packaging bags, lunch boxes, cutlery, cups.
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| CN109880393B true CN109880393B (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1544736A (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2004-11-10 | Bamboo cloth and its manufacturing process | |
| CN107698885A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽省太湖泽泓塑业有限公司 | A kind of antifog Fresh-keeping Packaging for Fruits and Vegetables bag and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1544736A (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2004-11-10 | Bamboo cloth and its manufacturing process | |
| CN107698885A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽省太湖泽泓塑业有限公司 | A kind of antifog Fresh-keeping Packaging for Fruits and Vegetables bag and preparation method thereof |
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