CN109879578B - Residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid and application thereof - Google Patents
Residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109879578B CN109879578B CN201910194922.3A CN201910194922A CN109879578B CN 109879578 B CN109879578 B CN 109879578B CN 201910194922 A CN201910194922 A CN 201910194922A CN 109879578 B CN109879578 B CN 109879578B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The invention discloses a filter aid for residual activated sludge dehydration and application thereof, wherein the filter aid is selected from at least one of grafted puffed bagasse and bagasse. The filter aid can greatly improve the filter pressing effect and efficiency, the water content of the dewatered mud cake and the CODcr of the filtered juice are reduced, the whole filter pressing process is smooth, the equipment is simple, the investment is low, the filter aid is safe and simple to operate, and the filter aid has good economic benefit and wide social benefit. The filter cake obtained by the dehydration method can be used for preparing a water body purification material, the problem of residual activated sludge in the sewage treatment process is converted into a method for solving the sewage treatment, waste is changed into valuable, closed cycle is formed, and resource utilization of the residual activated sludge is realized. The filter cake obtained by the dehydration method can also be used for preparing the biological organic fertilizer, thereby realizing the resource utilization of the residual activated sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of excess activated sludge treatment, in particular to an excess activated sludge dewatering filter aid and application thereof.
Background
The activated sludge process is a widely used sewage treatment technique that removes soluble and colloidal biochemical organic substances and suspended solids adsorbed by activated sludge from sewage, but generates a large amount of excess activated sludge during the treatment process. The residual activated sludge is an extremely complex heterogeneous body consisting of organic matter fragments, bacterial cells, inorganic particles, colloids and the like, and the main component of the residual activated sludge is biosolids, namely a mixture consisting of heterogeneous groups of bacteria, fungi, protozoa and the like. In addition, the excess sludge contains most of the organic matter, which is about 60% to 70% crude protein and about 25% carbohydrate. The residual activated sludge has large capacity, is easy to decay and has foul smell, if the treatment is not good, the secondary pollution in a large range can be caused, and how to scientifically and properly treat the residual activated sludge becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the sewage treatment process.
The method for treating the residual activated sludge mainly comprises concentration, digestion, dehydration, drying and the like. Among them, sludge dewatering is a treatment method for converting wet sludge into semi-solid or solid sludge blocks by drainage or filtration, and the dewatered sludge is generally easier to store and transport than concentrated or liquid sludge. At present, the dehydration mode is mainly mechanical dehydration, but due to the characteristics of high organic matter content, small particle size, high hydrophilic performance, poor dehydration performance and the like of the residual activated sludge, the problems of difficult filter pressing, low filtering speed, high water content of dehydrated mud cakes, secondary airing in a large amount of fields, easy secondary pollution and the like during filter pressing are caused, and the transportation, storage and subsequent treatment of the sludge are seriously influenced.
The key for solving the problem is to improve the sludge dewatering performance, improve the sludge dewatering efficiency, reduce the water content of a mud cake and reduce the volume of sludge. The prior disclosed technical scheme mainly adopts the idea of conditioning the sludge by using a conditioner, mainly aims at firmly adsorbing water and internal water combined with sludge particles and aims at converting the combined water into free water as much as possible. The adopted conditioners are polymeric flocculant polyacrylamide, calcium oxide, coal powder and the like. However, the conditioner has the problems of increasing absolute dry sludge amount, high cost, easy blockage of sludge particles and the like.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid and application thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a filter aid for dewatering residual activated sludge is chosen from at least one of graft puffed bagasse and cane bran.
Further, the mass ratio of the grafted and puffed bagasse to the bagasse in the filter aid is (15-30): 1.
further, the preparation method of the grafted and puffed bagasse comprises the following steps:
1) drying the bagasse, and controlling the moisture of the bagasse to be less than or equal to 55%;
2) the dried bagasse is subjected to grafting and puffing treatment, and the method comprises the following steps:
a) the bagasse, NaOH, cationic polyacrylamide and a crosslinking agent are mixed according to the mass ratio (10000-20000): (5-20): (10-100): (1-10) uniformly mixing, and performing an airflow puffing process at a puffing temperature of 150-220 ℃, under a pressure of 0.5-2.5 MPa for 2-15 min to obtain bagasse A;
b) the bagasse, NaOH, anionic polyacrylamide and a crosslinking agent are mixed according to the mass ratio (10000-20000): (5-20): (10-100): (1-10) uniformly mixing, and performing an airflow puffing process at a puffing temperature of 150-220 ℃, under a pressure of 0.5-2.5 MPa for 2-15 min to obtain bagasse B;
c) the bagasse A and the bagasse B are mixed according to the proportion (1-3): (1-3) mixing to obtain grafted and puffed bagasse;
the NaOH is solid NaOH, and the cross-linking agent is short-chain fatty acid ester.
The filter-pressing dehydration method of the residual activated sludge uses the filter aid for the residual activated sludge dehydration.
Further, the residual activated sludge pressure filtration dehydration method comprises the following process steps:
1) concentrating the residual activated sludge in a concentration tank;
2) adding the residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid after sludge digestion, and uniformly stirring;
3) and conveying the sludge added with the filter aid into a filter press for filter pressing dehydration.
Further, the water content of the sludge subjected to concentration treatment in the step 1) is less than or equal to 95 percent.
Further, the mass ratio of the sludge to the filter aid in the step 2) is (5-15): 1.
A water body purification material is prepared from a filter cake obtained by filter pressing and dehydrating the residual activated sludge through the residual activated sludge press dehydration method.
Further, the water body purification material is obtained by carbonizing a filter cake.
A biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the raw materials of a filter cake obtained by filter pressing and dehydrating the residual activated sludge through the residual activated sludge press dehydration method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
aiming at the characteristics of high viscosity, difficult filtration, positive and negative colloid content and the like of the residual activated sludge, the method performs graft expansion on bagasse which is a byproduct of a sugar refinery, the graft treatment enables the bagasse to have the excellent flocculation characteristic of polyacrylamide, and the expansion treatment enables the bagasse to rapidly expand, thereby increasing the specific surface area of fiber and enhancing the adsorption capacity of the fiber; the grafted and puffed bagasse combines the characteristics of polyacrylamide and puffed bagasse, is added into residual activated sludge to serve as a filter aid, can greatly improve the flocculation effect and the dehydration performance of sludge, forms a filter cake in the filter pressing process, greatly improves the filter pressing effect and efficiency, reduces the moisture of the dewatered sludge cake and the CODcr of the filtered juice, ensures that the whole filter pressing process is smooth, has simple equipment, less investment, is safe, is simple to operate, and has good economic benefit and wide social benefit.
The filter cake obtained by the dehydration method can be used for preparing a water body purification material, the water content of the filter cake is low, the energy consumption of hydrothermal carbonization treatment can be reduced, the filter cake mainly comprises bagasse and sludge, the biomass is rich, and the bagasse is subjected to swelling treatment and can be subjected to a reinforced carbonization process in the hydrothermal carbonization process, so that the prepared carbon material is porous and contains a large amount of oxygen-containing groups, and is an ideal material for water body purification; the problem of residual activated sludge in the sewage treatment process is converted into a method for solving the sewage treatment, waste is changed into valuable, closed cycle is formed, and resource utilization of the residual activated sludge is realized.
The filter cake obtained by the dehydration method can also be used for preparing the biological organic fertilizer, thereby realizing the resource utilization of the residual activated sludge.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It will also be understood that the following examples are included merely for purposes of further illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, as the invention extends to insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention following in the light of the principles set forth herein. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, and the skilled person can make a selection within the suitable ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific data of the following examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the grafted and puffed bagasse comprises the following steps:
1) drying the bagasse, and controlling the moisture of the bagasse to be less than or equal to 55%;
2) and (3) grafting and puffing the dried bagasse:
a) the mass ratio of the bagasse to NaOH (solid), the cationic polyacrylamide and the cross-linking agent is 2000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse A;
b) the bagasse, NaOH (solid), anionic polyacrylamide and a cross-linking agent are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse B;
c) the bagasse A and the bagasse B are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 3, mixing to obtain grafted and puffed bagasse;
the cross-linking agent is short-chain fatty acid ester.
The residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid is prepared by mixing the grafted and expanded bagasse and bagasse in a mass ratio of 20: 1.
A filter-pressing dehydration method for residual activated sludge comprises the following process steps:
1) concentrating the residual activated sludge in a concentration tank, wherein the water content of the sludge subjected to concentration treatment is less than or equal to 95%;
2) pumping the digested sludge to a stirring tank with a stirring device, adding the residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid, uniformly mixing for 1h, wherein the mass ratio of the sludge to the filter aid is 10: 1;
3) and conveying the sludge added with the filter aid into a filter press for filter pressing dehydration.
The water content of the sludge after filter pressing dehydration is 45 percent, and the COD of the filter pressing waterCrIs 40.
Example 2
The preparation method of the grafted and puffed bagasse comprises the following steps:
1) drying the bagasse, and controlling the moisture of the bagasse to be less than or equal to 55%;
2) and (3) grafting and puffing the dried bagasse:
a) bagasse, NaOH (solid), cationic polyacrylamide and a cross-linking agent according to the weight ratio of 4000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse A;
b) bagasse, NaOH (solid), anionic polyacrylamide and a cross-linking agent according to the weight ratio of 4000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse B;
c) the bagasse A and the bagasse B are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 3, mixing to obtain grafted and puffed bagasse;
the cross-linking agent is short-chain fatty acid ester.
The residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid is prepared by mixing the obtained grafted and expanded bagasse and bagasse in a mass ratio of 20: 1.
A filter-pressing dehydration method for residual activated sludge comprises the following process steps:
1) concentrating the residual activated sludge in a concentration tank, wherein the water content of the sludge subjected to concentration treatment is less than or equal to 95%;
2) pumping the digested sludge to a stirring tank with a stirring device, adding the residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid, uniformly mixing for 1h, wherein the mass ratio of the sludge to the filter aid is 10: 1;
3) and conveying the sludge added with the filter aid into a filter press for filter pressing dehydration.
The water content of the sludge after filter pressing dehydration is 50 percent, and the COD of the filter pressing waterCrIs 60.
Example 3
The preparation method of the grafted and puffed bagasse comprises the following steps:
1) drying the bagasse, controlling the water content of the bagasse to be less than or equal to 55 percent,
2) and (3) grafting and puffing the dried bagasse:
a) bagasse, NaOH (solid), cationic polyacrylamide and a cross-linking agent according to a weight ratio of 2000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse A;
b) bagasse, NaOH (solid), anionic polyacrylamide and a cross-linking agent according to a weight ratio of 2000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse B;
c) the bagasse A and the bagasse B are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 3, mixing to obtain grafted and puffed bagasse;
the cross-linking agent is short-chain fatty acid ester.
The residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid is prepared by mixing the grafted and expanded bagasse and bagasse in a mass ratio of 20: 1.
A filter-pressing dehydration method for residual activated sludge comprises the following process steps:
1) concentrating the residual activated sludge in a concentration tank, wherein the water content of the sludge subjected to concentration treatment is less than or equal to 95%;
2) pumping the digested sludge to a stirring tank with a stirring device, adding the residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid, uniformly mixing for 1h, wherein the mass ratio of the sludge to the filter aid is 10: 1;
3) and conveying the sludge added with the filter aid into a filter press for filter pressing dehydration.
The water content of the sludge after filter pressing dehydration is 45 percent, and the COD of the filter pressing waterCrIs 45.
Example 4
The preparation method of the grafted and puffed bagasse comprises the following steps:
1) drying the bagasse, and controlling the moisture of the bagasse to be less than or equal to 55%;
2) and (3) grafting and puffing the dried bagasse:
a) bagasse, NaOH (solid), cationic polyacrylamide and a cross-linking agent according to a weight ratio of 2000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse A;
b) bagasse, NaOH (solid), anionic polyacrylamide and a cross-linking agent according to a weight ratio of 2000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse B;
c) the bagasse A and the bagasse B are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 3, mixing to obtain grafted and puffed bagasse;
the cross-linking agent is short-chain fatty acid ester.
The residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid is prepared by mixing the grafted and expanded bagasse and bagasse in a mass ratio of 20: 1.
A filter-pressing dehydration method for residual activated sludge comprises the following process steps:
4) concentrating the residual activated sludge in a concentration tank, wherein the water content of the sludge subjected to concentration treatment is less than or equal to 95%;
5) pumping the digested sludge to a stirring tank with a stirring device, adding the residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid, uniformly mixing for 1h, wherein the mass ratio of the sludge to the filter aid is 20: 1;
6) and conveying the sludge added with the filter aid into a filter press for filter pressing dehydration.
The water content of the sludge after filter pressing and dehydration is 55 percent, and the COD of the filter pressing waterCrIs 58.
Example 5
The preparation method of the grafted and puffed bagasse comprises the following steps:
1) drying the bagasse, and controlling the moisture of the bagasse to be less than or equal to 55%;
2) and (3) grafting and puffing the dried bagasse:
a) bagasse, NaOH (solid), cationic polyacrylamide and a cross-linking agent according to a weight ratio of 2000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse A;
b) bagasse, NaOH (solid), anionic polyacrylamide and a cross-linking agent according to a weight ratio of 2000: 4: 20:1, uniformly mixing the materials in proportion, and adopting an airflow puffing process, wherein the puffing temperature is 200 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the puffing time is 4min to obtain bagasse B;
c) the bagasse A and the bagasse B are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 2, mixing to obtain grafted and puffed bagasse;
the cross-linking agent is short-chain fatty acid ester.
The residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid is prepared by mixing the grafted and expanded bagasse and bagasse in a mass ratio of 20: 1.
A filter-pressing dehydration method for residual activated sludge comprises the following process steps:
1) concentrating the residual activated sludge in a concentration tank, wherein the water content of the sludge subjected to concentration treatment is less than or equal to 95%;
2) pumping the digested sludge to a stirring tank with a stirring device, adding the residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid, uniformly mixing for 1h, wherein the mass ratio of the sludge to the filter aid is 10: 1;
3) and conveying the sludge added with the filter aid into a filter press for filter pressing dehydration.
The water content of the sludge after filter pressing and dehydration is 43 percent, and the COD of the filter pressing waterCrIs 53.
Claims (8)
1. The filter aid for residual activated sludge dehydration is characterized in that: the residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid is grafted and puffed bagasse and bagasse;
the mass ratio of the grafted and expanded bagasse to the bagasse in the residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid is (15-30): 1;
the preparation method of the grafted and puffed bagasse comprises the following steps:
1) drying the bagasse, and controlling the moisture of the bagasse to be less than or equal to 55%;
2) the dried bagasse is subjected to grafting and puffing treatment, and the method comprises the following steps:
a) the bagasse, NaOH, cationic polyacrylamide and a crosslinking agent are mixed according to the mass ratio (10000-20000): (5-20): (10-100): (1-10) uniformly mixing, and performing an airflow puffing process at a puffing temperature of 150-220 ℃, under a pressure of 0.5-2.5 MPa for 2-15 min to obtain bagasse A;
b) the bagasse, NaOH, anionic polyacrylamide and a crosslinking agent are mixed according to the mass ratio (10000-20000): (5-20): (10-100): (1-10) uniformly mixing, and performing an airflow puffing process at a puffing temperature of 150-220 ℃, under a pressure of 0.5-2.5 MPa for 2-15 min to obtain bagasse B;
c) the bagasse A and the bagasse B are mixed according to the proportion (1-3): (1-3) mixing to obtain grafted and puffed bagasse;
the NaOH is solid NaOH, and the cross-linking agent is short-chain fatty acid ester.
2. A filter-pressing dehydration method for residual activated sludge is characterized in that: the filter aid for dewatering excess activated sludge according to claim 1.
3. The filter-press dewatering method for residual activated sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following process steps:
1) concentrating the residual activated sludge in a concentration tank;
2) adding the residual activated sludge dewatering filter aid of claim 1 after sludge digestion, and uniformly stirring;
3) and conveying the sludge added with the filter aid into a filter press for filter pressing dehydration.
4. The filter-press dewatering method for residual activated sludge according to claim 3, characterized in that: the water content of the sludge subjected to concentration treatment in the step 1) is less than or equal to 95 percent.
5. The filter-press dewatering method for residual activated sludge according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the sludge to the filter aid in the step 2) is (5-15) to 1.
6. A water body purification material is characterized in that: the preparation raw material is a filter cake obtained by filter-pressing and dehydrating the residual activated sludge by the filter-pressing and dehydrating method of any one of claims 2 to 5.
7. The water purifying material of claim 6, wherein: the filter cake is carbonized to obtain the product.
8. A bio-organic fertilizer is characterized in that: the preparation raw material is a filter cake obtained by filter-pressing and dehydrating the residual activated sludge by the filter-pressing and dehydrating method of any one of claims 2 to 5.
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| CN102838198A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-26 | 江苏艾特克化学工业有限公司 | Preparation method of novel flocculant for sewage treatment |
| CN105060444A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 宁波保税区维迪克环保科技有限公司 | Papermaking wastewater treatment agent and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106883349A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-23 | 广西科学院 | A kind of application of the preparation method and flocculant of flocculant |
| CN108840417A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-20 | 佛山市陵谐环保科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of food and drink waste water flocculant |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102838198A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-26 | 江苏艾特克化学工业有限公司 | Preparation method of novel flocculant for sewage treatment |
| CN105060444A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 宁波保税区维迪克环保科技有限公司 | Papermaking wastewater treatment agent and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106883349A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-23 | 广西科学院 | A kind of application of the preparation method and flocculant of flocculant |
| CN108840417A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-20 | 佛山市陵谐环保科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of food and drink waste water flocculant |
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