CN111320355A - Preparation method of efficient flocculant for sludge dewatering - Google Patents
Preparation method of efficient flocculant for sludge dewatering Download PDFInfo
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- CN111320355A CN111320355A CN201911147573.6A CN201911147573A CN111320355A CN 111320355 A CN111320355 A CN 111320355A CN 201911147573 A CN201911147573 A CN 201911147573A CN 111320355 A CN111320355 A CN 111320355A
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- bagasse
- flocculant
- sludge dewatering
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- sieving
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229960003563 Calcium Carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H Iron(III) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229940032950 ferric sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003917 Bambusa tulda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008529 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 wheat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering, which comprises the steps of firstly, mechanically crushing bagasse and ultrasonically crushing the bagasse to obtain filtrate containing micro-nano bagasse, then adding acrylamide for grafting, then concentrating and drying to obtain white powder (a high-molecular flocculant), mixing the white powder with alumina, ferric sulfate and calcium carbonate, grinding and sieving to obtain the high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering. The high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering mainly comprises a polymeric flocculant and an inorganic precipitator, has a very good sludge dewatering effect, utilizes bagasse with very low cost as a main raw material (accounting for more than 50% of the total amount of the flocculant), has remarkably reduced cost compared with the traditional flocculant, and has very good economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a preparation method of a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering.
Background
Sludge dewatering technology is mainly divided into two categories of natural drying dewatering and mechanical dewatering. The natural drying dehydration is to spread the sludge on a drying bed paved by graded sand stones and realize dehydration through modes of evaporation, permeation, clear liquid overflow and the like. The dehydration mode is suitable for sludge treatment of small sewage treatment plants in villages and small towns, the workload of maintenance and management is large, and the odor is generated in a large range. Mechanical dewatering is to dewater sludge by using mechanical equipment, so that the occupied area is small, the influence of odor is small compared with natural drying, and the operation and maintenance cost is high. The further dehydration of the sludge is called sludge drying, and the moisture content of the dried sludge is less than ten percent.
Because sludge particles have certain charges and poor dehydration performance, a chemical conditioning method is usually adopted, and a dehydration flocculant is added to ensure that the surface of the sludge colloid particles has a magic chemical reaction, so that the charges carried by the sludge colloid particles are neutralized, the sludge particles are promoted to be condensed into larger particle flocs, and simultaneously, water is separated from the sludge particles to strengthen the dehydration effect. The cost of the flocculant for sludge treatment is the main cost of a sewage treatment plant at present, so that a sludge dewatering flocculant which is low in cost, good in effect, safe and non-toxic is needed to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering comprises the following steps:
A. pretreatment of bagasse: washing bagasse raw materials with clear water, drying the bagasse in an oven at 30-50 ℃, repeatedly and mechanically crushing dried solid substances for 5-7 times, sieving with a 25-mesh sieve, and taking undersize;
B. further ultrasonic crushing the mechanically crushed bagasse: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 1500-: (6-10) further carrying out ultrasonic crushing for 8-15min under the condition of ultrasonic wave, and then sieving with a 800-mesh sieve to obtain a filtrate containing bagasse;
C. adding acrylamide and graphene oxide into the bagasse-containing filtrate, introducing nitrogen, dropwise adding ammonium persulfate under the action of mechanical stirring at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, and reacting for 40-60min after dropwise adding; then carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration, and drying at low temperature to obtain white powder;
D. and D, uniformly mixing the white powder obtained in the step C with alumina, ferric sulfate and calcium carbonate, grinding and sieving by using a 600-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products.
Preferably, in the step B, the filter residue obtained by sieving with a 800-mesh sieve is mixed with the undersize product in the step a and then is subjected to ultrasonic crushing again.
Preferably, in the step C, the mass fraction of the bagasse in the filtrate containing bagasse is 3-8%.
Preferably, in the step C, the mass ratio of the added amount of acrylamide and graphene oxide to bagasse is (0.5-1): 1 and (0.01-0.03): 1.
preferably, in the step C, the mass ratio of the added amount of ammonium persulfate to the bagasse is (0.05-0.1): 1.
preferably, in the step D, the mass ratio of the white powder to the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate is (60-75): (4-6): (6-10): (15-20).
Preferably, in the step D, the particle size of the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate is 250 meshes.
Further preferably, the high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering of the present invention is applied in such a manner that the amount of the flocculant added to sludge having a water content of 60 to 90 mass% is 0.5 to 1 mass%.
Sugarcane is one of the main raw materials for sugar production. About 50% of the fiber of the bagasse, which remains after sugar pressing, can be used for paper making. However, some of the pith (marrow cells) have no interweaving force and should be removed before pulping. The bagasse fibers are about 0.65-2.17 mm in length and 21-28 μm in width. Although the fiber form is inferior to wood and bamboo, the fiber form is better than rice and wheat straw fiber. The pulp can be mixed with part of wood pulp to make offset printing paper, cement bag paper, etc. The invention utilizes bagasse with very low cost as a main raw material (accounting for more than 50 percent of the total amount of the flocculating agent), and compared with the traditional flocculating agent, the cost is obviously reduced.
The invention has the advantages that: the preparation method of the high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering comprises the steps of firstly, mechanically crushing bagasse and ultrasonically crushing the bagasse to obtain filtrate containing micro-nano bagasse, then adding acrylamide for grafting, then concentrating and drying to obtain white powder (a high-molecular flocculant), mixing the white powder with alumina, ferric sulfate and calcium carbonate, grinding and sieving to obtain the high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering.
According to the invention, a trace amount of graphene oxide is added in the grafting process, on one hand, the graphene oxide can be used as a grafting template, and the contact area in the reaction process is increased, so that the grafting efficiency is improved; on the other hand, partial graphene oxide can be grafted into a high polymer system with good grafting, so that the dehydration effect of the subsequently obtained high polymer flocculant is remarkably improved.
The high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering mainly comprises a polymeric flocculant and an inorganic precipitator, has a very good sludge dewatering effect, utilizes bagasse with very low cost as a main raw material (accounting for more than 50% of the total amount of the flocculant), has remarkably reduced cost compared with the traditional flocculant, and has very good economic value.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering comprises the following steps:
A. pretreatment of bagasse: washing bagasse raw materials with clear water, drying the bagasse by using a 38 ℃ drying oven, repeatedly and mechanically crushing dried solid substances for 6 times, sieving the solid substances by using a 25-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products;
B. further ultrasonic crushing the mechanically crushed bagasse: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 1800W, and the material-liquid ratio is 1: 8, further carrying out ultrasonic crushing for 10min under the condition of 8, and then sieving by a 800-mesh sieve to obtain a filtrate containing bagasse;
C. adding acrylamide and graphene oxide into the bagasse-containing filtrate, introducing nitrogen, dropwise adding ammonium persulfate under the action of mechanical stirring at 65 ℃, and reacting for 45min after dropwise adding; then carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration, and drying at low temperature to obtain white powder; the mass ratio of the addition amount of the acrylamide and the graphene oxide to the bagasse is respectively 0.8: 1 and 0.025: 1; the mass ratio of the addition amount of the ammonium persulfate to the bagasse is 0.07: 1;
D. c, uniformly mixing the white powder in the step C with alumina, ferric sulfate and calcium carbonate, grinding and sieving with a 600-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products; the mass ratio of the white powder to the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate is 72: 5: 8: 20.
and in the step B, mixing filter residues obtained by sieving with a 800-mesh sieve with the undersize material obtained in the step A, and then carrying out ultrasonic crushing again.
In the step C, the mass fraction of the bagasse in the filtrate containing bagasse is 5.5%.
In the step D, the particle sizes of the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate are 250 meshes.
Example 2
A preparation method of a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering comprises the following steps:
A. pretreatment of bagasse: washing bagasse raw materials with clear water, drying the bagasse by using a 50 ℃ drying oven, repeatedly and mechanically crushing dried solid substances for 5 times, sieving the solid substances by using a 25-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products;
B. further ultrasonic crushing the mechanically crushed bagasse: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 2000W, and the material-liquid ratio is 1: 6, further carrying out ultrasonic crushing for 8min under the condition of 6, and then sieving by a 800-mesh sieve to obtain a filtrate containing bagasse;
C. adding acrylamide and graphene oxide into the bagasse-containing filtrate, introducing nitrogen, dropwise adding ammonium persulfate under the action of mechanical stirring at 70 ℃, and reacting for 40min after dropwise adding; then carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration, and drying at low temperature to obtain white powder; the mass ratio of the addition amount of the acrylamide and the graphene oxide to the bagasse is respectively 1: 1 and 0.01: 1; the mass ratio of the addition amount of the ammonium persulfate to the bagasse is 0.1: 1;
D. c, uniformly mixing the white powder in the step C with alumina, ferric sulfate and calcium carbonate, grinding and sieving with a 600-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products; the mass ratio of the white powder to the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate is 60: 6: 6: 17.
and in the step B, mixing filter residues obtained by sieving with a 800-mesh sieve with the undersize material obtained in the step A, and then carrying out ultrasonic crushing again.
In the step C, the mass fraction of the bagasse in the filtrate containing bagasse is 3%.
In the step D, the particle sizes of the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate are 250 meshes.
Example 3
A preparation method of a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering comprises the following steps:
A. pretreatment of bagasse: washing bagasse raw materials with clear water, drying the bagasse by using a 30 ℃ drying oven, repeatedly and mechanically crushing dried solid substances for 7 times, sieving the solid substances by using a 25-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products;
B. further ultrasonic crushing the mechanically crushed bagasse: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 1500W, and the material-liquid ratio is 1: further carrying out ultrasonic crushing for 15min under the condition of 10, and then sieving by a 800-mesh sieve to obtain a filtrate containing bagasse;
C. adding acrylamide and graphene oxide into the bagasse-containing filtrate, introducing nitrogen, dropwise adding ammonium persulfate under the action of mechanical stirring at 60 ℃, and reacting for 60min after dropwise adding; then carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration, and drying at low temperature to obtain white powder; the mass ratio of the addition amount of the acrylamide and the graphene oxide to the bagasse is respectively 0.5: 1 and 0.03: 1; the mass ratio of the addition amount of the ammonium persulfate to the bagasse is 0.05: 1;
D. c, uniformly mixing the white powder in the step C with alumina, ferric sulfate and calcium carbonate, grinding and sieving with a 600-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products; the mass ratio of the white powder to the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate is 75: 4: 10: 15.
and in the step B, mixing filter residues obtained by sieving with a 800-mesh sieve with the undersize material obtained in the step A, and then carrying out ultrasonic crushing again.
In the step C, the mass fraction of the bagasse in the filtrate containing bagasse is 8%.
In the step D, the particle sizes of the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate are 250 meshes.
Comparative example 1
The graphene oxide in example 1 was removed, and the rest of the formulation and preparation method were unchanged.
Comparative example 2
The graphene oxide in example 1 was removed, and the reaction time in step C was extended from 45min to 120min, with the remaining formulation and preparation method unchanged.
The application effects of the high efficiency flocculants for sludge dewatering prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested as follows:
respectively adding 10kg of the flocculating agent of the embodiment 1-3 into 1 ton of sludge to be treated with the water content of 60%, 70% and 80%, uniformly stirring, standing for 15-45min, and testing the water content of the bottom layer sludge after standing for 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45min, wherein the specific data are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: testing results of water content of treated 60%, 70% and 80% of sludge;
as can be seen from the test data in Table 1, the high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering of the present invention can dewater sludge rapidly to a water content of about 20%.
The flocculating agents of the example 1 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 are added into 1 ton of sludge to be treated with the water content of 60 percent, the mixture is stirred uniformly and stood for 15 to 45min, and the water content of the bottom layer sludge after standing is tested after 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45min, and the specific data are shown in the table 2.
Table 2: comparing the test results of the water content of the treated 60% sludge;
according to the test data, the graphene oxide is added in the preparation process, so that the dehydration effect of the flocculant can be remarkably improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. pretreatment of bagasse: washing bagasse raw materials with clear water, drying the bagasse in an oven at 30-50 ℃, repeatedly and mechanically crushing dried solid substances for 5-7 times, sieving with a 25-mesh sieve, and taking undersize;
B. further ultrasonic crushing the mechanically crushed bagasse: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 1500-: (6-10) further carrying out ultrasonic crushing for 8-15min under the condition of ultrasonic wave, and then sieving with a 800-mesh sieve to obtain a filtrate containing bagasse;
C. adding acrylamide and graphene oxide into the bagasse-containing filtrate, introducing nitrogen, dropwise adding ammonium persulfate under the action of mechanical stirring at 60-70 ℃, and reacting for 90-120min after dropwise adding; then carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration, and drying at low temperature to obtain white powder;
D. and D, uniformly mixing the white powder obtained in the step C with alumina, ferric sulfate and calcium carbonate, grinding and sieving by using a 600-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products.
2. The method for preparing the high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step B, the filter residue obtained by sieving with the 800-mesh sieve is mixed with the undersize product in the step A and then is subjected to ultrasonic crushing again.
3. The method for preparing a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step C, the mass fraction of bagasse in the bagasse-containing filtrate is 3-8%.
4. The method for preparing the high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, the mass ratio of the added amount of the acrylamide and the added amount of the graphene oxide to the bagasse is (0.5-1): 1 and (0.01-0.03): 1.
5. the method for preparing the high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, the mass ratio of the added amount of the ammonium persulfate to the bagasse is (0.05-0.1): 1.
6. the method for preparing a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering according to claim 1, wherein in the step D, the mass ratio of the white powder to the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate is (60-75): (4-6): (6-10): (15-20).
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step D, the particle size of the alumina, the ferric sulfate and the calcium carbonate is 250 meshes.
8. The method for preparing a high-efficiency flocculant for sludge dewatering according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the high-efficiency flocculant prepared by the method is applied to sludge with the water content of 60 to 90 percent, and the addition amount of the high-efficiency flocculant is 0.5 to 1 percent.
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