CN109879251B - Hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on energy comprehensive utilization - Google Patents

Hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on energy comprehensive utilization Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109879251B
CN109879251B CN201910170154.8A CN201910170154A CN109879251B CN 109879251 B CN109879251 B CN 109879251B CN 201910170154 A CN201910170154 A CN 201910170154A CN 109879251 B CN109879251 B CN 109879251B
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chlorine
hydrogen chloride
energy
refrigerating unit
generator set
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CN109879251A (en
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文先太
曹先齐
王红艳
余鹏飞
张东亮
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Nanjing Institute of Technology
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Nanjing Institute of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency

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Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization, which comprises a cooling tower, a hydrogen chloride synthesis tower, an ORC generator set, an electric power regulating device, a refrigerating unit and a gas heat exchanger, wherein hydrogen and chlorine are synthesized in the hydrogen chloride synthesis tower to release a large amount of heat, and the heat is used for preparing steam; on the basis of obtaining steam, converting part of energy in the steam into electric energy by using an ORC generator set; the electric energy obtained by the generator set and the electric energy in the power grid are regulated in the electric power regulating device, and the refrigerating unit is driven; the condenser of the refrigerating unit releases heat for realizing vaporization of low-temperature liquid chlorine, and the evaporator of the refrigerating unit is used for absorbing heat to realize liquefaction of chlorine; the vaporized low-temperature chlorine gas and the high-temperature chlorine gas produced by the process are subjected to heat exchange in a gas-gas heat exchanger. The invention realizes the gradient comprehensive utilization of energy, fully utilizes the chemical reaction heat and the energy synthesis, greatly reduces the energy consumed during the synthesis of the hydrogen chloride, and has strong energy-saving effect.

Description

Hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on energy comprehensive utilization
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to a hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive utilization of energy.
Background
In the caustic soda production process, which is generally produced by electrolysis of brine, in addition to the main product sodium hydroxide, there are other byproducts such as hydrogen and chlorine, so that the generated chlorine and hydrogen are generally used to produce hydrogen chloride in the caustic soda industry, and then hydrochloric acid is formed as a byproduct.
However, the energy consumption of the byproduct hydrochloric acid generated in the caustic soda production process is huge, firstly, in the liquefaction process of chlorine containing impurities, a common refrigerating unit is adopted, and the heat released by a condenser of the refrigerating unit is cooled by a cooling tower, and the condensing temperature is generally high, the evaporating temperature is very low and the energy efficiency of the refrigerating unit is very low and is lower than-28 ℃, and the common COP is about 1. Meanwhile, the liquid chlorine needs to be changed into normal-temperature chlorine when entering the hydrogen chloride synthesizing tower, so that the vaporization of the liquid chlorine is realized by steam reheating; in addition, in the hydrogen chloride synthesis tower, a large amount of heat is generated in the synthesis of the chlorine and the hydrogen, and a large amount of cooling water is needed for controlling the reaction rate of the hydrogen chloride, so that the system needs to be provided with a large cooling tower, and the power consumption of a cooling water pump is very high. In this case, therefore, the energy utilization is very important for the comprehensive utilization of energy based on the energy cascade utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization, which aims to fully consider the energy consumption condition of the system during operation, combine ORC low-temperature power generation, perform waste heat recovery by a gas-gas heat exchanger, and simultaneously improve the energy efficiency of a refrigeration system as much as possible, thereby realizing comprehensive energy utilization of the hydrogen chloride synthesis process.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization comprises a cooling tower, a hydrogen chloride synthesis tower, an ORC generator set, an electric power regulating device, a refrigerating unit and an air heat exchanger, wherein the inside of the hydrogen chloride synthesis tower is sequentially provided with a synthesis section, a steam generation section and a cooling section from bottom to top; a generator set, a condenser and an evaporator are arranged in the ORC generator set; a condensate pump and a steam drum are arranged between an evaporator in the ORC generator set and a steam generation section in the hydrogen chloride synthesis tower, and the ORC generator set is connected with an electric power regulating device through the generator set; the refrigerating unit is internally provided with a refrigerating compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, and is connected with the electric power regulating device through the refrigerating compressor; a chlorine liquefying tank and a liquid chlorine vaporizing tank are arranged between the refrigerating unit and the gas heat exchanger, and an exhaust valve is arranged on the chlorine liquefying tank.
Further, the chlorine vaporization tank is connected with the condenser, and the chlorine liquefaction tank is connected with the evaporator.
Further, a liquid chlorine regulating valve is arranged between the chlorine liquefying tank and the liquid chlorine vaporizing tank.
Further, the method of the hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization comprises the following steps: the hydrogen and the chlorine are synthesized in a hydrogen chloride synthesizing tower to release a large amount of heat, and the heat is used for preparing steam; on the basis of obtaining steam, converting part of energy in the steam into electric energy by using an ORC generator set; the electric energy obtained by the generator set and the electric energy in the power grid are regulated in the electric power regulating device, and the refrigerating unit is driven; the condenser of the refrigerating unit releases heat for realizing vaporization of low-temperature liquid chlorine, and the evaporator of the refrigerating unit is used for absorbing heat to realize liquefaction of chlorine; the vaporized low-temperature chlorine and the high-temperature chlorine produced by the process are subjected to heat exchange in a gas-gas heat exchanger, so that the gradient comprehensive utilization of energy is realized.
Advantageous effects
1. The hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization provided by the invention can generate energy through the cascade comprehensive utilization of energy and the full utilization of chemical reaction; the energy-saving effect is excellent;
2. the hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization provided by the invention is characterized in that heat released by synthesis of chlorine and hydrogen is used for generating steam, meanwhile, the steam drives an ORC power generation system to realize heat conversion into electric energy, and the generated electric energy is used for driving a refrigerating system of the system through an electric power regulating device; the energy utilization rate is high;
3. according to the hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization, the condenser in the refrigeration system releases heat for liquid chlorine vaporization, the evaporator absorbs heat for chlorine liquefaction, the energy is comprehensively utilized, and the refrigeration system has very high energy efficiency;
4. The hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization utilizes the gas-gas heat exchanger to comprehensively utilize the heat of the chlorine, is beneficial to synthesis of hydrogen chloride in a synthesis tower, is beneficial to liquefaction of the chlorine containing impurities, and has obvious energy-saving effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-hydrogen chloride synthesizing tower, an 11-steam drum, a 2-ORC generator set, a 21-generator set, a 22-condensate pump, a 3-electric power adjusting device, a 4-refrigerating unit, a 41-refrigerating compressor, a 5-gas heat exchanger, a 6-condenser, a 7-evaporator, an 8-chlorine liquefying tank, an 81-exhaust valve, a 9-liquid chlorine vaporizing tank and a 10-liquid chlorine adjusting valve.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization comprises a cooling tower, a hydrogen chloride synthesis tower 1, an ORC generator set 2, an electric power regulating device 3, a refrigerating unit 4 and a gas-gas heat exchanger 5, wherein the inside of the hydrogen chloride synthesis tower 1 is sequentially provided with a synthesis section, a steam generation section and a cooling section from bottom to top; a generator set 21, a condenser 6 and an evaporator 7 are arranged in the ORC generator set 2; a condensate pump 22 and a steam drum 11 are arranged between the evaporator 7 in the ORC generator set 2 and the steam generation section in the hydrogen chloride synthesis tower 1, and the ORC generator set 2 is connected with the electric power regulating device 3 through a generator set 21; a refrigerating compressor 41, a condenser 6 and an evaporator 7 are arranged in the refrigerating unit 4, and the refrigerating unit 4 is connected with the electric power regulating device 3 through the refrigerating compressor 41; a chlorine liquefying tank 8 and a liquid chlorine vaporizing tank 9 are arranged between the refrigerating unit 4 and the gas-gas heat exchanger 6, an exhaust valve 81 is arranged on the chlorine liquefying tank 8, the chlorine vaporizing tank 9 is connected with the condenser 6, and the chlorine liquefying tank 8 is connected with the evaporator 7. A liquid chlorine regulating valve 10 is arranged between the chlorine liquefying tank 8 and the liquid chlorine vaporizing tank 9.
The basic principle in the implementation is as follows: the normal-temperature chlorine (30 ℃) and hydrogen coming out of the gas-gas heat exchanger 5 enter the hydrogen chloride synthesizing tower 1, firstly the chlorine and the hydrogen are ignited in the synthesizing section of the hydrogen chloride synthesizing tower 1, enter the steam generating section after synthesis, release a large amount of heat in the steam generating section, then enter the cooling tower to reduce the synthesized hydrogen chloride to a proper temperature and discharge the synthesized hydrogen chloride from the hydrogen chloride synthesizing tower 1. In the synthesis section of the hydrogen chloride synthesis tower 1, cooling water in a cooling tower enters the synthesis section, the temperature of the synthesis section is controlled to be a proper temperature, and then the cooling water is discharged and flows back to the cooling tower; cooling water in the cooling tower enters a cooling section, the temperature of outlet hydrogen chloride is controlled to be a proper temperature, and then the outlet hydrogen chloride is discharged and flows back to the cooling tower; for the steam generation section in the hydrogen chloride synthesizing column 1, saturated liquid water flows into the wall surface of the evaporation section through the lower part of the drum 11, and the liquid water is thermally changed into gaseous steam and then flows back into the drum 11, thereby generating steam. The water vapor flows into the evaporator 7 of the ORC generator set 2 under the driving of pressure, releases heat and is condensed into liquid water, and the liquid water flows back to the steam drum 11 under the action of the condensate pump 22; cooling water of the cooling tower enters a condenser 6 of the ORC generator set 2, and flows back to the condenser 6 after absorbing heat, and in the process, the ORC generator set 2 obtains electric energy; the ORC generator set 2 and electric energy from the power grid enter the refrigerating unit 4 through the electric power regulating device 3 to drive the refrigerating unit 4 to operate; the evaporator 7 of the refrigerating unit 4 generates low-temperature refrigerating solution to liquefy chlorine (-25 ℃), wherein non-condensable gas and impurities in the chlorine are discharged after being treated by the exhaust valve 81; the condenser 6 of the refrigerating unit 4 generates heat to vaporize liquid chlorine (-25 ℃) into chlorine; the chlorine liquefying tank 8 and the liquid chlorine vaporizing tank 9 are regulated by a liquid chlorine regulating valve 10 to realize liquid chlorine transfer; after the vaporized chlorine (-25 ℃) exchanges heat with chlorine (60 ℃) generated by caustic soda synthesis in a gas-gas heat exchanger 5, pure chlorine (30 ℃) and hydrogen enter a hydrogen chloride synthesis tower 1 to complete circulation; and the chlorine containing impurities enters the gas-gas heat exchanger 5 and then is cooled and enters the chlorine liquefying tank 8 to complete the system circulation.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that although specific embodiments have been described herein for purposes of illustration, various modifications may be made without deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is not intended that the invention be limited, except as by the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on energy comprehensive utilization, includes cooling tower, hydrogen chloride synthetic tower (1), ORC generating set (2), electric power adjusting device (3), refrigerating unit (4) and gas heat exchanger (5), its characterized in that: the inside of the hydrogen chloride synthesis tower (1) is sequentially provided with a synthesis section, a steam generation section and a cooling section from bottom to top; a generator set (21), a condenser (6) and an evaporator (7) are arranged in the ORC generator set (2); a condensate pump (22) and a steam drum (11) are arranged between an evaporator (7) in the ORC generator set (2) and a steam generation section in the hydrogen chloride synthesis tower (1), and the ORC generator set (2) is connected with the electric power regulating device (3) through a generator set (21); a refrigerating compressor (41), a condenser (6) and an evaporator (7) are arranged in the refrigerating unit (4), and the refrigerating unit (4) is connected with the electric power regulating device (3) through the refrigerating compressor (41); a chlorine liquefying tank (8) and a liquid chlorine vaporizing tank (9) are arranged between the refrigerating unit (4) and the gas heat exchanger (6), and an exhaust valve (81) is arranged on the chlorine liquefying tank (8);
the chlorine vaporization tank (9) is connected with the condenser (6), and the chlorine liquefaction tank (8) is connected with the evaporator (7);
a liquid chlorine regulating valve (10) is arranged between the chlorine liquefying tank (8) and the liquid chlorine vaporizing tank (9).
2. A method of a hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on comprehensive energy utilization is characterized by comprising the following steps: the hydrogen and the chlorine are synthesized in a hydrogen chloride synthesizing tower (1) to release a large amount of heat, and the heat is used for preparing steam; on the basis of obtaining steam, converting part of energy in the steam into electric energy by using an ORC generator set (2); the electric energy obtained by the generator set (21) and the electric energy in the power grid are regulated in the electric power regulating device (3), and the refrigerating unit (4) is driven; the condenser (6) of the refrigerating unit (4) releases heat for realizing vaporization of low-temperature liquid chlorine, and the evaporator (7) of the refrigerating unit (4) is used for absorbing heat to realize liquefaction of chlorine; the vaporized low-temperature chlorine and the high-temperature chlorine produced by the process are subjected to heat exchange in a gas-gas heat exchanger (5), so that the cascade comprehensive utilization of energy sources is realized.
CN201910170154.8A 2019-03-07 2019-03-07 Hydrogen chloride synthesis system based on energy comprehensive utilization Active CN109879251B (en)

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CN107488467A (en) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-19 安徽国金环保再生资源开发有限公司 A kind of house refuse Di bioxin gasification power generation system and method
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CN108050718A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-05-18 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 A kind of freezing engineering recycling waste heat recovery system and method
CN109166637A (en) * 2018-07-25 2019-01-08 华北电力大学 A kind of pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant nuclear safety system and method based on ORC
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