CN109877291B - Seven-series aluminum alloy small piece and die casting die thereof - Google Patents
Seven-series aluminum alloy small piece and die casting die thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109877291B CN109877291B CN201910084063.2A CN201910084063A CN109877291B CN 109877291 B CN109877291 B CN 109877291B CN 201910084063 A CN201910084063 A CN 201910084063A CN 109877291 B CN109877291 B CN 109877291B
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- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000510097 Megalonaias nervosa Species 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018571 Al—Zn—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018569 Al—Zn—Mg—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seven-system aluminum alloy small piece and a die casting die thereof, wherein a shunt channel cavity is communicated between a main channel cavity and a main cavity; the rear die is provided with an extrusion package cavity, the main cavity is communicated between the extrusion package cavity and the shunt channel cavity, and the extrusion package cavity is subjected to delayed extrusion in the die casting process by combining the pressure of an energy accumulator of the horizontal cold chamber die casting machine through a cylinder arranged on the die casting die; because the extrusion package cavity is adopted, and a time-delay extrusion mode is combined, no filler is needed during pressure maintaining, and the filler which is not completely solidified in the main cavity is extruded in volume through the extrusion package of the die, so that the core structure and the structure of the aluminum alloy small piece are more compact, the aluminum alloy small piece which is die-cast is prevented from loosening the structure at the core part position with thicker wall thickness, and the defects of local cracks, air hole expansion, hollowness, shrinkage and the like are avoided after the post heat treatment; the aluminum alloy small pieces after heat treatment do have much higher material strength than using conventional die casting raw materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of seven-series aluminum alloy small pressing pieces and processing equipment thereof, in particular to a seven-series aluminum alloy small pressing piece and a die casting die thereof.
Background
Currently, aluminum alloy structural members existing in a 3D form in smart phones and accessories thereof are mostly manufactured by methods such as aluminum alloy stamping, aluminum forging, aluminum die casting and full CNC processing.
The aluminum alloy stamping process is mainly used for most products with the same thickness, and products with different thicknesses are difficult to manufacture; and are typically used for thin piece fabrication and are not suitable for structures with higher strength requirements.
The aluminum forging and pressing process has longer working procedures, needs multiple forging and pressing dies, and needs heat treatment to eliminate the influence of residual stress after each forging and pressing process is completed, so that the aluminum forging and pressing process has longer production period and higher cost, and is difficult to realize some complex structures.
The scheme of full CNC processing, the raw materials consume greatly, the processing cycle is long, the demand on equipment is big, and manufacturing cost is very high.
However, the composition of the die casting raw material determines the strength of the material, and it is difficult to satisfy the structure with higher strength requirement.
Taking the aluminum alloy widget illustrated in fig. 1 and 2 as an example, fig. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of an embodiment of a certain aluminum alloy widget in the prior art, and fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of fig. 1 in the prior art; the aluminum alloy small piece belongs to a mobile phone structural member and has higher strength requirement.
As can be seen from the figure, the middle part of the aluminum alloy small piece is in an arch structure, the wall thickness changes greatly along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, the wall thickness of the wing parts d and e on two sides is relatively thin, the wall thickness of the core part along the longitudinal direction a and b is relatively thick, and the wall thickness at the position c is relatively thin; therefore, the product has complex shape and structure, has the problem of uneven wall thickness at a plurality of positions, and has higher strength requirement.
Obviously, the traditional die casting die is easy to have loose structure at the core part of the product, especially at the position with thicker wall thickness, and has the defects of air hole expansion, local cracks, hollows, shrinkage and the like after heat treatment, so that the overall strength of the product is obviously reduced.
Accordingly, there is a need for improvement and development in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the die casting die for the seven-series aluminum alloy small piece, the strength of the manufactured aluminum alloy small piece is higher than that of a material using the traditional die casting raw material, and the structure looseness at the core part position with thicker wall thickness can be avoided, so that the die casting die is beneficial to later heat treatment.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a seven-series aluminum alloy small piece, which has compact core structure and higher overall strength, and can not generate defects of local cracks, air hole expansion, hollowness, shrinkage and the like after heat treatment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the die-casting die for the seven-system aluminum alloy small piece comprises a front die and a rear die, wherein the front die and the rear die are used for forming a plurality of seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces with uneven wall thickness, the rear die is provided with a plurality of main cavities for forming the seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces, the rear die is provided with a diversion channel cavity and a main channel cavity which are communicated with the main cavity, the main channel cavity is communicated with a stub bar cavity arranged on the front die, and the diversion channel cavity is communicated between the main channel cavity and the main cavity; wherein: the rear die is provided with an extrusion package cavity, the main cavity is communicated between the extrusion package cavity and the shunt channel cavity, and the extrusion package cavity is subjected to time delay extrusion in the die casting process by combining the pressure of an energy accumulator of a horizontal cold chamber die casting machine through a cylinder arranged on a die casting die.
The die casting die of the seven-series aluminum alloy small piece comprises: and the starting time of extrusion of the extrusion package cavity is delayed by 0.05-0.15 s compared with the pressure maintaining starting time when the injection punch of the horizontal cold chamber die casting machine stops moving.
The die casting die of the seven-series aluminum alloy small piece comprises: the volume of the single extrusion package cavity is larger than that of the single main cavity, and the volume of the single extrusion package cavity is smaller than that of all the main cavities communicated with the single extrusion package cavity.
The die casting die of the seven-series aluminum alloy small piece comprises: the die casting die is further provided with a wave-shaped exhaust groove for connecting the vacuumizing equipment, and the extrusion bag cavity is communicated between the main cavity and the wave-shaped exhaust groove.
The die casting die of the seven-series aluminum alloy small piece comprises: the number of the exhaust runners communicated with the wave-shaped exhaust grooves of the single extrusion package cavity is larger than that of the main cavities communicated with the extrusion package cavity.
A seven-system aluminum alloy widget having a structure with at least two portions differing in wall thickness, wherein: using seven-series aluminum alloy as a raw material, and performing die casting molding by using the die casting die of the seven-series aluminum alloy small piece.
The seven-series aluminum alloy small piece comprises: the seven-series aluminum alloy raw materials comprise non-AL components in percentage by weight: 4.90 to 5.10 percent of Zn, 1.75 to 1.85 percent of Mg, 0.050 to 0.085 percent of Fe, 0.025 to 0.055 percent of Cu, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of Zr, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Ga and less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Sn.
The seven-series aluminum alloy small piece comprises: wherein the total amount of Mn and Cr is less than or equal to 0.03%; the single content of other elements is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the total content of other elements is less than or equal to 0.10 percent.
The seven-series aluminum alloy small piece comprises: after die casting, it is subjected to T4 and T6 heat treatments, wherein the temperature of the single-phase region is controlled between 535 ℃ plus or minus 10 ℃ in the solid solution treatment stage in the T4 heat treatment, and the time is kept for 2 hours.
The seven-series aluminum alloy small piece comprises: the T6 heat treatment consists of two sections of artificial aging, wherein the first section of artificial aging is kept for 5 hours at the aging temperature of 100+/-5 ℃, and the second section of artificial aging is kept for 15 hours at the aging temperature of 150+/-5 ℃.
According to the seven-system aluminum alloy small piece and the die casting die thereof, the extrusion package cavity is adopted, the time-delay extrusion mode is combined, the packing is not needed during pressure maintaining, and the packing which is not completely solidified in the main cavity is extruded in volume through the extrusion package of the die, so that the core structure and the structure of the die casting aluminum alloy small piece are more compact, the aluminum alloy small piece die-cast is prevented from loosening in structure at the core position with thicker wall thickness, and the defects of local cracks, air hole expansion, hollowness, shrinkage and the like are avoided after the later heat treatment; the aluminum alloy small pieces after heat treatment are actually much stronger than those using conventional die casting materials.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way; the shapes and proportional sizes of the components in the drawings are only illustrative, and are not intended to limit the shapes and proportional sizes of the components of the present invention in particular, so as to assist in understanding the present invention; those skilled in the art with access to the teachings of the present invention can select a variety of possible shapes and scale sizes to practice the present invention as the case may be.
FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of an embodiment of a prior art aluminum alloy widget;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the prior art FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a seven-piece aluminum alloy die casting die of the present invention in a closed state;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the invention from the inside of the front mold in the open mold state of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the invention from the inside of the rear mold in the open mold state of FIG. 3;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of the rear mold of fig. 5 in a flat state according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the invention at section A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of a four die cast blank of a seventh aluminum alloy widget embodiment of the present invention;
each reference numeral in fig. 3 to 8: the front mold 100, the stub bar cavity 110, the rear mold 200, the main runner cavity 220, the split runner cavity 230, the product main cavity 240, the extrusion pack cavity 250, the vent runner cavity 260, the washboard type vent slot 270, the process table cavity 280, the positioning column 281, the slag ladle pit 290, the cylinder 300, the stub bar 410, the main runner 420, the split runner 430, the product blank 440, the extrusion pack 450, the vent runner 460, the washboard type vent block 470, the process table 480, the punching positioning hole 481, and the slag ladle 490.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description and examples of the invention are presented in conjunction with the drawings, and the described examples are intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the invention to the specific embodiments.
The seven-series aluminum alloy raw material used in the seven-series aluminum alloy small die casting die disclosed by the invention is a seven-series aluminum alloy raw material with the model of 7K03, and comprises the following non-AL components in percentage by weight: 4.90 to 5.10 percent of Zn, 1.75 to 1.85 percent of Mg, 0.050 to 0.085 percent of Fe, 0.025 to 0.055 percent of Cu, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of Zr, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Ga, and less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Sn; the method can meet the flowability requirement of die casting and can effectively improve the material strength of the die casting.
Zinc is added to aluminum alone, and the strength of the aluminum alloy is improved very limited under deformation conditions, and the aluminum alloy tends to be cracked by stress corrosion. Zinc element and magnesium element are added into aluminum at the same time to form a strengthening phase Mg/Zn2, so that obvious strengthening effect is generated on the aluminum alloy; when the content of Mg/Zn2 is increased from 0.5% to 12%, the tensile strength and the yield strength can be obviously increased; the content of magnesium element exceeds that of the super-hard aluminum alloy required for forming Mg/Zn2 phase, and when the ratio of zinc element to magnesium element is controlled to be about 2.7, the stress corrosion cracking resistance is maximum. If copper element is added on the basis of Al-Zn-Mg, the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is formed, and the strengthening effect is the largest among all aluminum alloys.
Preferably, the total amount of elements Mn and Cr is less than or equal to 0.03%; the single content of other elements is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the total content of other elements is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, so as to ensure the heat treatment performance of the die casting in the later stage.
For example, a seven-system aluminum ingot of type 7K03 manufactured by taiwan scion high tech, inc. Of china, taking the example of a T17060702 batch of seven-system aluminum ingots manufactured by 2017/06/07, the batch of seven-system aluminum ingots comprises the following non-AL components in percentage by weight as actually measured by a Spark OES spectrometer: zn4.99%, mg1.84%, fe0.065%, cu0.038%, zr0.031%, si0.033%, mn0.003%, cr0.001%, ti0.021%, V0.005%, ga0.015%, sn0.001%, total mn+cr 0.004%, individual content of other elements is 0.015%, and total content of other elements is 0.021%.
The seven-system aluminum ingot has the material strength obviously higher than that of the traditional special die casting raw material, and the proportion of zinc element to magnesium element is 2.712, so that the structure with higher strength requirement in the smart phone and accessories thereof can be satisfied.
Preferably, the temperature of the seven-system aluminum alloy raw material used before die casting is kept at 720+/-10 ℃, if the temperature is too high, the components are easy to burn out, and if the temperature is too low, the molding effect is poor.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, fig. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a seven-system aluminum alloy small die casting mold according to the present invention in a mold closing state, fig. 4 is a perspective view of the present invention from an inner side view of a front mold in a mold opening state of fig. 3, and fig. 5 is a perspective view of the present invention from an inner side view of a rear mold in a mold opening state of fig. 3; for die casting seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces having uneven wall thicknesses like that shown in fig. 1, the die casting mold includes a front mold 100 and a rear mold 200 for molding a plurality of seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces; the die casting die is used on a horizontal cold chamber die casting machine, taking the horizontal cold chamber die casting machine with 3300KN clamping force as an example, the pressure of an energy accumulator is 160bar, the diameter of a punch is 50mm, and the thickness of a material handle is 20+/-5 mm.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a perspective view of the rear mold of fig. 5 in a flat state according to the present invention, and fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 6 according to the present invention; the rear die 200 is provided with four main cavities 240 for forming seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces, and is provided with two diversion channel cavities 230 and one main channel cavity 220 which are communicated with the four main cavities 240, the main channel cavity 220 is communicated with the stub bar cavity 110 arranged on the front die 100 of fig. 4, and the diversion channel cavity 230 is communicated between the main channel cavity 220 and the main cavity 240; the improvement points of the invention are that: an extrusion package cavity 250 is arranged on the rear die 200, the main cavity 240 is communicated between the extrusion package cavity 250 and the shunt cavity 230, and the extrusion package cavity 250 is extruded in a time-delay manner in the process of die casting seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces by combining the pressure of an accumulator of a horizontal cold chamber die casting machine through a cylinder 300 arranged on the rear die 200 of the die casting die figure 6.
Preferably, the start time of the extrusion package cavity 250 is delayed by 0.05 to 0.15s from the pressure maintaining start time when the injection punch of the horizontal cold chamber die casting machine stops traveling; the pressure maintaining pressure is 170+/-10 bar when the injection punch stops advancing, the time delay extrusion pressure is 130-150 bar, and the extrusion time is 2.5-3 s; the time delay and the extrusion time of the time delay extrusion stage can be determined according to the weight of the aluminum alloy small piece.
According to the die casting die for the seven-system aluminum alloy small piece, the extrusion package cavity 240 is adopted, the time delay extrusion mode is combined, the packing is not filled during pressure maintaining, and the packing which is not completely solidified in the main cavity 230 is extruded in volume through the extrusion package of the die, so that the core structure and the structure of the die casting die are more compact, the die casting aluminum alloy small piece avoids the loose structure at the core position with thicker wall thickness, and the defects of local cracks, air hole expansion, hollowness, shrinkage and the like are avoided after the later heat treatment; the aluminum alloy small pieces after heat treatment are actually much stronger than those using conventional die casting materials.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of a four-die-casting blank according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which the shape and structure of the stub bar cavity 110, the manifold cavity 220, the product main cavity 230, the extrusion pack cavity 250, the vent runner cavity 260, and the washboard type vent groove 270, and the boundary and positional relationship between each cavity and the parting plane in fig. 4 of the die-casting mold can be comprehensively and intuitively reflected by the stub bar 410, the manifold 420, the manifold 430, the product blank 440, the extrusion pack 450, the vent runner 460, and the washboard type vent block 470 in the completed die-casting blank 400.
In the preferred embodiment of the seven-system aluminum alloy small part die casting mold, taking a four-die casting aluminum alloy small part shown in fig. 1 as an example, two extrusion bags 450 can be arranged corresponding to four product blanks 440 in fig. 8, wherein each extrusion bag cavity 250 is connected with two product main cavities 240 in fig. 7, the four main cavities 240 are transversely arranged, and the arrangement direction of the four main cavities is perpendicular to the total flowing direction of die casting aluminum alloy materials, so that the filling path of each cavity is shortened, and the defect that the pressure casting materials in a high-temperature molten state fall excessively when filling into a far-end cavity, thereby causing the defect of trapping gas and insufficient filling of the equal pressure casting products due to the reduced material fluidity is avoided; correspondingly, a cylinder 300 is arranged on each side of the rear mold 200 shown in fig. 6 of the die casting mold, and the pressure of the accumulator is used to perform time delay extrusion on the extrusion package cavity 250 in fig. 8 according to the arrow P direction by connecting the accumulator of the horizontal cold chamber die casting machine.
Preferably, the volume of the single squeeze package 450 in fig. 8 is greater than the volume of the single product blank 440, and the volume of the single squeeze package 450 is less than the volumes of the two product blanks 440 in communication therewith; correspondingly, the volume of the single extrusion package cavity 250 in fig. 7 is larger than that of the single main cavity 240, and the volume of the single extrusion package cavity 250 is smaller than that of the two main cavities 240 communicated with the single extrusion package cavity, so that the requirement of time-lapse extrusion can be met more economically; because of the material density of the individual product blanks 440, the size of the squeeze bag 450 in communication therewith has a direct relationship; if the volume of the extrusion bag is too small, the cooling speed is high, the pressure is difficult to be sustained, and the time of delaying extrusion cannot be met; however, the extrusion volume is too large, and the extrusion effect is weakened in the case that the extrusion volumes are the same, so that it is difficult to generate an obvious extrusion effect on the main cavity 240.
In order to better exhaust the air in the main cavity 240 of the die casting mold during the die casting process, so as to further improve the material compactness of the product blank 440, further, two wave-shaped exhaust grooves 270 for connecting a vacuum pumping device are arranged on the die casting mold, as shown in fig. 7, each extrusion package cavity 250 is communicated between two main cavities 240 and one wave-shaped exhaust groove 270; correspondingly, in fig. 8 a single squeeze bag 450 is in communication between two product blanks 440 and one wavy air bleed block 470.
Preferably, in FIG. 8, there are three venting channels 460 in communication between a single squeeze bag 450 and a wavy venting block 470, and two product blanks 440 in communication with a single squeeze bag 450, the former being larger than the latter to ensure adequate venting; correspondingly, in fig. 7, the number of the air exhaust channels 260 communicated with the wavy air exhaust grooves 270 of the single extrusion package cavity 250 is greater than the number of the main cavities 240 communicated with the extrusion package cavity 250, the number of the air exhaust channels is three, and the number of the main cavities is two.
Preferably, when the injection punch seals the material opening, the two wave-shaped air discharge grooves 270 are vacuumized; otherwise, air will continuously enter the cavity of the die casting mold from the stub bar cavity 110; moreover, the time of vacuum pumping needs to be continued to the beginning time of the pressure maintaining stage, so as to accelerate the air in the mold cavity to be discharged, and further avoid the phenomenon of tin coating of the product blank 440.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the junction between the manifold cavity 230 and the single main cavity 240 in fig. 7 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the junction between the single main cavity 240 and the squeeze bulb cavity 250; and the cross-sectional area of the junction between the single main cavity 240 and the extrusion pack cavity 250 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the single vent runner 260 between the extrusion pack cavity 250 and the wave-shaped vent groove 270 to match the fluidity of the seven-system die-cast aluminum alloy material to the greatest extent.
Preferably, the manifold cavity 230 in FIG. 7 is in communication with the main manifold cavity 220 and has a flat chevron shape to optimize the manifold structure and further reduce die casting defects in the product blank 440.
Preferably, a process table cavity 280 for forming the process table 480 of fig. 8 is disposed on the side of the split-channel cavity 230 away from the main cavity 240 in fig. 7, and a positioning column 281 for forming the die-cut positioning hole 481 of fig. 8 is disposed in the process table cavity 280; to facilitate post-processing by using punch positioning to remove stub bars 410, main flow channels 420, and shunt channels 430.
Preferably, the end of the shunt cavity 230 in fig. 7 is provided with a slag ladle pit 290, corresponding to the slag ladle 490 in fig. 8, for depositing the die-casting melt with oxidized forefront and a large amount of gas in the low-speed injection stage; the slag ladle 490 is in a shape of a round table, and the bottom of the slag ladle is in a cambered surface shape; the manifold cavity 230 is smoothly transitioned and tangentially connected to the ladle furnace 290 to ensure smooth entry of defective die-casting melt.
Preferably, in the die casting process, the temperature of the front die 110 of the die casting die is kept at 260+/-10 ℃ and the temperature of the rear die 200 is kept at 280+/-10 ℃ so as to ensure the stability of the die casting batch.
Based on the die-casting die, the invention also provides a seven-series aluminum alloy small piece, which has a structure with at least two parts with different wall thicknesses, and is formed by die-casting seven-series aluminum alloy serving as a raw material through the die-casting die in any embodiment; the core structure of the product is compact, the overall strength is higher after T4 and T6 heat treatment, and the product can not have defects of local cracks, air hole expansion, hollowness, shrinkage and the like.
The T4 and T6 heat treatments refer to a heat treatment mode of T4 and then T6 aiming at a die-casting aluminum product, and are used for improving the overall strength of an aluminum alloy piece; wherein, T4 heat treatment refers to solution treatment and natural aging, the solution treatment refers to heat-treating the die-casting aluminum product to a high-temperature single-phase region and keep the temperature for a period of time, so that the excessive phase is fully dissolved into the solid solution and then is rapidly cooled (such as air cooling, oil cooling or water cooling) to obtain a heat treatment process of supersaturated solid solution, which is equivalent to tempering treatment, so as to soften the core structure of the die-casting aluminum product and increase the toughness of the product; and T6 heat treatment refers to complete artificial aging treatment after solution treatment, namely, higher aging temperature and longer heat preservation time are adopted to obtain maximum hardness and maximum tensile strength, but the elongation is lower, which is equivalent to tempering treatment, so that the internal stress of the product is eliminated, and the surface hardness is improved.
For the die-casting aluminum product adopting seven-system aluminum alloy raw materials, the temperature of a single-phase region is preferably controlled to be 535+/-10 ℃ in the solid solution treatment stage in T4 heat treatment, and the time is controlled to be about 2 hours; whereas the T6 heat treatment preferably consists of two stages of artificial ageing, the first stage of artificial ageing being maintained at an ageing temperature of 100 ℃ ± 5 ℃ for 5 hours and the second stage of artificial ageing being maintained at an ageing temperature of 150 ℃ ± 5 ℃ for 15 hours, whereby the overall strength of the die cast aluminium product after heat treatment is highest.
It should be understood that the foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and it should be understood that the foregoing may be added, substituted, altered or modified within the spirit and principle of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and all such added, substituted, altered or modified embodiments fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The die-casting die for the seven-system aluminum alloy small piece comprises a front die and a rear die, wherein the front die and the rear die are used for forming a plurality of seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces with uneven wall thickness, the rear die is provided with a plurality of main cavities for forming the seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces, the rear die is provided with a diversion channel cavity and a main channel cavity which are communicated with the main cavity, the main channel cavity is communicated with a stub bar cavity arranged on the front die, and the diversion channel cavity is communicated between the main channel cavity and the main cavity; the method is characterized in that: the rear die is provided with an extrusion package cavity, the main cavity is communicated between the extrusion package cavity and the shunt channel cavity, and the extrusion package cavity is subjected to time delay extrusion in the die casting process by combining the pressure of an accumulator of a horizontal cold chamber die casting machine through a cylinder arranged on the die casting die; the starting time of extrusion of the extrusion package cavity is delayed by 0.05-0.15 s compared with the pressure maintaining starting time when the injection punch of the horizontal cold chamber die casting machine stops advancing; the volume of the single extrusion package cavity is larger than that of the single main cavity, and the volume of the single extrusion package cavity is smaller than that of all the main cavities communicated with the single extrusion package cavity; the die casting die is also provided with wavy exhaust grooves for connecting vacuum pumping equipment, the extrusion package cavity is communicated between the main cavity and the wavy exhaust grooves, and the number of exhaust runners communicated with the wavy exhaust grooves is greater than that of the main cavity communicated with the extrusion package cavity; the die casting die is used for forming seven-series aluminum alloy small pieces by seven-series aluminum alloy raw materials, the seven-series aluminum alloy small pieces have at least two structures with different wall thicknesses, and the seven-series aluminum alloy raw materials comprise the following non-AL components in percentage by weight: 4.90 to 5.10 percent of Zn, 1.75 to 1.85 percent of Mg, 0.050 to 0.085 percent of Fe, 0.025 to 0.055 percent of Cu, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of Zr, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Ga and less than or equal to 0.02 percent of Sn.
2. The die casting die for seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces according to claim 1, wherein: wherein the total amount of Mn and Cr is less than or equal to 0.03%; the single content of other elements is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the total content of other elements is less than or equal to 0.10 percent.
3. The die casting die for seven-system aluminum alloy small pieces according to claim 2, wherein: after die casting, it is subjected to T4 and T6 heat treatments, wherein the temperature of the single-phase region is controlled between 535 ℃ plus or minus 10 ℃ in the solid solution treatment stage in the T4 heat treatment, and the time is kept for 2 hours.
4. A die casting die for seven-series aluminum alloy small pieces according to claim 3, characterized in that: the T6 heat treatment consists of two sections of artificial aging, wherein the first section of artificial aging is kept for 5 hours at the aging temperature of 100+/-5 ℃, and the second section of artificial aging is kept for 15 hours at the aging temperature of 150+/-5 ℃.
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| CN201910084063.2A CN109877291B (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | Seven-series aluminum alloy small piece and die casting die thereof |
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