Drum screen
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a rotary screen for screening kitchen waste.
Background
In the process of recycling kitchen waste, the household waste needs to be screened into organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the inorganic matters are mainly plastics.
The prior drum screen equipment can only screen out undersize through the screen holes in the sorting process, and the undersize is mainly organic matter. The existing drum screen has the following defects:
1. due to the physical limitation of the sieve pores, undersize contains small-particle-size plastics, and the separation effect is limited;
2. the existing drum screen adopts an integral screen or a spliced screen, and when the screen is damaged, the maintenance and replacement cost is high, the whole screen needs to be replaced, and the difficulty is high;
3. the existing drum screen has plastic and other winding screen holes in the process of screening organic matters, so that the screening capacity is reduced;
4. the existing drum screen equipment has the problems that materials cannot effectively roll in the drum body or are accumulated in the rolling process because the drum body is provided with a horizontal lifting plate except a bag breaking knife or only the horizontal lifting plate;
5. the transmission device adopts chain transmission or single-group friction wheel transmission, so that the chain maintenance is frequent, the friction wheel replacement cost is high, the production is influenced, or the manufacture is too simple and the glue is easy to open;
6. in the production process of the equipment, the downward movement of the cylinder body depends on the positioning of the belt and the supporting wheel, so that the rubber stripping and abrasion of the supporting wheel are accelerated;
7. the existing screen cover of the drum screen cannot solve the problem of leakage of materials caused by sealing between the drum and the rotating drum.
In view of the above-mentioned defects, the present designer is actively making research and innovation to create a new type of drum screen, so that the drum screen has more industrial utility value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drum screen for screening kitchen garbage, which can improve the sorting rate of organic garbage, improve the screening purity and ensure the sorting effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a drum sieve, includes support, barrel, sieve cover and blowing mechanism, wherein:
the barrel is obliquely and rotatably arranged on the bracket, a feed port of the barrel is higher than a discharge port, and the bracket is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the barrel to rotate relative to the bracket;
the screen cover is arranged on the bracket and is sleeved with the cylinder body;
the blowing mechanism is arranged at the feeding hole and is configured to blow air from the feeding hole to the discharging hole.
The material (rubbish from cooking) falls into the barrel through the feeder, falling into the in-process, the material orbit is the parabola, the material is under the effect of mechanism of blowing, light material flies into the barrel afterbody along material traffic direction in the barrel, heavier material (organic matter and bold inorganic matter) is rotatory and export to the barrel afterbody along the barrel in the barrel, material (organic matter) that are less than the sieve mesh of barrel fall into the below through the sieve mesh, material (big inorganic matter) that are greater than the sieve mesh are rotatory through the barrel, export from the afterbody.
The design improves the purity of organic matters in undersize, the undersize directly passes through the size screening of the screen holes in the prior art, and the undersize contains a certain amount of inorganic matters and needs secondary sorting. The invention achieves the effect of twice sorting by one-time sorting, reduces the occupied space of the equipment, solves the problem of a settling chamber required by wind power sorting and reduces the cost.
As a preferable scheme of the above drum screen, the blowing mechanism includes a blowing nozzle and a blower connected to the blowing nozzle, and the blowing nozzle is inclined toward the top inside the drum body. The oblique blowing can better blow the materials to the tail part of the barrel.
As a preferable scheme of the above drum screen, the drum includes a cylindrical framework and a plurality of arc-shaped screen plates arranged in gaps of the cylindrical framework, and each screen plate is detachably connected to the cylindrical framework. The screen plate adopts the modular concatenation mode to be fixed in the tube-shape skeleton, and under the special circumstances, certain screen plate damage only need change alone can, and single screen plate weight is lighter relatively, the operation of being convenient for.
As a preferable scheme of the above drum screen, the outer surface of the screen plate is provided with convex rings concentric with the screen holes one by one. Under the general condition, the appearance length of organic matter or flexible inorganic matter need be greater than 2 at least and just can twine in the clearance between the sieve mesh, and the setting of bulge loop has improved the distance between the adjacent sieve mesh in the condition that does not change sieve surface aperture ratio, because of material length is no longer than the sieve mesh interval behind the increase bulge loop, the unable winding sieve mesh of material to avoid the sieve mesh winding.
As a preferable scheme of the above drum screen, a material raising plate is arranged on the inner surface of part of the screen plates. When the barrel rotates, the materials move along with the barrel in the same direction, under the action of the lifting plate, the materials roll, and the rolled materials are looser, so that undersize materials can pass through the sieve holes, and the screening efficiency is improved.
As a preferable scheme of the above drum screen, each of the material raising plates is spirally distributed along the material advancing direction. The spiral distribution is more beneficial to the movement of the materials.
As an optimized scheme of the above drum screen, the driving mechanism includes two sets of riding wheel sets, a transmission assembly and a motor, wherein:
the two groups of riding wheel groups are respectively positioned at two ends of the barrel body, and each group of riding wheel group comprises two riding wheels which are respectively abutted against two side parts of the barrel body;
the transmission assembly comprises a universal coupling for connecting the two riding wheels on the same side and a coupling for connecting the motor with one of the riding wheels. The transmission mode is reliable and stable.
As a preferable scheme of the above drum screen, the supporting roller includes a connecting shaft, a first wheel and a second wheel sleeved on the connecting shaft, a space ring sleeved on the connecting shaft and located between the first wheel and the second wheel, and rubber sleeves wrapping the first wheel and the second wheel one by one, outer walls of the first wheel and the second wheel are of a step structure, and directions of the step structure of the first wheel and the step structure of the second wheel are opposite. The first wheel and the second wheel are utilized to form a riding wheel, and when one steel wheel is damaged, the riding wheel can still normally run for a period of time to strive for time for replacing spare parts; the periphery of the steel wheel is coated with rubber, so that the cylinder body can be protected from being abraded, and the rubber sleeve can be replaced after being abraded; the directions of the step structures are opposite, so that the interaction of the two steel wheels can be ensured, and the rubber sleeve is prevented from falling off.
As a preferable scheme of the above drum screen, a labyrinth seal structure is provided between the two ends of the drum and the screen cover. The labyrinth sealing mode can ensure that the material is not leaked.
As a preferable scheme of the above drum screen, the screen cover includes an upper screen cover and a lower screen cover which are detachably connected, and two sides of the lower screen cover are connected with angle-adjustable guide plates. The guide plate can ensure smooth circulation of materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: utilize the mechanism of blowing to make light material fly into the barrel afterbody along material traffic direction in the barrel, heavier material (organic matter and bold inorganic matter) is rotatory and export to the barrel afterbody along the barrel in the barrel, the material (organic matter) that is less than the sieve mesh of barrel falls into the below through the sieve mesh, the material (big inorganic matter) that is greater than the sieve mesh is rotatory through the barrel, export from the afterbody, it reaches the effect of twice sorting to have realized once sorting, organic waste sorting rate has been improved greatly, screening purity is improved, sorting effect has been ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a drum screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a drum in a trommel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a screen plate in the cylinder of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another angular configuration of the screen deck in the cartridge of FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is a structural sectional view of a riding wheel in a drum screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 10-bracket, 20-barrel, 21-feeding port, 22-discharging port, 23-barrel-shaped framework, 24-sieve plate, 25-sieve hole, 26-convex ring, 27-material raising plate, 30-sieve cover, 31-upper sieve cover, 32-lower sieve cover, 33-guide plate, 34-hydraulic cylinder, 40-air blowing nozzle, 50-material feeder, 60-riding wheel, 61-connecting shaft, 62-first wheel, 63-second wheel, 64-spacer ring, 65-rubber sleeve, 66-step structure, 71-universal coupling, 72-coupling, 80-motor, 91-baffle and 92-catch wheel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in the following detailed description with reference to the drawings, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the drum screen of the present invention includes a bracket 10, a drum 20, a screen cover 30, and a blowing mechanism. The barrel 20 is obliquely and rotatably arranged on the support 10, the feed inlet 21 of the barrel 20 is higher than the discharge outlet 22, the support 10 is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the barrel 20 to rotate relative to the support 10, and the support 10 is provided with a blocking wheel 92 at the tail part of the barrel 20 so as to limit the barrel 20 and prevent the barrel 20 from axially moving; the screen cover 30 is arranged on the bracket 10 and is sleeved with the barrel body 20; the blowing mechanism is disposed at the inlet 21, and the blowing mechanism is configured to blow air from the inlet 21 to the outlet 22.
A labyrinth seal structure is arranged between the two ends of the cylinder body 20 and the screen cover 30, namely, the baffle 91 is arranged between the cylinder body 20 and the screen cover 30, and a zigzag small chamber is formed between the end part of the cylinder body 20 and the screen cover 30 by utilizing the baffle 91, so that the material cannot move, and the material can be ensured not to leak in a labyrinth seal mode.
In addition, the screen cover 30 comprises an upper screen cover 31 and a lower screen cover 32 which are detachably connected, and guide plates 33 with adjustable angles are connected to two sides of the lower screen cover 32. The guide plate 33 is hinged with the lower screen cover 32, and the guide plate 33 is driven to rotate by the hydraulic cylinder 34, so that the angle of the guide plate 33 is adjusted, and the materials smoothly flow to the lower part of the drum screen along the guide plate 33. It can be seen that the flow guide plate 33 can ensure smooth material flow.
Specifically, the blowing mechanism includes a blowing nozzle 40 and a blower (not shown) connected to the blowing nozzle 40, and the blowing nozzle 40 is inclined toward the top inside the cylinder 20 and is located below the feeder 50 that feeds the cylinder 20. The air blowing nozzle 40 blows air obliquely, so that the materials can be blown to the tail of the barrel 20 better, and the aim of wind power separation is fulfilled.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the cylinder 20 of the present invention includes a cylindrical frame 23, and a plurality of arc-shaped screen plates 24 stretched in gaps of the cylindrical frame 23, and each screen plate 24 is detachably connected to the cylindrical frame 23. The sieve plate 24 is fixed on the cylindrical framework 23 in a modular splicing mode, under special conditions, a certain sieve plate 24 is damaged and only needs to be replaced independently, and the single sieve plate 24 is relatively light in weight and convenient to operate.
For the structure of the sieve plate 24, a plurality of sieve holes 25 are arranged on the sieve plate 24, and the outer surface of the sieve plate 24 is provided with a convex ring 26 which is concentric with each sieve hole 25. Under the general condition, the appearance length of organic matter or flexible inorganic matter need be greater than 2 at least and sieve mesh 25 between the clearance just can twine, and the setting of bulge loop 26 has improved the distance between the adjacent sieve mesh 25 under the condition that does not change 24 surperficial percent openings of sieve boards, because of the sieve mesh 25 interval behind the material length no longer than increase bulge loop 26, the unable winding sieve mesh 25 of material to avoid the sieve mesh 25 to twine. In addition, the inner surface of part sieve 24 is equipped with the lifting blade 27, and when barrel 20 rotated, the material was followed barrel 20 syntropy and is moved, and under the effect of lifting blade 27, the material rolled, and the material after rolling is more loose, is favorable to undersize thing to pass through sieve mesh 25, improves screening efficiency. Preferably, each material raising plate 27 is spirally distributed along the material advancing direction. The spiral distribution is more beneficial to the movement of the materials.
For the driving mechanism for driving the cylinder 20 to rotate, the driving mechanism adopted by the invention comprises two groups of riding wheel sets, a transmission assembly and a motor 80, wherein the two groups of riding wheel sets are respectively positioned at two ends of the cylinder 20, and each group of riding wheel set comprises two riding wheels 60 which are respectively abutted against two side parts of the cylinder 20; the transmission assembly comprises a universal coupling 71 for connecting two riding wheels 60 on the same side and a coupling 72 for connecting the motor 80 with one riding wheel 60. Compared with chain transmission, the transmission mode is more reliable and stable.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the riding wheel 60 includes a connecting shaft 61, a first wheel 62 and a second wheel 63 sleeved on the connecting shaft 61, a spacer ring 64 sleeved on the connecting shaft 61 and located between the first wheel 62 and the second wheel 63, and rubber sleeves 65 wrapping the first wheel 62 and the second wheel 63 one by one, outer walls of the first wheel 62 and the second wheel 63 are stepped structures 66, and directions of the stepped structures 66 of the first wheel 62 and the stepped structures 66 of the second wheel 63 are opposite. The first wheel 62 and the second wheel 63 are utilized to form the riding wheel 60, when one steel wheel is damaged, the riding wheel 60 can still normally run for a period of time, and time is won for replacing spare parts; the rubber coating treatment of the periphery of the steel wheel can protect the cylinder body 20 from being abraded, and meanwhile, the rubber sleeve 65 can be replaced after being abraded; the step structure 66 has an opposite direction, so that interaction between the two steel wheels can be ensured, and the rubber sleeve 65 is prevented from falling off.
The principle of the drum screen is as follows:
the material (being kitchen garbage) falls into barrel 20 through feeder 50, in falling into the in-process, the material orbit is the parabola, the material is under the effect of blower mechanism, light material flies into barrel 20 afterbody along the material traffic direction in barrel 20, heavier material (organic matter and bold inorganic matter) is rotatory and export to barrel 20 afterbody along barrel 20 in barrel 20, material (organic matter) that is less than the sieve mesh 25 of barrel 20 falls into the below through sieve mesh 25, material (big inorganic matter) that is greater than sieve mesh 25 is rotatory through barrel 20, export from the afterbody. The design improves the purity of organic matters in undersize, the undersize directly passes through the size screening of the screen holes in the prior art, and the undersize contains a certain amount of inorganic matters and needs secondary sorting. The invention achieves the effect of twice sorting by one-time sorting, reduces the occupied space of the equipment, solves the problem of a settling chamber required by wind power sorting and reduces the cost.
In conclusion, the drum screen achieves the effect of twice sorting by one-time sorting, greatly improves the sorting rate of organic garbage, improves the screening purity and ensures the sorting effect.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.