CN109871356B - Data processing method and device for soil detection - Google Patents
Data processing method and device for soil detection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A data processing method and device for soil detection, through the serial soil detection image data files in the sedimentation cylinder shot in several time acquisition sections, sort according to the time acquisition points, group according to the sedimentation cylinder source, make the image data file from the same sedimentation cylinder form a sub-file group, the sub-file group of different time acquisition sections form a total file group, limit the numerical range according to the data type, extract the data of the sub-file group and convert into numerical value, make the numerical value of the same sedimentation cylinder form an array, carry on the data operation to the array, obtain the process numerical value, obtain the particle content of soil of each grade, use the automatic making method of the soil texture triangle map to divide the soil texture name, output the soil texture name, obtain the data processing result of soil detection, the technical scheme of the invention can obtain the data required by soil detection, the method has higher consistency and repeatability, and improves the accuracy of the soil detection data processing result.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a data processing method and device for soil detection.
Background
The mechanical composition of the soil (the composition of the soil particles) is the percentage ratio of each level of mineral particles in the soil, reflects the size and the quantity condition of the mineral particles in the soil, influences the production performances of the soil, such as the content, the maintenance, the supply and the heat condition, the farming performance, the seedling development performance, the suitability for the seed, and the like of water, gas and nutrients, and has important practical significance for the evaluation of the basic properties and the forming environment of the soil. In the soil environment condition investigation work carried out in large area in recent years, it is necessary to measure the mechanical composition of soil with a large number of samples.
The current standard of the soil mechanical composition determination method in China at present is the determination of forest soil particle composition (mechanical composition) by LY/T1225-1999 and the 3 rd part of soil detection by NY/T1121.3-2006: the two standards include a densitometer method (or specific gravity method) and a suction pipe method. Compared with a suction pipe method, the densimeter method is relatively simpler and more convenient to operate, lower in measurement cost and slightly lower in precision but basically enough, so that the densimeter method is much higher in utilization rate in the soil mechanical composition sample measurement process of most detection mechanisms, and is the most mainstream soil mechanical composition measurement method at present.
At present, the densitometry method is still a very time-consuming method, is difficult to accurately control by manual operation (the requirement in actual operation is high), and has a too small detection flux (generally 6-8 samples are obtained by a single person in each batch). Therefore, the applicant carries out a series of soil detection automation scheme researches, and the automatic or semi-automatic instrument is used for replacing the prior complete manual operation, so that the working time and the working intensity of experimenters can be greatly reduced, the experimental precision and the accuracy are greatly improved, and meanwhile, the detection flux which is several times larger than that of the original manual operation method can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a data processing method and device for soil detection, which can realize data reading and analysis of a sedimentation cylinder by automatically acquiring an image data file based on the existing image recognition technology, do not need manual watching, ensure high consistency and repeatability of an experimental link, are far superior to a manual experiment mode, and improve the accuracy of a soil detection data processing result.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: a data processing method for soil testing, comprising:
data reception: acquiring a series of soil detection image data files in a sedimentation cylinder shot in a plurality of time acquisition sections, and sequencing the image data files according to time acquisition points;
data grouping: grouping the image data files according to the source of the sedimentation cylinder, so that the image data files from the same sedimentation cylinder form a sub file group, and the sub file groups of the acquisition sections of the same sedimentation cylinder at different times form a total file group;
and (3) limiting the range: limiting the numerical range of the image data file according to the included data types;
data extraction: performing data extraction on sub-file groups formed by the grouped image data files, converting the image of the image data file in each sub-file group into a numerical value, and enabling the numerical values extracted from the image data files of the same sedimentation cylinder to form an array;
and (3) data operation: performing data operation on a plurality of arrays formed by the readings of the same sedimentation cylinder in different time acquisition sections to obtain a process value, and filling weight data obtained by drying and weighing particles larger than 0.25mm and corresponding to the sedimentation cylinder into a data operation interface to obtain the content of soil particles in each grade;
dividing names: dividing soil texture names by adopting an automatic manufacturing method of a soil texture triangular graph according to the content of soil particles of each size fraction;
and (3) data output: and outputting the soil texture name to obtain a data processing result of soil detection.
As a preferred scheme of the data processing method for soil detection, the image data file is acquired by a camera, and the format of the image data file is one or more of jpg, png, tif or gif;
and storing the data processing result of the soil detection output by the soil texture name into an Excel software format.
As a preferable scheme of the data processing method for soil detection, the data types include a number of a settling drum, a reading of a densimeter and a reading of a thermometer, the number of the settling drum ranges from 0 to 99, the reading of the densimeter ranges from 0 to 60, and the reading of the thermometer ranges from 0 to 35 ℃.
As a preferred solution to the data processing method for soil testing, the densitometer readings are corrected with thermometer readings according to a soil densitometer calibration table.
As a preferable scheme of the data processing method for soil detection, the size of the converted image of the image data file into a numerical value is monitored, and when the converted numerical value exceeds the numerical value range limit, an error is reported and reminded.
As a preferable scheme of the data processing method for soil detection, a densitometer method is adopted in the data operation process.
The embodiment of the invention also relates to a data processing device for soil detection, which comprises:
the data receiving module is used for acquiring serial soil detection image data files in the sedimentation cylinder shot in a plurality of time acquisition sections;
the file sorting module is used for sorting the acquired image data files according to the time acquisition points;
the data grouping module is used for grouping the image data files according to the source of the sedimentation cylinder, so that the image data files from the same sedimentation cylinder form a sub file group, and the sub file groups of the acquisition sections of the same sedimentation cylinder at different times form a total file group;
the range limiting module is used for limiting the numerical range of the image data file according to the included data types;
the data extraction module is used for extracting data of sub-file groups formed by the grouped image data files, converting the image of the image data file in each sub-file group into a numerical value, and enabling the numerical values extracted from the image data files of the same sedimentation cylinder to form an array;
the data operation module is used for performing data operation on a plurality of arrays formed by the readings of the same sedimentation cylinder in different time acquisition sections to obtain a process value, and filling weight data obtained by drying and weighing particles larger than 0.25mm and corresponding to the sedimentation cylinder into a data operation interface to obtain the content of the soil particles in each grade;
the name dividing module is used for dividing the soil texture name by adopting an automatic manufacturing method of a soil texture triangular chart according to the content of soil particles in each size fraction;
and the data output module is used for outputting the soil texture name to obtain a data processing result of soil detection.
As a preferred scheme of the data processing device for soil detection, in the data receiving module, an image data file is acquired by a camera, and the format of the image data file is one or more of jpg, png, tif and gif;
in the data output module, storing a data processing result of the soil detection output by the soil texture name into an Excel software format;
in the range limiting module, the data types comprise a sedimentation cylinder number, densimeter reading and thermometer reading, the numerical range of the sedimentation cylinder number is 0-99, the numerical range of the densimeter reading is 0-60, and the numerical range of the thermometer reading is 0-35 ℃.
The data processing device for soil detection preferably further comprises a data correction module, wherein the data correction module corrects the densimeter reading by adopting the thermometer reading according to the soil densimeter correction table.
The data processing device for soil detection further comprises a data reminding module, wherein the data reminding module monitors the size of the numerical value converted from the image of the image data file, and carries out error reporting reminding when the converted numerical value exceeds the numerical value range limit.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: according to the technical scheme, the data required by soil detection can be obtained through data receiving, data grouping, range limiting, data extracting, data operation, name dividing and data outputting, manual watching is not needed, high consistency and repeatability of an experimental link can be guaranteed, the method is far superior to a manual experiment mode, and the accuracy of a soil detection data processing result is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a data processing method for soil detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data processing apparatus for soil detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a data receiving module; 2. a file sorting module; 3. a data grouping module; 4. a range limiting module; 5. a data extraction module; 6. a data operation module; 7. a name dividing module; 8. a data output module; 9. a data correction module; 10. and a data reminding module.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is known that the densitometry (or pycnometry) and straw method are both methods involved in the examples of the present invention, and specifically, reference may be made to the standard "determination of forest soil particle composition (mechanical composition)" of LY/T1225-1999 and "part 3 of NY/T1121.3-2006 soil test of soil mechanical composition determination method: determination of the mechanical composition of the soil ".
As is known, the method for automatically manufacturing a triangular graph according to the embodiment of the present invention may refer to: the standard preparation of the triangle graph of the texture of the soil, and the automatic inquiry of the triangle graph of the texture of the soil [ J ]. soil bulletin, 2013,50(06):1221 and 1225.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a data processing method for soil detection, including the following steps:
s1: data reception: acquiring a series of soil detection image data files in a sedimentation cylinder shot in a plurality of time acquisition sections, and sequencing the image data files according to time acquisition points;
s2: data grouping: grouping the image data files according to the source of the sedimentation cylinder, so that the image data files from the same sedimentation cylinder form a sub file group, and the sub file groups of the acquisition sections of the same sedimentation cylinder at different times form a total file group;
s3: and (3) limiting the range: limiting the numerical range of the image data file according to the included data types;
s4: data extraction: performing data extraction on sub-file groups formed by the grouped image data files, converting the image of the image data file in each sub-file group into a numerical value, and enabling the numerical values extracted from the image data files of the same sedimentation cylinder to form an array;
s5: and (3) data operation: performing data operation on a plurality of arrays formed by the readings of the same sedimentation cylinder in different time acquisition sections to obtain a process value, and filling weight data obtained by drying and weighing particles larger than 0.25mm and corresponding to the sedimentation cylinder into a data operation interface to obtain the content of soil particles in each grade;
s6: dividing names: dividing soil texture names by adopting an automatic manufacturing method of a soil texture triangular graph according to the content of soil particles of each size fraction;
s7: and (3) data output: and outputting the soil texture name to obtain a data processing result of soil detection, and storing the data processing result of the soil detection output by the soil texture name into an Excel software format.
In an embodiment of the data processing method for soil detection, the image data file is obtained by a camera, and the format of the image data file is one or more of jpg, png, tif and gif. A camera provided with a high-definition camera is used for shooting a sedimentation cylinder in a specified time acquisition section to form a soil detection image data file, and the format of the image data file can be any one of formats which are convenient for data extraction, such as common image files of jpg, png, tif or gif.
In one embodiment of the data processing method for soil testing, the data types include a sedimentation cylinder number having a value range of 0-99, a densitometer reading having a value range of 0-60, and a thermometer reading having a value range of 0-35 ℃. By presetting the data type and the numerical range of the data type, when the image data file is subjected to graphic data extraction, early warning and reminding are conveniently carried out. The size of the image converted into the numerical value of the image data file is monitored, and when the converted numerical value exceeds the numerical value range limit, an error is reported and reminded, so that the accuracy of the data numerical value extracted from the image data file is ensured.
In one embodiment of the data processing method for soil testing, the thermometer readings are used to correct the densitometer readings based on the soil densitometer calibration tables. Specifically, the soil densitometer calibration tables are set forth in Table four of LY/T1225-1999 forest soil particle composition (mechanical composition) assays. And a densitometer method is adopted in the data operation process. The densitometer method is suitable for analyzing soil samples with a particle size of less than 0.075mm, and if the sample contains particles with a particle size of more than 0.075mm, the densitometer method and the sieve analysis method are used in combination. The densitometry method is to add 10mL of sodium hexametaphosphate with concentration of 4% into a sample with certain mass, mix the mixture into 1000mL of suspension, and evenly distribute soil particles in the suspension. At the moment, the sinking speeds of the soil particles with different sizes in the suspension are different. On the one hand, the diameters of the different-sized soil grains in the suspension were calculated according to the law of Vaccinium uliginosum (Stokes, G.G,1845), and on the other hand, the mass percentages of the corresponding different-sized soil grains were determined by a densitometer.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further relates to a data processing apparatus for soil detection, including:
the data receiving module 1 is used for acquiring serial soil detection image data files in the sedimentation cylinder shot in a plurality of time acquisition sections;
the file sorting module 2 is used for sorting the acquired image data files according to the time acquisition points;
the data grouping module 3 is used for grouping the image data files according to the source of the sedimentation cylinder, so that the image data files from the same sedimentation cylinder form a sub file group, and the sub file groups of the acquisition sections of the same sedimentation cylinder at different times form a total file group;
the range limiting module 4 is used for limiting the numerical range of the image data file according to the included data types;
the data extraction module 5 is used for extracting data of the sub-file groups formed by the grouped image data files, converting the image of the image data file in each sub-file group into a numerical value, and enabling the numerical values extracted from the image data files of the same sedimentation cylinder to form an array;
the data operation module 6 is used for performing data operation on a plurality of arrays formed by the readings of the same sedimentation cylinder in different time acquisition sections to obtain a process value, and filling weight data obtained by drying and weighing particles larger than 0.25mm and corresponding to the sedimentation cylinder into a data operation interface to obtain the content of the soil particles in each size fraction;
the name dividing module 7 is used for dividing the soil texture names by adopting an automatic manufacturing method of a soil texture triangular chart according to the content of soil particles in each size fraction;
and the data output module 8 is used for outputting the soil texture name to obtain a data processing result of soil detection.
In an embodiment of the data processing apparatus for soil detection, in the data receiving module 1, an image data file is obtained by using a camera, and the format of the image data file is one or more of jpg, png, tif and gif. In the data output module 8, the data processing result of the soil detection output by the soil texture name is stored in an Excel software format. In the range limiting module 4, the data types comprise a sedimentation cylinder number, a densimeter reading and a thermometer reading, the numerical range of the sedimentation cylinder number is 0-99, the numerical range of the densimeter reading is 0-60, and the numerical range of the thermometer reading is 0-35 ℃.
In one embodiment of the data processing device for soil detection, the device further comprises a data correction module 9, and the data correction module 9 corrects densitometer readings with thermometer readings according to a soil densitometer correction table.
In an embodiment of the data processing apparatus for soil detection, the data processing apparatus further includes a data reminding module 10, where the data reminding module 10 monitors a size of an image converted into a numerical value by the image data file, and reports an error when the converted numerical value exceeds a numerical value range limit.
The embodiment of the invention detects image data files through a series of soils in a sedimentation cylinder shot in a plurality of time acquisition sections and sorts the image data files according to time acquisition points, groups the image data files according to sedimentation cylinder sources, enables the image data files from the same sedimentation cylinder to form a sub file group, enables sub file groups of different time acquisition sections of the same sedimentation cylinder to form a total file group, limits the numerical value range of the image data files according to the included data types, extracts the sub file groups formed by the grouped image data files, converts the images of the image data files in each sub file group into numerical values, enables the numerical values extracted by the image data files of the same sedimentation cylinder to form an array, and performs data operation on a plurality of arrays formed by the readings of the same sedimentation cylinder of different time acquisition sections, obtaining a process numerical value, filling weight data obtained by drying and weighing particles larger than 0.25mm corresponding to the settling cylinder into a data operation interface to obtain the content of soil particles of each size fraction, dividing soil texture names by adopting an automatic manufacturing method of a soil texture triangular chart according to the content of the soil particles of each size fraction, outputting the soil texture names, and obtaining a data processing result of soil detection.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A data processing method for soil testing, comprising:
data reception: acquiring a series of soil detection image data files in a sedimentation cylinder shot in a plurality of time acquisition sections, and sequencing the image data files according to time acquisition points;
data grouping: grouping the image data files according to the source of the sedimentation cylinder, so that the image data files from the same sedimentation cylinder form a sub file group, and the sub file groups of the acquisition sections of the same sedimentation cylinder at different times form a total file group;
and (3) limiting the range: limiting the numerical range of the image data file according to the included data types;
data extraction: performing data extraction on sub-file groups formed by the grouped image data files, converting the image of the image data file in each sub-file group into a numerical value, and enabling the numerical values extracted from the image data files of the same sedimentation cylinder to form an array;
and (3) data operation: performing data operation on a plurality of arrays formed by the readings of the same sedimentation cylinder in different time acquisition sections to obtain a process value, and filling weight data obtained by drying and weighing particles larger than 0.25mm and corresponding to the sedimentation cylinder into a data operation interface to obtain the content of soil particles in each grade;
dividing names: dividing soil texture names by adopting an automatic manufacturing method of a soil texture triangular graph according to the content of soil particles of each size fraction;
and (3) data output: and outputting the soil texture name to obtain a data processing result of soil detection.
2. The data processing method for soil detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the image data file is obtained by a camera, and the format of the image data file is one or more of jpg, png, tif or gif;
and storing the data processing result of the soil detection output by the soil texture name into an Excel software format.
3. The data processing method for soil detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data types include a number of a settling drum, a densitometer reading and a thermometer reading, the number of the settling drum ranges from 0 to 99, the densitometer reading ranges from 0 to 60 and the thermometer reading ranges from 0 to 35 ℃.
4. A method of data processing for soil testing as claimed in claim 3 wherein the densitometer readings are corrected using thermometer readings in accordance with the soil densitometer calibration tables.
5. The data processing method for soil detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of the image data file converted into the numerical value is monitored, and when the converted numerical value exceeds the range limit of the numerical value, an error prompt is given.
6. The data processing method for soil detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein densitometry is adopted in the data operation process.
7. A data processing apparatus for soil testing, comprising:
the data receiving module is used for acquiring serial soil detection image data files in the sedimentation cylinder shot in a plurality of time acquisition sections;
the file sorting module is used for sorting the acquired image data files according to the time acquisition points;
the data grouping module is used for grouping the image data files according to the source of the sedimentation cylinder, so that the image data files from the same sedimentation cylinder form a sub file group, and the sub file groups of the acquisition sections of the same sedimentation cylinder at different times form a total file group;
the range limiting module is used for limiting the numerical range of the image data file according to the included data types;
the data extraction module is used for extracting data of sub-file groups formed by the grouped image data files, converting the image of the image data file in each sub-file group into a numerical value, and enabling the numerical values extracted from the image data files of the same sedimentation cylinder to form an array;
the data operation module is used for performing data operation on a plurality of arrays formed by the readings of the same sedimentation cylinder in different time acquisition sections to obtain a process value, and filling weight data obtained by drying and weighing particles larger than 0.25mm and corresponding to the sedimentation cylinder into a data operation interface to obtain the content of the soil particles in each grade;
the name dividing module is used for dividing the soil texture name by adopting an automatic manufacturing method of a soil texture triangular chart according to the content of soil particles in each size fraction;
and the data output module is used for outputting the soil texture name to obtain a data processing result of soil detection.
8. The data processing device for soil detection as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the data receiving module, an image data file is obtained by a camera, and the format of the image data file is one or more of jpg, png, tif or gif;
in the data output module, storing a data processing result of the soil detection output by the soil texture name into an Excel software format;
in the range limiting module, the data types comprise a sedimentation cylinder number, densimeter reading and thermometer reading, the numerical range of the sedimentation cylinder number is 0-99, the numerical range of the densimeter reading is 0-60, and the numerical range of the thermometer reading is 0-35 ℃.
9. The data processing apparatus for soil testing of claim 7, further comprising a data correction module that corrects densitometer readings with thermometer readings based on a soil densitometer correction table.
10. The data processing device for soil detection as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a data reminding module, wherein the data reminding module monitors the size of the image converted from the image data file into a numerical value, and gives an error warning when the converted numerical value exceeds a numerical value range limit.
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