CN109869633B - Gas supply system with safety protection function - Google Patents
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- CN109869633B CN109869633B CN201811610676.7A CN201811610676A CN109869633B CN 109869633 B CN109869633 B CN 109869633B CN 201811610676 A CN201811610676 A CN 201811610676A CN 109869633 B CN109869633 B CN 109869633B
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas supply system with a safety protection function, which comprises an Internet of things gas meter, a combustible gas detection probe, a gas appliance, a field alarm and an Internet of things network, wherein the Internet of things gas meter comprises a metering device, a control system and an overcurrent cutoff valve; when the cutoff value is reached, the data are transmitted to the management background through the Internet of things data transmission module, the management background makes a cutoff instruction to the valve cutoff control module through the Internet of things data transmission module, and the overcurrent cutoff valve is cut off. The intelligent gas supply system can judge and discriminate normal gas consumption and normal gas consumption, intelligently early warn abnormal conditions and close gas supply, and effectively avoid dangerous conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a safety protection system for a gas meter.
Background
The safety management problem is the first major important thing of a gas enterprise! The gas enterprise usually faces tens of thousands of terminal customers, especially residents with huge quantity, wide distribution and great management difficulty, because the factors influencing safe gas utilization by the client are extremely large, the situation is relatively complex, and in addition, part of the customers lack necessary safety common knowledge or even have slight safety consciousness, so that the deflagration safety accidents caused by various reasons such as leakage and the like appearing at the gas client are not few, and the loss is caused to users, society and gas companies.
How to effectively supervise the problem of safe gas use of gas customers? What kind of technology or means is adopted to improve the safety performance of the gas system in the residential building? The method is used for preventing or reducing the occurrence of gas accidents in the indoor environment of residential users, has complex and difficult tasks, and is one of the problems to be solved urgently at present.
The solution to this problem is derived from two aspects. Firstly, safety education, basic gas knowledge propaganda and training are carried out on a customer using gas, and the capability of correctly operating and using gas and performing emergency treatment is improved; on the other hand, the method is to improve the safety performance of the gas system in the residential building and the reliability of equipment implementation, and strive to achieve the condition of no accident. Based on the thought, the invention starts from the aspect of equipment facility hardware, and ensures that the gas facility in the house of the user is in a safe and controllable state by arranging some safety devices or adopting technical means, or can act quickly even if a safety risk occurs, thereby avoiding greater loss caused by accidents.
As is well known, the most common gas safety accidents in the residential building are mostly caused by the fact that gas leaks into the air and reaches the explosion limit when an ignition source is encountered. Leakage is the source, the mixing ratio of gas and air reaches the explosion limit, ignition sources such as open fire, electric spark and static electricity exist are the conditions, and the lack of the three is not all!
The accident of the gas facilities in the residents is avoided, and the source is blocked firstly, so that the leakage risk is eliminated completely. However, in the face of thousands of terminal customers, the leakage is caused by various reasons, and the leakage is complicated due to defect factors of equipment and facilities, problem factors left over by engineering construction quality, unreasonable material selection factors, long-term service life factors of the equipment and facilities, corrosion influence factors, personnel operation and disposal capacity factors and the like, so that complete solution of the leakage is difficult.
Then, since the occurrence of leakage is difficult to avoid, how can we detect this leakage in time by technical means at the early stage of the leakage (before the explosion limit is not entered or no ignition source appears), and take measures to cut off the gas source in time to stop the gas leakage and eliminate the risk? And the capital investment for such measures should not be too large to be operational based on existing facilities. It is on this basis that the solution of the invention is based.
1. Normal gas consumption of gas appliance
The gas consumption equipment in the residential user is generally classified into three types: stoves, water heaters, wall-mounted furnaces, and the like. Some users use one of them, some use two of them, and some use these three types of gas appliances.
The gas appliances (such as cooking utensils, water heaters and wall-mounted furnaces) normally burn (within a rated load) in a reasonable time period, consume certain gas, and are displayed, stored and transmitted through an indoor metering instrument (an internet of things gas meter). Under the normal working condition that the combustion state of the fuel gas is stable, the consumption is within the rated power range, and the normal fuel gas consumption is realized.
Typically, the domestic binocular range power is 3.8kw and 4.2 kw. The water heater is related to the capacity and rated power of the wall-hanging stove, and the water heater is 20kw for 10 liters. The maximum instantaneous gas consumption in the house, namely the gas consumption under the condition that all the gas appliances are used at the same time and the maximum load is simultaneously realized, can be reversely deduced through the quantity, the types and the total rated power of the gas appliances in the house of residents and considering the heat efficiency. Generally, if the instantaneous flow rate of the gas meter exceeds the value, the condition that abnormal gas consumption exists indoors can be considered as a risk condition.
2. Abnormal consumption of indoor gas
The above analysis shows that the consumption of the part of the normal combustion by the gas appliance is normal consumption. Obviously, all the gas consumption except the normal gas consumption of the gas appliance belongs to abnormal consumption. The invention aims to take corresponding measures after the abnormal consumption is correctly identified, eliminate risks and ensure safety.
The abnormal consumption of the resident user comprises two situations, namely, the consumption caused by leakage; secondly, the consumption of abnormal gas consumption of the gas appliance (energy utilization equipment).
(1) Abnormal consumption by leakage
1) Area with greatest indoor gas leakage risk
Leaks are the largest source of security risk in residential users and it is necessary to analyze them with emphasis. A typical residential gas supply schematic is shown in fig. 1 below, with five pointed stars indicating leakage risk points.
Generally, the leakage point is mostly generated at the rear part of the gas meter, and the abnormal consumption of the part can be reflected by the data of the metering instrument. If the Internet of things gas meter is adopted, the background charging system of the gas company can monitor the data in real time.
The main leakage risk points in the residential building are sequentially a meter gas outlet and a pipeline interface (position ((1) in the figure), a screw thread interface (position ((1)) in the figure) in the front of a valve at the tail end of a gas pipeline, a joint (position ((1)) between a valve (front valve) of a gas appliance) and a hose (rubber pipe)) in the figure 1, hoses (metal hoses, rubber pipes and the like) (position ((1)) connected with gas appliances (stoves, water heaters, wall-hanging furnaces and the like), a joint (position ((1)) between the hose and the gas appliances and a gas appliance interface (position) (w) in the figure 1), and a gas appliance body (position ((1)) in the figure 1.
2) Several typical cases of leakage
A volume type meter (such as a diaphragm meter) is generally used as a household gas meter, and any gas consumption after passing through the gas meter is measured by the gas meter. Of course, these consumption amounts include both normal and abnormal consumption of gas used when the gas appliance is used, and abnormal consumption amounts of gas leaking to the outside through the above-mentioned risk points.
The invention aims at the resident users who adopt the gas meter of the Internet of things, and all consumption (normal consumption, abnormal consumption and leakage) data after the meter, including information such as instantaneous flow, accumulated flow, date and time and the like, can be reflected and recorded on the gas meter of the Internet of things and simultaneously transmitted to a background management system of a gas company in real time.
What are typical leakage situations included in residential users?
a) The hose and the throat hoop at the joint of the overlock valve or the gas appliance are not provided with the throat hoop or are not tightly arranged (the third place and the fifth place), or the gas leakage caused by looseness caused by external force pulling, extrusion and other reasons: one of the characteristics is that the flow is constant within a certain time or even for a long time, which reflects that the instantaneous flow is small and basically constant in the meter; the development to the hose-off stage may result in a high flow rate.
b) The breakage (such as the biting and aging of the rubber hose by the mouse) or the falling of the hose causes the gas leakage (the position): the flow is constant within a certain time even for a long time, the early-stage instantaneous flow is small and basically constant, and the later-stage instantaneous flow is increased; the flow may be very high at some stage of the process.
c) Before overlock, air leaks from the joint of the hard tube screw thread (the second position): it features constant flow for a long time, reflecting that the instantaneous flow is small and basically constant in the meter.
3) Leakage of gas appliance body
a) The gas appliance causes the gas to leak into the air when the gas is not normally combusted on the appliance body due to the reasons of long quality or service life and the like, and is characterized in that the flow rate is constant within a certain time or even for a long time, and is reflected in the meter that the instantaneous flow rate is small and basically constant.
b) The abnormal consumption of gas appliances caused by the fact that the gas appliances such as the kitchen range, the water heater and the wall-mounted stove are not flameout protected or flameout protection devices are out of order. For example, after the stove is accidentally turned off, gas is not combusted and leaks for a long time (consumed when the stove is not fired), or the stove is combusted for a long time because a user forgets to close a valve, the flow rate of the gas is constant for a long time, and the gas is reflected in a meter that the instantaneous flow rate is large and basically constant. For example, the control ability of the water heater user is lost due to poisoning, and the water heater burns for a long time.
(2) Abnormal consumption of gas appliance
1) The stove (or the water heater infinite device) forgets to shut off fire or accidentally extinguishes fire in the use process and is not automatically cut off, so that long-time combustion or long-time leakage is caused. In this case the instantaneous flow of gas displayed in the gauge is large and constant.
2) The irregular installation of the water heater causes the oxygen deficiency poisoning of users or the loss of the ability of automatically turning off the water heater due to other reasons, thus causing the water heater to run and burn for a long time. In this case the instantaneous flow of gas displayed in the gauge is constant and consistent with the consumption of normal use conditions.
3. Discrimination between normal gas consumption and abnormal consumption
One of the key points of the invention is to correctly distinguish which data information and corresponding working condition are abnormal consumption, which is a working condition with great risk. The abnormal consumption working conditions comprise an over-flow working condition, namely the instantaneous flow on the gas meter of the Internet of things exceeds the flow data corresponding to the total rated power of all the gas meters in the room; meanwhile, the method also comprises a long-time constant flow working condition, namely the instantaneous flow on the gas meter of the Internet of things is constant as a fixed value for a long time, and the flow data cannot be consumed under the normal combustion working condition of the gas meter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provide an intelligent identification and protection gas supply system which integrates multiple safety functions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the fuel gas supply system with the safety protection function comprises:
the gas meter comprises a metering device, a control system, an overcurrent cutoff valve and a controller, wherein the metering device, the control system and the overcurrent cutoff valve are arranged in the gas meter of the Internet of things
A combustible gas detection probe arranged in a user home, the combustible gas detection probe detects the concentration of the combustible gas on site and sends a combustible gas concentration signal to a control system, and
at least one gas appliance comprising a shut-off protection shut-off solenoid valve, the switching signal of which is switched into the control system, and
a site alarm and an Internet of things network,
the control system is accessed into the background management system through an Internet of things network, the control system comprises a metering data receiving module, a combustible gas concentration signal receiving module, a risk judging module, an Internet of things data transmission module, a field early warning control module and a valve cutting control module of an overcurrent cutting valve, an abnormal excess flow consumption data early warning value and a cutting value, a combustible gas concentration early warning value and a cutting value are arranged in the risk judging module, when the gas use data collected by the metering device reaches the abnormal excess flow consumption data early warning value or the combustible gas concentration detected by a gas detection probe reaches the combustible gas concentration early warning value, the field early warning control module sends a warning instruction to a field alarm, and the field alarm sends out a warning; when the gas consumption data collected by the metering device reach the abnormal excess flow consumption data cut-off value or the gas concentration detected by the gas detection probe reaches the gas concentration cut-off value, the data are transmitted to the management background through the internet of things data transmission module, the management background makes a cut-off instruction to the valve cut-off control module through the internet of things data transmission module, and the valve is cut off in an overcurrent mode.
The abnormal excess flow consumption data comprise abnormal excess flow data, the abnormal excess flow data are converted into total gas consumption through heat conversion efficiency according to the total rated power of all gas appliances in the user, and the early warning value of the abnormal excess flow consumption data is less than or equal to 1.15 total gas consumption and less than or equal to 1.25 total gas consumption.
The abnormal super-flow consumption data also comprises constant super-flow and super-long data, and the constant super-long data is set according to time periods and local resident living habits.
The constant flow timeout data includes a length of time that the constant non-decreasing flow air usage time is greater than 4 hours.
The constant flow over-time data includes a time period of constant flow over 4 hours at night.
The constant flow rate timeout data includes a time period during which the constant gas usage time is 24 hours.
The abnormal excess flow consumption data early warning value is smaller than the cutoff value, and the combustible gas concentration early warning value is smaller than the cutoff value.
The intelligent gas supply system can judge and discriminate normal gas consumption and normal gas consumption, intelligently early warn abnormal conditions and close gas supply, and effectively avoid dangerous conditions. Especially for the modern society, how effectively avoid the indoor danger of single door alone even endanger whole public space under the condition that more and more pay attention to privacy space and privacy among neighborhoods gives effective solution. The scheme of the invention is simple, can be used for quickly, conveniently and effectively transforming the gas supply of newly constructed districts and the existing gas supply Internet of things, has strong feasibility and is suitable for popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prior art leakage risk point for a residential customer indoor gas supply system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the technical solution of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of gas supply of a gas system of a single cooker user according to a traditional scheme in the embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a single cooker user according to the technical scheme of the invention in the embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a kitchen gas supply system according to the conventional scheme of example 2;
fig. 6 is a gas supply system of a wall-hanging stove according to the conventional scheme of embodiment 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a kitchen gas supply scheme according to the present invention in example 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a gas supply scheme of a wall-hanging stove according to the present invention in embodiment 2;
the gas meter comprises a meter 100, a cooker 101, a water heater 102, a wall-mounted furnace 103, a combustible gas alarm device 104, an internet of things gas meter 105, a meter 105.1, a control system 105.2, an electromagnetic valve 105.3, a combustible gas detection probe 106, gas 107, a rubber tube 108, a setting value and setting condition 109, a flameout protection cut-off valve switching signal 110, an overcurrent cut-off valve 111, a safety cut-off valve 112, a combustible gas concentration signal 113, a prepayment cut-off 115 and a leakage linkage cut-off valve 116.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a gas supply system with a safety protection function, which comprises an Internet of things gas meter arranged in a user family, wherein the Internet of things gas meter comprises a metering device, a control system and an overcurrent cutoff valve; the system also comprises a combustible gas detection probe arranged in a user home, wherein the combustible gas detection probe detects the concentration of the combustible gas on site and sends a combustible gas concentration signal to the control system; the gas appliance comprises a flameout protection cut-off electromagnetic valve, and a switching signal of the flameout protection cut-off electromagnetic valve is connected into the control system; the system also comprises a site alarm and an Internet of things network.
The control system is accessed into the background management system through an Internet of things network, the control system comprises a metering data receiving module, a combustible gas concentration signal receiving module, a risk judging module, an Internet of things data transmission module, a field early warning control module and a valve cutting control module of an overcurrent cutting valve, an abnormal excess flow consumption data early warning value and a cutting value, a combustible gas concentration early warning value and a cutting value are arranged in the risk judging module, when the gas use data collected by the metering device reaches the abnormal excess flow consumption data early warning value or the combustible gas concentration detected by a gas detection probe reaches the combustible gas concentration early warning value, the field early warning control module sends a warning instruction to a field alarm, and the field alarm sends out a warning; when the gas consumption data collected by the metering device reach the abnormal excess flow consumption data cut-off value or the gas concentration detected by the gas detection probe reaches the gas concentration cut-off value, the data are transmitted to the management background through the internet of things data transmission module, the management background makes a cut-off instruction to the valve cut-off control module through the internet of things data transmission module, and the valve is cut off in an overcurrent mode.
The key point of the method is that how to discriminate abnormal super-flow consumption data comprises super-flow abnormal data and constant-flow super-time-length abnormal data.
(1) Abnormal consumption data-abnormal working condition of excess flow
1) For single stove client
And converting the heat conversion efficiency into the total gas consumption according to the rated power of the kitchen range in the user room, and properly amplifying the data by a point to be used as an over-flow abnormal working condition early warning set value.
The rated power of the common household double-eye cooking stove is 8kw, 1.0m is uniformly used3And h is used as an over-flow early warning set value of the client, once the instantaneous flow displayed on the gas meter achieves the over-flow early warning set value, the system gives out sound and light alarm, and meanwhile, a WeChat or short message warning is sent to the user through the background of the gas company to warn and guide the user to eliminate abnormal conditions.
The early warning value (1.0 m) is set according to the actual working condition3And/h) properly amplifying a point and then taking the amplified point as a set value for cutting off the excess flow abnormal working condition. For a single cooker user, 1.2m can be used3As an over-flow cut-off set-point for such customers, the system will close the solenoid valve to cut off the air supply once the instantaneous flow shown on the gas meter reaches this value. Meanwhile, a WeChat or short message warning is sent to the user through the background of the gas company, the user manually resets to recover gas supply after eliminating abnormal conditions, and the gas supply can also be recovered after being confirmed by the background system of the gas company.
2) For customers of' kitchen range and water heater
According to the total rated power of all gas appliances (range and water heater) used in the user room, after considering the heat conversion efficiency, the total gas consumption is converted, and the data is properly amplified by a point and is used as an over-flow abnormal working condition early warning set value.
For example, 3.0m is unified3And h is used as an over-flow early warning set value of the client, once the instantaneous flow displayed on the gas meter achieves the over-flow early warning set value, the system gives out sound and light alarm, and meanwhile, a WeChat or short message warning is sent to the user through the background of the gas company to warn and guide the user to eliminate abnormal conditions.
And the early warning value is properly amplified a little according to the actual working condition and then is used as a set value for cutting off the excess flow abnormal working condition. For example, for the user of "kitchen range + water heater", 3.2m3As an over-flow cut-off set-point for such customers, the system will close the solenoid valve once the instantaneous flow shown on the gas meter reaches this valueThe supply of the air source is cut off. Meanwhile, a WeChat or short message warning is sent to the user through the background of the gas company, the user manually resets to recover gas supply after eliminating abnormal conditions, and the gas supply can also be recovered after being confirmed by the background system of the gas company.
3) Simplified scheme for single cooker user and 'cooker + water heater' user
For simplicity, the two types of users (single cooker user, "cooker + water heater" user) can also be considered together and set to the same value.
For example, 3.0m3H and 3.2m3The instantaneous flow of the gas meter reaches 3.0m3H and 3.2m3And when the value is/h, the system pre-warns and closes the electromagnetic valve.
4) To install gas user of hanging stove equipment
The wall-mounted boiler is large in gas consumption, the total gas consumption is converted into the total gas consumption according to the total rated power of all gas appliances (a kitchen range, a water heater and a wall-mounted boiler) used in a user room after the heat conversion efficiency is considered, the data is properly amplified for a point and then is used as an early warning set value of an over-flow abnormal working condition, and the data is properly amplified for being used as a cut-off set value on the basis.
(2) Abnormal consumption state-constant flow over-time abnormal working condition
Except that the overflow condition is abnormal working condition and safe risk working condition, many leaks in resident family, especially the early stage of the emergence of leaking, the phenomenon that shows is that the gas flow through the gas meter does not have the overflow condition to appear, but invariable for a long time, very little even. Although not over-flowing, it is also a safety risk condition and a significant risk condition if not the consumption of normal combustion.
For the working condition without obvious superflow phenomenon, but the working condition is really abnormal consumption and is a dangerous working condition, and the problem is how to correctly judge?
It is known that the household gas consumption of residents is not likely to be constant in a flow rate for a long time, and even in the case of cooking soup with slow fire, the household gas consumption is not more than 4-5 hours. For another example, it is generally not possible to use a constant large flow of air for many hours or a constant small flow of air for more than 5 hours at night.
The situations are most likely caused by the leakage of a screw port interface, the breakage of a hose, the defect leakage of a gas appliance body and the like; the failure of the cut-off valve after the accidental flameout of the cooker can not close the gas in time, so that the gas is leaked without burning; or the user forgets to close the valve to cause the stove to be dry-burned; or the water heater user accidentally loses the ability to turn off the water heater, resulting in the water heater burning for a long time.
After the abnormal leakage or abnormal combustion working condition is identified, the abnormal leakage or abnormal combustion working condition is early warned and even cut-off operation is carried out, so that some safety accidents can be avoided. Of course, the setting conditions of such working conditions are determined according to local gas consumption habits of residents, and cannot be cut at a time.
(3) Major risk condition analysis and judgment
The invention introduces flameout protection control valve signals (opening and closing position signals) of all gas appliances (energy utilization equipment) in a residential user and combustible gas detector probe signals (concentration data information) into a control system in the gas meter of the Internet of things. When one of the following conditions occurs, the system starts to give an early warning, and if the condition is further worsened or is not controlled, the valve is closed to cut off the air supply.
1) When all the energy consumption equipment flameout protection valves are in a closed state, namely all the gas appliances do not use gas, if the gas consumption is displayed on the metering gauge, the gas leakage is indicated, and the abnormal leakage working condition is established.
2) The gas appliance is in use, namely when the flameout protection valve of the energy equipment is in an open state, the consumption (instantaneous flow) of the metering gauge is far greater than the total rated flow of the gas appliance in operation, and the gas appliance belongs to an over-flow abnormal working condition.
3) The gas appliance works for an over-long time, for example, continuous gas consumption for over 12 hours, and the instantaneous flow is basically constant and unchanged, which indicates that the gas appliance does not normally operate, for example, a customer forgets to turn off a stove and a water heater, or a user loses the control capability, and the like, and belongs to an abnormal consumption working condition.
4) Constant gas consumption is always achieved in 24 hours or 0: 00-6: 00 time periods, and the situation that leakage exists is indicated.
5) The household gas leakage alarm detects that gas is leaked and reaches a certain value.
6) The instantaneous flow is higher than the total rated heat load of the energy utilization equipment or the upper range limit of the gauge, which indicates that the conditions of pipeline, particularly hose rupture, disconnection and the like can exist, and obviously is an abnormal working condition.
7) The background system detects other abnormal conditions.
(4) Technical implementation scheme of multifunctional safety early warning and cut-off system
Through the analysis, normal gas consumption and abnormal over-flow consumption data in a residential customer room are distinguished from abnormal risk working conditions by means of a big data system, and flameout protection control valve signals (on and off position signals) and combustible gas detector probe signals (concentration data information) of all gas appliances (energy utilization equipment) in the residential customer room are introduced into a control system in the Internet of things gas meter according to the technical scheme of the invention, wherein in the control system: 1) setting an abnormal excess flow consumption data early warning value and a cutoff value; 2) the concentration early warning value and the cutoff value of the combustible gas monitoring probe; 3) the invention discloses a system for early warning in time, and the system can avoid or reduce accident loss by closing an electromagnetic valve and cutting off gas supply if the condition is further deteriorated or not controlled and processed.
According to the risk development trend, management is carried out in two stages: early warning and then cutting off! According with the early warning condition, the system sends words, data and even image information early warning to related personnel, sends an audible and visual warning signal on site, and timely eliminates dangerous working conditions after the client receives the early warning information; if the situation is further worsened or the control processing is not performed and the cutoff condition is reached, the system operates to close the solenoid valve to ensure safety.
After the fault or abnormal condition is eliminated, the gas-fired boiler can be manually recovered after the user confirms that the fault or abnormal condition is not correct, and can also intervene (cut off and recover) through a background system of the gas company.
The technical scheme of the invention is shown in the following figure 2. Once the system enters the early warning stage, the data transmission system of the gas meter of the internet of things is awakened and finishes dormancy, and data information is frequently transmitted to the background, so that the system is beneficial to timely processing of background workers of a gas company according to the data information, risk control is strived to avoid accidents, meanwhile, the accident occurrence process is conveniently and correctly analyzed afterwards, the reason is analyzed and searched, the experience is summarized, and the safety management level is improved.
Example 1:
a certain resident client in the south only uses a double-hole gas cooker, the kitchen area is 6 square meters, the floor height is 2.8 meters, a water heater and a wall-mounted furnace are not installed, and the volume of the kitchen space is about 16 cubic meters.
According to the conventional scheme, the user installs a set of independent combustible gas alarm device 104 with a solenoid valve 112 and a combustible gas detection probe 106, an overcurrent cutoff valve 111, an internet of things gas meter 105, a binocular cooker 101 and a corresponding gas supply system, as shown in fig. 3.
Experimental tests and analysis show that:
1) and natural leakage rate of a leakage point behind the meter: in general, the natural leakage quantity of gas meters, valves, stoves and the like is small and is 0.02m3About/h, the lower explosion limit of the natural gas is calculated according to 5 percent, and the minimum gas volume reaching the explosion limit is 0.8m3It takes 40 hours; the leakage caused by loose or loose screw and hose joints or loose installation is generally 0.04m3～0.1m3The explosion limit is also generally reached at least over 8 hours.
2) Leakage caused by falling of the hose: after the hose is fallen off, the leakage quantity of gas is related to the length and caliber of front end pipeline, and the test shows that the flow rate of natural gas can be up to 8.0m3Above/h, the lower explosion limit can be reached quickly, and deflagration, fire or explosion can occur once a fire source appears.
3) And the maximum gas consumption of the double-hole kitchen range: the total load of the double-hole kitchen range is about 8.0kw, the maximum gas consumption is 1.0m when the two cooking ranges are used simultaneously by considering the factor of heat efficiency3And about/h.
4) Maximum consumption of water heater and wall-hanging stove: depending on its rated power, it can be derived by simple conversion.
The technical implementation scheme of the invention is as follows:
1. setting parameters and technical conditions
1) The user only needs to install one gas meter 105 of the internet of things, one double-eye cooker 101, a corresponding gas supply system and a combustible gas detection probe 106.
2) And introducing two flameout protection cut-off valve switching signals 110 of the double-eye cooker and a combustible gas concentration signal 113 of a combustible gas detection probe into a control system 105.2 of the gas meter of the Internet of things.
3) 1.0m3The/h is used as an abnormal consumption data early warning set value of the system; 1.1m3And/h is used as a cutting set value.
4) Setting the constant flow (within the variation range of +/-5.0%) of the gas meter tool passing through the Internet of things for 5 hours as a safety abnormal working condition early warning setting condition; the constant flow (within the variation range of +/-5.0%) of the gas meter tool passing through the Internet of things within 5.2 hours is set as the safety abnormal working condition cut-off setting condition.
5) Taking the volume fraction of 1.0% of natural gas monitored by a combustible gas detection probe as an early warning set value; and taking the volume fraction of 3.0% of the natural gas monitored by the combustible gas detection probe as a cut-off set value.
The schematic diagram of the technical scheme is shown in fig. 4.
2. System early warning and cut-off
1) As long as the flow through the gas meter of the Internet of things reaches 1.0m3The kitchen can be provided with early warning prompt-audible and visual alarm prompt on site; background management system for simultaneous gas companyThe kitchen natural gas is informed to the user through sending information such as WeChat, short message and the like, so that the user is guided to adopt a correct mode to process, and risks are eliminated.
2) When the flow reaches 1.1m3And when the pressure exceeds the set pressure, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve 105.3 in the gas meter of the Internet of things, and the gas supply is cut off. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
3) When the flow of the gas meter through the Internet of things is constant (the variation range is within +/-5.0 percent) for more than 5 hours, an early warning prompt-a sound and light alarm prompt is sent out on site in a kitchen; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks.
4) And when the flow passing through the gas meter of the Internet of things is constant (the variation range is within +/-5.0%) and exceeds 5.2 hours, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve in the gas meter of the Internet of things and cuts off the gas supply. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
5) When the volume fraction of the natural gas monitored by the combustible gas detection probe reaches 1.0%, an early warning prompt is given in the kitchen, namely an audible and visual alarm prompt is given on site; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks.
6) And when the volume fraction of the natural gas monitored by the combustible gas detection probe reaches 3.0%, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve in the gas meter of the Internet of things, and the gas supply is cut off. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
7) Under the condition that 2 flameout protection cut-off valves of the double-eye cooker are in a closed state (gas is not used), if the gas meter has flow display and continuously exceeds 1 minute, an early warning prompt is given in a kitchen, and a sound-light alarm prompt is given on site; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks. When the continuous time exceeds 1.5 minutes, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve in the gas meter of the Internet of things and cuts off the gas supply. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
Example 2:
a certain resident client in the north uses a double-eye gas cooker 101 and a 10L gas instantaneous water heater 102, is measured by an Internet of things gas meter 105, is installed in a kitchen, and has the kitchen area of 6 square meters, the floor height of 2.8 meters and the kitchen space volume of about 16 cubic meters.
In addition, a 35kw gas wall-mounted furnace 103 is installed for heating in winter, and is measured by another G2.5 internet of things gas meter 105, and is installed on a balcony with the volume of 12 cubic meters.
According to the traditional scheme, the user needs to install two sets of independent leakage linkage cut-off electromagnetic valves 116, a combustible gas alarm device 117 of 2 combustible gas detection probes, 2 overcurrent cut-off valves 111, 2 internet of things gas meters 105, a double-eye cooker 101, a gas water heater 102, a wall-mounted gas furnace 103 and a corresponding gas supply system respectively, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.
Experimental tests and analysis show that:
1) and natural leakage rate of a leakage point behind the meter: in general, the natural leakage quantity of gas meters, valves, stoves and the like is small and is 0.02m3About/h, the lower explosion limit of the natural gas is calculated according to 5 percent, and the minimum gas volume reaching the explosion limit is 0.8m3It takes 40 hours; the leakage caused by loose or loose screw and hose joints or loose installation is generally 0.04m3～0.1m3The explosion limit is also generally reached at least over 8 hours.
2) Leakage caused by falling of the hose: after the hose falls off, the leakage amount of the fuel gas is related to the length and the caliber of the front end pipeline,tests show that the natural gas flow rate can reach 8.0m after the indoor hose of a common residential user falls off3Above/h, the lower explosion limit can be reached quickly, and deflagration, fire or explosion can occur once a fire source appears.
3) And the maximum gas consumption of the double-hole kitchen range: the total load of the double-hole kitchen range is about 8.0kw, the maximum gas consumption is 1.0m when the two cooking ranges are used simultaneously by considering the factor of heat efficiency3And about/h.
4) Maximum consumption of water heater and wall-hanging stove: depending on its rated power, it can be derived by simple conversion. The load of a 10-liter water heater is 20kw, and the maximum gas consumption is 2.5m considering the heat efficiency factor3And about/h. The load of the wall-mounted boiler is 35kw, the maximum fuel gas consumption is 4.0m in consideration of the heat efficiency3And about/h.
The technical implementation scheme of the invention is as follows:
1. setting parameters and technical conditions
The user only needs to install 2 gas meters 105 of the internet of things, a double-eye cooker 101, a water heater 102, a wall-hanging stove 103, a corresponding gas supply system and 2 combustible gas detection probes 106.
(1) Technical implementation scheme of gas supply system of kitchen stove water heater
1) And introducing flameout protection cut-off valve switching signals 110 of two cooking holes of the double-hole cooking range 101, flameout protection cut-off valve switching signals 110 of the water heater and combustible gas concentration detection signals 113 of the kitchen combustible gas detection probe into a kitchen Internet of things gas meter control system.
2) 3.2m3The,/h is used as an abnormal consumption data (over-current) early warning set value of the kitchen gas system; 3.5m3And/h is used as a cutting set value.
3) Setting the constant flow (within the variation range of +/-5.0%) of the gas meter for 5 hours passing through the kitchen Internet of things as a safety abnormal working condition early warning setting condition; the constant flow rate (within a variation range of ± 5.0%) for 5.2 hours passing through the kitchen gas meter was set as the safety abnormal condition cutoff setting condition.
4) Taking the volume fraction of 1.0% of natural gas monitored by a kitchen combustible gas detection probe as an early warning set value; and taking the volume fraction of 3.0% of the natural gas monitored by the combustible gas detection probe as a cut-off set value.
The schematic diagram of the technical scheme is shown in fig. 7.
(2) Technical implementation scheme of balcony wall-mounted furnace gas supply system
1) And introducing a flameout protection cut-off valve switching signal 110 of the wall-mounted furnace and a combustible gas concentration detection signal 113 of the balcony combustible gas detection probe into a balcony Internet of things gas meter control system.
2) 3.6m3The,/h is used as an abnormal consumption data (over-current) early warning set value of the balcony gas system; 3.8m3And/h is used as a cutting set value.
3) Setting the constant flow (within the variation range of +/-5.0%) of the gas meter for 5 hours passing through the balcony internet of things as a safety abnormal working condition early warning setting condition; the constant flow rate (within a variation range of ± 5.0%) for 5.2 hours passing through the kitchen gas meter was set as the safety abnormal condition cutoff setting condition.
4) Taking the natural gas volume fraction 1.0% monitored by the balcony combustible gas detection probe as an early warning set value; and taking the volume fraction of 3.0% of the natural gas monitored by the combustible gas detection probe as a cut-off set value.
The schematic diagram of the technical scheme is shown in fig. 8.
2. System early warning and cut-off
(1) Gas supply system of kitchen range water heater
1) As long as the flow through the kitchen Internet of things gas meter reaches 3.2m3The kitchen can be provided with early warning prompt-audible and visual alarm prompt on site; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks.
2) When the flow reaches 3.5m3And when the pressure exceeds the set pressure, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve 105.3 in the gas meter of the Internet of things, and the gas supply is cut off. To be confirmed by userAfter risk removal, the gas supply is restored by manual reset or by opening the electromagnetic valve at the background of the gas company.
3) When the flow of the gas meter through the Internet of things is constant (the variation range is within +/-5.0 percent) for more than 5 hours, an early warning prompt-a sound and light alarm prompt is sent out on site in a kitchen; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks.
4) And when the flow passing through the gas meter of the Internet of things is constant (the variation range is within +/-5.0%) and exceeds 5.2 hours, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve 105.3 in the gas meter of the Internet of things, and the gas supply is cut off. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
5) When the volume fraction of the natural gas monitored by the kitchen combustible gas detection probe reaches 1.0%, an early warning prompt-a sound-light alarm prompt is sent out on site in the kitchen; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks.
6) And when the volume fraction of the natural gas monitored by the kitchen combustible gas detection probe reaches 3.0%, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve 105.3 in the Internet of things gas meter, and the gas supply is cut off. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
7) When 2 flameout protection cut-off valve switching signals of the double-eye stove and 2 flameout protection cut-off valve switching signals of the water heater are both in a closed state (gas is not used), if a kitchen gas meter has flow display and continuously exceeds 1 minute, an early warning prompt is given in a kitchen, namely a sound-light alarm prompt is given on site; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks. When the continuous time exceeds 1.5 minutes, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve in the gas meter of the Internet of things and cuts off the gas supply. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
(2) Balcony wall-mounted furnace gas supply system
1) As long as the flow through the balcony internet of things gas meter reaches 3.6m3The Internet of things gas meter on the balcony has early warning prompt, namely, the on-site audible and visual alarm prompt is sent out; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks.
2) When the flow reaches 3.8m3And when the pressure exceeds the preset pressure, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve in the gas meter of the Internet of things and cuts off the gas supply. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
3) When the flow of the gas meter through the Internet of things is constant (the variation range is within +/-5.0 percent) for more than 5 hours, the balcony can give an early warning prompt, namely a sound-light alarm prompt is sent out on site; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks.
4) And when the flow passing through the gas meter of the Internet of things is constant (the variation range is within +/-5.0%) and exceeds 5.2 hours, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve in the gas meter of the Internet of things and cuts off the gas supply. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
5) When the volume fraction of the natural gas monitored by the balcony combustible gas detection probe reaches 1.0%, the balcony Internet of things gas meter has an early warning prompt, namely, sends out an audible and visual alarm prompt on site; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company sends information such as WeChat and short message to inform a user that abnormal natural gas in the kitchen occurs, so as to guide the user to adopt a correct mode for processing and eliminate risks.
6) And when the volume fraction of the natural gas monitored by the balcony combustible gas detection probe reaches 3.0%, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve 105.3 in the Internet of things gas meter, and the gas supply is cut off. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
7) When the switching signal of the flameout protection cutoff valve of the wall-mounted furnace is in a closed state (gas is not used), if the flow is displayed on the balcony gas meter and continuously exceeds 1 minute, the balcony Internet of things gas meter has an early warning prompt, namely, sends out a sound-light alarm prompt on site; meanwhile, the background management system of the gas company informs the user of the abnormal natural gas condition through sending information such as WeChat, short message and the like, and guides the user to adopt a correct mode for processing, so that risks are eliminated. When the continuous time exceeds 1.5 minutes, the system automatically closes the electromagnetic valve 105.3 in the gas meter of the Internet of things and cuts off the gas supply. After confirming and eliminating the risk for the user, manually resetting and recovering the gas supply, or starting the electromagnetic valve through the background of the gas company to recover the gas supply.
Claims (5)
1. A gas supply system with a safety protection function, characterized by comprising:
the gas meter comprises a metering device, a control system, an overcurrent cutoff valve and a controller, wherein the metering device, the control system and the overcurrent cutoff valve are arranged in the gas meter of the Internet of things
A combustible gas detection probe arranged in a user home, the combustible gas detection probe detects the concentration of the combustible gas on site and sends a combustible gas concentration signal to a control system, and
at least one gas appliance comprising a shut-off protection shut-off solenoid valve, the switching signal of which is switched into the control system, and
a site alarm and an Internet of things network,
the control system is accessed into the background management system through an Internet of things network, the control system comprises a metering data receiving module, a combustible gas concentration signal receiving module, a risk judging module, an Internet of things data transmission module, a field early warning control module and a valve cutting control module of an overcurrent cutting valve, an abnormal excess flow consumption data early warning value and a cutting value, a combustible gas concentration early warning value and a cutting value are arranged in the risk judging module, when the gas use data collected by the metering device reaches the abnormal excess flow consumption data early warning value or the combustible gas concentration detected by a gas detection probe reaches the combustible gas concentration early warning value, the field early warning control module sends a warning instruction to a field alarm, and the field alarm sends out a warning; when the gas consumption data collected by the metering device reaches the abnormal excess flow consumption data cut-off value or the gas concentration detected by the gas detection probe reaches the gas concentration cut-off value, the data is transmitted to the management background through the Internet of things data transmission module, the management background makes a cut-off instruction to the valve cut-off control module through the Internet of things data transmission module to cut off the overcurrent cut-off valve,
the abnormal excess flow consumption data comprise abnormal excess flow data and constant excess flow length data, the abnormal excess flow data are converted into total gas consumption through heat conversion efficiency according to the total rated power of all gas appliances in a user, and the early warning value of the abnormal excess flow consumption data is less than or equal to 1.15 total gas consumption and less than or equal to 1.25 total gas consumption; the constant flow rate overtime data is set according to the time period and the living habits of local residents.
2. The gas supply system with a safety protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the constant flow timeout data includes a length of time that the constant non-decreasing flow air usage time is greater than 4 hours.
3. The gas supply system with a safety protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the constant flow over-time data includes a time period of constant flow over 4 hours at night.
4. The gas supply system with a safety protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the constant flow rate timeout data includes a time period during which the constant gas usage time is 24 hours.
5. The gas supply system with a safety protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the abnormal excess flow consumption data early warning value is smaller than the cutoff value, and the combustible gas concentration early warning value is smaller than the cutoff value.
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| CN110488719A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-22 | 北京市燃气集团有限责任公司 | Valve Control management system and method are closed in combustion gas |
| CN110887537A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-03-17 | 浙江威星智能仪表股份有限公司 | Gas safety detection method for gas |
| CN110956409B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-10-09 | 北方工业大学 | Community gas equipment risk control method and device |
| CN112229978A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 福建中科惠创科技有限公司 | Intelligent gas detection control system using normally closed gas cut-off valve |
| CN112907907A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-04 | 海宁新奥燃气发展有限公司 | Wireless remote transmission linkage cutting-off method for household gas alarm of Internet of things |
| CN113506430B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-12 | 杭州先锋电子技术股份有限公司 | Intelligent gas meter safety detection method |
| CN113703381B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-11 | 四川高诚物联网科技有限公司 | Gas alarm safety data acquisition method and terminal based on Internet of things |
| CN114673932A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-28 | 威海同天信息科技有限公司 | Method for guaranteeing gas safety by setting flow forbidden interval |
| CN115076610B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-12-15 | 北京市燃气集团有限责任公司 | Automatic cutting device for natural gas leakage |
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