Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of discomfort and classification of driving characteristics of drivers caused by incapability of distinguishing driving habits of different drivers by a driving assistance system in the prior art, and provides an online calibration test bed for driver driving data acquisition.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the on-line calibration test bed for the driving data acquisition of the driver comprises an analog output system, an operation control system and a data acquisition system;
the simulation output system comprises an experiment host and a fixed platform;
the control system comprises a pedal, a G29 steering wheel and a steering wheel fixing bracket; wherein: the pedal comprises an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal;
the data acquisition system comprises an accelerator pedal displacement sensor integrated on an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal displacement sensor integrated on a brake pedal and a steering wheel angle sensor integrated on a G29 steering wheel;
The simulation output system is arranged on a foundation through a fixed platform, other parts of the simulation output system are arranged on the right side of the fixed platform, an accelerator pedal displacement sensor and a brake pedal displacement sensor are arranged on the fixed platform below a steering wheel fixed bracket through pedals, and a steering wheel angle sensor is arranged on the steering wheel fixed bracket through a G29 steering wheel; the control system is arranged at the left side of the fixed platform; the output ends of the accelerator pedal displacement sensor, the brake pedal displacement sensor and the steering wheel angle sensor are respectively connected with the experimental host machine through assembly lines.
The analog output system in the technical scheme also comprises an annular display screen, an annular display screen fixing bracket, 2 audio output systems with the same structure, a first bolt group and a VR helmet; the annular display screen fixed bolster install the center department on the right side of fixed platform, annular display screen adopts first bolt group and carries out screw thread fastening connection with the upper end of annular display screen fixed bolster, the audio output system that 2 structures are the same is installed on annular display screen left fixed platform, and place around annular display screen both ends symmetrically, experimental host arranges on the fixed platform of annular display screen fixed bolster rear end, experimental host passes through VGA line and is connected with annular display screen, experimental host passes through the audio line and is connected with the audio output system that 2 structures are the same, VR helmet during operation wears on driver's head, VR helmet passes through high definition data line HDMI line with experimental host and is connected.
The steering control system in the technical scheme also comprises a seat, a second bolt group and 2 steering wheel clamps with the same structure; wherein: the second bolt group comprises 2 long bolts with the same structure; the G29 steering wheel adopts 2 long bolts with the same structure and 2 steering wheel clamps with the same structure to be installed on the top end of the steering wheel fixing support, 2 steering wheel clamps with the same structure are installed on 2 long bolts with the same structure in a clamping mode, the two long bolts are in threaded fastening connection, the steering wheel clamps are attached to the bottom end face of the middle flat plate of the upper cavity shell of the steering wheel fixing support, the G29 steering wheel 6 is attached to the top end face of the middle flat plate of the upper cavity shell of the steering wheel fixing support, the fixing effect is achieved, the distance between the steering wheel fixing support and the annular display screen is 95 cm to 105 cm, the pedals are arranged on the fixing platform below the steering wheel fixing support, and the seat is arranged on the left side of the steering wheel fixing support.
The steering wheel fixing support comprises 4 arc-shaped support columns with the same structure, an upper cavity shell, a lower cavity shell, a third bolt group and a long pin; the lower edges of the flat plates at the two sides of the upper cavity shell are provided with 1 threaded hole and 1 long pin hole, and the top plate of the upper cavity shell, namely the rear end of the middle flat plate, namely the edge on the same side as the 2 threaded holes on the flat plates at the two sides is provided with 2 threaded holes with the same structure; the rear end edge of the flat plates at two sides of the lower cavity shell is provided with 2 lower threaded holes with the same structure, the front end edge of the flat plates at two sides of the lower cavity shell is provided with 1 lower long pin hole, the distances between the 2 lower threaded holes with the same structure and the lower long pin hole are equal, and the lower long pin hole and the long pin hole of the upper cavity shell are identical in structure and are aligned; the top ends of the 4 arc-shaped support columns with the same structure are vertically and fixedly connected with four corners of the bottom surface of the lower cavity shell, long pins are inserted into the lower long pin holes of the flat plates at the two sides of the lower cavity shell and the long pin holes of the flat plates at the two sides of the upper cavity shell, and the upper cavity shell is rotationally connected with the lower cavity shell; and the third bolt group is adopted, and the upper cavity shell and the lower cavity shell are fixedly connected through threaded holes in the upper cavity shell and the lower cavity shell and threaded holes in the lower cavity shell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The on-line calibration test bed for the driving data acquisition of the driver has a simple structure, and all the components are detachably connected, so that the relative positions of all the components can be conveniently adjusted according to the driving characteristics of different drivers;
2. the online calibration test bed for the driving data acquisition of the driver, disclosed by the invention, is reasonable in distance among all parts by referring to the driving habit of the current driver, is convenient for the driver to drive, and is beneficial to acquiring correct driving data.
3. The on-line calibration test bed for the driving data acquisition of the driver adopts the CarSim vehicle dynamics simulation software, and based on the numerical simulation principle of physical modeling and both accuracy and high efficiency, various environments and working conditions of the driving of the automobile are simulated by using an advanced virtual reality technology, so that more real driving experience can be provided for the driver.
4. The on-line calibration test bed for the driving data acquisition of the driver is free from the limitation of the real vehicle data acquisition, can simulate more complicated and even dangerous working conditions under safer conditions, and can reflect the driving characteristics of the driver under extreme conditions.
5. The on-line calibration test bed for the driving data acquisition of the driver gets rid of the traditional mode of directly stimulating the body feeling of the driver under physical conditions, adopts the mode of stimulating the vision and the hearing, completes the acquisition work of the driving characteristic data of the driver, and is easier to operate.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the on-line calibration test stand for driver driving data acquisition according to the present invention includes an analog output system, a manipulation control system and a data acquisition system.
The simulation output system comprises an annular display screen 1, an annular display screen fixing support 2, 2 audio output systems 3 with the same structure, an experiment host 8, a first bolt group 9, a VR helmet 12 and a fixing platform 13.
The annular display screen 1 is a 55-inch curved surface television annular display screen with the model of TCL D55A9C manufactured by TCL group and company Limited;
the 2 audio output systems 3 with the same structure adopt Edifier/walker R101V;
The first bolt group 9 comprises 6 bolts with the specification of GB/T65-5782M 8x10 and 6 plain washers with the specification of GB/T97.1M8;
The experimental host 8 mainly runs vehicle dynamics simulation software CarSim and algorithm development software Matlab to control a vehicle dynamics model;
The VR headset 12 is a type of sony VR PS4PSVR headset that seeks to achieve a more realistic driving experience. The working principle is that when a tester looks at the front annular display screen 1 on the driving simulator, the obtained images are slightly different due to the different positions of the two eyes, and the images are fused in the brain to form an integral scene about the surrounding world, and the scene comprises the information of distance and distance, so that the driving experience is more real. Among them, binocular stereoscopic vision plays a great role. The different images seen by the two eyes of the tester are generated respectively, one eye can only see the odd frame image, the other eye can only see the even frame image, and the difference between the odd frame and the even frame, namely parallax, generates a stereoscopic effect. Through the enlarged annular display screen technology, an enlarged local virtual time scene can be displayed in front of the eyes of a tester, the display view angle is about 90-110 degrees, and in the display range, a real-time stereoscopic image is mainly generated through the three-dimensional engine technology. The voice in the driving process is simulated through the audio system, so that the driving experience of a tester is enhanced. The VR helmet 12 is worn on the head of the driver during operation, so that a virtual simulation effect is obtained, and the VR helmet 12 is connected with the experimental host 8 through a high-definition data line HDMI (high-definition multimedia interface) line.
The fixed platform 13 is a non-standard part and is a large flat plate for supporting each object thereon, and plays a supporting role.
Referring to fig. 5, the annular display screen 1 is fastened and connected with the upper end of the annular display screen fixing support 2 by adopting the first bolt group 9, and the annular display screen 1 is arranged at the center of the right side of the fixing platform 13 through the annular display screen fixing support 2 so as to ensure that the analog image output by the annular display screen 1 is close to the visual angle in actual driving, and 2 audio output systems 3 with the same structure are arranged at the left side of the annular display screen 1 and symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the annular display screen 1, so that stereo sound effect is output and used for simulating the sound in actual driving; the experimental host 8 is arranged at one end on the right side of the fixed platform 13, or the experimental host 8 is arranged on the fixed platform 13 at one end of the annular display screen fixed support 2, the experimental host 8 is connected with the annular display screen 1 through VGA wires, the VGA wires are data wires for connecting the annular display screen 1 and the experimental host 8 to transmit analog signals and output analog working condition videos, the experimental host 8 is connected with the audio output system 3 with the same structure through an audio connecting wire, one end of the audio connecting wire is connected with an audio output interface of the experimental host 8, and the other end of the audio connecting wire is connected with an audio interface of the audio output system and outputs analog working condition audios.
The steering control system comprises a pedal 4, a seat 5, a G29 steering wheel 6, a steering wheel fixing bracket 7 and a steering wheel clamp 11 with the same structure as 2 of a second bolt group 10.
Wherein: the pedal 4 comprises an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal; the second bolt group 10 comprises 2 long bolts with the same structure;
The G29 steering wheel 6 and the pedal 4 adopt G29DRIVING FORCE steering wheel and pedal that swiss company's compass production, G29 steering wheel 6 is placed on steering wheel fixed bolster 7, pedal 4 is placed under steering wheel fixed bolster 7, G29 steering wheel 6 adopts two motor FORCE feedback technique, pedal 4 adopts the design of lower supporting spring, can simulate the FORCE feedback effect of steering wheel and pedal in actual DRIVING process, more effective reaction simulate the difference that the driver who the difference of operating condition led to in DRIVING process brought differently, and then optimize the FORCE feedback experience in the DRIVING process, further improve data acquisition's accuracy.
The driving seat 5 is an SX4 front seat assembly produced by Changan Suzuki, and the angle of a seat back can be adjusted to meet the driving habit of a driver, so that the accuracy of data acquisition is improved.
The steering wheel fixing bracket 7 consists of 4 arc-shaped supporting columns with the same structure, 2U-shaped cavity shells (an upper cavity shell and a lower cavity shell), a third bolt group 14 and a long pin 15;
the arc support column with the same structure is a non-standard component, 2U-shaped cavity shells comprise an upper cavity shell at the top end and a lower cavity shell at the bottom end according to the position relationship, 1M 12 threaded holes and 1 long pin hole are formed in the lower edge of a flat plate at the two sides of the upper cavity shell, 2M 12 threaded holes with the same structure are formed in the rear end of a top plate, namely the rear end of a middle flat plate, namely the edge of the same side with the 2M 12 threaded holes at the two sides, 2M 12 threaded holes with the same structure are formed in the rear end edge of a flat plate at the two sides of the lower cavity shell, 1 lower long pin hole is formed in the front end edge of the flat plate at the two sides of the lower cavity shell, the distance between the 2M 12 threaded holes with the same structure and the lower long pin hole is equal, and the lower long pin hole is on the other (front) side and corresponds to the position of the long pin hole of the upper cavity shell. The long pin is inserted into the long pin holes of 2U-shaped shells, so that the positioning function is achieved, the 2U-shaped cavity shells can rotate around the long pin in an angular displacement manner, in the rotating process, M12 threaded holes of the upper cavity shells are matched with 2M 12 threaded holes of the lower cavity shells at 2 different angles, the 2 cavity shells form threaded fastening connection through the third bolt group 14, and the steering wheel fixing support is integrally provided with two different shapes, so that the steering wheel fixing support is suitable for different shapes and driving habits of different drivers. The steering wheel fixing bracket 7 is used for supporting the G29 steering wheel 6 and is placed on the pedal 4;
the second bolt group 10 comprises 2 bolts with the specification of GB/T65-5782M 12x10, 2 hexagonal nuts with the specification of GB/T41M12 and 2 plain washers with the specification of GB/T97.1-140 HV.
The steering wheel clamp 11 comprises 2 steering wheel clamps with the same structure, one side is a tip, the other side is an arc end, each steering wheel clamp is provided with an M12 threaded hole, and the transition part of the tip and the arc end, namely the part where the M12 threaded hole is located, is of equal thickness;
The third bolt group 14 comprises 2 bolts with the specification of GB/T65-5782M 12x10, 2 hexagonal nuts with the specification of GB/T41M12 and 2 plain washers with the specification of GB/T97.1-140 HV;
the long pin 15 is a long pin with the length of 400-600 mm and is used for positioning and connecting two cavity shells of the steering wheel fixing bracket 7;
Referring to fig. 4, the lower end of the G29 steering wheel 6 is provided with 2M 12 threaded holes from the middle plate of the upper cavity casing of the steering wheel fixing support 7, 2M 12 threaded holes are provided on the middle plate of the upper cavity casing of the steering wheel fixing support 7, 1M 12 threaded hole is provided on each of the 2 steering wheel clamps 11, the G29 steering wheel 6, the middle plate of the upper cavity casing of the steering wheel fixing support 7 and the steering wheel clamps 11 form threaded fastening connection through the second bolt group 10, the steering wheel clamps 11 are attached to the bottom end surface of the middle plate of the upper cavity casing of the steering wheel fixing support 7, the G29 steering wheel 6 is attached to the top end surface of the middle plate of the upper cavity casing of the steering wheel fixing support 7, the distance between the steering wheel fixing support 7 and the annular display screen 1 is 95 cm to 105 cm, the pedals 4 are arranged below the steering wheel clamps 11 and the steering wheel fixing support, the seats 5 are arranged on the left side of the G29 steering wheel 6, and the overall arrangement form can be adjusted manually according to the body shape and habit of a driver, and the reality of the whole arrangement form can be simulated, and the reality of data can be improved.
The data acquisition system comprises an accelerator pedal displacement sensor integrated on an electronic accelerator pedal, a brake pedal displacement sensor integrated on an electronic brake pedal and a steering wheel angle sensor integrated on the G29 steering wheel 6.
The accelerator pedal displacement sensor, the brake pedal displacement sensor and the steering wheel angle sensor are respectively connected with the experimental host 8 by adopting an assembly line (an assembly of a power line and a signal line). The accelerator pedal displacement sensor and the brake pedal displacement sensor which are arranged on the pedal 4 (comprising an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal) and the steering wheel angle sensor which is arranged on the G29 steering wheel 6 can acquire the accelerator pedal displacement, the brake pedal displacement and the steering wheel angle data in the driving simulation process, and the experimental data are transmitted to the experimental host computer 8 through an assembly line.
The collection of steering wheel angle data on the G29 steering wheel 6 is realized through a steering angle sensor integrated in a steering wheel assembly, when a driver rotates the G29 steering wheel 6, the steering angle sensor measures the steering angle of the steering wheel, a steering angle signal of the G29 steering wheel 6 is converted into a voltage signal, the voltage signal is input into an experimental host 8 through an assembly line, and a steering control signal of the driver is provided for a vehicle dynamics simulation model of CarSim vehicle dynamics simulation software.
The acquisition of accelerator pedal displacement data of the pedal 4 is realized through an accelerator pedal displacement sensor integrated on an electronic accelerator pedal, when a driver steps on the accelerator pedal of the pedal 4 to accelerate, the accelerator pedal displacement sensor measures the accelerator pedal position, converts a position signal into a voltage signal, and inputs the voltage signal into the experimental host 8 through an assembly line to provide an accelerator acceleration control signal of the driver for a vehicle dynamics simulation model of CarSim vehicle dynamics simulation software.
The acquisition of the brake pedal displacement data of the pedal 4 is realized through a brake pedal displacement sensor integrated on an electronic brake pedal, when a driver steps on the brake pedal of the pedal 4 to brake, the brake pedal displacement sensor measures the position of the brake pedal, converts a position signal into a voltage signal, and inputs the voltage signal into the experiment host 8 through an assembly line to provide a brake control signal of the driver for a vehicle dynamics simulation model of CarSim vehicle dynamics simulation software.
Referring to fig. 6, the experimental host 8 receives data from an accelerator pedal displacement sensor, a brake pedal displacement sensor and a steering wheel angle sensor by a dspece real-time simulation system (a set of software and hardware working platform based on MATLAB/Simulink developed by dspece corporation, germany), runs CarSim vehicle dynamics simulation software, inputs vehicle parameters and simulation working condition settings, runs algorithm development software MATLAB, sets a vehicle dynamics control model, downloads data in the experimental host 8 to the simulation platform dspece real-time simulation system, outputs virtual scenes by CarSim, and stores the data to be acquired in MATLAB.
The simulation working conditions output by the Carsim vehicle dynamics simulation software are double-lane-change working conditions, and compared with other working conditions, the driving types of different types of drivers can be better distinguished, and the identification degree of data can be improved.
The types of data collected in the experimental process are respectively as follows: brake, steering wheel angle sw, throttle opening, longitudinal position X0, lateral position Y0, YAW angle YAW, speed VX. The method comprises the steps of collecting corresponding data by using a simulation system name, carrying out Matlab statistics to obtain the mean value and standard deviation of each group of data, taking the mean value and standard deviation of each group of data as characteristic values of the group of data to obtain 28 groups of data, taking the mean value and standard deviation of each group of driver data as a column vector, extracting to obtain a matrix of 28 x 14, firstly carrying out principal component analysis, extracting to obtain data types which have main influence on classification, namely an accelerator pedal opening average value, a steering wheel corner standard deviation and a yaw rate standard deviation, carrying out K-means cluster analysis, and obtaining classification information by taking a K value of 3.
Referring to fig. 7, the 28 drivers are classified into 3 categories, namely aggressive, conservative, and robust. The neural network was trained using the 28 sets of data and three driver driving types.
The principle of the K-means clustering is that the K-means algorithm accepts a parameter K and then divides n data objects input in advance into K clusters so that the obtained clusters satisfy: the similarity of the objects in the same cluster is higher; while objects in different clusters are less similar. The clustering similarity is calculated by using an gravitation center obtained by the average value of the objects in each cluster, and the basic idea is that: clustering k points in space as centers, classifying the nearest objects, and gradually updating the values of the clustering centers by an iterative method until the best clustering result is obtained
The on-line calibration mode is that any driver is asked to finish driving under a specified working condition on a simulated driving test bed, steering wheel angle sw, throttle opening and transverse position Y0 data of the driver are obtained, the obtained data are input into a trained neural network, decision is made through a random forest algorithm, and a decision result is the driving characteristic type of the driver.