CN109859531B - Method for calculating forecast wind at forecast point by aiming at incomplete input of pilot - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating forecast wind of a forecast point by aiming at incomplete input of a pilot. The method of the invention fully utilizes the input forecasted wind which is nearest before and after the predicted point, the cruise wind of the cruise flight and other limited resources to calculate the forecasted wind of the current predicted point. The method comprehensively considers the influence of the relative position relation between the forecast wind and the forecast point on the forecast wind of the forecast point. The method can effectively improve the performance optimization calculation, arrival time prediction, actual oil consumption and flight time estimation capabilities of the flight management system. The method can effectively support the operation based on the four-dimensional track, is a method easy for engineering realization, and has important practical application significance for the operation of the aircraft in the civil field, particularly the operation supporting the required arrival time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flight management, and relates to a method for calculating forecast wind of a forecast point by aiming at incomplete input of a pilot.
Background
Wind has a significant impact on the performance of the aircraft, and accurate wind prediction will greatly improve the ability to optimize calculations and time of arrival forecasts, as well as actual fuel consumption and time of flight. Under FAA new generation air traffic system (NextGen) and european single sky (SESAR) initiatives, accurate wind information is very important for the conception of some future air traffic concepts. Accurate wind information will impact time-based traffic management, including in particular four-dimensional track-based operations (4D-TBO) and Flight Interval Management (FIM).
Predicting the temperature and wind conditions that will be encountered during flight is part of the flight plan management process. The predictions of temperature and wind make the flight path predictions of the flight management system more accurate to provide more accurate construction of Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA), fuel consumption, climb/descent rates, and flight transitions.
The forecast wind and temperature data may be entered via a multifunction display control unit (MCDU) or data link. The MCDU is the direct dialogue window between the pilot and the flight management system. The forecasted wind for the climb phase is the size and direction of a set of winds of different heights. The pilot may input the magnitude and direction of the forecasted wind for some or all of the altitudes. The flight management system can calculate the wind value of any altitude according to the forecasted wind input by the pilot and the current wind measured by the sensor. The cruise phase allows the pilot to enter the forecasted wind magnitude and direction for a waypoint, some or all of the waypoints, either single or multiple altitudes, on the MCDU. The flight management system mixes the input forecast wind and the current wind value measured by the sensor in a weighting mode to calculate the forecast wind of the forecast point. The forecasted wind used by the descent phase flight management system is the size and direction of the wind at the different altitudes input. The flight management system can calculate the predicted wind at any altitude based on these predicted winds and the current actual wind measured by the sensors.
The operation and flight interval management based on the four-dimensional flight path is a brand-new concept for domestic civil aircraft manufacturers, scientific research institutes and design companies. The difference between our country and abroad is large, and various colleges and universities in China are always pursuing the pace of the foreign technology development, and a series of technical researches on wind prediction are carried out, for example, some scientific research units carry out wind prediction technical researches based on data chain grid wind. The preprocessing of the front-end wind forecast and how to calculate the forecast wind facing to the incomplete input of the pilot so as to support the calculation of the subsequent wind forecast of the flight management system are rarely researched at home.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the requirement of operation on wind forecasting accuracy based on a four-dimensional track, a method for calculating forecasting wind at a forecasting point facing incomplete input forecasting wind of a pilot is provided; the method can fully utilize the input forecasting wind which is nearest before and after the forecasting point and the limited resources such as the cruise section wind of the cruise section, and calculate the forecasting wind of the current forecasting point; the method comprehensively considers the influence of the relative position relation between the forecast wind and the forecast point on the forecast wind of the forecast point during implementation.
The invention aims to be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for calculating a forecast wind at a forecast point facing to incomplete input of a pilot specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the section wind of each section in the cruising stage based on the incomplete input of the pilot to the forecast wind and according to the characteristics of wind propagation;
(2) confirming whether the predicted point is in a climbing stage, a cruising stage or a descending stage;
(3) if the prediction point is in the climbing stage, acquiring a climbing forecast wind W closest to the prediction point before the prediction pointPre1And its corresponding height HPre1The climbing forecast wind W closest to the predicted point after the predicted pointNext1And its corresponding height HNext1Forecasting wind W in the first leg of cruiseLeg1And cruising altitude HCruiseStarting airport height HOrgCalculating the height H of the predicted point, calculating the predicted wind W of the predicted pointFore；
(4) If the predicted point is in the cruising stage, acquiring the predicted wind of the next flight section closest to the predicted point after the predicted point, and taking the predicted wind W as the predicted pointFore；
(5) If the predicted point is in the descending stage, the descending forecast wind W closest to the predicted point before the predicted point is obtainedPre3And its corresponding height HPre3A descending forecast wind W nearest to the predicted point after the predicted pointNext3And its corresponding height HNext3Forecasting wind W in the last leg of cruiseLegxAnd cruising altitude HCruiseDestination airport altitude HDestCalculating the height H of the predicted point, calculating the predicted wind W of the predicted pointFore。
Preferably, for the cruising stage, the specific method for forecasting the wind propagation in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(a) the segment forecast wind input by the page is expanded backwards to subsequent waypoints along the flight plan;
(b) the first leg input by the pilot forecasts the forward spread of the wind to the preorder waypoints in the flight plan.
Preferably, the step (3) calculates the predicted point forecast wind W of the predicted point in the climbing stageForeThe specific method comprises the following steps:
(a) finding out the nearest climbing forecast wind before and after the forecast point, and calculating forecast wind W of the forecast pointFore：
WFore＝R·WNext1+(1-R)·WPre1
(b) If the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is not found, the first flight forecast wind in the cruising stage is used for calculating the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
WFore＝R·WLeg1+(1-R)·WPre1
(c) If the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is not found, the forecast wind of the first flight segment in the cruising stage is invalid, and the forecast wind W of the prediction point is calculatedFore：
(d) If the nearest climbing forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, calculating the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(e) If the latest climbing forecast wind before the prediction point is not found and the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is invalid, the first flight forecast wind in the cruising stage is used for calculating the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(f) If the latest climbing forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is invalid, and the forecast wind in the first flight stage of the cruising stage is also invalid, the prediction point forecast wind W isForeAnd is also invalid.
Preferably, the step (5) calculates a predicted point forecast wind W of the predicted point at the descent stageForeThe specific method comprises：
(a) Finding out the nearest descending forecast wind before and after the forecast point, and calculating forecast wind W of the forecast pointFore：
WFore＝R·WPre3+(1-R)·WNext3
(b) If the nearest descending forecast wind before the predicted point is not found, the last flight forecast wind in the cruising stage is used for calculating the forecast wind W of the predicted pointFore：
WFore＝R·WLegx+(1-R)·WNext3
(c) If the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the forecast wind of the last flight of the cruising stage is invalid, and the forecast wind W of the prediction point is calculatedFore：
(d) If the nearest descending forecast wind after the prediction point is not found, calculating forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(e) If the latest descending forecast wind after the prediction point is not found and the latest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is invalid, the last flight forecast wind in the cruise stage is used to calculate the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(f) If the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is invalid, and the forecast wind in the last flight stage of the cruise stage is also invalid, the forecast wind W of the prediction point is obtainedForeAnd is also invalid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method for calculating forecast wind of a forecast point facing incomplete input of a pilot, which fully utilizes the input forecast wind which is nearest to the front and the back of the forecast point, the cruise wind of a cruise flight and other limited resources to calculate the forecast wind of the current forecast point. The method can effectively improve the performance optimization calculation, arrival time prediction, actual oil consumption and flight time estimation capabilities of the flight management system. The method can effectively support the operation based on the four-dimensional track, is a method easy for engineering realization, and has important practical application significance for the operation of the aircraft in the civil field, particularly the operation supporting the required arrival time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the propagation of forecasted wind with incomplete pilot input;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a predicted point during a climb phase;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a predicted point at a descending stage.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a method for calculating forecast wind at forecast points facing incomplete input forecast wind of pilots aiming at the requirement of operation on wind forecast accuracy based on four-dimensional flight paths. The method fully utilizes the input forecasting wind which is nearest before and after the forecasting point and the limited resources such as the cruise section wind of the cruise section, and calculates the forecasting wind of the current forecasting point. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) and determining the section wind of each section in the cruising stage based on the incomplete input of the pilot to the forecast wind and according to the characteristics of wind propagation. For the cruising stage, the specific method for forecasting the wind propagation in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(a) the segment forecast wind input by the page is expanded backwards to subsequent waypoints along the flight plan;
(b) the first leg input by the pilot forecasts the forward spread of the wind to the preorder waypoints in the flight plan.
As shown in fig. 1, the pilot inputs forecasted winds (assuming all winds are upwind) for WPT D and WPT F during the cruise phase, 110kts and 90kts, respectively. The leg wind input by the pilot at WPT D is the first leg forecast wind, and therefore extends forward to the preceding waypoint WPT C in the flight plan, i.e. the forecast wind for WPT C is 110 kts. At WPT D the leg wind input by the pilot extends backwards to the subsequent waypoint WPT E, i.e. the forecasted wind for WPT E is 110 kts. The leg wind input by the pilot at WPT F is 90kts, and the leg wind is expanded backwards to the subsequent waypoints along the flight plan, namely the leg wind at the subsequent waypoints WPT G and WPT H is 90 kts.
(2) Confirming whether the predicted point is in a climbing stage, a cruising stage or a descending stage;
(3) if the prediction point is in the climbing stage, acquiring a climbing forecast wind W closest to the prediction point before the prediction pointPre1And its corresponding height HPre1The climbing forecast wind W closest to the predicted point after the predicted pointNext1And its corresponding height HNext1Forecasting wind W in the first leg of cruiseLeg1And cruising altitude HCruiseStarting airport height HOrgCalculating the height H of the predicted point, calculating the predicted wind W of the predicted pointFore. As shown in FIG. 2, the step (3) calculates the predicted point forecast wind W of the predicted point in the climbing phaseForeThe specific method comprises the following steps:
(a) finding out the nearest climbing forecast wind before and after the forecast point, and calculating forecast wind W of the forecast pointFore：
WFore＝R·WNext1+(1-R)·WPre1
(b) If the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is not found, the first flight forecast wind in the cruising stage is used for calculating the forecast wind of the prediction pointWFore：
WFore＝R·WLeg1+(1-R)·WPre1
(c) If the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is not found, the forecast wind of the first flight segment in the cruising stage is invalid, and the forecast wind W of the prediction point is calculatedFore：
(d) If the nearest climbing forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, calculating the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(e) If the latest climbing forecast wind before the prediction point is not found and the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is invalid, the first flight forecast wind in the cruising stage is used for calculating the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(f) If the latest climbing forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is invalid, and the forecast wind in the first flight stage of the cruising stage is also invalid, the prediction point forecast wind W isForeAnd is also invalid.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, in the climbing stage, the prediction point 1 predicts the climbing forecast wind W closest to the prediction point before the point 1Pre1Is 80kts and its corresponding height HPre127000ft, the climb forecast wind W closest to the prediction point after the prediction point 1Next1Is 100kts and its corresponding height HNext1Forecast wind W for 30000ft, the first leg of cruiseLeg1At 110kts and a cruising altitude HCruiseAt 31000ft, starting airport height HOrgIf the default is 0 and the height H of the prediction point 1 is 28000ft, the prediction point 1 predicts the wind WForeThe calculation is as follows:
(4) if the predicted point is in the cruising stage, acquiring the predicted wind of the next flight section closest to the predicted point after the predicted point, and taking the predicted wind W as the predicted pointFore。
With reference to FIG. 1, when point 2 is predicted to be in cruise phase, then WFore＝110kts。
(5) If the predicted point is in the descending stage, the descending forecast wind W closest to the predicted point before the predicted point is obtainedPre3And its corresponding height HPre3A descending forecast wind W nearest to the predicted point after the predicted pointNext3And its corresponding height HNext3Forecasting wind W in the last leg of cruiseLegxAnd cruising altitude HCruiseDestination airport altitude HDestCalculating the height H of the predicted point, calculating the predicted wind W of the predicted pointFore. As shown in FIG. 3, step (5) calculates a predicted point forecast wind W of the predicted point at the descent stageForeThe specific method comprises the following steps:
(a) finding out the nearest descending forecast wind before and after the forecast point, and calculating forecast wind W of the forecast pointFore：
WFore＝R·WPre3+(1-R)·WNext3
(b) If the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the last flight forecast wind in the cruise stage is used for calculatingForecast wind W at forecast pointFore：
WFore＝R·WLegx+(1-R)·WNext3
(c) If the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the forecast wind of the last flight of the cruising stage is invalid, and the forecast wind W of the prediction point is calculatedFore：
(d) If the nearest descending forecast wind after the prediction point is not found, calculating forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(e) If the latest descending forecast wind after the prediction point is not found and the latest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is invalid, the last flight forecast wind in the cruise stage is used to calculate the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(f) If the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is invalid, and the forecast wind in the last flight stage of the cruise stage is also invalid, the forecast wind W of the prediction point is obtainedForeAnd is also invalid.
With reference to fig. 1 and 3, when the prediction point 3 is in the descent stage, the descent prediction wind W closest to the prediction point in front of the prediction point 3 is obtainedPre3Is 100kts and its corresponding height HPre329000ft, the descent forecast wind W nearest to the prediction point after the prediction point 3Next3Is 75kts and its corresponding height HNext315000ft, cruise stepForecast wind W for the last leg of a segmentLegxIs 90kts and a cruising height HCruiseAt 31000ft, destination airport height HDestDefault is 0, the height H of the prediction point 3 is 20000ft, then the prediction point 3 predicts the wind WForeThe calculation is as follows:
it should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method for calculating a forecast wind at a forecast point facing to incomplete input of a pilot is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1.1) determining the section wind of each section in the cruising stage based on the incomplete input of the pilot to the forecast wind;
1.2) confirming whether the predicted point is in a climbing stage, a cruising stage or a descending stage;
1.3) if the prediction point is in a climbing stage, acquiring a climbing forecast wind W closest to the prediction point before the prediction pointPre1And its corresponding height HPre1The climbing forecast wind W closest to the predicted point after the predicted pointNext1And its corresponding height HNext1Forecasting wind W in the first leg of cruiseLeg1And cruising altitude HCruiseStarting airport height HOrgCalculating the height H of the predicted point, calculating the predicted wind W of the predicted pointFore；
1.4) if the predicted point is in the cruising stage, acquiring the predicted wind of the next flight section closest to the predicted point after the predicted point, and taking the predicted wind W as the predicted pointFore；
1.5) if the predicted point is in the descending stage, obtaining the descending forecast wind W closest to the predicted point before the predicted pointPre3And its corresponding height HPre3A descending forecast wind W nearest to the predicted point after the predicted pointNext3And its corresponding height HNext3Forecasting wind W in the last leg of cruiseLegxAnd cruising altitude HCruiseDestination airport altitude HDestCalculating the height H of the predicted point, calculating the predicted wind W of the predicted pointFore；
The specific method for forecasting wind propagation in the step 1.1) comprises the following steps:
(a) the segment forecast wind input by the page is expanded backwards to subsequent waypoints along the flight plan;
(b) the first flight segment input by the pilot forecasts the forward expansion of wind to a preorder waypoint in the flight plan;
the forecast wind W of the forecast point in the climbing stage is calculated in the step 1.3)ForeThe specific method comprises the following steps:
(a) finding out the nearest climbing forecast wind before and after the forecast point, and calculating forecast wind W of the forecast pointFore：
WFore＝R·WNext1+(1-R)·WPre1
(b) If the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is not found, the first flight forecast wind in the cruising stage is used for calculating the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
WFore＝R·WLeg1+(1-R)·WPre1
(c) If the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is not found, the forecast wind of the first flight segment in the cruising stage is invalid, and the forecast wind W of the prediction point is calculatedFore：
(d) If the nearest climbing forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, calculating the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(e) If the latest climbing forecast wind before the prediction point is not found and the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is invalid, the first flight forecast wind in the cruising stage is used for calculating the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(f) If the latest climbing forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the latest climbing forecast wind after the prediction point is invalid, and the forecast wind in the first flight stage of the cruising stage is also invalid, the prediction point forecast wind W isForeIs also invalid;
the forecast wind W of the forecast point in the descending stage is calculated in the step 1.5)ForeThe specific method comprises the following steps:
(a) finding out the nearest descending forecast wind before and after the forecast point, and calculating forecast wind W of the forecast pointFore：
WFore＝R·WPre3+(1-R)·WNext3
(b) If the nearest descending forecast wind before the predicted point is not found, the last flight forecast wind in the cruising stage is used for calculating the forecast wind W of the predicted pointFore：
WFore＝R·WLegx+(1-R)·WNext3
(c) If the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the forecast wind of the last flight of the cruising stage is invalid, and the forecast wind W of the prediction point is calculatedFore：
(d) If the nearest descending forecast wind after the prediction point is not found, calculating forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(e) If the latest descending forecast wind after the prediction point is not found and the latest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is invalid, the last flight forecast wind in the cruise stage is used to calculate the forecast wind W of the prediction pointFore：
(f) If the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is not found, the nearest descending forecast wind before the prediction point is invalid, and the forecast wind in the last flight stage of the cruise stage is also invalid, the forecast wind W of the prediction point is obtainedForeAnd is also invalid.
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