CN109858098B - Method and device for PCB wiring, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Method and device for PCB wiring, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device, a computer device and a storage medium for PCB wiring, wherein the method comprises the following steps: configuring signal types of various networks in a network table of the circuit diagram; according to the signal types corresponding to the networks, configuring wiring rules among the networks according to preset configuration rules; and carrying out PCB wiring according to the wiring rule. The interference types of network signals are distinguished by configuring the signal types of the networks, so that wiring rules among the networks are configured according to the network signal types, and the networks with different signal types are prevented from being mixed together to be wired, so that the mutual interference of the signals among the networks is avoided; according to the wiring rule, automatic PCB wiring is achieved, so that manual wiring of a user is not needed, wiring efficiency is improved, time and energy of the user are saved, and user experience is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of printed circuit board design technology, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a computer device, and a storage medium for PCB routing.
Background
At present, a circuit diagram is designed in circuit diagram design software in the design of a PCB (printed circuit board ) of an electronic product, a network table is generated according to the circuit diagram, a file corresponding to the network table is derived, and then the file corresponding to the network table is imported into the PCB for PCB routing design.
The existing design rules of the PCB design software only comprise partial information (such as networks) of PCB wiring, the information lacks coherent constraint relation among wirings, and finally the wirings can cause mutual interference among network signals. Therefore, the user is usually required to manually complete the PCB wiring, which wastes time and effort of the user, and the manual wiring is more likely to cause breakdown of the circuit-complicated PCB, resulting in poor user experience.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method, a device, computer equipment and a storage medium for PCB wiring, so as to realize the purpose of reducing mutual interference among network signals in the PCB wiring process.
The application provides a PCB wiring method, which comprises the following steps:
configuring signal types of various networks in a network table of the circuit diagram;
according to the signal types corresponding to the networks respectively, configuring wiring rules among the networks according to preset configuration rules;
and carrying out PCB wiring according to wiring rules.
Further, the step of configuring signal parameters of the network in the netlist of the circuit diagram includes:
receiving a first instruction input by a user, wherein the first information comprises an instruction for configuring signal types corresponding to all networks in a network table;
according to the first instruction, configuring an analog-digital signal type, a frequency signal type, a sensitive signal type and/or a radiation signal type corresponding to each network in the network table, wherein the analog-digital signal type comprises a digital signal type or an analog signal type, the frequency signal type comprises a high-frequency type or a low-frequency type, the sensitive signal type comprises a high-sensitivity type or a low-sensitivity type, and the radiation signal type comprises a high-radiation type or a low-radiation type.
Further, after the step of configuring the analog-digital signal type, the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type corresponding to each network in the network table according to the first instruction, the method further includes:
the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type corresponding to the incomplete network are respectively configured into a low frequency type, a low sensitive type and/or a low radiation type; the signal types of each network in the network table of the configuration circuit diagram are at least one signal type of frequency signal types, sensitive signal types and/or radiation signal types corresponding to each network in the configuration network table, and the incomplete network is a network which is not completely configured with the frequency signal types, the sensitive signal types and/or the radiation signal types contained in the signal types.
Further, the step of configuring the wiring rule between the networks according to the preset configuration rule according to the signal types corresponding to the networks respectively includes:
receiving a second instruction input by a user, wherein the second instruction comprises an instruction for respectively configuring one or more wiring rules among the networks according to signal types respectively corresponding to the networks;
and respectively configuring one or more wiring rules among the networks according to the second instruction.
Further, the step of configuring one or more routing rules between the respective networks, respectively, includes:
generating a wiring rule matrix table among all networks, wherein the wiring rule matrix table comprises network fields in a first row and a first column, and blank columns respectively corresponding to the network fields in the first row and the first column;
and adding one or more preset wiring rules corresponding to the network fields in the first row and the first column to blank columns to respectively configure one or more wiring rules among the networks.
Further, the step of performing PCB routing according to routing rules includes:
receiving a third instruction input by a user, wherein the second instruction comprises an instruction for PCB wiring;
and according to the third instruction, PCB wiring is conducted according to wiring rules.
Further, after the step of performing PCB routing according to the routing rule, the method includes:
checking the wiring rate of the PCB wiring according to a preset checking rule;
and displaying the circulation rate based on the checking result of the preset checking rule.
The application also provides a device for PCB wiring, comprising:
the first configuration module is used for configuring the signal types of all networks in the network table of the circuit diagram;
the second configuration module is used for configuring wiring rules among the networks according to preset configuration rules according to the signal types respectively corresponding to the networks;
and the wiring module is used for carrying out PCB wiring according to wiring rules.
The application also provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor realizes the steps of the PCB wiring method when executing the computer program.
The application also proposes a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of PCB routing described above.
According to the application, the interference types of network signals are distinguished by configuring the signal types of the networks, so that the wiring rules among the networks are configured according to the network signal types, and the networks with different signal types are prevented from being mixed together to be wired, thereby avoiding the mutual interference of the signals among the networks; according to the wiring rule, automatic PCB wiring is achieved, so that manual wiring of a user is not needed, wiring efficiency is improved, time and energy of the user are saved, and user experience is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing steps of a method for PCB routing in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a table of routing rules matrix according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for PCB routing in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first configuration module in an apparatus for PCB routing according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first configuration module in an apparatus for PCB routing according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second configuration module in the PCB routing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third configuration unit in the PCB routing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a wiring module in a PCB wiring device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a device for PCB routing in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage medium according to an embodiment of the present application.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, a method of PCB routing in an embodiment of the present application includes:
s1, configuring signal types of all networks in a network table of a circuit diagram;
s2, configuring wiring rules among the networks according to preset rules according to signal types corresponding to the networks respectively;
s3, PCB wiring is conducted according to the wiring rule.
The application can be applied to intelligent terminals, but is not limited to the intelligent terminals, and the intelligent terminals comprise any terminal equipment such as mobile phones, tablet computers, desktop computers, vehicle-mounted computers and the like; in an embodiment, the intelligent terminal is provided with circuit diagram design software and PCB design software; in another embodiment, the intelligent terminal is provided with design software with a circuit diagram design function and a PCB design function; the circuit diagram design software (or circuit diagram design function) has the same routing rules and conventional design rules as the PCB design software (or PCB design function), which may include safe spacing, routing and high speed constraints, constraints that are divided into default, classified and specified networks, and conditional design rules and differential pairs.
In the step S1, the network table is a file for recording circuit information in the circuit diagram (electrical schematic diagram), and includes an element table and a connection network table, where the element table includes element numbers, element names, element attribute parameters, element packaging forms, and the connection network table includes names of a plurality of networks and pin names of all elements connected to each network, PCB board layer definitions, conventional design rules, network signal types, and wiring rules between networks; the network (Net) is formed by connecting pins of components; the signal types include combinations of different signals (such as the signal type of the network a is a digital signal and is also a high-sensitivity signal, a high-frequency signal, a high-radiation signal, etc.), the different signals include signals distinguished by a plurality of distinguishing modes, for example, an analog-digital signal type distinguished by whether the signals are discrete, a frequency signal type distinguished by the frequency size of the signals, a radiation signal type distinguished by the capability of generating interference of the signals, a sensitive signal type distinguished by the capability of resisting interference of the signals, a power signal type distinguished by the power size of the signals, etc., the distinguishing modes of the signals are not limited to the modes, and a user can distinguish and configure the signal types according to actual requirements.
In an embodiment, a user designs a circuit diagram through circuit diagram design software, inputs signal types of each network, the circuit diagram design software configures signal types corresponding to each network in a network table of the circuit diagram according to the signal types input by the user, and simultaneously configures wiring constraint parameters of the network, wherein the wiring constraint parameters include default rules (safe intervals), routing rules (High Speed), pad pull rules (Pad entry), etc.), class-based rules (Class), network name-based rules (Net), group-based rules (Group), pin pair-based rules (Pin Pairs), package or Component-based rules (device & Component), etc., and then derives the network table from the circuit diagram design software as a file that can be operated by the PCB design software, thereby obtaining the network table capable of realizing automatic wiring in the PCB design software.
In the step S2, the preset configuration rule is a wiring rule between corresponding networks according to the signal type between the networks; the wiring rules are wiring design rules configured according to the signal types of the networks, and a plurality of wiring design rules can be provided, namely a plurality of wiring design rules are provided between the network A and the network B at the same time; in an embodiment, the signal types of the rf antenna network are analog signals, high frequency signals, high radiation signals and high sensitivity signals, and since the network generates strong interference signals and is easily affected by other interference signals, the routing design rule of the network and other networks is to isolate with wide ground lines, and needs to be far away from the network with high radiation signals or high sensitivity signals.
In the step S3, after the wiring rules between the networks are configured, the network table of the circuit diagram design software is exported as a file that the PCB design software can run, the network table is imported into the PCB design software, the PCB design software performs the layout of the elements (i.e. the elements are placed at the designated positions) according to the information parameters of the elements in the network table, and then the routing of the pins of the elements is automatically laid out according to the network and the wiring rules, thereby realizing automatic wiring. The interference types of network signals are distinguished by configuring the signal types of the networks, so that wiring rules among the networks are configured according to the network signal types, and the networks with different signal types are prevented from being mixed together to be wired, so that the mutual interference of the signals among the networks is avoided; according to the wiring rule, automatic PCB wiring is achieved, wiring rate is improved, manual wiring is not needed by a user, wiring efficiency is improved, time and energy of the user are saved, and user experience is improved.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step S1 of configuring signal parameters of each network in the network table of the circuit diagram includes:
s11, receiving a first instruction input by a user, wherein the first instruction comprises an instruction for configuring signal types corresponding to all networks in a network table;
s12, configuring signal types corresponding to all networks in a network table according to the first instruction, wherein the signal types comprise an analog-digital signal type, a frequency signal type, a sensitive signal type and/or a radiation signal type, the analog-digital signal type comprises a digital signal type or an analog signal type, the frequency signal type comprises a high-frequency type or a low-frequency type, the sensitive signal type comprises a high-sensitivity type or a low-sensitivity type, and the radiation signal type comprises a high-radiation type or a high-radiation type.
In the step S11 and the step S12, the first instruction is an instruction for a user to operate the circuit diagram design software to configure a signal type of a network, and further, the circuit diagram design software configures a module signal type, a frequency signal type, a sensitive signal type, a radiation signal type and/or a power signal type corresponding to each network in the circuit diagram according to the signal type; the analog-digital signal type is a signal type distinguished according to whether the signal is discrete or not, and can comprise analog signals and digital signals; the frequency signal types are signal types which are distinguished according to the frequency of the signal, and can comprise high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals; the radiation signal types are signal types distinguished by the capability of signal interference, and can comprise high radiation signals and low radiation signals; the sensitive signal types are signal types which are distinguished according to the interference resistance of the signals and can comprise high sensitive signals and low sensitive signals; the power signal types are signal types which are distinguished according to the power magnitude of the signal, and can comprise high-power signals and low-power signals.
Wherein the digital signal type is a quantized discrete time signal (the independent variable is discrete, the dependent variable is also discrete) represented by binary system, and can comprise a square wave signal with high level and low level; the analog signal is a signal whose information parameter is represented as continuous within a given range, or a signal whose characteristic quantity representing information can be represented as an arbitrary value at an arbitrary instant in a period of continuous time, and in this embodiment, the analog signal is of an electric signal whose voltage amplitude and phase are continuous. The digital circuit corresponding to the digital signal works in a high-speed pulse state, the instantaneous surge is large, high-frequency interference can be generated on the direct-current voltage, and the analog circuit corresponding to the analog signal is influenced, so that the network is divided into the analog signal and the digital signal.
The high frequency type is a high frequency signal, that is, a signal with a higher frequency, in this embodiment, a signal with a fundamental frequency above 50MHz in the mobile communication product is a high frequency signal, whereas a signal below 50MHz is a low frequency signal; in the fields of electronics and high-speed digital design, the high-frequency signal and the low-frequency signal can respectively have different judging standards, and a person skilled in the art can judge the high-frequency signal and the low-frequency signal according to common general knowledge; the signal transmission relation among the functional circuits of each unit is considered, the low-frequency signal corresponding low-frequency circuit and the high-frequency signal corresponding high-frequency circuit are separated, and the signal types of the network are further divided into the high-frequency signal and the low-frequency signal.
The high sensitivity type is a high sensitivity signal (i.e. a signal which is easy to be interfered), and may include a signal with small amplitude of an alternating current signal and high signal-to-noise ratio requirement, a signal with small amplitude of a signal and low frequency error or phase error requirement, a signal with high input impedance and high signal accuracy requirement, otherwise, other signals which are not easy to be interfered are low sensitivity signals; the high sensitivity signal and the low sensitivity signal can be judged by a person skilled in the art according to common general knowledge; in this embodiment, the high-sensitivity signal may be a high-frequency antenna receiving signal in a mobile communication product, a low-frequency signal with a minimum signal amplitude lower than 100mV and a signal-to-noise ratio requirement higher than 40dB (i.e. a noise requirement lower than 1 mV), a crystal oscillator clock signal with a minimum signal amplitude lower than 1V and a frequency accuracy requirement within ±10ppm, an ADC input signal with high input impedance and high accuracy requirement; the high sensitive signals and the low sensitive signals are distinguished according to the anti-interference capability of the network, so that the mutual interference of the network during PCB wiring is reduced.
The high radiation type is a high radiation signal (i.e. a signal which is easy to generate interference by itself), and may include a signal which is easy to generate larger EMI interference (especially higher harmonic interference) to a certain function of the product by a network, otherwise, a signal which is difficult to generate interference by itself is a low radiation signal; in this embodiment, the high-radiation signal may be a signal with an amplitude above 1V and a higher harmonic in a sensitive receiving operation band, for example, a high-speed square wave signal with a large amplitude, a switching signal of a boost backlight circuit with an amplitude above 5V and a frequency above 500KHZ, and the higher harmonic of the switching signal may easily generate a large interference to a high-sensitivity receiving signal such as FM radio, GPS, GSM, or LTE; the high-radiation signal and the low-radiation signal can be determined by a person skilled in the art according to common general knowledge. The high-radiation signal and the low-radiation signal are distinguished according to the capacity of the network to generate interference, so that the mutual interference of the network during the PCB wiring is reduced.
In an embodiment, the signal types of the network are analog signals, high-frequency signals, high-radiation signals and high-sensitivity signals at the same time, and the network is an analog high-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network (such as a radio frequency antenna network end (including a transmitting end and a receiving end)); depending on the combination of the different signals of the network, it is also possible to include analog high frequency high radiation low sensitivity networks (e.g., radio frequency PA (PA, a power amplifier) output network (without a receiving end)), an analog high-frequency low-radiation high-sensitivity network (such as a radio frequency receiving network), an analog high-frequency low-radiation low-sensitivity network (such as a radio frequency PA front end network), an analog low-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network (such as various clock oscillator networks), an analog low-frequency high-radiation low-sensitivity network (such as a switching network of a normal switching power supply), an analog low-frequency low-radiation high-sensitivity network (such as an audio power amplifier input network, an operational amplifier input network, an analog-to-digital converter input network, an automatically controlled feedback signal, an analog control signal, etc.), an analog low-radiation low-sensitivity network (such as a power supply network), a digital high-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network (such as a clock network of a high-speed data bus), a digital high-frequency high-radiation low-sensitivity network (such as a data network of a high-speed data bus), a digital high-frequency low-radiation high-sensitivity network (such as a low-speed differential serial bus clock), a digital high-voltage high-speed high-differential low-sensitivity network (such as a data and address signal of a low-speed data bus), a digital low-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network (such as various system reference clock networks), a digital low-frequency low-radiation low-sensitivity network (such as a data bus voltage high-radiation high-sensitivity network, a high-sensitivity network (such as a high-voltage high-level data level (such as a NAND-level) or a UART) or a data bus (such as a UART) or an asynchronous interface, etc., a data bus, a data interface such as a FLASH or a general level bus, and a data bus, etc A digital low frequency low radiation high sensitivity network (such as a CLOCK input and PDM output network of a MEMS digital silicon microphone), a digital low frequency low radiation low sensitivity network (such as an enable, chip select, read or write control network of a data bus).
In an embodiment of the present application, after the step S12 of configuring the model type corresponding to the network in the network table according to the first instruction, the method includes:
s13, configuring the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type corresponding to the incomplete network as a low frequency type, a low sensitive type and/or a low radiation type respectively; the signal type of each network in the network table of the configuration circuit diagram is at least one signal type of frequency signal type, sensitive signal type and/or radiation signal type corresponding to each network in the configuration network table, and the incomplete network is the network which is not completely configured with the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type contained in the signal type.
In the step S13, the circuit diagram design software is provided with the option of the network corresponding to the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type, so that the user needs to input the corresponding signal type to configure the corresponding signal type by the circuit diagram design software, but in one embodiment, because a plurality of networks exist in the circuit diagram, the user forgets to input the signal type of a part of the networks, or in another embodiment, the part of the networks belong to the networks which do not interfere with other networks and are not easily interfered by other networks, so that the user usually ignores the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type of the networks and only inputs the analog-to-digital signal type of the networks so as to reduce the input time of the user; for example, when the user inputs the signal type of the power supply network, only the analog-digital signal type of the power supply network is input, but the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type of the network are not configured by the circuit diagram design software, so the circuit diagram design software needs to determine whether the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type of the network are configured, and then the corresponding signal type is configured according to the preset configuration rule. For a network with a user not inputting a signal type, the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type which are not configured are respectively configured into a low frequency type, a low sensitivity type and/or a low radiation type through circuit diagram design software, so that the configuration time is shortened, and the configuration efficiency is improved.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step S2 of configuring a routing rule between the networks according to a preset configuration rule according to the signal types corresponding to the networks, includes:
s21, receiving a second instruction input by a user, wherein the second instruction comprises instructions for respectively configuring one or more wiring rules among the networks according to signal types respectively corresponding to the networks;
s22, configuring one or more wiring rules among the networks according to the second instruction.
In the step S21 and the step S22, the second instruction is an instruction for configuring a wiring rule between networks by the user operating the circuit diagram design software; the wiring rules may include wiring rules between the board layers and wiring rules between the signal lines, for example, the wiring rules between the board layers include allowing adjacent layer networks to overlap each other, allowing adjacent layer networks to be parallel to each other, allowing adjacent layer networks to be offset parallel, allowing interlayer networks to be offset parallel, for example, the wiring rules between the signal lines include allowing two signal lines to be separated by a thin ground or a low-frequency low-emissivity low-sensitivity signal line, allowing adjacent layer signal lines to cross (i.e., only one point to overlap), isolating left, right and lower sides of the surface layer signal lines by using ground lines, isolating upper, lower, left and right sides by using ground lines, and the like; the wiring rule described above is only for illustration of the present embodiment, and is not intended as a limitation of the wiring rule in the present application; by configuring wiring rules among networks, mutual interference among network signals is reduced, and the wiring rate of automatic wiring is improved.
In one embodiment, the network has different routing rules with respect to other networks, for example: the analog high-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network needs to be isolated from other networks by a wide ground wire and is far away from other high-radiation or high-sensitivity networks; the analog high-frequency high-radiation low-sensitivity network needs to be isolated from other networks by a wide ground wire and is far away from other high-sensitivity networks; the analog high-frequency low-radiation high-sensitivity network needs to be isolated from other networks by a wide ground wire and is far away from other networks with high radiation; the analog high-frequency low-radiation low-sensitivity network needs to be isolated from other networks by using a ground wire; the analog low-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network needs to be isolated from other networks by using ground wires and is far away from other high-frequency high-radiation or high-frequency high-sensitivity networks; the analog low-frequency high-radiation low-sensitivity network needs to be far away from the high-frequency high-sensitivity network; the analog low-frequency low-radiation high-sensitivity network needs to be far away from the high-frequency high-sensitivity network; the analog low-frequency low-radiation low-sensitivity network cannot run parallel to the high-radiation or high-sensitivity network at the same layer or adjacent layers; the digital high-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network needs to be isolated by a ground wire shield and is far away from the high-frequency high-sensitivity network; the digital high-frequency high-radiation low-sensitivity network needs to be far away from the high-frequency high-sensitivity network; the digital high-frequency low-radiation high-sensitivity network needs to be isolated by a ground wire shield and the like.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step S22 of configuring one or more of the wiring design rules between the networks according to the second instruction includes:
s221, generating a wiring rule matrix table among all the networks, wherein the wiring rule matrix table comprises network fields in a first row and a first column, and blank columns respectively corresponding to the network fields in the first row and the first column;
s222, adding one or more preset wiring rules corresponding to the network fields in the first row and the first column to the blank column so as to respectively configure one or more wiring rules among the networks.
In the above steps S221 and S222, as shown in fig. 2, the numbers 1-16 in the first row and the first column are numbers corresponding to networks of different signal types, for example, the number of the analog high-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network is 1, and the same numbers represent the same signal types; the blank columns are used for adding wiring rules between networks in corresponding rows and columns; in an embodiment, the above-mentioned wiring rules are denoted by english letters a-Z, and letters corresponding to one or more wiring rules between networks are added to blank columns, for example, numeral 1 in a row indicates an analog high-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network, numeral 16 in a column indicates an analog low-frequency low-radiation low-sensitivity network, letter a indicates that the wires cannot be laid in parallel on the same layer, and letter a is added to the blank columns corresponding to the letter a in the two to indicate that the analog high-frequency high-radiation high-sensitivity network and the analog low-radiation low-sensitivity network cannot be laid in parallel on the same layer; by adding routing rules to the routing rule matrix table, one or more routing rules are implemented that are configured between the same or different networks.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step S3 of performing PCB routing according to the routing rule includes:
s31, receiving a third instruction input by a user, wherein the third instruction comprises an instruction for PCB wiring;
s32, according to the third instruction, PCB wiring is conducted according to the wiring rule.
In the step S31 and the step S32, the circuit diagram designed by the circuit diagram design software is generated into a network table, a file corresponding to the network table is exported, the file is imported into the PCB design software, the PCB design software reads the data of the network table in the file, firstly, performs element layout according to the element table, then performs connection between element pins according to the connection network table, receives a third instruction input by a user, and automatically completes PCB routing according to the routing rule, thereby realizing automatic PCB routing without manually completing all routing in the PCB design software by the user, and improving user experience; the user can reasonably modify the wiring rules among the networks according to the wiring condition so as to improve the wiring rate of the wiring.
In an embodiment of the present application, after the step S3 of performing PCB routing according to the routing rule, the method includes:
s4, checking the wiring rate of the PCB according to a preset checking rule;
and S5, displaying the network names of the routing rate and the routing failure based on the checking result of the preset checking rule.
In the step S4 and the step S5, the preset inspection rule is a design inspection rule (DRC) including a wiring rule, and in order to avoid unreasonable errors in the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) design after wiring, the DRC is used to inspect whether the layout of each element and the wiring between networks are reasonable, and display the routing rate of the PCB wiring; specifically, DRC includes at least checking whether the ground wire design in the PCB design accords with the design rule, checking electromagnetic compatibility, i.e., whether long-distance equal routing occurs, checking whether decoupling capacitance approaches to the side of the functional component where it is located, checking whether each element crosses, checking whether the safe spacing of each element is within the range required by the conventional design rule, checking whether the routing of each element has a flying wire (i.e., is connected), checking whether the routing between networks accords with the data in the netlist, and checking the routing rate of the PCB routing; in an embodiment, the routing rate, the number of networks with failed routing and the network name are displayed, so that a user can conveniently adjust the routing rule of the network with failed routing, and whether the PCB design drawing after the optimized routing is reasonable or not is checked through DRC, thereby obtaining the optimal PCB design drawing.
Referring to fig. 3, an apparatus for PCB routing in an embodiment of the present application includes:
a first configuration module 1, configured to configure signal types of respective networks in a network table of the circuit diagram;
the second configuration module 2 is configured to configure wiring rules among the networks according to preset configuration rules according to signal types corresponding to the networks respectively;
and the wiring module 3 is used for carrying out PCB wiring according to the wiring rule.
In the device, the first configuration module 1 configures the signal types of the networks in the network table of the circuit diagram, distinguishes the interference types of network signals, the second configuration module 2 configures the wiring rules among the networks according to the signal types of the networks configured by the first configuration module 1, so that the networks with different signal types are prevented from being mixed together to be wired, the signals among the networks are prevented from being interfered with each other, and the wiring module 3 performs PCB wiring according to the wiring rules, thereby realizing automatic PCB wiring, eliminating the need of manual wiring by a user, improving the wiring efficiency, saving the time and energy of the user, and improving the user experience. The explanation of the above device may refer to the explanation in the corresponding method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present application, the first configuration module 1 includes:
a first receiving unit 11, configured to receive a first instruction input by a user, where the first instruction includes an instruction for configuring a signal type corresponding to each network in the network table;
the first configuration unit 12 is configured to configure, according to the first instruction, an analog-digital signal type, a frequency signal type, a sensitive signal type and/or a radiation signal type corresponding to each network in the network table, where the analog-digital signal type includes a digital signal type or an analog signal type, the frequency signal type includes a high-frequency type or a low-frequency type, the sensitive signal type includes a high-sensitivity type or a low-sensitivity type, and the radiation signal type includes a high-radiation type or a high-radiation type.
Referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment of the present application, the first configuration module 1 further includes:
a second configuration unit 13, configured to configure the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type, and/or the radiation signal type corresponding to the incomplete network as a low frequency type, a low sensitive type, and/or a low radiation type, respectively, if not; the signal type of each network in the network table of the configuration circuit diagram is at least one signal type of frequency signal type, sensitive signal type and/or radiation signal type corresponding to each network in the configuration network table, and the incomplete network is the network which is not completely configured with the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type contained in the signal type.
Referring to fig. 6, in an embodiment of the present application, the second configuration module 2 includes:
a second receiving unit 21, configured to receive a second instruction input by a user, where the second instruction includes an instruction to configure one or more routing rules between the networks according to signal types corresponding to the networks, respectively;
and a third configuration unit 22, configured to configure one or more of the routing rules between the networks according to the second instruction.
Referring to fig. 7, in an embodiment of the present application, the third configuration unit 22 includes:
a generating subunit 221, configured to generate a routing rule matrix table between all the networks, where the routing rule matrix table includes network fields located in a first row and a first column, and blank columns corresponding to the network fields in the first row and the first column respectively;
an adding subunit 222, configured to add one or more preset routing rules corresponding to the network fields in the first row and the first column to the blank column, so as to configure one or more routing rules between the networks respectively.
Referring to fig. 8, in an embodiment of the present application, the wiring module 3 includes:
a third receiving unit 31 for receiving a third instruction input by a user, the second instruction including an instruction to perform PCB routing;
and a wiring unit 32, configured to perform PCB wiring according to the wiring rule according to the third instruction.
Referring to fig. 9, in an embodiment of the present application, the apparatus includes:
an inspection module 4, configured to inspect the routing rate of the PCB routing according to a preset inspection rule;
and the display module 5 is used for displaying the circulation rate based on the checking result of the preset checking rule.
The explanation of the above device may refer to the explanation in the corresponding method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
Referring to fig. 10, a computer device 1001 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a memory 1003 and a processor 1002, the memory 1003 storing a computer program 1004, and the processor 1002 implementing the steps of the method for PCB routing described above when executing the computer program 1004.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the computer apparatus described herein and the apparatus described above are directed to performing one or more of the methods described herein. These devices may be specially designed and constructed for the required purposes, or may comprise known devices in general purpose computers. These devices have computer programs or applications stored therein that are selectively activated or reconfigured. Such a computer program may be stored in a device (e.g., a computer) readable medium or any type of medium suitable for storing electronic instructions and respectively coupled to a bus, including, but not limited to, any type of disk (including floppy disks, hard disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magneto-optical disks), ROMs (Read-Only memories), RAMs (Random Access Memory, random access memories), EPROMs (Erasable Programmable Read-Only memories), EEPROMs (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only memories), flash memories, magnetic cards, or optical cards. That is, a readable medium includes any medium that stores or transmits information in a form readable by a device (e.g., a computer).
Referring to fig. 11, in one embodiment of the application, a computer readable storage medium 2001, having stored thereon a computer program 2002, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method of PCB routing described above.
According to the method, the interference types of network signals are distinguished by configuring the signal types of the networks, so that wiring rules among the networks are configured according to the network signal types, and the networks with different signal types are prevented from being mixed together to be wired, so that the mutual interference of the signals among the networks is avoided; according to the wiring rule, automatic PCB wiring is achieved, so that manual wiring of a user is not needed, wiring efficiency is improved, time and energy of the user are saved, and user experience is improved.
The application also provides a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of PCB routing described in the above embodiments.
In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, produces a flow or function in accordance with embodiments of the present application, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, apparatus, article or method that comprises the element.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and drawings of the present application or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the application.
Claims (8)
1. A method of PCB routing, comprising:
configuring signal types of various networks in a network table of the circuit diagram;
according to the signal types corresponding to the networks, configuring wiring rules among the networks according to preset configuration rules;
according to the wiring rule, PCB wiring is conducted;
the step of configuring the wiring rule between the networks according to the signal types respectively corresponding to the networks and the preset configuration rule comprises the following steps:
receiving a second instruction input by a user, wherein the second instruction comprises instructions for respectively configuring one or more wiring rules among the networks according to signal types respectively corresponding to the networks;
according to the second instruction, configuring one or more wiring rules among the networks respectively;
after the step of performing the PCB routing according to the routing rule, the method includes:
checking the routing rate of the PCB wiring according to a preset checking rule;
displaying the circulation rate based on the checking result of the preset checking rule;
wherein, the preset checking rule further at least comprises: checking whether the ground wire design in the PCB design diagram accords with the design rule, checking whether long-distance equal wiring occurs, checking whether decoupling capacitors are positioned on one side of the functional components where the decoupling capacitors are positioned, checking whether the elements are crossed, checking whether the safety spacing of the elements is within the range required by the conventional design rule, checking whether the wiring of the elements has flying lines or not, and checking whether the wiring among networks accords with the data in the network table.
2. The method of PCB routing of claim 1, wherein the step of configuring the signal type of each network in the netlist of the circuit diagram comprises:
receiving a first instruction input by a user, wherein the first instruction comprises an instruction for configuring signal types corresponding to all networks in the network table;
according to the first instruction, configuring signal types corresponding to all networks in a network table; the signal types include an analog-to-digital signal type, a frequency signal type, a sensitive signal type, and/or a radiation signal type, wherein the analog-to-digital signal type includes a digital signal type or an analog signal type, the frequency signal type includes a high frequency type or a low frequency type, the sensitive signal type includes a high sensitivity type or a low sensitivity type, and the radiation signal type includes a high radiation type or a low radiation type.
3. The method of PCB routing according to claim 2, wherein after the step of configuring the signal type corresponding to each network in the network table according to the first instruction, the method further comprises:
the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type corresponding to the incomplete network are respectively configured into a low frequency type, a low sensitive type and/or a low radiation type; the signal type of each network in the network table of the configuration circuit diagram is at least one signal type of frequency signal type, sensitive signal type and/or radiation signal type corresponding to each network in the configuration network table, and the incomplete network is the network which is not completely configured with the frequency signal type, the sensitive signal type and/or the radiation signal type contained in the signal type.
4. The method of PCB routing according to claim 1, wherein the step of configuring the routing rules of one or more of the networks between each network, respectively, comprises:
generating a wiring rule matrix table among all the networks, wherein the wiring rule matrix table comprises network fields in a first row and a first column, and blank columns respectively corresponding to the network fields in the first row and the first column;
and adding one or more preset wiring rules corresponding to the network fields in the first row and the first column to the blank column so as to respectively configure one or more wiring rules among the networks.
5. The method of PCB routing according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing PCB routing according to the routing rules comprises:
receiving a third instruction input by a user, wherein the third instruction comprises an instruction for PCB wiring;
and according to the third instruction, PCB wiring is conducted according to the wiring rule.
6. An apparatus for PCB routing, comprising:
the first configuration module is used for configuring the signal types of all networks in the network table of the circuit diagram;
the second configuration module is used for configuring wiring rules among the networks according to preset configuration rules according to the signal types corresponding to the networks respectively;
the wiring module is used for carrying out PCB wiring according to the wiring rule;
the second receiving unit is used for receiving a second instruction input by a user, and the second instruction comprises instructions for respectively configuring one or more wiring rules among the networks according to signal types respectively corresponding to the networks;
a third configuration unit, configured to configure one or more of the routing rules between the networks according to the second instruction;
the inspection module is used for inspecting the wiring rate of the PCB according to a preset inspection rule;
the display module is used for displaying the circulation rate based on the checking result of the preset checking rule;
wherein, the preset checking rule further at least comprises: checking whether the ground wire design in the PCB design diagram accords with the design rule, checking whether long-distance equal wiring occurs, checking whether decoupling capacitors are positioned on one side of the functional components where the decoupling capacitors are positioned, checking whether the elements are crossed, checking whether the safety spacing of the elements is within the range required by the conventional design rule, checking whether the wiring of the elements has flying lines or not, and checking whether the wiring among networks accords with the data in the network table.
7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, carries out the steps of the method of PCB routing according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, realizes the steps of the method of PCB routing according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN110610052B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-04-30 | 中国科学院软件研究所 | PCB automatic wiring system and method |
| CN112464611B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-09-20 | 电子科技大学 | Automatic PCB wiring system based on cloud-end collaborative intelligent processing |
| CN112528591B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-10-14 | 电子科技大学 | Automatic PCB wiring method based on joint Monte Carlo tree search |
| CN114818589A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-29 | 山东浪潮科学研究院有限公司 | Method, equipment and medium for setting colors of same network and different parameters of PCB (printed circuit board) |
| CN116011389B (en) * | 2023-01-28 | 2023-06-06 | 上海合见工业软件集团有限公司 | Circuit schematic diagram route planning system based on space constraint |
| CN116894424B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2024-05-17 | 广东高云半导体科技股份有限公司 | Wiring method and device of FPGA |
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