CN109856228A - Material identification and classification method and its system - Google Patents
Material identification and classification method and its system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109856228A CN109856228A CN201910041420.7A CN201910041420A CN109856228A CN 109856228 A CN109856228 A CN 109856228A CN 201910041420 A CN201910041420 A CN 201910041420A CN 109856228 A CN109856228 A CN 109856228A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/60—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrostatic variables, e.g. electrographic flaw testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of material identification and classification method and its system, its array that different one or several kinds of known materials of electrostatic are formed to one or several probes on substrate, measured material is approached, contacted or left with the known materials surface of one or several probes, detection measured material before, approach, contact, leave or leave voltage or current signal on rear one or several probes, identified according to the voltage or current signal and the measured material of classifying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material identifications and classification method and its system, belong to according to material electrical properties come identification material
The relevant technology and systems of sensor.
Background technique
In recent years, with the development of artificial intelligence technology, a variety of pressure sensors, temperature sensor, photosensitive sensor and
Magnetometric sensor is applied in the complicated system such as robot, Medical Devices, electronic skin, accurate to perceive the various of ambient enviroment
Information becomes one of research hotspots in fields such as chemistry, electronics, instrument and medicine.It is accurately identified however, being able to achieve material category
It is but seldom had been reported that with the sensor of classification.
It will be appreciated that between various substances, there are electrostatics.So-called electrostatic is exactly according to two kinds of substance phase mutual connections
The polarity of electrostatic, the sequence that various substances are successively lined up are generated when touching.According to this sequence, when both front and back substance contacts,
The former is positively charged, and the latter is negatively charged.It can be explained with the work function of various substances difference or the polar group differences of substance.Electrification
Situations such as polarity, is also related with the factors such as temperature, impurity.It that is must be a kind of when the object of different material contacts with each other
Object is positively charged, and another object is negatively charged.Electrostatic refers to be had in mind from positive and negative charge, substance according to by positively charged
Column order is pushed away to what electronegative sequence was organized into.Here is a contact static electrification sequence:
(+) nylon, wool, silk, celluloid, cotton goods, metal, black rubber, terylene, vinylon, polystyrene, poly- third
Alkene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (-).
In the above sequence, nylon is easiest to lose electronics, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is most readily available electronics.Any one in sequence
Substance contacts friction with its subsequent substance, the former is positively charged, and the latter is negatively charged.Such as nylon and polyethylene CONTACT WITH FRICTION, Buddhist nun
Tengential belt positive electricity, polyethylene negative electricity.
Summary of the invention
The present inventor's several objects of material different to electrostatic are studied, and are had according to different materials different
Electrostatic principle is prepared for the array of one or more probe, is integrated on each probe in array different known
Material, different according to the electrostatic between measured material and the different known materials on probe and generation charge inducing is not
Together, determine measured material is which kind of upper material of popping one's head in, or determine the electrostatic of measured material relative on probe not
With the location of material electrostatic.
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of for realizing a kind of automatic identification of material and the method for classification and its to be
System.
A kind of material identification and classification method according to the present invention characterized by comprising by electrostatic it is different one
Kind perhaps several known materials formed on substrate the arrays of one or several probes by measured material and it is one or
The known materials surface of several probes approaches, contact perhaps leave detection measured material before, approach, contact, leaving or
The voltage or current signal on rear one or several probes is left, is identified according to the voltage or current signal
With the measured material of classifying.
Preferably, material according to the invention identification and classification method, also have respectively in one or several probes
There is conductive electrode, the known materials are formed on the conductive electrode, and the voltage or current signal is electric from the conduction
It draws pole.
Preferably, material according to the invention identification and classification method, the electricity with each probe in measured material before
On the basis of signal, when the upper no voltage variety of a probe or current signal all have voltage variety on remaining probe
The measured material is perhaps identified as to when current signal the known material of the probe for not having voltage variety or current signal
Material.
Preferably, material according to the invention identification and classification method, the electricity with each probe in measured material before
On the basis of signal, the timing after voltage signal change on all probes is all negative or current signal is all first negative, by institute
It states measured material and is classified as material classification of the electrostatic less than the known materials of the smallest probe of electrostatic in the array；
When the voltage signal change in the array on hithermost two probes of electrostatic occurs that electric symbol is opposite or electric current
When signal occurs just just negative afterwards with elder generation after first bearing, the measured material is classified as electrostatic electrostatic sequence in the array
Arrange the material classification between the known materials of the two hithermost probes；When the voltage signal change on all probes is all
When just or current signal is all first just negative afterwards, the measured material is classified as electrostatic greater than electrostatic sequence in the array
Arrange the material classification of the known materials of maximum probe.
A kind of material identification and categorizing system according to the present invention, for realizing above-mentioned material identification and classification method, packet
Include: probe module, electrical signal collection module, electric signal analysis and processing module, material determining module, measured material mobile module and
Control module, the probe module include one or several made of the different known materials of one or several electrostatics
A probe；Control information is arranged according to the parameter of the probe module for the control module, adopts for controlling the electric signal
Collect the work of module, the electric signal analysis and processing module, the material determining module and the measured material mobile module；Institute
Electrical signal collection module is stated under the control of the control module, is matched with the probe module, to the probe module
The electrostatic information between known materials and measured material on each probe is acquired, including pick up its voltage signal or
Person's current signal；The electric signal analysis and processing module is used for voltage signal or electricity from the electrical signal collection module
Stream signal be analyzed and processed, obtain for indicates pop one's head in known materials and measured material between electrostatic relationship can
Compare electric signal, is supplied to the material determining module；Material determining module analysis and processing module according to the electric signal
The electric signal of offer, according to the parameter information of each probe of the probe module of control module offer, according to described
The electrostatic table of pre-stored a variety of materials, identifies measured material or is classified in material determining module, and will
The measured material information of identification or classification is supplied to the control device；And the measured material mobile module is in the control
Under the control of molding block, the known materials surface popped one's head in measured material and the probe module is made to approach, contact and leave, and
Perhaps measured material that is identified or being classified is moved to by classification information for the identification determined according to the material determining module
Preassigned position.
Preferably, material according to the invention identification and categorizing system, further includes: result display module, according to
The information that material determining module provides, the material classification for showing identified material or being classified.
Preferably, material according to the invention identification and categorizing system, the known material of the measured material and the probe
The contact for expecting surface further includes CONTACT WITH FRICTION.
Preferably, voltage and current variation of the invention be after multiple friction as a result, in friction process measured material and
Probe storeroom can have the charge-exchange generated because the two electrostatic is different.
Preferably, material according to the invention identification and categorizing system, the known material of the measured material and the probe
Material surface area can according to need adjustment, distance change rate between the two is adjustable, between pressure adjustable.
Preferably, material according to the invention identification and categorizing system, the known material of the measured material and the probe
Material surface can carry out electrostatic treatment when needed.
Technical effect
According to the present invention, due to can be realized the identification and classification of object materials type, such as man-made electronic's skin
Or gloves etc. can under certain occasion routinely sensed pressure and identify and sort out while temperature substance material and
Its type provides for blind person or gloves user by the more information of cognition object；Manipulator in industrial production can be from
It is mixed in the set of multiple material object and identifies and sort out each material；In the application for the true and false for monitoring certain material
In, the identification and classification of material will also have important role.
From below in conjunction with description of the attached drawing to embodiment, above-mentioned and/or other aspects of the invention will be apparent and
It is easier to understand.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show the difference electrostatic material when materials A electrostatic is greater than material B electrostatic close, contact and
The schematic diagram of the variation of surface charge and voltage (potential) when leaving, wherein Fig. 1 (a) indicates that two materials are close, contact process
In generate on the electrode voltage signal variation schematic diagram；In electrode in departure process after Fig. 1 (b) two materials of expression
The schematic diagram of the voltage signal variation of upper generation；Fig. 1 (c) indicates that two materials are approached, contacted and left in continuous process in electricity
The schematic diagram of the variation of the extremely upper voltage signal generated.
Fig. 2 shows when materials A electrostatic is less than material B electrostatic, difference electrostatic material is close, contact and
The schematic diagram of the variation of surface charge and potential when leaving, wherein Fig. 2 (a) indicate two materials are close, in contact process in electricity
The schematic diagram of the extremely upper voltage signal variation generated；It is generated on the electrode in departure process after Fig. 2 (b) two materials of expression
Voltage signal variation schematic diagram；Fig. 2 (c) indicates that two materials are approached, contact and left in continuous process and produces on the electrode
The schematic diagram of the variation of raw voltage signal.
Fig. 3 show the difference electrostatic material when materials A electrostatic is greater than material B electrostatic close, contact and
The schematic diagram of the variation of surface charge and electric current when leaving, wherein Fig. 3 (a) indicate two materials are close, in contact process in electricity
The schematic diagram of the extremely upper current signal variation generated；It is generated on the electrode in departure process after Fig. 3 (b) two materials of expression
Current signal variation schematic diagram；Fig. 3 (c) indicates that two materials are approached, contact and left in continuous process and produces on the electrode
The schematic diagram of the variation of raw current signal.
Fig. 4 show the difference electrostatic material when materials A electrostatic is less than material B electrostatic close, contact and
The schematic diagram of the variation of surface charge and electric current when leaving, wherein Fig. 4 (a) indicate two materials are close, in contact process in electricity
The schematic diagram of the extremely upper current signal variation generated；It is generated on the electrode in departure process after Fig. 4 (b) two materials of expression
Current signal variation schematic diagram；Fig. 4 (c) indicates that two materials are approached, contact and left in continuous process and produces on the electrode
The schematic diagram of the variation of raw current signal.
Fig. 5 shows a kind of circuit connection that two kinds of material electrostatic information is obtained by voltage signal according to the present invention
Example.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram for illustrating the embodiment of material according to the invention identification and classification method.
Fig. 7 is the functional module structure schematic diagram of material according to the invention identification and categorizing system.
Fig. 8 shows tested in the probe and measured material mobile module in the probe module of an example according to the present invention
Mechanical erection schematic diagram between material.
Fig. 9 indicates that measured material can have with probe storeroom in friction process and generates because the two electrostatic is different
Charge-exchange such case an example.
Figure 10 is the sonde configuration schematic diagram of an example according to the present invention.
Figure 11 is the measured material of example and its schematic diagram of support substrate according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate that specific embodiments of the present invention, the scope of the present invention are not limited to the specific implementation of explanation with reference to the accompanying drawing
Example.In order to describe conveniently, present invention provide that two materials compare, it is easy to lose electronics and positively charged material electrostatic
Greatly, it is easy to get electronics and electronegative material electrostatic is small.
Material according to the invention identification and classification method
The principle of material identification in the present invention are as follows: under identical environment, different materials has different surface electrostatics
Sequence, when two different materials are during contact, due to different electrostatics, in two different material surface meetings
The opposite charge of symbol is produced respectively, we are according to the electrode made of one of material together with material
Potential difference variation between (probe) and ground, so that it may judge electrically charged positive and negative of the material surface, so that it may according to charge
The positive and negative electrostatic size (information) for further contrasting both materials, the positively charged material electrostatic in surface
Greatly, the negatively charged material electrostatic in surface is small.
1. obtaining two kinds of material electrostatic information by voltage
Fig. 1 show the difference electrostatic material when materials A electrostatic is greater than material B electrostatic close, contact and
The schematic diagram of the variation of surface charge and voltage (potential) when leaving.Fig. 1 (a) indicate two materials are close, in contact process
The schematic diagram of the voltage signal variation generated on electrode；It is produced on the electrode in departure process after Fig. 1 (b) two materials of expression
The schematic diagram of raw voltage signal variation；Fig. 1 (c) indicates that two materials are approached, contacted and left in continuous process on the electrode
The schematic diagram of the variation of the voltage signal of generation.
When materials A electrostatic is greater than material B electrostatic, as shown in Fig. 1 (a), material B is close, contact material A
In the process, material B surface can gradually accumulate negative electrical charge, meanwhile, the surface of materials A has the positive charge accumulation gradually increased.This
During a, negative electrical charge outflow will occur in the electrode being connected with materials A, on the basis of the voltage of material B and materials A before,
The variable quantity △ V that voltmeter measures voltage at this time is negative.In this process, voltmeter will show to illustrate on the right side of Fig. 1 (a)
Shown in when m- voltage change.In this case, if material B leaves materials A, i.e., when two materials disengage, with material
A connected electrode will will appear negative electrical charge inflow, and as shown in Fig. 1 (b), during this, the voltmeter being connected with electrode understands table
Voltage-vs-time variation schematically in revealing on the right side of Fig. 1 (b), △ V from negative variation be 0.Two materials are approached, contact and are left
Process it is coherent together, the voltage change as shown in Fig. 1 (c) just can be obtained from voltmeter.
Fig. 2 shows when materials A electrostatic is less than material B electrostatic, difference electrostatic material is close, contact and
The schematic diagram of the variation of surface charge and potential when leaving.Fig. 2 (a) indicate two materials are close, in contact process on the electrode
The schematic diagram of the voltage signal variation of generation；The electricity generated on the electrode in departure process after Fig. 2 (b) two materials of expression
Press the schematic diagram of signal intensity；Fig. 2 (c) indicates that two materials are approached, contact and left and generates on the electrode in continuous process
The schematic diagram of the variation of voltage signal.
When materials A electrostatic is less than material B electrostatic, as shown in Fig. 2 (a), material B is close, contact material A
In the process, material B surface can gradually accumulate positive charge, meanwhile, the surface of materials A has the negative electrical charge accumulation gradually increased, with A
Connected electrode has negative electrical charge to flow into and (be equivalent to positive charge outflow).On the basis of the voltage of material B and materials A before, this
When voltmeter measure the variable quantity △ V of voltage and be positive.In this process, shown in voltmeter will be shown on the right side of Fig. 2 (a)
When m- voltage change.In this case, if material B leaves materials A and is connected when that is, two materials disengage with materials A
Electrode will will appear negative electrical charge outflow (be equivalent to positive charge inflow), as shown in Fig. 2 (b), during this, be connected with electrode
Voltmeter can show on the right side of Fig. 2 (b) shown in voltage-vs-time variation, △ V from positive variation be 0.Two materials are approached, are connect
It touches together with linking up with the process left, the voltage change as shown in Fig. 2 (c) just can be obtained from voltmeter.
When it is same material that materials A electrostatic, which is equal to material B electrostatic i.e. two kinds of materials, material B is close, contact
During leaving materials A, without voltage variety.
2. obtaining two kinds of material electrostatic information by electric current
Fig. 3 show the difference electrostatic material when materials A electrostatic is greater than material B electrostatic close, contact and
The schematic diagram of the variation of surface charge and electric current when leaving.Fig. 3 (a) indicate two materials are close, in contact process on the electrode
The schematic diagram of the current signal variation of generation；The electricity generated on the electrode in departure process after Fig. 3 (b) two materials of expression
Flow the schematic diagram of signal intensity；Fig. 3 (c) indicates that two materials are approached, contact and left and generates on the electrode in continuous process
The schematic diagram of the variation of current signal.
When materials A electrostatic be greater than material B electrostatic when, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), material B approach, contact material A
When, material B surface can gradually accumulate negative electrical charge, meanwhile, the surface of materials A has the positive charge accumulation gradually increased, this mistake
Cheng Zhong, the electrode being connected with materials A have negative electrical charge outflow, and the ammeter being connected with electrode can show a negative pulse.
In this case, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), if material B leaves materials A, the electrode being connected with materials A has negative electrical charge to electrode
It flows into, during this, the ammeter being connected with electrode can show a positive pulse.So two materials are close, contact
Together with coherent with the process left, ammeter just obtains just two pulses after the electric current as shown in Fig. 3 (c) is first born.
Fig. 4 show the difference electrostatic material when materials A electrostatic is less than material B electrostatic close, contact and
The schematic diagram of the variation of surface charge and electric current when leaving.Fig. 4 (a) indicate two materials are close, in contact process on the electrode
The schematic diagram of the current signal variation of generation；The electricity generated on the electrode in departure process after Fig. 4 (b) two materials of expression
Flow the schematic diagram of signal intensity；Fig. 4 (c) indicates that two materials are approached, contact and left and generates on the electrode in continuous process
The schematic diagram of the variation of current signal.
When materials A electrostatic be less than material B electrostatic when, as shown in Fig. 4 (a), material B approach, contact material A
When, material B surface can gradually accumulate positive charge, meanwhile, the surface of materials A has the negative electrical charge accumulation gradually increased, this mistake
Cheng Zhong, the electrode being connected with materials A have negative electrical charge and flow into and (be equivalent to positive charge outflow), and the ammeter being connected with electrode can table
Reveal a positive pulse.In this case, as shown in Fig. 4 (b), if material B leaves materials A, the electrode being connected with materials A
Negative electrical charge outflow (be equivalent to positive charge inflow) is had, during this, the ammeter being connected with electrode can show one and bear
Pulse.Together with the process that so two materials are approached, contact and left is coherent, ammeter is just obtained as shown in Fig. 4 (c)
Electric current first just minus two pulses afterwards.
As above-mentioned, if the pulse that we only observe when leaving is positive and negative, the electricity of A material surface accumulation can also be reasoned out
Lotus is positive and negative, that is, corresponding pulse is that just, then illustrate accumulation is positive charge, on the contrary, if corresponding pulse when leaving when leaving
Be it is negative, then illustrate accumulation be negative electrical charge.Equally, pulse when only can also consider close is positive and negative to infer A material surface
The charge of accumulation is positive and negative.
When the identical material of two kinds of electrostatics is during approaching, contacting and leaving, two material surfaces will not
The opposite charge of symbol is produced, material is close, contact will not go out with the current signal generated on the electrode in departure process
Existing positive negative pulse stuffing.
Fig. 5 shows a kind of circuit connection that two kinds of material electrostatic information is obtained by voltage signal according to the present invention
Example.According to Fig. 5, capacitor, resistance and voltmeter are connected in parallel between electrode and ground, are for pick-up voltage signal
A kind of preferred connection type of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 circuit connection.
Therefore, the information for the electrostatic that two kinds of materials are obtained above by voltage or current is utilized, it is possible to determine that two
Whether the electrostatic of kind of material identical and whose whose big small relationship, can carry out material identification and classification.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram for illustrating the embodiment of material according to the invention identification and classification method, is known
Three kinds of materials As 1, A2, A3, identifying one, which in these three materials need the unknown material (measured material 3) found out be
Kind material or the identification and classification method classified and process schematic.
In this embodiment, form three probes on substrate 1, i.e., the probe that is formed by electrode 2-1 and known materials A1,
By probe electrode 2-2 and known materials A2 the probe formed and formed by electrode 2-3 and known materials A3.According to this hair
It is bright, a probe or more than three probes can also be only formed in other embodiments.In addition, in the above-mentioned of this specification
In each example, although illustrating electrode 2,2-1 to be formed, 2-2,2-3 etc., but if forming known materials A, the A1 of probe,
A2, A3 are good conductors, it may not be necessary to this electrode, and electrode is formed by known materials A, A1, A2, A3 itself.
According to the present invention, for purposes of illustration, it is assumed that if we have the known materials of i, their electrostatic it is also known that,
When we have a detected materials x, and know that it is one of known i kind material, we can be by comparing
Know the electrostatic of material and detected materials and identifies the type of detected materials.As shown in fig. 6, we are known to these three first
Material is made into probe, it is known that three kinds of materials electrostatic sequence be A1 < A2 < A3, their electrode is respectively 2-1,2-2
And 2-3, each electrode connect a voltmeter, measure corresponding probe voltage signal.
If measured material 3 is known materials A1, one kind of A2, A3, therefore the known materials working as measured material 3 and popping one's head in
A1, A2, A3 contact when, A1, A2, A3 tri- probe on positive and negative charge the case where, that is, voltmeter V1, V2, V3 shown in voltage
Change amount signal " △ V1, △ V2, △ V3 " are one of following situations: " 0 ,-,-", "+, 0 ,-" and "+,+, 0 ", wherein " 0 " table
Show △ V=0, "+" indicates V>0 △, and "-" indicates V<0 △.If it is the first situation, measured material is A1；If it is second
Situation, measured material are A2；If it is the third situation, measured material is A3.Thus measured material 3 is identified.
Above-mentioned is the known materials A1 by picking up when measured material 3 and probe, voltmeter V1, V2, V3 when A2, A3 are contacted
Shown in voltage signal change identify measured material, according to the present invention it is also possible to using by when measured material 3 and probe
Known materials A1, A2, A3 before, contact and leave rear voltmeter V1, voltage signal change shown in V2, V3 identifies
Measured material.
When measured material 3 is in front of, contacted and left under rear three kinds of states with probe, if measured material 3 is
A1 class material, then A1, A2, A3 tri- probe on positive and negative charge the case where, that is, voltmeter V1, V2, V3 shown in voltage signal
Variable quantity is respectively: △ V1=" 0,0,0 "；△ V2=" 0 ,-, 0 "；△ V3=" 0 ,-, 0 ", wherein " 0 " indicates △ V=0, "+"
Indicate V>0 △, "-" indicates V<0 △, that is to say, that if voltage signal change shown in voltmeter V1, V2, V3 is respectively
△ V1=" 0,0,0 ", △ V2=" 0 ,-, 0 ", △ V3=" 0 ,-, 0 ", then it may recognize that measured material 3 is A1 class material；If
Measured material 3 is A2 class material, then A1, A2, A3 tri- probe on positive and negative charge the case where, that is, voltmeter V1, V2, shown in V3
Voltage signal change be respectively: △ V1=" 0 ,+, 0 "；△ V2=" 0,0,0 "；△ V3=" 0 ,-, 0 ", that is to say, that such as
Voltage signal change shown in fruit voltmeter V1, V2, V3 be respectively △ V1=" 0 ,+, 0 ", △ V2=" 0,0,0 ", △ V3=
" 0 ,-, 0 ", then it may recognize that measured material 3 is A2 class material；If measured material 3 is A3 class material, A1, A2, A3 tri-
Voltage signal change shown in the case where on probe with positive and negative charge, that is, voltmeter V1, V2, V3 is respectively: △ V1=" 0 ,+,
0"；△ V2=" 0 ,+, 0 "；△ V3=" 0,0,0 ", that is to say, that if voltage signal shown in voltmeter V1, V2, V3 is distinguished
Be △ V1=" 0 ,+, 0 ", △ V2=" 0 ,+, 0 ", △ V3=" 0,0,0 ", then may recognize that measured material 3 is A3 class material.
According to the present invention, for measured material 3, other than it can proceed as described above identification, to be not belonging to probe on
The measured material of known materials can also classify according to its electrostatic.
As shown in fig. 6, to the measured material 3 of one of known materials A1, A2, A3 being not belonging on probe, according to the present invention,
Can be classified as following classification: electrostatic is less than the material classification of A1 electrostatic；Electrostatic is greater than A1 electrostatic sequence
Column but the material classification for being less than A2 electrostatic；Electrostatic is greater than A2 electrostatic but is less than the material class of A3 electrostatic
Not；And electrostatic is greater than the material classification of A3 electrostatic.It is illustrated below with reference to Fig. 6.
As shown in fig. 6, since measured material 3 is not known materials A1, one kind of A2, A3, therefore when measured material 3 and visit
The known materials A1 of head, when A2, A3 are contacted, the case where on A1, A2, A3 tri- probes with positive and negative charge, that is, voltmeter V1, V2,
Voltage signal change shown in V3 " △ V1, △ V2, △ V3 " will be one of following situations: "-,-,-", "+,-,-", "+,
+ ,-" and "+,+,+", wherein "+" indicates V>0 △, and "-" indicates V<0 △.If it is the first situation, measured material belongs to quiet
Electric array is less than the material classification of A1 electrostatic；If it is second situation, it is quiet greater than A1 that measured material belongs to electrostatic
Electric array but the material classification for being less than A2 electrostatic；If it is the third situation, measured material belongs to electrostatic greater than A2
Electrostatic but the material classification for being less than A3 electrostatic；If it is the 4th kind of situation, measured material belongs to electrostatic and is greater than
The material classification of A3 electrostatic.
Above-mentioned is the known materials A1 by picking up when measured material 3 and probe, voltmeter V1, V2, V3 when A2, A3 are contacted
Shown in voltage signal change it is positive and negative come measured material of classifying, as described above, according to the present invention it is also possible to by pick up work as quilt
Measure and monitor the growth of standing timber the material 3 and known materials A1 to pop one's head in, and A2, A3 are in front of, contact and leave rear voltmeter V1, electricity shown in V2, V3
Press change amount signal positive and negative come measured material 3 of classifying.
As shown in fig. 6, as the known materials A1 of measured material 3 and probe, after A2, A3 are in front of, contact and leave
When under three kinds of states, if measured material 3 belong to electrostatic be less than A1 electrostatic material classification, A1, A2, A3 tri-
Voltage signal change shown in the case where on probe with positive and negative charge, that is, voltmeter V1, V2, V3 is respectively: △ V1=" 0 ,-,
0"；△ V2=" 0 ,-, 0 "；△ V3=" 0 ,-, 0 ", wherein " 0 " indicates △ V=0, and "+" indicates V>0 △, and "-" indicates V<0 △,
That is, if voltage signal change shown in voltmeter V1, V2, V3 be respectively △ V1=" 0 ,-, 0 ", △ V2=
" 0 ,-, 0 ", △ V3=" 0 ,-, 0 ", then it may recognize that measured material 3 belongs to the material class that electrostatic is less than A1 electrostatic
Not；If measured material 3 belongs to electrostatic greater than A1 electrostatic but is less than the material classification of A2 electrostatic, A1, A2,
Voltage signal change shown in the case where on A3 tri- probes with positive and negative charge, that is, voltmeter V1, V2, V3 is respectively: △ V1
=" 0 ,+, 0 "；△ V2=" 0 ,-, 0 "；△ V3=" 0 ,-, 0 ", wherein " 0 " indicates △ V=0, and "+" indicates V > 0 △, and "-" indicates
V < 0 △, that is to say, that if voltage signal change shown in voltmeter V1, V2, V3 be respectively △ V1=" 0 ,+, 0 ", △ V2
=" 0 ,-, 0 ", △ V3=" 0 ,-, 0 ", then it may recognize that measured material 3 belongs to electrostatic greater than A1 electrostatic but is less than A2
The material classification of electrostatic；If measured material 3 belongs to electrostatic greater than A2 electrostatic but is less than A3 electrostatic
Material classification, then A1, A2, A3 tri- probe on positive and negative charge the case where, that is, voltmeter V1, V2, V3 shown in voltage signal
Variable quantity is respectively: △ V1=" 0 ,+, 0 "；△ V2=" 0 ,+, 0 "；△ V3=" 0 ,-, 0 ", that is to say, that if voltmeter V1,
Voltage signal change shown in V2, V3 be respectively △ V1=" 0 ,+, 0 ", △ V2=" 0 ,+, 0 ", △ V3=" 0 ,-, 0 ", then may be used
Identify that measured material 3 belongs to electrostatic greater than A2 electrostatic but is less than the material classification of A3 electrostatic；If tested
Material 3 belong to electrostatic be greater than A3 material classification, then A1, A2, A3 tri- probe on positive and negative charge the case where, that is, voltage
Table V 1, V2, voltage signal change shown in V3 is respectively: △ V1=" 0 ,+, 0 "；△ V2=" 0 ,+, 0 "；△ V3=" 0 ,+,
0 ", that is to say, that if voltage signal shown in voltmeter V1, V2, V3 be respectively △ V1=" 0 ,+, 0 ", △ V2=" 0 ,+,
0 ", △ V3=" 0 ,+, 0 ", then it may recognize that measured material 3 belongs to the material classification that electrostatic is greater than A3 electrostatic.
According to the present invention it is possible to as needed come select by pick up when measured material 3 and probe known materials A1,
Voltage signal change shown in voltmeter V1, V2, V3 identifies and measured material of classifying when A2, A3 are contacted, or selection is logical
The known materials A1 picked up when measured material 3 and probe is crossed, when after A2, A3 being in front of, contact and leave under three kinds of states
Voltage signal change shown in voltmeter V1, V2, V3 identifies and measured material of classifying.Certainly, the invention is not limited thereto,
May include accordingly obtained from other way.
As described above, the probe different by 3 electrostatics, at 4 classes and can identify three kinds of materials for material classification
Material.Those of ordinary skill in the art can release, can be by material classification at i+1 class by the different probe of i electrostatic
With identify that i kind material, i are natural number.
According to the present invention, according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it can choose the known material for working as measured material and probe by picking up
Material from be close to contact perhaps from touch leave when ammeter shown in current signal come identify and classify measured material or
Selection by pick up when measured material is approached, contacts and is left with the known materials of probe current signal shown in ammeter come
Identification and classification measured material, or other way obtained from selection accordingly, these are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention
Within.Those of ordinary skill in the art can apparently be understood according to above disclosure and obtain according to current signal come
The method of identification and classification measured material, which is not described herein again.
In summary, material according to the invention identification and classification method, with each probe before measured material is close
On the basis of electric signal, when the upper no voltage variety of a probe or current signal all have voltage change on remaining probe
The measured material is identified as known to the probe for not having voltage variety or current signal when measuring perhaps current signal
Material；The timing after voltage signal change on all probes is all negative or current signal is all first negative, will be described tested
Material classification is the material classification that electrostatic is less than the known materials of the smallest probe of electrostatic in the array；When described
Voltage signal change in array on hithermost two probes of electrostatic electric symbol occurs on the contrary or current signal goes out
Now first bear after just with first it is just negative afterwards when, by the measured material be classified as electrostatic in the array electrostatic near
Material classification between the known materials of the two close probes；All be positive when the voltage signal change on all probes or
When current signal is all first just negative afterwards, it is maximum greater than electrostatic in the array that the measured material is classified as electrostatic
Probe known materials material classification.
Material according to the invention identification and categorizing system
Fig. 7 is the functional module structure schematic diagram of material according to the invention identification and categorizing system, for realizing above-mentioned
Material according to the invention identification and classification method.As shown in fig. 7, it mainly includes probe module 11, electrical signal collection module
12, electric signal analysis and processing module 13, material determining module 14, result display module 15, control module (CPU) 16, measured and monitored the growth of standing timber
Expect mobile module 17 etc..
Probe module 11 includes one or several probes made of one or several different known materials, these
The electrostatic of known materials is it is known that can be using present invention any kind probe mode above-mentioned.
Parameter of the control module 16 according to probe module 11, the electrostatic including each known materials on probe number, probe
Sequence relation, electric signal pick up mode (voltage or current) etc. control information is arranged, for controlling electrical signal collection module
12, electric signal analysis and processing module 13, the synchronous working of material determining module 14 and measured material mobile module 17.
Electrical signal collection module 12 matches under the control of control module 16 with probe module 11, to probe module 11
Each probe on known materials and measured material between electrostatic information be acquired, including pick up earlier in respect of figures
1, voltage signal or current signal described in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 etc..
Electric signal analysis and processing module 13 is used for voltage signal or current signal from electrical signal collection module 12
It is analyzed and processed, including amplify or amplitude limiting processing etc. (when needed), obtains the known materials for indicating probe
The stable comparable electric signal of electrostatic relationship between measured material, is supplied to material determining module 14.
The electric signal that material determining module 14 is provided according to electric signal analysis and processing module 13 is provided according to control module 16
Probe module 11 each probe parameter information, according to the electrostatic of a variety of materials pre-stored in material determining module 14
Sequence table identifies measured material and is perhaps classified and the measured material information of identification or classification is supplied to control mould
Block 16 and display module 15.
Here is the electrostatic table of some materials.
The information that result display module 15 is provided according to material determining module 14 shows identified material or is classified
Material classification (group).
Measured material mobile module 17 makes to pop one's head in measured material and probe module 11 under the control of control module 16
Known materials surface approaches, contacts and leaves, and the identification or classification information determined according to material determining module 14, will be known
Measured material that is other or being classified is moved to preassigned position.
Control module 16 is the control centre of whole system, control modules work.
As an example, Fig. 8 provides being measured and monitored the growth of standing timber in probe and measured material mobile module 17 in probe module 11
Mechanical erection schematic diagram between material includes support component in figure, vacuum suction component, probe, probe is fixed and opposite can move
Dynamic device, measured material etc..As shown in figure 8, probe is fixed on the probe fixation for belonging to measured material mobile module 17 and can
In relative movement device, measured material plane is opposite with probe face, and the distance between they d can be in the mobile mould of measured material
Block 17 is fixed by probe after receiving the signal for carrying out self-control device 16 and can the automatic adjustment of relative movement device mobile probe.
Under support component and the collective effect of vacuum suction component, measured material and its substrate can be fixed absorption.Vacuum suction
Component is connected by a valve with support component.
Belong to the probe fixation of measured material mobile module 17 in addition to probe shown in Fig. 8 is fixed on and can relatively move
Except on device, according to the present invention, measured material substrate 4 can also be fixed on the substrate for belonging to measured material mobile module 17
Fixed and can be in relative movement device (not shown), measured material plane be opposite with probe face, and the distance between they d can be with
It is fixed after receiving the signal for carrying out self-control device 16 in measured material mobile module 17 by substrate and can relative movement device
Mobile measured material substrate automatic adjustment, under support component and the collective effect of vacuum suction component, measured material and its base
Bottom is fixed absorption.
Preferably, according to the present invention, the known materials surface of measured material and probe can also carry out CONTACT WITH FRICTION.
Preferably, voltage and current of the invention variation is after repeatedly rubbing as a result, Fig. 9 indicates to be tested in friction process
Material can have an example of such case of the charge-exchange generated because the two electrostatic is different with probe storeroom.
Material B electrostatic is greater than materials A electrostatic, and after multiple-contact, material B surface may be positively charged, materials A surface
It may be negatively charged.Under this situation, when two materials are again before, can exist on the electrode that is connect with materials A
Positive charge reaches balance with the negative electrical charge on materials A surface, has a voltage value on voltmeter, i.e. subsequent voltage will be as
Benchmark changes.Material B is approached, during contact material A, the negative electrical charge on materials A surface and the positive charge of material B surface
Interaction causes the electrode being connected with A to have negative electrical charge to flow into and (be equivalent to positive charge outflow).With material B and materials A before
Voltage on the basis of, the variable quantity △ V that voltmeter measures voltage at this time is positive.In this process, voltmeter will show as
M- voltage change when shown on the right side of Fig. 9 (a).In this case, if material B leaves materials A, i.e. two material disengagings connect
When touching, the electrode being connected with materials A will will appear negative electrical charge outflow (being equivalent to positive charge inflow), as shown in Fig. 9 (b), this
In the process, the voltmeter being connected with electrode can show voltage-vs-time variation shown in the right side Fig. 9 (b), and △ V is from positive variation
0.Together with the process that two materials are approached, contact and left is coherent, the voltage as shown in Fig. 9 (c) just can be obtained from voltmeter
Variation.There is similar result with Fig. 2 embodiment signal intensity.
Preferably, according to the present invention, the area on the known materials surface of measured material and probe can according to need adjustment,
Distance change rate between the two is adjustable, between pressure adjustable.
Preferably, according to the present invention, the known materials surface of measured material and probe can carry out electrostatic when needed
Processing.
As an example, Figure 10 is sonde configuration schematic diagram according to the present invention.Probe is the core of whole system
One of part, as shown in Figure 10, including the conducting layer electrode 2 in substrate 1 and its front, conducting layer electrode 2, which can be, to be left each other
One or more electrode (2-1,2-1 ... 2-n), these electrodes can according to need it is independent or connected after draw, with electrode
2-n connected at least a kind of thin-film material An.Substrate 1 can be an a kind of entirety of material, be also possible to and different electricity
Multiple small substrates (1-1,1-2 ..., 1-n) of extremely corresponding not type materials.Figure 11 is showing for measured material and its support substrate
It is intended to, including measured material substrate 4 and measured material 3.If measured material has certain rigidity, substrate can not had to.
Further include controllable motor system, movable mechanical arm, manipulator etc. in measured material mobile module 17, is receiving
After signal from control module 16, according to the difference of signal, motor rotates mechanical arm, reaches different specified positions, then
Feedback signal gives vacuum suction component, discharges measured material, and measured material that is identified or being classified is placed on by manipulator
Defined position.
The present invention has been described in detail by above in conjunction with each embodiment, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this public affairs
The embodiment opened.Those of ordinary skill in the art can spirit according to the present invention improve the present invention, it is to be understood that,
Still fall within the range of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of material identification and classification method characterized by comprising will be known to the different one or several kinds of electrostatic
Material forms the array of one or several probes on substrate, will be known to measured material and one or several probes
Material surface approaches, contact perhaps leave detection measured material before, approach, contact, leave or leave it is rear one
Or the voltage or current signal on several probes, it is identified and is classified described tested according to the voltage or current signal
Material.
2. material identification according to claim 1 and classification method, which is characterized in that also divide in one or several probes
Not Ju You conductive electrode, the known materials are formed on the conductive electrode, and the voltage or current signal is led from described
Electrode is drawn.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 material identification and classification method, which is characterized in that with it is each probe in measured material
On the basis of electric signal before, when the upper no voltage variety of a probe or current signal all have on remaining probe
Voltage variety perhaps current signal when the measured material is identified as the spy for not having voltage variety or current signal
The known materials of head.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 material identification and classification method, which is characterized in that with it is each probe in measured material
On the basis of electric signal before, after the voltage signal change on all probes is all negative or current signal is all first negative
The measured material is classified as electrostatic less than the known materials of the smallest probe of electrostatic in the array by timing
Material classification；When electric symbol occur opposite for the voltage signal change in the array on hithermost two probes of electrostatic
Or current signal occur first bear after just with first it is just negative afterwards when, the measured material is classified as electrostatic between the array
Material classification between the known materials of the two hithermost probes of middle electrostatic；When the voltage signal on all probes becomes
When change amount is all positive or current signal is all first just negative afterwards, the measured material is classified as electrostatic greater than the array
The material classification of the known materials of the middle maximum probe of electrostatic.
5. a kind of material identification and categorizing system, for realizing any one of the claims 1 to 4 material identification and point
Class method, comprising: probe module, electrical signal collection module, electric signal analysis and processing module, material determining module, measured material
Mobile module and control module,
The probe module includes one or several spies made of the different known materials of one or several electrostatics
Head；
Control information is arranged according to the parameter of the probe module for the control module, for controlling the electrical signal collection mould
The work of block, the electric signal analysis and processing module, the material determining module and the measured material mobile module；
The electrical signal collection module matches under the control of the control module with the probe module, to the probe
The electrostatic information between known materials and measured material on each probe of module is acquired, including picks up its voltage
Signal or current signal；
The electric signal analysis and processing module is used for voltage signal or current signal from the electrical signal collection module
It is analyzed and processed, obtains the comparable electricity of the electrostatic relationship between the known materials and measured material for indicating probe
Signal is supplied to the material determining module；
The material determining module electric signal that analysis and processing module provides according to the electric signal, mentions according to the control module
The parameter information of each probe of the probe module supplied, according to pre-stored a variety of materials in the material determining module
Electrostatic table, measured material is identified perhaps classified and by identification or classification measured material information be supplied to
The control device；And
The measured material mobile module makes to pop one's head in measured material and the probe module under the control of the control module
Known materials surface approach, contact and leave, and according to the material determining module determine identification or classification information, will
Measured material that is identified or being classified is moved to preassigned position.
6. material identification according to claim 5 and categorizing system, which is characterized in that further include:
Result display module shows identified material or is classified according to the information that the material determining module provides
Material classification.
7. material identification according to claim 6 and categorizing system, which is characterized in that the measured material and the probe are
The contact for knowing material surface further includes CONTACT WITH FRICTION.
8. material identification according to claim 6 and categorizing system, which is characterized in that the measured material and the probe are
Know that the area of material surface can according to need adjustment, distance change rate between the two is adjustable, between pressure adjustable.
9. material identification according to claim 6 and categorizing system, which is characterized in that the measured material and the probe are
Know that material surface can carry out electrostatic treatment when needed.
10. material identification according to claim 6 and categorizing system, which is characterized in that the voltage and current variation is repeatedly to rub
Result after wiping, measured material can have the electricity generated because the two electrostatic is different with probe storeroom in friction process
Lotus exchange.
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| CN201910041420.7A CN109856228B (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Material identification and classification method and system thereof |
| PCT/CN2019/122857 WO2020147447A1 (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-12-04 | Material identification and classification method and system |
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| CN111289570A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-16 | 天津大学 | Component coating debonding nondestructive testing device |
| WO2020147447A1 (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-23 | 清华大学 | Material identification and classification method and system |
| CN112764118A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 惠州市元盛科技有限公司 | System for judging moving direction of human body |
| CN114371210A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏大学 | Beverage bottle material identification method based on electrostatic detection technology |
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| WO2020147447A1 (en) | 2020-07-23 |
| CN109856228B (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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