CN109855525A - Effect target deformation measuring device and measurement method based on dielectric elastomer - Google Patents
Effect target deformation measuring device and measurement method based on dielectric elastomer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109855525A CN109855525A CN201811521023.1A CN201811521023A CN109855525A CN 109855525 A CN109855525 A CN 109855525A CN 201811521023 A CN201811521023 A CN 201811521023A CN 109855525 A CN109855525 A CN 109855525A
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- effect target
- jackshaft
- thin film
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of effect target deformation measuring device and measurement method based on dielectric elastomer.The device includes pedestal, the shell and linear bearing being fixed by screws on pedestal, it is fixed in the dielectric elastomeric body thin film of upper and lower surface brushing flexible electrode by fixed frame periphery, it is then placed into the groove of upper shell and is adopted by cover board and is screwed, two conductive rods pass through upper surface conductive fabric and lower surface conductive fabric and upper surface flexible electrode respectively, the connection of lower surface flexible electrode, spring is between pedestal and intermediate disc, jackshaft, which is connect by clearance fit with linear bearing and passes through spring, determines position, contact the upper surface of end disc with dielectric elastomeric body thin film lower surface, the invention also discloses the measurement methods of the test device simultaneously；It is the configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, human error brought by traditional measurement method is avoided, the accurate measurement of the quick positioning and deflection of tested effect pinwheel deformation position may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to injure experimental test field, and in particular to a kind of effect target deformation measurement based on dielectric elastomer
Device and measurement method.
Background technique
Injuring assessment is the process of comprehensive analysis and evaluation explosive to object construction damage degree, wherein passing through experimental test
Method be to obtain to injure the important means of performance data.And positive pressure of shock wave is a kind of typical load member, in range test
The plastic deformation of effect target metal thin plate is commonly used in test to characterize shock wave in the function and effect of space position, wherein periphery
Fixed sheet metal is that characterization shock wave pressure is strong by the pit depth h that plastic deformation generates under shock wave pressure effect
The important parameter of degree.However, at present also lack one kind can quickly, be accurately positioned effect target metal thin plate maximum distortion position with
And a kind of device and measurement method of measurement thin plate maximum deformation quantity；He Xingshun etc. " Explosive Shock Loading effect under effect target
Distortion measurement technical research " one kind has been registered based on three-dimensional laser in (mapping notification, in November, 2016, o. 11th, 72-74 pages)
The deformation quantity of scanner pairing effect target measures, although this measurement method precision is high, test device and test method
Complexity is unfavorable for the rapid survey of effect target deformation in the complex environment of target range；In order to quickly obtain the deformation of effect target, work as previous conviction
Grinding personnel mainly uses vernier caliper to measure the maximum pit depth of round effect target metal thin plate, although this method
Can simply and the deformation of quick obtaining metallic membrane, but there are biggish human errors, and thin plate center cannot such as be accurately positioned
Manual operation error is larger etc. when maximum distortion position, measurement, seriously limits effect target assembly in injuring assessment further
Application.
Summary of the invention
For existing effect target deformation measuring device and the deficiency of measurement method, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind
Effect target measuring device and measurement method based on dielectric elastomer.The present invention is cooperated by pedestal side surface and effect target, can
The center maximum distortion position of quick orientation effect target, it is by measurement capacitor and fast according to the mapping relations between capacitor and deformation
Speed obtains the maximum deformation quantity of effect target.The device has quickly positioning, measurement method easy, and structure is simple, easy to use
The features such as, suitable for the effect target deformation measurement under various complex working conditions.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
Effect target measuring device based on dielectric elastomer, the device include pedestal, and shell and linear bearing pass through respectively
Screw is fixed on the upper surface of pedestal, and the dielectric elastomeric body thin film of upper and lower surface brushing annular flexible electrode is solid by two annulars
Determine frame clamping, is then placed into the groove of upper shell and is fixed by cover board by screw and cage connection, upper surface flexible electrical
Pole connect with upper surface conductive fabric and pass through conductive rod from the circular hole on fixed frame and cover board boundary draw, lower surface flexible electrode with
Lower surface conductive fabric connects and passes through conductive rod and draws from the circular hole on fixed frame and cover board boundary, and spring is fixed on pedestal and centre
Between the intermediate disc of axis, jackshaft determines position by clearance fit and by spring with linear bearing, guarantees the upper of jackshaft
The following table face contact of end disc upper surface and dielectric elastomeric body thin film；
The pedestal and shell select aluminum alloy materials, and jackshaft, fixed frame and cover board select insulating materials, dielectric elastomeric
Body thin film selects polyacrylate material, and upper surface conductive fabric and lower surface conductive fabric select single-sided conductive cloth rubber belt；
Described device spring is in compressive state, and intermediate disc is in shell axial direction middle position, the upper table of upper end disc
The following table face contact in face and dielectric elastomeric body thin film；The initial length of spring is intermediate disc lower surface and base upper surface distance
1.5 times, the rigidity of spring is determined by the weight G of jackshaft and the initial compression amount x of spring, rigidity k=G/x；
The flexible electrode selects flexible carbon paste, and the internal diameter of flexible electrode brushing annular region is end disc on central axis
The outer diameter of 1.1 times of outer diameter, flexible electrode brushing annular region is equal with the internal diameter of fixed frame；
The conductive rod selects metallic conductor, and one end of two conductive rods passes through upper surface conductive fabric respectively and lower surface is conductive
The flexible electrode that the upper surface of cloth and dielectric elastomeric body thin film, lower surface are brushed connects；
The tilt angle of pedestal lower end side surface is equal with the tilt angle of tested effect target inner surface, under pedestal
The height of end side surface boss is 0.5 times of tested effect target inner surface depth；
In original state, the bottom end of the jackshaft is pedestal following table plane and quilt at a distance from pedestal following table plane
3~4 times for surveying effect target thin plate distance；
The measurement method of effect target deformation measuring device based on dielectric elastomer described above, passes through pedestal lower end side
Surface is engaged with tested effect target inner surface, and jackshaft is directed at the center of effect target thin plate；When effect target thin plate
When undeformed, the bottom end of jackshaft and undeformed effect target sheet contacts push jackshaft to move up, dielectric elastomeric
Body thin film is deformed, and is C by the capacitor that capacitance measuring tester measurement obtains the state dielectric elastomeric body thin film1, utilize dielectric
Mapping relations between the deformation and capacitor of elastomer thin film, obtaining the displacement that jackshaft moves up is h1；When effect target is thin
When plate deforms, the bottom end of jackshaft and deformed effect target sheet contacts push jackshaft to move up, dielectric elastomeric
Body thin film is deformed, and is C by the capacitor that capacitance measuring tester measurement obtains the state dielectric elastomeric body thin film2, utilize dielectric
Mapping relations between the deformation and capacitor of elastomer thin film, obtaining the displacement that jackshaft moves up is h2, then effect target is thin
The deformation h of plate is h1-h2；
Compared to the prior art the present invention, has the advantages that
(1), the present invention can rapid alignment effect target thin plate center maximum distortion position, reduce the introducing of human error,
Improve the stability of measurement.
(2), the maximum distortion of present invention indirect gain effect target by way of measuring capacitor, measurement data pass through capacitor
Measuring instrument is read, and improves measurement efficiency and flexibility.
(3), under the effect of outer load large deformation can occur for the dielectric elastomeric body thin film that the present invention uses, and can meet different changes
The demand of shape measurement, improves the measurement range of device.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is test device complete section schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is dielectric elastomer combining structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is dielectric elastomer upper surface schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is dielectric elastomer lower surface schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is dielectric elastomeric body thin film original state schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is dielectric elastomer deformation of thin membrane schematic diagram when tested effect target is undeformed
Dielectric elastomer deformation of thin membrane schematic diagram when Fig. 7 is tested effect target deformation
Label in figure respectively indicates: 1, pedestal, 2, screw, 3, linear bearing, 4, spring, 5, shell, 6, jackshaft,
601, intermediate disc, 602, upper end disc, 7, dielectric elastomeric body thin film, 8, flexible electrode, 9, fixed frame, 10, conductive rod, 11,
Cover board, 12, upper surface conductive fabric, 13, lower surface conductive fabric
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As described in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the present invention is based on the effect target measuring device of dielectric elastomer, which includes pedestal 1,
Shell 5 and linear bearing 3 are fixed on the upper surface of pedestal 1 by screw 2 respectively, upper and lower surface brushing annular flexible electrode 8
Dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 is clamped by two annular fixed frames 9, is then placed into the groove of 5 upper end of shell and is led to by cover board 11
It crosses screw 2 to be connected and fixed with shell 5, upper surface flexible electrode 8 is connect and by conductive rod 10 from admittedly with upper surface conductive fabric 12
The circular hole for determining 11 boundary of frame 9 and cover board is drawn, and lower surface flexible electrode 8 connect with lower surface conductive fabric 13 and by conductive rod 10
It is drawn from the circular hole on fixed frame and cover board boundary, spring 4 is fixed between pedestal 1 and the intermediate disc 601 of jackshaft 6, intermediate
Axis 6 and linear bearing 3 determine position by clearance fit and by spring 4, guarantee 602 upper surface of upper end disc of jackshaft 6 with
The following table face contact of dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7；
As preferred implementation method of the invention, the pedestal 1 and shell 5 select aluminum alloy materials, and jackshaft 6 is fixed
Frame 8 and cover board 11 select insulating materials non-conducting material, such as nylon material, organic glass, upper surface conductive fabric 12 and following table
Face conductive fabric 13 selects single-sided conductive cloth rubber belt；
As preferred implementation method of the invention, bottom end and 1 following table of pedestal are flat in the initial state for the jackshaft 6
The distance in face is 3~4 times of distance between 1 lower surface of pedestal and tested effect target so that 6 end of jackshaft to effect target away from
From greater than with a distance from 1 lower end plane of pedestal to effect target thin plate, it is ensured that dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 generates big change in measurement process
Shape improves measurement accuracy.
As preferred implementation method of the invention, spring 4 is in compressive state to described device after the installation is completed, jackshaft
Intermediate disc 601 is in 5 axial direction middle position of shell, and guarantees device end disc 602 on jackshaft 6 in the initial state
Upper surface and dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 following table face contact.The initial length of spring 4 is under 6 intermediate disc 601 of jackshaft
1.5 times of surface and 1 upper surface distance of pedestal are advisable, and the rigidity of spring 4 is true by the weight G of jackshaft 6 and the decrement x of spring
It is fixed, rigidity k=G/x.
As preferred implementation method of the invention, the dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 selects polyacrylate material, dielectric bullet
Property body thin film 7 the optional range of thickness be 0.5mm or 1mm；Flexible electrode 8 selects carbon paste, and wherein flexible electrode 8 brushes annular
The internal diameter in region is 1.1 times of upper 602 outer diameter of end disc, and the outer diameters of 8 brushing annular regions of flexible electrode is interior with fixed frame 9
Diameter is equal.
As preferred implementation method of the invention, the conductive rod 10 selects metal conductor rod, such as copper core, and two is conductive
One end of stick 10 pass through respectively upper surface conductive fabric 12 and lower surface conductive fabric 13 and dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 upper surface, under
The flexible electrode 8 of external coating connects.
As preferred implementation method of the invention, in the tilt angle of the 1 lower end side surface of pedestal and tested effect target
The tilt angle of side surface is equal, guarantees that the lower end side surface of the pedestal 1 in measurement connects completely with tested effect target inner surface
Touching.The height of 1 lower end side surface boss of pedestal is 0.5 times of tested effect target inner surface depth.
The method of effect target measuring device measurement deformation based on dielectric elastomer described above, as shown in figure 5, first
When beginning state, dielectric elastomeric body thin film is in horizontality, is connect by 1 lower end side surface of pedestal with tested effect target inner surface
Touching cooperation, jackshaft 6 are directed at the center of effect target；As shown in fig. 6, when tested effect target thin plate is undeformed, jackshaft 6
Bottom end and undeformed effect target sheet contacts, push jackshaft move up, dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 generate change
Shape is C by the capacitor that capacitance measuring tester measurement obtains the state dielectric elastomeric body thin film 71, utilize dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7
Deformation and capacitor between mapping relations, obtaining displacement that jackshaft moves up is h1；As shown in fig. 7, when tested effect
After target thin plate deforms, the bottom end of jackshaft 6 and deformed effect target sheet contacts push jackshaft to moving up
Dynamic, dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 is deformed, and obtains the capacitor of the state dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 by capacitance measuring tester measurement
For C2, using the mapping relations between the deformation and capacitor of dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7, obtaining the displacement that jackshaft moves up is
h2, then the deformation h of effect target thin plate is h1-h2；
It can be expressed as C=ε S/H corresponding to the capacitor in dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 and the relationship between structure size,
Middle ε, S, H respectively indicate the dielectric coefficient of dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7, effective area and thickness.As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, enable
Effective outer diameter of brushing looped flexible electrode is a in dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 when original state, and effective internal diameter is a-b, dielectric bullet
Property body thin film original depth be H0, initial active area S0；The significant surface of dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 when effect target is undeformed
Long-pending and thickness is respectively S1And H1, the effective area of dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 and thickness are respectively S when effect target deforms2And H2。
Further, the initial active area S of dielectric elastomeric body thin film 70It indicates are as follows:
S0=π a2-π(a-b)2 (1)
Since dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 is incompressible material, effective area and thickness have following relationship under different conditions:
S0H0=S1H1=S2H2 (2)
When effect target thin plate is undeformed, the capacitor of dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 is expressed as:
After the deformation of effect target, the capacitor of dielectric elastomeric body thin film 7 is expressed as:
The deformation of effect target is expressed as h equal to h1-h2, by the deformation h and electricity of the available effect target thin plate in formula (1)~(6)
Hold C1And C2Between relationship.
Claims (8)
1. the effect target deformation measuring device based on dielectric elastomer, it is characterised in that: the device includes pedestal (1), shell (5)
It is fixed on the upper surface of pedestal (1), upper and lower surface brushing annular flexible electrode (8) by screw (2) respectively with linear bearing (3)
Dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7) clamped by two annular fixed frames (9), be then placed into the groove of shell (5) upper end and by
Cover board (11) is connected and fixed by screw (2) with shell (5), and upper surface flexible electrode (8) is connect with upper surface conductive fabric (12)
And it is drawn by conductive rod (10) from the circular hole on fixed frame (9) and cover board (11) boundary, lower surface flexible electrode (8) and lower surface
Conductive fabric (13) is connected and is drawn by conductive rod (10) from the circular hole on fixed frame (9) and cover board (11) boundary, and spring (4) is fixed
Between pedestal (1) and the intermediate disc (601) of jackshaft (6), jackshaft (6) and linear bearing (3) pass through clearance fit simultaneously
Position is determined by spring (4), guarantees upper end disc (602) upper surface of jackshaft (6) and the following table of dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7)
Face contact.
2. the effect target deformation measuring device according to claim 1 based on dielectric elastomer, it is characterised in that: the bottom
Seat (1), shell (5) select aluminum alloy materials, and jackshaft (6), fixed frame (9) and cover board (11) select insulating materials, dielectric bullet
Property body thin film (7) select polyacrylate material, upper surface conductive fabric (12) and lower surface conductive fabric (12) selection single-sided conductive
Cloth rubber belt.
3. the effect target deformation measuring device according to claim 1 based on dielectric elastomer, it is characterised in that: the dress
Set spring (4) and be in compressive state, intermediate disc (601) is in the axial middle position of shell (5), upper end disc (602) it is upper
The following table face contact on surface and dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7)；The initial length of spring (4) be intermediate disc (601) lower surface with
The rigidity of 1.5 times of pedestal (1) upper surface distance, spring (4) is true by the weight G of jackshaft (6) and the initial compression amount x of spring
It is fixed, rigidity k=G/x.
4. the effect target deformation measuring device according to claim 1 based on dielectric elastomer, it is characterised in that: described soft
Property electrode (8) select flexible carbon paste, the internal diameter of flexible electrode (8) brushing annular region is end disc (602) on central axis (6)
The outer diameter of 1.1 times of outer diameter, flexible electrode (8) brushing annular region is equal with the internal diameter of fixed frame 9.
5. the effect target deformation measuring device according to claim 1 based on dielectric elastomer, it is characterised in that: described to lead
Torch (10) selects metallic conductor, and one end of two conductive rods (10) passes through upper surface conductive fabric (12) and lower surface conductive fabric respectively
(13) flexible electrode (8) brushed with the upper surface of dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7), lower surface connects.
6. the effect target deformation measuring device according to claim 1 based on dielectric elastomer, it is characterised in that: the bottom
The tilt angle of seat (1) lower end side surface is equal with the tilt angle of tested effect target inner surface, pedestal (1) lower end side surface
The height of boss is 0.5 times of tested effect target inner surface depth.
7. the effect target deformation measuring device according to claim 1 based on dielectric elastomer, it is characterised in that: initial
State, the bottom end of the jackshaft (6) are pedestal (1) following table plane and tested effect at a distance from pedestal (1) following table plane
3~4 times for answering target thin plate distance.
8. the measurement method of the effect target deformation measuring device according to claim 1 based on dielectric elastomer, feature
It is: is engaged by pedestal (1) lower end side surface and tested effect target inner surface, it is thin that jackshaft (6) is directed at effect target
The center of plate；When tested effect target thin plate is undeformed, the bottom end of jackshaft (6) and undeformed effect target thin plate
Contact pushes jackshaft to move up, and dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7) is deformed, and obtains the shape by capacitance measuring tester measurement
The capacitor of state dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7) is C1, closed using the mapping between the deformation and capacitor of dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7)
System, obtaining the displacement that jackshaft moves up is h1；When tested effect target thin plate deformation when, the bottom end of jackshaft (6) with
Deformed effect target sheet contacts push jackshaft to move up, and dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7) is deformed, and passes through capacitor
The capacitor that tester measurement obtains the state dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7) is C2, using dielectric elastomeric body thin film (7) deformation with
Mapping relations between capacitor, obtaining the displacement that jackshaft moves up is h2, then the deformation h of effect target thin plate is h1-h2。
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110715763A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-21 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Shock wave pressure measuring device and method for parallel combined dielectric elastomer |
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