CN109854250B - Construction method for loess tunnel wall-adhering hole - Google Patents
Construction method for loess tunnel wall-adhering hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN109854250B CN109854250B CN201910058674.XA CN201910058674A CN109854250B CN 109854250 B CN109854250 B CN 109854250B CN 201910058674 A CN201910058674 A CN 201910058674A CN 109854250 B CN109854250 B CN 109854250B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for loess tunnel adherence to a wall to enter a hole, wherein a three-step method is adopted for construction of a full-ring set arch; secondly, excavating soil body in the arch sleeving range of the upper step; thirdly, arranging a first upper step arch frame at the boundary between the upper step arch and the terrain; fourthly, arranging an upper step locking anchor pipe; fifthly, arranging an advanced guide pipe at the upper step arch of the first truss to form a shed frame structure; sixthly, supporting and arranging a template outside the mountain in a high-altitude manner; seventhly, manufacturing an upper step arch on the outer side of the mountain by spraying concrete; eighthly, excavating towards the inner side of the mountain at the upper step arch of the first truss, erecting the upper step arch, and spraying concrete to manufacture an upper step arch cover positioned at the inner side of the mountain; ninthly, excavating a middle step soil body; tenth, setting a middle step arch frame to spray concrete to manufacture a middle step arch cover; eleven, excavating a lower step soil body and an inverted arch soil body; and twelfth, a lower step arch frame and an inverted arch frame are arranged to spray concrete to manufacture a lower step cover arch and an inverted arch. The invention has no disturbance and zero excavation on the side and elevation slopes at the early stage of entering the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel cave-entering construction method, in particular to a loess tunnel wall-attaching cave-entering construction method.
Background
The loess landform features that the hills have large natural gradient difference, gullies are vertical and horizontal, and the tops of the hills are more in a beam shape or a tableland shape, so that the tunnel portal road is difficult to construct. The existing open cut method or the method of sleeving the arch guide wall and entering the hole into the large pipe shed cannot meet the requirements of site construction. If the construction is carried out according to the existing method, the side and top slopes need to be excavated greatly, the large excavation not only seriously damages the ecological environment, but also puts higher requirements on the site construction site due to equipment such as lining trolleys, large-scale down-the-hole drills and the like, the damage to the original soil stress structure can be caused after the large-area excavation, the stability of surrounding rocks is changed, the stability of the slope is insufficient, the loess slope at the whole cave mouth is greatly settled, and even serious collapse accidents can be caused; a large amount of old loess on top layer suffer to dig out, and the ditch very easily forms on the new loess surface of bared leads to soil erosion phenomenon, neither accords with green construction technology, can't safe quick advance hole again.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for loess tunnel wall-attached hole entering, which realizes environment-friendly, safe and rapid hole entering.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the construction method for the loess tunnel to adhere to the wall to enter the hole is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, measuring the position of a set arch according to a construction terrain, wherein the set arch adopts a full loop arch, a loop arch steel frame is manufactured in sections, and the length of the loop arch is set in combination with an actual terrain; the construction ranges of the full ring arches are from the inside of the tunnel initial line to the outside of the designed light and shade boundary, and the full ring arches are constructed by a three-step method;
secondly, excavating a soil body in the arch sleeving range of the upper step;
thirdly, arranging a first upper-step arch truss at the boundary between the upper-step arch truss and the terrain, supporting the upper-step arch truss positioned outside the mountain from inside to outside to a design start line of the full-ring arch truss, and welding longitudinal connecting steel bars between the upper-step arch trusses of adjacent trusses;
fourthly, arranging upper step foot locking anchor rods or foot locking anchor pipes after erecting an upper step arch frame, wherein the upper step foot locking anchor rods or foot locking anchor pipes are arranged in a direction combined with the terrain, two upper step foot locking anchor rods or foot locking anchor pipes are arranged at each arch angle, and the angles of the upper step foot locking anchor rods or foot locking anchor pipes are inclined downwards by 30-45 degrees towards the outer side;
fifthly, arranging an advanced guide pipe at a step arch on the first truss to form a canopy frame structure;
sixthly, arranging a template outside an upper step arch center of a mountain body high-altitude support, wherein the template is used as a footfall surrounding rock for spraying concrete;
seventhly, spraying concrete to manufacture an upper step sleeve arch positioned on the outer side of the mountain body, wherein the upper step sleeve arch on the outer side of the mountain body not only plays a supporting role, but also plays a role of a protective cover;
eighthly, after the construction of the upper step arch cover on the outer side of the mountain body is finished, excavating towards the advancing direction of the inner side of the mountain body at the position of the first upper step arch frame, erecting the upper step arch frame, welding longitudinal connecting steel bars among frames, arranging an upper step locking anchor rod or locking anchor pipe, arranging an advanced guide pipe, and spraying concrete to manufacture the upper step arch cover on the inner side of the mountain body;
ninth, after the upper step arch is constructed for a set distance, excavating a middle step soil body;
tenth step, arranging a middle step arch frame, longitudinally connecting steel bars between frames, a middle step foot locking anchor rod or foot locking anchor pipe, and then spraying concrete to manufacture a middle step sleeve arch;
step ten, excavating a lower step soil body and an inverted arch soil body after the middle step arch is constructed for a set distance;
and a twelfth step of arranging lower step arch frames, inverted arch frames, longitudinal connecting steel bars among the frames, lower step foot locking anchor rods or foot locking anchor pipes, and then spraying concrete to the lower step arch frames and the inverted arch frames to manufacture lower step sleeve arches and inverted arches, thereby completing the construction of the full ring sleeve arches and forming a safe and qualified tunnel face entering the tunnel.
The upper step cover arch frame, the middle step arch frame, the lower step arch frame and the inverted arch frame are all grid type steel frames.
The construction method has the advantages that disturbance and zero excavation are avoided for the side and heading slopes in the early stage of entering the tunnel, the ecological environment is protected, large-scale equipment such as lining trolleys and down-the-hole drills does not need to be prepared in advance, and compared with the traditional construction method, the whole construction method is more convenient and faster, good in environmental protection, low in construction condition requirement, high in construction speed and small in engineering quantity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vertical section for upper step arch sheathing construction.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper step arch sheathing construction cross section of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle step arch sheathing construction vertical section.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle step arch sheathing construction cross section.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a full arch construction profile according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a full ring arch construction cross section according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-6, in the construction method for the loess tunnel to adhere to the wall and enter the hole, before construction, the side and upward slope 1 does not need to be excavated, and the sleeve arch adopts a full-ring sleeve arch; the length of the set arch is set by combining with the actual terrain, and the set arch construction ranges from the inside of the tunnel initial line 2 (without influencing the construction of the hat brim) to the outside of the designed light and shade boundary line 3; the arch sheathing construction adopts a three-step method, an upper step arch frame, a middle step arch frame, a lower step arch frame and an inverted arch frame all adopt grid type steel frames, are manufactured in sections and are provided with locking anchor pipes; the cover arch adopts sprayed concrete, and the advance support of the tunnel adopts Փ 50 advance small guide pipes. The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, measuring the position of a set full ring arch according to a construction terrain;
secondly, excavating a soil body in the arch sleeving range of the upper step; namely, cutting and excavating a part I to form an upper step 4;
thirdly, arranging a first upper-step arch truss 5 at the boundary line between the upper-step arch truss and the terrain, supporting the upper-step arch truss 5.1 positioned outside the mountain from inside to outside to a design start line 2 of the full-ring arch truss, and welding longitudinally connecting reinforcing steel bars between the upper-step arch trusses of adjacent trusses;
fourthly, after erecting the upper step arch, arranging two Փ 42mm upper step locking anchor pipes 6 at each arch angle, inclining the angle of the upper step locking anchor pipes 6 downwards by 30-45 degrees towards the outer side, and grouting;
fifthly, arranging advanced ducts 7 at the upper step arch 5 of the first truss to form a canopy frame structure, wherein the length and the number of the advanced small ducts 7 can be determined according to the length and the terrain of the tunnel opening;
sixthly, arranging a template outside an upper step arch center 5.1 of a mountain body high-altitude support, wherein the template is used as a footfall surrounding rock for spraying concrete;
seventhly, spraying concrete to the upper step arch centering 5.1 to manufacture an upper step sleeve arch 8 positioned outside the mountain body, wherein the upper step sleeve arch 8 outside the mountain body not only plays a supporting role, but also plays a role of a protective cover;
eighthly, after the construction of the upper step arch cover 8 on the outer side of the mountain body is finished, excavating towards the advancing direction of the inner side of the mountain body at the position of the first upper step arch frame 5, erecting the upper step arch frame, welding longitudinal connecting steel bars among frames, arranging an upper step locking anchor pipe, arranging an advanced guide pipe, and spraying concrete to manufacture the upper step arch cover 8 on the inner side of the mountain body;
ninth, after an upper step arch 8 on the inner side of the mountain body is constructed for a set distance, excavating a middle step soil body, namely excavating a middle step 9 formed by the second part;
tenth, arranging a middle step arch frame 10, longitudinally connecting steel bars among frames and a middle step locking anchor pipe 11, and then spraying concrete to manufacture a middle step sleeve arch 12;
step eleven, after the middle step arch sleeve 12 is constructed for a set distance, excavating a lower step soil body and an inverted arch soil body, namely excavating a III part to form a lower step and an inverted arch surface 13;
step ten, arranging a lower step arch frame 14 and an inverted arch frame 15, longitudinal connecting steel bars among the frames, and a lower step locking anchor pipe 16, and then spraying concrete to the lower step arch frame 14 and the inverted arch frame 15 to manufacture a lower step sleeve arch 17 and an inverted arch 18;
and step thirteen, excavating the soil body I of the upper step, the soil body II of the middle step, the soil body III of the lower step and the inverted arch to the inner side of the mountain body repeatedly, constructing an upper step arch frame 5, a middle step arch frame 10, a lower step arch frame 14 and an inverted arch frame on the newly excavated upper step, middle step, lower step and inverted arch, arranging locking anchor pipes (6, 11/16), longitudinally linking reinforcing steel bars among the arch frames, an advance conduit 7 and spraying concrete to form an upper step sleeve arch 8, a middle step sleeve arch 12, a lower step sleeve arch 17 and an inverted arch sleeve arch 18, and performing circular construction to complete full ring sleeve arch construction and form a safe and qualified tunnel entrance face.
Claims (1)
1. A construction method for loess tunnel adherence to a wall to enter a hole is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, measuring the position of a set arch according to a construction terrain, wherein the set arch adopts a full loop arch, a loop arch steel frame is manufactured in sections, and the length of the loop arch is set in combination with an actual terrain; the construction ranges of the full ring arches are from the inside of the tunnel initial line to the outside of the designed light and shade boundary, and the full ring arches are constructed by a three-step method;
secondly, excavating a soil body in the arch sleeving range of the upper step;
thirdly, arranging a first upper-step arch truss at the boundary between the upper-step arch truss and the terrain, supporting the upper-step arch truss positioned outside the mountain from inside to outside to a design start line of the full-ring arch truss, and welding longitudinal connecting steel bars between the upper-step arch trusses of adjacent trusses;
fourthly, after erecting the upper step arch centering, arranging upper step foot locking anchor rods or foot locking anchor pipes, wherein the upper step foot locking anchor rods or foot locking anchor pipes are arranged in a direction combined with the terrain, two foot locking anchor rods or foot locking anchor pipes are arranged at each arch angle, and the angle of each upper step foot locking anchor rod or foot locking anchor pipe is inclined downwards by 30-45 degrees;
fifthly, arranging an advanced guide pipe at a step arch on the first truss to form a canopy frame structure;
sixthly, arranging a template outside an upper step arch center of a mountain body high-altitude support, wherein the template is used as a footfall surrounding rock for spraying concrete;
seventhly, spraying concrete to manufacture an upper step arch on the outer side of the mountain body;
eighthly, after the construction of the upper step arch cover on the outer side of the mountain body is finished, excavating towards the advancing direction of the inner side of the mountain body at the position of the first upper step arch frame, erecting the upper step arch frame, welding longitudinal connecting steel bars among frames, arranging an upper step locking anchor rod or locking anchor pipe, arranging an advanced guide pipe, and spraying concrete to manufacture the upper step arch cover on the inner side of the mountain body;
ninth, after the upper step arch is constructed for a set distance, excavating a middle step soil body;
tenth step, arranging a middle step arch frame, longitudinally connecting steel bars between frames, a middle step foot locking anchor rod or foot locking anchor pipe, and then spraying concrete to manufacture a middle step sleeve arch;
step ten, excavating a lower step soil body and an inverted arch soil body after the middle step arch is constructed for a set distance;
step ten, arranging lower step arch frames, inverted arch frames, longitudinal connecting steel bars among the frames, lower step foot locking anchor rods or foot locking anchor pipes, and then spraying concrete to the lower step arch frames and the inverted arch frames to manufacture lower step sleeve arches and inverted arches, thereby completing the construction of full ring sleeve arches and forming a safe and qualified tunnel face entering a cave;
the upper step arch frame, the middle step arch frame, the lower step arch frame and the inverted arch frame are all made of grid type steel frames.
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| CN101864960B (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2013-06-19 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Carst region double-arch road tunnel construction method |
| CN102562099B (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2014-04-23 | 中铁二十三局集团第四工程有限公司 | Method for carrying out rapid face excavation construction of loess tunnel by double rows of small conduits |
| CN104278993B (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2016-06-08 | 福州市规划设计研究院 | A kind of bias voltage Skew Tunnel enters the constructional method in hole |
| CN103362523B (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-04-22 | 重庆巨能建设(集团)有限公司 | Suspended formwork lining method for cover arch outside tunnel portal with weak surrounding rocks |
| CN103883328B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-11-18 | 福州大学 | The dark construction method of half lid half of high steep V-type coombe biased segment is worn under separate tunnel |
| CN204783044U (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-18 | 贵州省公路工程集团有限公司 | Coombe topography loose slope body bevel tunnel in mountain area advances supporting construction in hole |
| CN107780941A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-09 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | A kind of tunnel zero excavation construction method |
| CN108412501B (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2019-08-13 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Under wear oil pipeline shallow depth loess tunnels construction method |
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