CN109852081B - Preparation method of paste homogenization for special graphite by vibration-compression molding - Google Patents
Preparation method of paste homogenization for special graphite by vibration-compression molding Download PDFInfo
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- CN109852081B CN109852081B CN201811563390.8A CN201811563390A CN109852081B CN 109852081 B CN109852081 B CN 109852081B CN 201811563390 A CN201811563390 A CN 201811563390A CN 109852081 B CN109852081 B CN 109852081B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of paste homogenization for vibration-compression molding special graphite, belonging to the technical field of paste preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1. preparing materials: weighing aggregate and a binder, wherein the mass ratio of the aggregate to the binder is 80:20-82: 18; 2. kneading: adding aggregate and a binder in a mass ratio into a kneading pot, and then adding melted medium-temperature coal pitch; 3. and (3) cooling: spreading the paste obtained in the step 2 on a clean steel plate, and cooling to room temperature; 4. crushing and screening: crushing the cooled paste by a double-roll crusher until the cooled paste completely passes through a screen with the size of less than 3.0 mm; 5. preheating: and (4) loading the screened paste on a preheating skip car, pushing the paste into a preheating chamber, and preheating for 1-1.5 hours. The preparation method provided by the invention can solve the problem of agglomeration in the paste, improve the homogeneity of the paste, and provide a powerful guarantee for improving the homogeneity of the final special graphite product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of paste homogenization for vibration-compression molding special graphite, belonging to the technical field of paste preparation.
Background
The reason why the kilo-miles embankment is destroyed by the ant hole is that the special graphite product is used. If the product performance is not uniform, the product is consumed quickly when used in a defective place, and the whole service life is influenced. Therefore, the better the homogenization of the special graphite product, the better the service performance, especially the service life can be greatly improved. Although the homogeneity of the product can be improved to some extent by the method of impregnation, even impregnation cannot be fully compensated if the homogenization of the green body is poor, so that the homogenization of the green body has the most important effect on the homogenization of the final product, and the homogenization of the paste has the most important effect on the homogenization of the green body.
The paste material is required to have certain loose property and plasticity by the vibration-compression molding process, so that the using amount of the binder is 3-5% lower than that of the paste material in the extrusion molding process, and the binding force of the powder (-0.075mm) and the binder is far greater than that of the particles and the binder, so that small groups taking the powder and the binder as main components are easily formed during the mixing and kneading process, the small groups have the diameter of 5-6mm, the large groups have the diameter of 20-30mm, the edges are smooth and hard, and the poor binding is caused because the powder and the binder cannot be broken in the vibration-compression molding process, so that the great adverse effect is caused on the homogeneity of a green body.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method for homogenizing the paste for the special graphite by vibration-compression molding, which is scientific, reasonable, simple and feasible, can solve the problem of agglomeration in the paste, improves the homogeneity of the paste, produces a green blank with high homogenization and provides the most powerful guarantee for improving the homogeneity of the final special graphite product.
The preparation method of the paste homogenization for the vibration-compression molding special graphite comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: weighing aggregate and a binder, wherein the mass ratio of the aggregate to the binder is 80:20-82: 18;
2) kneading: adding the aggregate and the binder in a mass ratio into a kneading pot, adding the melted medium-temperature coal pitch, and kneading for 45 minutes to obtain paste;
3) and (3) cooling: spreading the paste obtained in the step 2 on a clean steel plate, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
4) crushing and screening: crushing the cooled paste by a double-roll crusher until the cooled paste completely passes through a screen with the size of less than 3.0 mm;
5) preheating: and (3) loading the screened paste on a preheating skip car, pushing the paste into a preheating chamber, closing a door of the preheating chamber, preheating for 1-1.5 hours, pulling the preheating skip car out of the preheating chamber after the preheating is finished, and placing the paste into a forming die for forming.
In the step 1, the aggregate is calcined petroleum coke and is divided into two size fractions of-1 +0.5mm and-0.075 mm, and the mass ratio of the two size fractions is 40: 60.
In the step 1, the purity of the aggregate with the-1 +0.5mm size fraction is 85 +/-5%; the purity of the aggregate with a grade of-0.075 mm is 75 +/-5%.
In the step 1, the binder is medium-temperature coal pitch, and the softening point is 85 +/-5 ℃; the melting temperature is 170 +/-3 ℃.
In the step 5, the periphery of the preheating chamber is heated by heat conducting oil, and the heating temperature is 155 +/-3 ℃; the paste materials are layered on a preheating skip car.
In the step 5, the paste outlet temperature after the preheating is finished is 145 +/-5 ℃.
In the step 5, the thickness of the paste is 40-100 mm; the distance between the layers is 25 mm.
And (3) loading the screened paste into a preheating chamber after a preheating skip car, wherein the small holes on the two sides of the preheating chamber are opposite to gaps between layers, and blowing air slowly from the small holes on the two sides during preheating to balance the temperature in the preheating chamber and uniformly heat the paste.
The purpose of step 4 is to break apart the lumps produced in the paste after kneading;
the purpose of step 5 is to heat the paste to a suitable molding temperature in a static state to prevent the re-generation of lumps, thereby improving the homogeneity of the paste.
In the preparation process, the structure of the preheater is as follows: a material receiving groove is arranged right above the hopper or the conveying belt, two rails are arranged right above the material receiving groove along the horizontal direction, and the two rails are arranged in parallel; a preheating chamber is arranged at one end of the track, a preheating skip car is arranged at the other end of the track, the preheating skip car is of a layered structure, and the preheating skip car can enter the preheating chamber along the track to be preheated; and an exhaust gas absorption system is arranged above the preheating chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the paste has the characteristics of no agglomeration, uniform mixing of granules, powder and a binder, good loose property and plasticity and high homogeneity degree;
2. the special graphite product prepared by the paste has small aperture, uniform distribution, high homogenization degree and obviously prolonged service life;
3. the preparation method is scientific, reasonable, simple and feasible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preheater used in the present invention;
in the figure, 1-air hole; 2-a preheating chamber; 3-an exhaust gas absorption system; 4-material receiving groove; 5-hopper or conveyor belt; 6-orbit; 7-preheating the skip car.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Selecting calcined petroleum coke with the particle size of-1 +0.5mm and-0.075 mm, mixing the petroleum coke with the particle size of-1 +0.5mm and the particle size of-0.075 mm according to the mass ratio of 40:60, adding the petroleum coke into a kneading pot, adding the melted medium-temperature coal pitch into the kneading pot according to the mass ratio of 18:82 to aggregate, kneading for 45 minutes, and obtaining paste; spreading the paste on a clean steel plate, and naturally cooling to room temperature; crushing the cooled paste by a double-roll crusher until the cooled paste completely passes through a screen with the size of less than 3.0 mm; and (3) loading the screened paste on a preheating skip car, wherein the thickness of the paste is 50mm, the distance between layers of the paste is 25mm, pushing the paste into a preheating chamber for preheating for 1 hour, the paste outlet temperature is 144 ℃, the preheated paste has good looseness and plasticity and no block mass, and the aggregate and the binder are uniformly mixed.
The green body produced by the paste has smooth appearance, compact section structure and uniform pore distribution. Samples were taken from the upper, middle and lower parts of the product, and the bulk density of the product was found to be 1.732g/cm3、1.738g/cm3、1.735g/cm3Error is 0.01g/cm3The results indicated that the product was homogeneous.
Example 2
Selecting calcined petroleum coke with the particle size of-1 +0.5mm and-0.075 mm, mixing the petroleum coke with the particle size of-1 +0.5mm and the particle size of-0.075 mm according to the mass ratio of 40:60, adding the petroleum coke into a kneading pot, adding the melted medium-temperature coal pitch into the kneading pot according to the mass ratio of 19:81 to aggregate, kneading the mixture for 45 minutes, and obtaining paste; spreading the paste on a clean steel plate, and naturally cooling to room temperature; crushing the cooled paste by a double-roll crusher until the cooled paste completely passes through a screen with the size of less than 3.0 mm; and (3) loading the screened paste on a preheating skip car, wherein the thickness of the paste is 60mm, the distance between layers of the paste is 25mm, pushing the paste into a preheating chamber for preheating for 1.2 hours, the paste outlet temperature is 145 ℃, the preheated paste has good looseness and plasticity and no block mass, and the aggregate and the binder are uniformly mixed.
The green body produced by the paste has smooth appearance, compact section structure and uniform pore distribution, samples are respectively taken from the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the product,the bulk density of the product was found to be 1.743g/cm respectively3、1.741g/cm3、1.747g/cm3Error is 0.01g/cm3The results indicated that the product was homogeneous.
Example 3
Selecting calcined petroleum coke with the particle size of-1 +0.5mm and-0.075 mm, mixing the petroleum coke with the particle size of-1 +0.5mm and the particle size of-0.075 mm according to the mass ratio of 40:60, adding the petroleum coke into a kneading pot, adding the melted medium-temperature coal pitch into the kneading pot according to the mass ratio of 20:80 to aggregate, kneading for 45 minutes, and obtaining paste; spreading the paste on a clean steel plate, and naturally cooling to room temperature; the cooled paste was crushed by a double roll crusher until all of the paste passed through a 3.0mm or less screen. And (3) loading the screened paste on a preheating skip car, wherein the thickness of the paste is 80mm, the distance between layers of the paste is 25mm, pushing the paste into a preheating chamber for preheating for 1.5 hours, the paste outlet temperature is 147 ℃, the preheated paste has good looseness and plasticity and no block mass, and the aggregate and the binder are uniformly mixed.
The green body produced by the paste has smooth appearance, compact section structure and uniform pore distribution, and the volume density of the product is respectively 1.738g/cm measured by respectively sampling from the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the product3、1.742g/cm3、1.745g/cm3Error is 0.01g/cm3The results indicated that the product was homogeneous.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method for homogenizing paste for vibration-compression molding special graphite is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: weighing aggregate and a binder, wherein the mass ratio of the aggregate to the binder is 80:20-82: 18;
2) kneading: adding the aggregate and the binder in a mass ratio into a kneading pot, adding the melted medium-temperature coal pitch, and kneading for 45 minutes to obtain paste;
3) and (3) cooling: spreading the paste obtained in the step 2 on a clean steel plate, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
4) crushing and screening: crushing the cooled paste by a double-roll crusher until the cooled paste completely passes through a screen with the size of less than 3.0 mm;
5) preheating: loading the screened paste on a preheating skip car, pushing the paste into a preheating chamber, preheating for 1-1.5 hours, pulling the preheating skip car out of the preheating chamber after the preheating is finished, and placing the paste into a forming mold for forming;
in the step 1, the aggregate is calcined petroleum coke and is divided into two size fractions of-1 +0.5mm and-0.075 mm, wherein the mass ratio of the two size fractions is 40: 60; the purity of the aggregate with the particle size fraction of-1 mm and 0.5mm is 85 +/-5 percent; -aggregate purity of 0.075mm size fraction 75 ± 5%;
in the step 1, the binder is medium-temperature coal pitch, and the softening point is 85 +/-5 ℃; the melting temperature is 170 +/-3 ℃;
in the preparation process, the structure of the preheater used is as follows: a material receiving groove is arranged right above the hopper or the conveying belt, two rails are arranged right above the material receiving groove along the horizontal direction, and the two rails are arranged in parallel; a preheating chamber is arranged at one end of the track, a preheating skip car is arranged at the other end of the track, the preheating skip car is of a layered structure, and the preheating skip car can enter the preheating chamber along the track to be preheated; a waste gas absorption system is arranged above the preheating chamber;
in the step 5, the periphery of the preheating chamber is heated by heat conducting oil, and the heating temperature is 155 +/-3 ℃;
in step 5, the paste-forming temperature after completion of the preheating was 145. + -. 5 ℃.
2. The method of homogenizing a paste for vibration-compression molding special graphite according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 5, the thickness of the paste is 40-100 mm; the distance between the layers is 25 mm.
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