CN109851030A - Overcritical water oxidization reactor and the method for handling radioactivity debirs - Google Patents
Overcritical water oxidization reactor and the method for handling radioactivity debirs Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Present disclose provides a kind of overcritical water oxidization reactors, comprising: shell, inside is formed for providing the chamber of reaction zone, at least provided with slurry inlet, oxidant inlet and discharge port on shell；Heating device, for improving the temperature of chamber；Spiral circulating pipe is arranged in chamber, and one end of spiral circulating pipe is connected to slurry inlet, wherein after slurry inlet importing spiral circulating pipe, the pipeline along spiral circulating pipe flows slurry, and flows out from the other end of spiral circulating pipe；Wherein, slurry is after the outflow of the other end of spiral circulating pipe, with the raw oxidation reaction of oxidant hybrid concurrency for flowing into chamber from oxidant inlet.The disclosure additionally provides a kind of method using overcritical water oxidization reactor processing radioactivity debirs.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to which a kind of overcritical water oxidization reactor and a kind of handled using overcritical water oxidization reactor are radiated
The method of property debirs.
Background technique
Supercritical water oxidation method is a kind of novel wet oxidation technology.By being faced using debirs, water, oxygen super
In boundary's aqueous systems the characteristics of complete miscibility, oxidation operation is decomposed into the gases such as water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, contained radioactivity
Nucleic is changed into inorganic salts, to complete the processing for steaming raffinate to organic solvent.Generally, supercritical water refers to that temperature is more than
374 DEG C, pressure be more than 22Mpa a kind of special state water.Debirs and oxygen are overcritical under supercritical water state
Complete miscibility in aqueous systems, when supercritical water temperature is more than 550 DEG C, inorganic salts are zero in solubility wherein.Using overcritical
This performance of water can convert organic matter to carbon dioxide, water and inorganic salts, be dissolved using inorganic salts at 550 DEG C or more
The separation of the characteristics of degree is zero realization radioactive element.
Since water is a kind of common solvent, various pollutants itself generally all contain water.Supercritical Water Oxidation Technology can
To be applied in the multiple fields such as environmental protection, chemical industry, coal gasification, nuclear power and thermoelectricity, new material synthesis, for handling sewage, sludge
Equal pollutants.
Currently, beauty, method, Russia, correlation core research unit, Deng state actively develop debirs supercritical water treatment in recent years
Technical research, establishes experimental provision, and part work has reached pilot-scale.Research thinks that supercritical water oxidation method decomposes effect
Rate is high, process cycle is short, the flames of anger, secondary waste are few, environmental-friendly, is suitble to a variety of debirs of processing, is a kind of great latent
The processing technique of power.
But inventor has found in the implementation of the present invention, in the related art, overcritical water oxidization reactor
Treatment process is usually directly to mix oxidant and waste material in reactor, is then reached with the temperature of waste material for be oxidized dose
It could react completely after to certain temperature.In this case, waste material can not only reduce the temperature of reaction zone, but also lead
It causes reaction time of the waste material in overcritical water oxidization reactor long, reduces reaction efficiency.
Summary of the invention
An aspect of this disclosure provides a kind of overcritical water oxidization reactor, including shell, and inside is formed for mentioning
For the chamber of reaction zone, at least provided with slurry inlet, oxidant inlet and discharge port on above-mentioned shell；Heating device is used for
Improve the temperature of above-mentioned chamber；Spiral circulating pipe is arranged in above-mentioned chamber, one end of above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe and above-mentioned slurry
Entrance connection, wherein slurry is after the above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe of above-mentioned slurry inlet importing, along the pipeline of above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe
Flowing, and flowed out from the other end of above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe；Wherein, above-mentioned slurry is flowed out from the other end of above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe
Later, oxidation reaction is given birth to the oxidant hybrid concurrency for flowing into above-mentioned chamber from above-mentioned oxidant inlet.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, overcritical water oxidization reactor further includes pipe of turning back, and is arranged in above-mentioned chamber, on
The inner tube and outer tube open at one end that pipe of turning back includes both ends open are stated, above-mentioned outer tube sleeve is set to the outside of above-mentioned inner tube, on
Inner tube is stated to be connected to above-mentioned oxidant inlet.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cental axial position of above-mentioned chamber is arranged in above-mentioned pipe of turning back.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, overcritical water oxidization reactor further includes blender, and blender includes shaft, above-mentioned
Shaft protrudes into above-mentioned chamber across above-mentioned shell and/or above-mentioned shaft passes through above-mentioned discharge port and protrudes into above-mentioned chamber.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein above-mentioned shell include the first end wall, side wall and with above-mentioned first end wall phase
Pair the second end wall, wherein above-mentioned slurry inlet is arranged on above-mentioned side wall, and above-mentioned oxidant inlet is arranged in above-mentioned first end
On wall, above-mentioned blender and above-mentioned discharge port are arranged on above-mentioned second end wall.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, overcritical water oxidization reactor further includes liner, is arranged in above-mentioned chamber,
In, above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe is wound along above-mentioned liner outer wall to be arranged, wherein above-mentioned interior laying-in aluminising, shot-peening hammering and spraying
Thermal barrier coating processing, above-mentioned thermal barrier coating includes the multiple aluminium layers and multiple alumina layers being arranged alternately.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, overcritical water oxidization reactor further includes cooling device, is arranged on above-mentioned side wall,
For cooling down the reaction product generated in above-mentioned chamber；Wherein, above-mentioned heating device and above-mentioned cooling device are disposed side by side on
It states on side wall, also, above-mentioned heating device is less than above-mentioned cooling device and above-mentioned first end wall at a distance from above-mentioned first end wall
Distance.
Another aspect of the disclosure provides a kind of organic using above-mentioned overcritical water oxidization reactor processing radioactivity
The method of waste, this method include being preheated by above-mentioned heating device to above-mentioned chamber；In the indoor temperature of above-mentioned chamber
When reaching the first temperature, target solution is inputted in above-mentioned chamber by above-mentioned slurry inlet, and above-mentioned chamber is continued to heat,
Until the indoor temperature of above-mentioned chamber reaches second temperature；The slurry of above-mentioned radioactivity debirs is defeated by above-mentioned slurry inlet
Enter above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe, the pipeline along above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe flows, and flows out from the other end of above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe；?
The slurry of above-mentioned radioactivity debirs from the other end of above-mentioned spiral circulating pipe outflow after, with from above-mentioned oxidant inlet into
Enter the raw oxidation reaction of oxidant hybrid concurrency of above-mentioned chamber.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, it includes pipe of turning back that the above method, which further includes in above-mentioned overcritical water oxidization reactor,
In the case of, above-mentioned oxidant first enters above-mentioned pipe of turning back from above-mentioned oxidant inlet, successively by the inner tube of above-mentioned pipe of turning back
After outer tube, enter above-mentioned chamber from the opening of above-mentioned outer tube.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the case where above-mentioned overcritical water oxidization reactor includes blender, in utilization
Blender is stated to occurring to obtain oxidation product after oxidation reaction and be stirred；
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, above-mentioned oxidation product is discharged from above-mentioned discharge port, wherein above-mentioned oxidation product from
Temperature when above-mentioned discharge port is discharged is between 150 DEG C to 300 DEG C, and above-mentioned second temperature is greater than or equal to 600 DEG C.
In the related art, oxidant and waste material are directly mixed generally in overcritical water oxidization reactor, so
The temperature of to be oxidized dose and waste material could react completely after reaching certain temperature afterwards.But due to organic slurry molecule
Amount is big, and spatial configuration of molecules is stablized, it is difficult to aoxidize in a relatively short period of time.Also, in this case, from externally input useless
Material can not only reduce the temperature of reaction zone, cause reaction time of the waste material in overcritical water oxidization reactor long, reduce reaction
Efficiency.By embodiment of the disclosure, spiral circulating pipe is provided in the chamber of overcritical water oxidization reactor, when overcritical
It can be into when the chamber room temperature of water oxidation reactor reaches certain temperature, during slurry flows in spiral circulating pipe
Row is fully warmed-up, and is heated up, it might even be possible to be thermally decomposed, to ensure the pyrolysis time of organic slurry, ensure that organic material
Slurry carries out the completeness of supercritical water oxidation, improves reaction efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to which the disclosure and its advantage is more fully understood, referring now to being described below in conjunction with attached drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the overcritical water oxidization reactor according to the embodiment of the present disclosure；
Fig. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the overcritical water oxidization reactor according to another embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 3 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the overcritical water oxidization reactor according to another embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 4 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the overcritical water oxidization reactor according to another embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 5 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the cooling device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure；And
Fig. 6 is diagrammatically illustrated according to the organic using overcritical water oxidization reactor processing radioactivity of the embodiment of the present disclosure
The flow chart of waste.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment of the disclosure.However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary
, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.In the following detailed description, to elaborate many specific thin convenient for explaining
Section is to provide the comprehensive understanding to the embodiment of the present disclosure.It may be evident, however, that one or more embodiments are not having these specific thin
It can also be carried out in the case where section.In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, to avoid
Unnecessarily obscure the concept of the disclosure.
Term as used herein is not intended to limit the disclosure just for the sake of description specific embodiment.It uses herein
The terms "include", "comprise" etc. show the presence of the feature, step, operation and/or component, but it is not excluded that in the presence of
Or add other one or more features, step, operation or component.
There are all terms (including technical and scientific term) as used herein those skilled in the art to be generally understood
Meaning, unless otherwise defined.It should be noted that term used herein should be interpreted that with consistent with the context of this specification
Meaning, without that should be explained with idealization or excessively mechanical mode.
It, in general should be according to this using statement as " at least one in A, B and C etc. " is similar to
Field technical staff is generally understood the meaning of the statement to make an explanation (for example, " system at least one in A, B and C "
Should include but is not limited to individually with A, individually with B, individually with C, with A and B, with A and C, have B and C, and/or
System etc. with A, B, C).Using statement as " at least one in A, B or C etc. " is similar to, generally come
Saying be generally understood the meaning of the statement according to those skilled in the art to make an explanation (for example, " having in A, B or C at least
One system " should include but is not limited to individually with A, individually with B, individually with C, with A and B, have A and C, have
B and C, and/or the system with A, B, C etc.).
Embodiment of the disclosure provides a kind of overcritical water oxidization reactor, including shell, and inside is formed for providing
The chamber of reaction zone, at least provided with slurry inlet, oxidant inlet and discharge port on shell；Heating device, for improving chamber
The temperature of room；Spiral circulating pipe is arranged in chamber, and one end of spiral circulating pipe is connected to slurry inlet, wherein slurry is from slurry
Expect that entrance imports after spiral circulating pipe, the pipeline along spiral circulating pipe flows, and flows out from the other end of spiral circulating pipe；Its
In, slurry is after the outflow of the other end of spiral circulating pipe, with the oxidant hybrid concurrency life for flowing into chamber from oxidant inlet
Oxidation reaction.
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the overcritical water oxidization reactor according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.It should be noted that
, being only shown in Fig. 1 can be using the example of the overcritical water oxidization reactor of the embodiment of the present disclosure, to help this field skill
Art personnel understand the technology contents of the disclosure, but are not meant to that the overcritical water oxidization reactor of the disclosure cannot be other
Make.
As shown in Figure 1, overcritical water oxidization reactor 100 includes shell 101, heating device 102 and spiral circulating pipe
103。
Formed inside shell 101 for providing the chamber of reaction zone, on shell 101 at least provided with slurry inlet 1011,
Oxidant inlet 1012 and discharge port 1013.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, shell 101 may include shell and inner casing (for example, inner casing can be it is interior in Fig. 1
1014), the shape of shell and inner casing, material, size are without limitation for lining.For example, the main part of shell 101 can be circle
Column type, internal diameter of outer cover are 80~219mm, 1000~9000mm of length；Inner casing 40~133mm of internal diameter, 1000~9000mm of length.
Heating device 102 is used to improve the temperature of chamber.In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the type of heating device 102 is not
It limits.For example, heating device 102 can be heating mantle.Heating mantle can be set in the outer wall of shell 101 by the disclosure, be led to
The mode for crossing heat transfer transfers heat to chamber inside shell 101, and certain disclosure does not limit other heating methods yet.Root
According to embodiment of the disclosure, the shell both ends of overcritical water oxidization reactor 100 can be equipped with pressure gauge, inner casing both ends and centre
It can be equipped with temp probe, temp probe can be equipped between heating mantle and outer shell outer wall.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, heating device 102 can cover a part of 101 outer wall of shell.For example, heating dress
Setting 102 can be set on the corresponding outer wall of presumptive area where the outlet that spiral circulating pipe 103 flows out slurry, to cover
A part of shell 101.Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, heating device 102 includes 4 pieces of heating mantles, the centre of shell 101 is covered extremely
Spiral circulating pipe 103 flows out the region of the outlet of slurry.
Spiral circulating pipe 103 is arranged in chamber, and spiral circulating pipe one end 1031 is connected to slurry inlet 1011, wherein
After slurry imports spiral circulating pipe 103 from slurry inlet 1011, the pipeline along spiral circulating pipe 103 flows, and from helical ring
The flow tube other end 1032 flows out, wherein slurry flows into chamber after the outflow of spiral circulating pipe 1032, with from oxidant inlet 1012
The raw oxidation reaction of the oxidant hybrid concurrency of room.It should be noted that in Fig. 1 only about the circulating pipe in spiral circulating pipe 103
It is only that schematically, the disclosure does not limit the length and pitch of the laps number of circulating pipe.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, spiral circulating pipe 103 can flow organic ink along circulating pipe, on the one hand increase
Add the liquidity of organic ink, on the other hand increase the flow velocity of organic ink, the pyrolysis effect of organic ink can be increased in this way
Rate.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, spiral circulating pipe 103 can be set in the position close to 101 inner wall of shell.Specifically
Ground, in the case where shell 101 includes shell and inner casing, spiral circulating pipe 103 can be can be set shell and inner casing it
Between.In order to increase the liquidity of organic ink, spiral circulating pipe 103 can be wound into inner casing and be configured.According to the disclosure
Embodiment, inner casing can also be referred to as liner, as shown in Figure 1, inner liner location can be arranged as shown in Figure 1.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the overcritical water oxidization reactor 100 of the disclosure can be used for handling solid combustible
Object slurry.By the way that solid combustible is shredded defibrination, it is introduced directly into spiral circulating pipe 103, may be implemented in spiral circulating pipe
It is thermally decomposed in 103, after the outflow of spiral circulating pipe 103, so that it may carry out supercritical water oxidation.Work as supercritical water
Mean temperature be 600 DEG C when, organic matter pyrolysis is generally 1 second or so, when organic matter flow be 10L/h, organic matter stop when
Between minimum 8s or more, effect is better than needed for theory.
In the related art, if organic matter is directly fed, organic matter can cool down reaction zone temperature, lower reaction effect
Fruit.When reaction temperature is 600 DEG C, it is 1s or so that organic matter pyrolysis, which needs the time, when reaction temperature is 550 DEG C, organic matter
It is then 5min the time required to pyrolysis, reaction efficiency can be reduced.As it can be seen that the disclosure is compared with the prior art, the reaction time is very fast,
Improve treatment effeciency.
In the related art, oxidant and waste material are directly mixed generally in overcritical water oxidization reactor, so
The temperature of to be oxidized dose and waste material could react completely after reaching certain temperature afterwards.But due to organic slurry molecule
Amount is big, and spatial configuration of molecules is stablized, it is difficult to aoxidize in a relatively short period of time.Also, in this case, from externally input useless
Material can not only reduce the temperature of reaction zone, cause reaction time of the waste material in overcritical water oxidization reactor long, reduce reaction
Efficiency.By embodiment of the disclosure, spiral circulating pipe is provided in the chamber of overcritical water oxidization reactor, when overcritical
It can be into when the chamber room temperature of water oxidation reactor reaches certain temperature, during slurry flows in spiral circulating pipe
Row is fully warmed-up, and is heated up, it might even be possible to be thermally decomposed, to ensure the pyrolysis time of organic slurry, ensure that organic material
Slurry carries out the completeness of supercritical water oxidation, improves reaction efficiency.
Below with reference to Fig. 2~Fig. 5, reactor shown in FIG. 1 is described further in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Fig. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the overcritical water oxidization reactor according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in Fig. 2, overcritical water oxidization reactor 200 includes shell 201, heating device 202, spiral circulating pipe 203
With pipe 204 of turning back.
Wherein, slurry inlet 2011, oxidant inlet 2012 and discharge port 2013 are provided on shell 201.Spiral circulation
Pipe 203 includes spiral circulating pipe one end 2031 and the spiral circulating pipe other end 2032.
It should be noted that shell 201, heating device 202, the spiral circulating pipe 203 in the embodiment of the present disclosure can join
Description of the disclosure to Fig. 1 is examined, for purpose of brevity for description, details are not described herein.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, pipe 204 of turning back is arranged in the chamber, and pipe 204 of turning back includes the inner tube of both ends open
2041 and outer tube 2042 open at one end, outer tube 2042 be sheathed on the outside of inner tube 2041, inner tube 2041 and oxidant inlet
2012 connections.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, oxidant is after the importing of oxidant inlet 2012, by inner tube 2041, subsequently into
Outer tube 2042, finally from outer tube 2042 it is open at one end from export.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cental axial position in chamber can be set in pipe 204 of turning back.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, inner tube 2041 and the shape of outer tube 2042, material, size be without limitation.Example
Such as, 2041 diameter of inner tube can be φ 25~φ 42mm, and wall thickness can be 4~6mm, and outer tube diameter can be 42mm or more, wall
Thickness can be 4~6mm, and length can be between 3000mm~6000mm.In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, pipe 204 of turning back is big
It is small moderate, production cost can be effectively reduced, be conducive to market application.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, pipe of turning back can make pipe internal oxidition agent heat up as far as possible, increase preheating time.
The pipe that will turn back simultaneously is set to supercritical water reaction device cental axial position, its heating temperature is made to can achieve highest.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the type of oxidant is without limitation.For example, it may be liquid oxygen, hydrogen peroxide etc..
Fig. 3 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the overcritical water oxidization reactor according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in figure 3, overcritical water oxidization reactor 300 include shell 301, heating device 302, spiral circulating pipe 303,
It turns back pipe 304 and blender 305.
Wherein, slurry inlet 3011, oxidant inlet 3012 and discharge port 3013 are provided on shell 301.Spiral circulation
Pipe 303 includes spiral circulating pipe one end 3031 and the spiral circulating pipe other end 3032.Pipe 304 of turning back includes the inner tube of both ends open
3041 and outer tube 3042 open at one end.
It should be noted that shell 301, heating device 302, spiral circulating pipe 303 in the embodiment of the present disclosure and turning back
Pipe 304 etc. can refer to description of the disclosure to Fig. 1 and/or Fig. 2, and for purpose of brevity for description, details are not described herein.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, blender 305 includes shaft 3051, and shaft 3051 passes through shell 301 and protrudes into chamber
Interior and/or shaft 3051 passes through discharge port 3013 and protrudes into chamber.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, it should be noted that blender 305 can also include rotor, separation sleeve, magnetic patch etc.
Component (being not shown in Fig. 3) needed for equal blenders.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the setting position of slurry inlet 3011, oxidant inlet 3012 and discharge port 3013
Without limitation.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, shell 301 includes the first end wall, side wall and the second end opposite with the first end wall
Wall, wherein slurry inlet 3011 be arranged on side wall, oxidant inlet 3012 be arranged on the first end wall, blender 305 and go out
Material mouth 3013 is arranged on the second end wall, and optionally, discharge port 3013 also can be set on side wall.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, blender 305 can be magnetic stirring apparatus, in overcritical water oxidization reactor 300
In the case where vertically-mounted, it is anti-can to be mainly used for stirring by being installed on the bottom of overcritical water oxidization reactor 300
Device basic sediment is answered, solid particulate matter deposition, hardened, blocking discharge port are prevented.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the overcritical water oxidization reactor 300 of the disclosure can be used for handling solid combustible
Object slurry.In general, if solid directly feeds overcritical water oxidization reactor and will lead in overcritical water oxidization reactor
Blocking, the disclosure breach the technical bottleneck that charging both at home and abroad is liquid or gas, can be by solid after shredding defibrination, will
The particle of slurry is lower than 50 μm, and slurry is pumped to overcritical water oxidization reactor, to prevent bulky grain in supercritical water reaction device
Inside deposition eliminates obstacle.Meanwhile on the transfer passage of supercritical water reaction device slurry, it is provided with spiral circulation channel,
So that flow rate of slurry locally increases, paste deposition is avoided.Further, stirring is set in overcritical water oxidization reactor
Device protrudes into chamber, avoids pulp particle and deposits inside supercritical water reaction device.It is complete not only to realize solid particulate oxidation
It is complete thorough, and avoid blocking in overcritical water oxidization reactor.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, overcritical water oxidization reactor can also include liner.The liner can be equivalent to
The inner casing of overcritical water oxidization reactor.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, liner can be arranged in the chamber, wherein spiral circulating pipe can be outside liner
Wall winding setting.Liner can be through aluminising, shot-peening hammering and spraying thermal barrier coating processing, and thermal barrier coating includes being arranged alternately
Multiple aluminium layers and multiple alumina layers.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, interior laying-in aluminising, shot-peening hammering and spraying thermal barrier coating processing, thermal barrier coating packet
After including the multiple aluminium layers and multiple alumina layers being arranged alternately, it is equivalent to and generates corrosion-inhibiting coating in interior lining, can make
One layer of fine and close gel layer is formed in the inner wall of liner by the high temperature action of supercritical water, prevents supercritical water and inner liner metal
Contact and corrosion.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the key condition for forming fine and close gel layer is that have one between metal and gel layer
The fine and close particulate metal atom of layer.On the one hand, this layer of special metallic atom is connected by metallic bond with base metal.Another party
Face is connected in the form of chemical bond with gel layer again.In order to prepare this layer of metallic atom, the present invention uses nickel based metal, right first
Metal body carries out aluminising processing, uses shot-peening hammering metal surface later, to form fine and close metal al atomic layer, sprays later
Thermal barrier coating is applied, by metallic aluminium, the alternating spray of aluminum oxide ceramic layer, the thermal boundary that metal surface forms 6~8 layers is applied
Layer, thickness about 2~3mm.After thermal barrier coating encounters supercritical water, this layer of thermal barrier coating translates into fine and close gel layer.Gel
Layer can prevent contact and corrosion of the supercritical water with inner liner metal.
Fig. 4 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the overcritical water oxidization reactor according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in figure 4, overcritical water oxidization reactor 400 include shell 401, heating device 402, spiral circulating pipe 403,
It turns back pipe 404, blender 405 and cooling device 406.
Wherein, slurry inlet 4011, oxidant inlet 4012 and discharge port 4013 are provided on shell 401.Spiral circulation
Pipe 403 includes spiral circulating pipe one end 4031 and the spiral circulating pipe other end 4032.Pipe 404 of turning back includes the inner tube of both ends open
4041 and outer tube 4042 open at one end.Blender 405 includes shaft 4051.
It should be noted that shell 401, heating device 402 in the embodiment of the present disclosure, spiral circulating pipe 403, pipe of turning back
404 and blender 405 etc. can refer to description of the disclosure to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, for purpose of brevity for description, herein not
It repeats again.
The reaction product on side wall, for generating in cooling chamber is arranged in cooling device 406；Wherein, heating device 402
It can be disposed side by side on side wall with cooling device 406, also, heating device 402 is less than cooling dress at a distance from the first end wall
406 are set at a distance from the first end wall.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in figure 4, heating device 402 is less than cooling device at a distance from the first end wall
406 at a distance from the first end wall, that is, heating device 402 is closer to the first end wall, cooling device 406 is far from the first end wall.By
It reacts in slurry and oxidant in the position close to the first end wall, therefore, can be arranged in the position close to the first end wall
Cooling device 406 can be arranged in the position close to the second end wall in heating device 402.
Fig. 5 diagrammatically illustrates the schematic diagram of the cooling device 406 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in figure 5, cooling device 406 can be made of coolant jacket group, it is covered on overcritical water oxidization reactor 400
Outer wall, each coolant jacket group include that 2 half coolant jackets, 4061,2 half coolant jackets 4061 can be solid with fixation hole and bolt 4062
It is fixed, cooling water can be filled in half coolant jacket 4061, such as fill from 2 half coolant jacket, 4061 one end according to arrow mode in Fig. 5
After entering water, water then is discharged from 2 half coolant jacket, 4061 other ends.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, it should be noted that the reaction product that cooling device 406 generates in cooling chamber
When, generally the temperature of reaction product will not be reduced to room temperature, can be the temperature of reaction product is reduced to it is higher than room temperature, very
It is designed in this way to the temperature for being above water boiling for example, being reduced to 300 DEG C from 500 DEG C, temperature when due to reaction product discharge
Degree is higher, not only alleviates the burden of supercritical water reaction device cooling, while improving overcritical water oxidization reactor effluent temperature
After degree, can make full use of reaction product itself temperature be subsequent reaction product separation equipment create spontaneous evaporation must
Want condition.It should be noted that another function of cooling device 406 is to prevent the temperature of chamber excessively high, to prevent from overheating
Reaction.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a kind of utilization overcritical water oxidization reactor processing radioactivity organic waste is additionally provided
The method of object.In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, overcritical water oxidization reactor needed for handling radioactivity debirs can be
Any overcritical water oxidization reactor in disclosure Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.
In the related art, oxidant and waste material are directly mixed generally in overcritical water oxidization reactor, so
The temperature of to be oxidized dose and waste material could react completely after reaching certain temperature afterwards.But due to organic slurry molecule
Amount is big, and spatial configuration of molecules is stablized, it is difficult to aoxidize in a relatively short period of time.Also, in this case, from externally input useless
Material can not only reduce the temperature of reaction zone, cause reaction time of the waste material in overcritical water oxidization reactor long, reduce reaction
Efficiency.By embodiment of the disclosure, spiral circulating pipe is provided in the chamber of overcritical water oxidization reactor, when overcritical
When the chamber room temperature of water oxidation reactor reaches certain temperature, process that radioactivity debirs flow in spiral circulating pipe
In can be carried out being fully warmed-up, heat up, it might even be possible to thermally decomposed, thus when extending the pyrolysis of radioactivity debirs
Between, it ensure that radioactivity debirs carry out the completeness of supercritical water oxidation, improve reaction efficiency.
Fig. 6 is diagrammatically illustrated according to the organic using overcritical water oxidization reactor processing radioactivity of the embodiment of the present disclosure
The flow chart of waste.
As shown in fig. 6, including step S601~S604 using overcritical water oxidization reactor processing radioactivity debirs.
In step S601, chamber is preheated by heating device.
Target solution is inputted chamber by slurry inlet when the indoor temperature of chamber reaches the first temperature by step S602
It is interior, and chamber is continued to heat, until the indoor temperature of chamber reaches second temperature.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, can use the pre- thermal reactor of electric heating cover, make the temperature in reactor cavity room
Degree reaches the first temperature, such as can be 300 DEG C.In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, target solution can be sucrose solution, can be with
Start sucrose solution charging pump, by sucrose solution by the way that in slurry inlet input cavity room, temperature of reactor is heated to the second temperature
Degree, wherein second temperature is greater than or equal to 600 DEG C, such as can be 650 DEG C or more.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, overcritical water oxidization reactor include turn back pipe in the case where, oxidant first from
Oxidant inlet enters pipe of turning back, and successively after the inner and outer tubes for pipe of turning back, is entering chamber from the opening of outer tube.
The slurry of radioactivity debirs is inputted spiral circulating pipe by slurry inlet, along spiral circulation by step S603
The pipeline of pipe flows, and flows out from the other end of spiral circulating pipe.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the case where reaching reaction condition, for example, supercritical water oxidation temperature is maintained at
650 DEG C~750 DEG C, in the case that pressure is maintained at 20~25Mpa, start debirs charging pump, by radioactivity debirs
Slurry pass through slurry inlet input spiral circulating pipe.Under general operating condition, reactor inner casing is 650 DEG C close to nozzle segment temperature
~800 DEG C, corresponding casing part temperature is no more than 600 DEG C, after inside and outside shell is jacketed with the jacketed dual-cooled of shell, instead
Answer product temperatur be reduced to 120 DEG C~300 DEG C hereinafter, but should not be too low, it should have enough temperature by reaction product itself energy
Enough all evaporations.
Step S604, radioactivity debirs slurry after the outflow of the other end of spiral circulating pipe, and from oxidation
Agent entrance enters the raw oxidation reaction of oxidant hybrid concurrency of chamber.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the case where overcritical water oxidization reactor includes blender, blender is utilized
The oxidation product for occurring to obtain after oxidation reaction is stirred.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, when oxidation product being discharged from discharge port, when oxidation product is discharged from discharge port
Temperature is that can be between 120 DEG C to 300 DEG C, it is alternatively possible to be between 150 DEG C to 300 DEG C.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, General reactions temperature is 600 DEG C in the related technology, and the disclosure is compared to other overcritical
The reaction temperature of water reaction is high, effectively increases reaction rate.Meanwhile the outlet temperature of oxidation product is high, can be 300 DEG C,
Alleviate the burden of supercritical water reaction device.20~200kg/h can achieve for solid combustible processing capacity, it is even higher
Processing is horizontal.
The disclosure can use overcritical water oxidization reactor processing solid combustible slurry.By the way that solid combustible is cut
Comminution slurry, is introduced directly into spiral circulating pipe, may be implemented to be thermally decomposed in spiral circulating pipe, flows out from spiral circulating pipe
Later, so that it may carry out supercritical water oxidation.When the mean temperature of supercritical water is 600 DEG C, organic matter pyrolysis is general
It is 1 second or so, when solid combustible logistics capacity is 10L/h, organic matter residence time minimum 8s or more, effect is better than needed for theory.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the feature recorded in each embodiment and/or claim of the disclosure can
To carry out multiple combinations and/or combination, even if such combination or combination are not expressly recited in the disclosure.Particularly, exist
In the case where not departing from disclosure spirit or teaching, the feature recorded in each embodiment and/or claim of the disclosure can
To carry out multiple combinations and/or combination.All these combinations and/or combination each fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Although the disclosure, art technology has shown and described referring to the certain exemplary embodiments of the disclosure
Personnel it should be understood that in the case where the spirit and scope of the present disclosure limited without departing substantially from the following claims and their equivalents,
A variety of changes in form and details can be carried out to the disclosure.Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure should not necessarily be limited by above-described embodiment,
But should be not only determined by appended claims, also it is defined by the equivalent of appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of overcritical water oxidization reactor, comprising:
Shell, inside is formed for providing the chamber of reaction zone, at least provided with slurry inlet, oxidant inlet on the shell
And discharge port；
Heating device, for improving the temperature of the chamber；
Spiral circulating pipe is arranged in the chamber, and one end of the spiral circulating pipe is connected to the slurry inlet, wherein
After slurry imports the spiral circulating pipe from the slurry inlet, the pipeline along the spiral circulating pipe flows, and from described
The other end of spiral circulating pipe flows out；
Wherein, the slurry from the other end of the spiral circulating pipe outflow after, with from the oxidant inlet flow into described in
The raw oxidation reaction of the oxidant hybrid concurrency of chamber.
2. reactor according to claim 1, further includes:
Turn back pipe, setting in the cavity, the pipe of turning back include both ends open inner tube and outer tube open at one end, institute
The outside that outer tube sleeve is set to said inner tube is stated, said inner tube is connected to the oxidant inlet.
3. reactor according to claim 2, wherein
The cental axial position of the chamber is arranged in the pipe of turning back.
4. reactor according to claim 1, further includes:
Blender, including shaft, the shaft protrudes into the chamber across the shell and/or the shaft passes through
The discharge port protrudes into the chamber.
5. reactor according to claim 4, wherein
The shell includes the first end wall, side wall and second end wall opposite with first end wall, wherein the slurry enters
Mouth is arranged on the side wall, and the oxidant inlet is arranged on first end wall, the blender and the discharge port
It is arranged on second end wall.
6. reactor according to claim 5, further includes:
Liner, setting is in the cavity, wherein the spiral circulating pipe is wound along the liner outer wall to be arranged, wherein described
Interior laying-in aluminising, shot-peening hammering and spraying thermal barrier coating processing, the thermal barrier coating include multiple aluminium layers for being arranged alternately and
Multiple alumina layers.
7. reactor according to claim 5, further includes:
Cooling device is arranged on the side wall, for cooling down the reaction product generated in the chamber；Wherein, the heating
Device and the cooling device are disposed side by side on the side wall, also, the heating device is at a distance from first end wall
Less than the cooling device at a distance from first end wall.
8. a kind of handle radioactivity debirs using overcritical water oxidization reactor described in any one of any one of claims 1 to 77
Method, comprising:
The chamber is preheated by the heating device；
When the indoor temperature of the chamber reaches the first temperature, target solution is inputted into the chamber by the slurry inlet
It is interior, and the chamber is continued to heat, until the indoor temperature of the chamber reaches second temperature；
The slurry of the radioactivity debirs is inputted into the spiral circulating pipe by the slurry inlet, along the helical ring
The pipeline of flow tube flows, and flows out from the other end of the spiral circulating pipe；
The radioactivity debirs slurry after the outflow of the other end of the spiral circulating pipe, and from the oxidant
Entrance enters the raw oxidation reaction of oxidant hybrid concurrency of the chamber.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, wherein, the method also includes:
In the case where the overcritical water oxidization reactor includes turning back pipe, the oxidant first from the oxidant inlet into
Enter the pipe of turning back, after the inner and outer tubes for pipe of turning back described in successively pass through, enters the chamber from the opening of the outer tube
Room.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, wherein, the method also includes:
In the case where the overcritical water oxidization reactor includes blender, using the blender to occur oxidation reaction it
After obtain oxidation product and be stirred；
The oxidation product is discharged from the discharge port, wherein the temperature when oxidation product is discharged from the discharge port
Between 150 DEG C to 300 DEG C, the second temperature is greater than or equal to 600 DEG C.
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| CN201910108890.0A CN109851030B (en) | 2019-02-03 | 2019-02-03 | Supercritical water oxidation reactor and method for treating radioactive organic waste |
| PCT/CN2020/073313 WO2020156336A1 (en) | 2019-02-03 | 2020-01-20 | Treatment of radioactive organic solid waste by supercritical water oxidation |
| EP20748407.2A EP3919446A4 (en) | 2019-02-03 | 2020-01-20 | Treatment of radioactive organic solid waste by supercritical water oxidation |
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| CN109851030B (en) | 2020-10-09 |
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