CN109850950A - A kind of absorbing material and preparation method thereof compound by barium ferrite and carbon nanotube - Google Patents

A kind of absorbing material and preparation method thereof compound by barium ferrite and carbon nanotube Download PDF

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CN109850950A
CN109850950A CN201811525479.5A CN201811525479A CN109850950A CN 109850950 A CN109850950 A CN 109850950A CN 201811525479 A CN201811525479 A CN 201811525479A CN 109850950 A CN109850950 A CN 109850950A
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preparation
barium ferrite
absorbing material
barium
ammonium hydroxide
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刘平安
黄晨宇
吴鸿丰
曾令可
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of absorbing material compound by barium ferrite and carbon nanotube.Preparation method include prepare barium ferrite, it is compound, be condensed back, washing and etc..This method prepares barium ferrite using Sol-Gel auto-combustion method, gained particle uniform nano barium ferrite particle, it is with preferable magnetic performance performance, it is finally using silane coupling agent that it is compound with carbon nanotube, and this method simple process, available can preferable composite wave-suction materials.

Description

A kind of absorbing material and preparation method thereof compound by barium ferrite and carbon nanotube
Technical field
The invention belongs to functional material preparation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high performance microwave absorbing material and its preparation Method.
Background technique
Since 21st century, science and technology enters the gold period of development, and all kinds of scientific and technological achievements also obtain directly in succession Use is scooped out, therefore people's lives quality is significantly improved.But it is at full speed with communication, space technology and wireless electron technology Development, electromagnetic radiation are also increasingly serious.Electromagnetic pollution not only will affect the normal operation of industrial equipment, but also to human body Health generate harm.These factors can generate negative effect to the raising of people's quality of life, therefore we are badly in need of taking Measure solves the problems, such as Contamination of Electromagnetic Wave.
Absorbing material be solve Problem of Electromagnetic Waves one of effective measures, ferrite as traditional absorbing material have compared with Good magnetic property has certain magnetic loss performance to microwave.However, single absorbing material is difficult to reach in the new era Multiband, wide band assimilation effect, commonly used approach are exactly ion doping, compound, special appearance, nanosizing etc., To obtain a kind of absorbing material of better performances.
The barium ferrite of Magnetoplumbate-type has more excellent compared to the ferrite of spinel-type as the ferritic one kind of tradition Different magnetic property, including biggish coercivity, higher saturation magnetization and remanent magnetization.Due to its excellent magnetic Performance is learned, can be used as a kind of magnetic loss type absorbing material.But barium ferrite does not have dielectric properties, cannot generate Jie to microwave Electrical loss, and autologous density is larger, limits its application as microwave absorbing coating.Carbon nanotube is a kind of suction wave material that comparison is new Material.It is bigger than some common absorbing material areas, and draw ratio wants higher.Along with this hollow tubular structure, Excellent thermal conductivity and electric conductivity are shown, dielectric material is belonged to, biggish dielectric loss can produce to microwave.Except this it Outside, carbon nanotube not only possesses the characteristic of metal, also there is some characteristics of semiconductor.Since it has nanostructure, have more The special mechanism of kind, including dimensional effect and interfacial polarization etc..
Summary of the invention
It is compound it is an object of the invention to carry out barium ferrite and carbon nanotube, preferable composite effect is obtained, in turn Obtain a kind of high performance microwave absorbing material.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution.
A kind of barium ferrite/carbon nano tube compound material preparation method comprising the steps of:
(1) barium ferrite is prepared first;
(2) silane coupling agent is added in dehydrated alcohol and ammonium hydroxide, is uniformly mixed and obtains silane coupler solution, then will It is added in silane coupler solution and is reacted after barium ferrite and carbon nanotube mixing;
(3) washing is to no ammonium hydroxide smell after reaction, and then filtration drying grinds to obtain the absorbing material.
Preferably, barium ferrite and the mass ratio of carbon nanotube are 91-95:5-9, the step (2) in the step (2) The volume ratio of middle ethyl alcohol and ammonium hydroxide is 5-8:1, and the concentration of the silane coupling agent is 95-99wt%, silane coupler solution Concentration is 4-5wt%.
Preferably, barium ferrite and the mass ratio of carbon nanotube are 91-95:5-9 in the step (2), the ammonium hydroxide Concentration is 25-28wt%, and the silane coupling agent quality and barium ferrite and the total mass ratio of carbon nanotube are 4-4.5:1.
Preferably, reaction condition is that stirring is condensed back 2h-5h at 50 DEG C -70 DEG C in the step (3), and drying condition is 40-60 DEG C of vacuum drying 12h-24h.
Preferably, the silane coupling agent is KH550.
Preferably, the preparation of barium ferrite includes: by Fe (NO in the step (1)3)3·9H2O、Ba(NO3)2With a water Citric acid mixing is soluble in water, and adjusts pH to neutrality, and heating, which is reacted and stands solidification, forms gel, then carries out from climing Prolong burning and calcining, finally grinding obtains the barium ferrite.
Preferably, the Fe (NO3)3·9H2O and Ba (NO3)2Molar ratio be 1:10.5-11.5, the Citric Acid Mono Amount be 1.1-1.5 times of amount of iron ion and barium ions total material.
Preferably, the self-propagating combustion is that the gel is put into electric drying oven with forced convection to be heated to 150-180 DEG C, During heating, the gel expands spontaneous combustion.
Since pure barium ferrite and carbon nanotube only have single suction wave loss mechanisms, barium ferrite only has magnetic hysteresis damage Consumption, carbon nanotube only have dielectric loss, and two kinds of single materials can not all have more excellent absorbing property, and the two is led to It crosses preparation method of the invention and carries out the suction wave loss mechanisms compound, both resulting composite wave-suction material will be provided simultaneously with, therefore Absorbing property is significantly improved.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages that and gain effect:
(1) complex method of the present invention is simple, at low cost, is easy to industrialized mass production.
(2) composite material in the present invention after doped carbon nanometer pipe is up to -36.6dB to the maximum reflectivity of microwave, and After compound, wave frequency rate is inhaled toward low frequency movement, the frequency bandwidth of < -10dB (being greater than 90% to the absorption of incidence wave) also has very bright Aobvious increase, so absorbing property is significantly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the XRD diagram of heretofore described compound absorbing material;
Fig. 2 is heretofore described BaFe12O19Nano particle SEM shape appearance figure;
Fig. 3 is the SEM shape appearance figure of absorbing material of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the absorbing property figure of heretofore described composite wave-suction material.
Specific embodiment
Method of the invention will be further described by specific example below, but the present invention is not limited only to the reality Apply example.
Embodiment 1
BaFe of the present invention12O19Preparation, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) it calculates, the material needed for being calculated according to the ratio of the amount of the substance of each element in Magnetoplumbate-type barium ferrite Quality takes Ba (NO3)2For the quality for calculating unclassified stores on the basis of 0.003mol, the amount of the substance of each material and corresponding can be obtained Quality, as shown in table 1 below:
1 BaFe of table12O19Preparation in each substance amount
Wherein, the amount of citric acid is selected as 1.1 times of the amount of total metal ion species, it is contemplated that 0.003molBaFe processed12O19
(2) it weighs and dissolves.The Fe that the corrresponding quality of each substance calculated with electronic balance according to step 1 weighs respectively (NO3)3·9H2O, Ba (NO3)2And Citric Acid Mono.Then, beaker is added in these three substances, be dissolved in deionized water, stirred Uniformly.
(3) pH is adjusted to neutrality.Use the concentrated ammonia liquor of 25wt%: the mixed solution regulating step of water=1:1 (volume ratio) (2) pH value of configured solution.
(4) collosol and gel is converted.By step (3) resulting solution as stirrer in water-bath heater, is added, setting is warm Degree is 80 DEG C, adjusts mixing speed, carries out moisture evaporation, until the solution in beaker becomes sticky greasy colloidal sol, later, Standing makes colloidal sol solidify to form gel.
(5) self-propagating combustion.Gel obtained by step (4) is put into electric drying oven with forced convection and is heated, temperature is set It is 150 DEG C.During heating, gel can expand, and understand spontaneous combustion later, become fluffy coral sprills.This When, drying oven power supply switch is closed, after cooling, takes out sample, it is with mortar that its is finely ground.
(6) it calcines.Obtained powder is added in crucible, is put into Muffle furnace and is calcined.Temperature curve setting is as follows Shown in Fig. 1, detailed process are as follows: room temperature → 255min → 850 DEG C → 120min → 850 DEG C → 180min → 200 DEG C → cold with furnace But.
(7) after the completion of calcining, sample is taken out, is ground, obtains BaFe12O19
Embodiment 2
BaFe of the present invention12O19Preparation, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) it calculates, the material needed for being calculated according to the ratio of the amount of the substance of each element in Magnetoplumbate-type barium ferrite Quality takes Ba (NO3)2For the quality for calculating unclassified stores on the basis of 0.003mol, the amount of the substance of each material and corresponding can be obtained Quality, as shown in table 1 below:
2 BaFe of table12O19Preparation in each substance amount
Wherein, the amount of citric acid is selected as 1.3 times of the amount of total metal ion species, it is contemplated that 0.003molBaFe processed12O19
(2) it weighs and dissolves.The Fe that the corrresponding quality of each substance calculated with electronic balance according to step 1 weighs respectively (NO3)3·9H2O, Ba (NO3)2And Citric Acid Mono.Then, beaker is added in these three substances, be dissolved in deionized water, stirred Uniformly.
(3) pH is adjusted to neutrality.Use the concentrated ammonia liquor of 26.5wt%: the mixed solution of water=1:1 (volume ratio) adjusts step Suddenly the pH value of (2) configured solution.
(4) collosol and gel is converted.By step (3) resulting solution as stirrer in water-bath heater, is added, setting is warm Degree is 80 DEG C, adjusts mixing speed, carries out moisture evaporation, until the solution in beaker becomes sticky greasy colloidal sol, later, Standing makes colloidal sol solidify to form gel.
(5) self-propagating combustion.Gel obtained by step (4) is put into electric drying oven with forced convection and is heated, temperature is set It is 165 DEG C.During heating, gel can expand, and understand spontaneous combustion later, become fluffy coral sprills.This When, drying oven power supply switch is closed, after cooling, takes out sample, it is with mortar that its is finely ground.
(6) it calcines.Obtained powder is added in crucible, is put into Muffle furnace and is calcined.Temperature curve setting is as follows Shown in Fig. 1, detailed process are as follows: room temperature → 255min → 850 DEG C → 120min → 850 DEG C → 180min → 200 DEG C → cold with furnace But.
(7) after the completion of calcining, sample is taken out, is ground, obtains BaFe12O19
Embodiment 3
BaFe of the present invention12O19Preparation, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) it calculates, the material needed for being calculated according to the ratio of the amount of the substance of each element in Magnetoplumbate-type barium ferrite Quality takes Ba (NO3)2For the quality for calculating unclassified stores on the basis of 0.003mol, the amount of the substance of each material and corresponding can be obtained Quality, as shown in table 1 below:
3 BaFe of table12O19Preparation in each substance amount
Wherein, the amount of citric acid is selected as 1.5 times of the amount of total metal ion species, it is contemplated that 0.003molBaFe processed12O19
(2) it weighs and dissolves.The Fe that the corrresponding quality of each substance calculated with electronic balance according to step 1 weighs respectively (NO3)3·9H2O, Ba (NO3)2And Citric Acid Mono.Then, beaker is added in these three substances, be dissolved in deionized water, stirred Uniformly.
(3) pH is adjusted to neutrality.Use the concentrated ammonia liquor of 28wt%: the mixed solution regulating step of water=1:1 (volume ratio) (2) pH value of configured solution.
(4) collosol and gel is converted.By step (3) resulting solution as stirrer in water-bath heater, is added, setting is warm Degree is 80 DEG C, adjusts mixing speed, carries out moisture evaporation, until the solution in beaker becomes sticky greasy colloidal sol, later, Standing makes colloidal sol solidify to form gel.
(5) self-propagating combustion.Gel obtained by step (4) is put into electric drying oven with forced convection and is heated, temperature is set It is 180 DEG C.During heating, gel can expand, and understand spontaneous combustion later, become fluffy coral sprills.This When, drying oven power supply switch is closed, after cooling, takes out sample, it is with mortar that its is finely ground.
(6) it calcines.Obtained powder is added in crucible, is put into Muffle furnace and is calcined.Temperature curve setting is as follows Shown in Fig. 1, detailed process are as follows: room temperature → 255min → 850 DEG C → 120min → 850 DEG C → 180min → 200 DEG C → cold with furnace But.
(7) after the completion of calcining, sample is taken out, is ground, obtains BaFe12O19
Embodiment 4
Preparation method containing barium ferrite composite carbon nanometer tube absorbing material of the invention, composed of the following components: 95%-BaFe12O19, 5%-CNTs, preparation process the following steps are included:
Step A is weighed: being weighed the concentrated ammonia liquor (concentration 25%) of 80ml dehydrated alcohol, 10ml, 4g silane coupling agent is (dense Degree is 95wt%), i.e., silane coupler solution concentration is 5wt%, is poured into three-necked flask;
Step B, it is compound: to weigh 0.95g barium ferrite powder (obtaining using the preparation method of embodiment 1), 0.05g carbon is received Mitron pours into above-mentioned three-necked flask;
Stirring: step C above-mentioned three-necked flask is put into 50 DEG C of water-bath, and connects condenser pipe, stirred under water bath condition Mix condensing reflux processing 2h;
Step D: it filters: aforesaid liquid being subjected to washing filtering using dehydrated alcohol, up to no ammonium hydroxide smell;
Step E: the powder that will filter out is put into 40 DEG C of vacuum ovens and 12h is dried.It finally slightly grinds, obtains The absorbing material.
Embodiment 5
Preparation method containing barium ferrite composite carbon nanometer tube absorbing material of the invention, composed of the following components: 93%-BaFe12O19, 7%-CNTs, preparation process the following steps are included:
Step A is weighed: being weighed the concentrated ammonia liquor (concentration 26%) of 90ml dehydrated alcohol, 15ml, 4.5g silane coupling agent (concentration 97wt%), i.e. silane coupler solution concentration are 4.5wt%, are poured into three-necked flask,
Step B, it is compound: to weigh 0.93g barium ferrite powder (obtaining using the preparation method of embodiment 1), 0.07g carbon is received Mitron pours into above-mentioned three-necked flask;
Stirring: step C above-mentioned three-necked flask is put into 60 DEG C of water-bath, and connects condenser pipe, stirred under water bath condition Mix condensing reflux processing 3h;
Step D: it filters: aforesaid liquid being subjected to washing filtering using dehydrated alcohol, up to no ammonium hydroxide smell;
Step E: the powder that will filter out is put into 60 DEG C of vacuum ovens and 18h is dried.It finally slightly grinds, obtains The absorbing material.
Embodiment 6
Preparation method containing barium ferrite composite carbon nanometer tube absorbing material of the invention, composed of the following components: 91%-BaFe12O19, 9%-CNTs, preparation process the following steps are included:
Step A is weighed: being weighed the concentrated ammonia liquor (concentration 28%) of 100ml dehydrated alcohol, 20ml, 4.2g silane coupling agent (concentration 99wt%), i.e. silane coupler solution concentration are 4wt%, are poured into three-necked flask;
Step B, it is compound: to weigh 0.91g barium ferrite powder (obtaining using the preparation method of embodiment 1), 0.09g carbon is received Mitron pours into above-mentioned three-necked flask;
Stirring: step C above-mentioned three-necked flask is put into 70 DEG C of water-bath, and connects condenser pipe, stirred under water bath condition Mix condensing reflux processing 5h;
Step D: it filters: aforesaid liquid being subjected to washing filtering using dehydrated alcohol, up to no ammonium hydroxide smell;
Step E: the powder that will filter out is put into 60 DEG C of vacuum ovens and is dried for 24 hours.It finally slightly grinds, obtains The absorbing material.
In Fig. 1, B/C is composite wave-suction material of the present invention, available from Fig. 1, composite wave-suction material and pure barium iron Oxysome has almost the same XRD diffraction maximum, and the barium ferrite particle for showing that the present invention is prepared in Fig. 2 is uniform, in conjunction with Fig. 3 Illustrate that the composite effect of barium ferrite and carbon nanotube is preferable.
Fig. 4 is the suction wave reflection rate figure of barium ferrite and the nano combined resulting materials of different content carbon, and wherein 2-18GHz is Frequency locating for most of military radar wave, 5%CNTs represent the absorbing property figure of 4 gained composite wave-suction material of embodiment, and 7% CNTs represents the absorbing property figure of 5 gained absorbing material of embodiment, and 9%CNTs represents the suction wave of 6 gained absorbing material of embodiment Performance map, BaM are the absorbing property figure of pure barium ferrite, it can be seen that pure barium ferrite at 12.9GHz, has maximum anti- Rate is penetrated, value is -4.4dB;Adulterate 5%, 7%, 9% carbon nanotube maximum reflectivity be respectively -36.6dB, -20.6dB, - 13.7dB;Obviously, after composite carbon nanometer tube, material is significantly improved to the maximum reflectivity of microwave, and after compound, It is mobile toward low frequency to inhale wave frequency rate;The frequency bandwidth of < -10dB (being greater than 90% to the absorption of incidence wave), which also has, obviously to be increased Add, this further illustrates the absorbing property of compound rear material has the promotion of highly significant.
Above-mentioned technical proposal only embodies the optimal technical scheme of technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art The some variations that may be made to certain parts therein embody the principle of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of the present invention Within.

Claims (9)

1. the preparation method of a kind of barium ferrite and carbon nano tube composite wave-absorbing material, it is characterised in that: (1) prepare barium iron first Oxysome;(2) silane coupling agent is added in dehydrated alcohol and ammonium hydroxide, is uniformly mixed and obtains silane coupler solution, then by barium It is added in silane coupler solution and is reacted after ferrite and carbon nanotube mixing;(3) it is washed after reaction to no ammonium hydroxide Smell, then filtration drying grinds to obtain the absorbing material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the concentration of ammonium hydroxide is 25- in the step (2) The volume ratio of 28wt%, ethyl alcohol and ammonium hydroxide is 5-8:1, and the concentration of the silane coupler solution is 4-5wt%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: barium ferrite and carbon nanotube in the step (2) Mass ratio be 91-95:5-9, the concentration of the ammonium hydroxide is 25-28wt%, the silane coupling agent quality and barium ferrite and carbon The total mass ratio of nanotube is 4-4.5:1.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: reaction condition is 50 DEG C -70 DEG C in the step (3) Lower stirring is condensed back 2h-5h, and drying condition is 40-60 DEG C of vacuum drying 12h-24h.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the silane coupling agent is KH550.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (1) preparation of barium ferrite include: By Fe (NO3)3·9H2O、Ba(NO3)2It is soluble in water with Citric Acid Mono mixing, and pH is adjusted to neutrality, heating is reacted simultaneously It stands solidification and forms gel, then carry out self-propagating combustion and calcining, finally grinding obtains the barium ferrite.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the Fe (NO3)3·9H2O and Ba (NO3)2Mole Than for 1:10.5-11.5, the amount of the Citric Acid Mono is 1.1-1.5 times of the amount of iron ion and barium ions total material.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the self-propagating combustion is that the gel is put into electricity 150-180 DEG C is heated in hot blast drying box, during heating, the gel expands spontaneous combustion.
9. barium ferrite and carbon nano tube composite wave-absorbing material that any one of claim 1-8 preparation method obtains.
CN201811525479.5A 2018-12-13 2018-12-13 A kind of absorbing material and preparation method thereof compound by barium ferrite and carbon nanotube Pending CN109850950A (en)

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