CN109850327B - Prediction method for insulation period of insulation can - Google Patents
Prediction method for insulation period of insulation can Download PDFInfo
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- CN109850327B CN109850327B CN201811590133.3A CN201811590133A CN109850327B CN 109850327 B CN109850327 B CN 109850327B CN 201811590133 A CN201811590133 A CN 201811590133A CN 109850327 B CN109850327 B CN 109850327B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a prediction method of a heat preservation period of an incubator, which comprises the following steps: placing goods in a refrigerating area of the heat preservation box, obtaining physical parameters of the goods, and recording the placing time of the goods; the temperature of a refrigerating area in the heat preservation box is adjusted according to a set value through convective heat exchange of a cold accumulation plate arranged in the cold accumulation area; and in a preset temperature range, a heat exchange coupling model of the refrigerating area is established, the temperature of the goods is calculated, and the effective heat preservation period of the goods is calculated through the total heat load generated in unit time of the heat preservation box and the total solid cold storage agent in the cold storage plate. The invention realizes the online prediction of the thermal insulation period of the cold-storage thermal insulation transport case, can ensure the cargo transport quality and promotes the popularization and application of the cold-storage thermal insulation transport case.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cold insulation transportation, in particular to a method for predicting the heat preservation period of an incubator.
Background
In cold chain transportation, temperature maintenance is critical to ensure the quality of cargo transportation. At present, mechanical refrigeration and cold accumulation plate refrigeration are main temperature maintenance modes widely used for cold chain transportation. Mechanical refrigeration is one of the traditional refrigeration modes, and mainly utilizes a compressor to compress refrigerant, the refrigerant is condensed by a condenser and then sent to an evaporator, the refrigerant absorbs heat to evaporate and takes away the heat, so that the temperature of the air in a transport case is reduced. The mechanical refrigeration has the characteristics of stable technology, maturity and the like, but has larger purchase and use costs. The cold accumulation refrigeration mode can utilize peak-valley electricity to accumulate cold, and can achieve the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection. With the continuous improvement of high-efficiency cold accumulation agents and cold accumulation technologies, the cold accumulation plate heat preservation transport case is getting more and more attention, but some problems still exist in the wide application of the cold accumulation plate heat preservation transport case. The prediction of the heat preservation period of the transport case is important for the transport manager to safely complete the transport task. Through the prediction of the heat preservation period, the transportation management side can judge whether the existing cold accumulation amount can support the current transportation task or can formulate a specific transportation strategy according to the current cold accumulation amount, so that the safety of the transportation process is ensured, and the deterioration of goods in the transportation process due to the lack of the prediction of the heat preservation period is avoided.
At present, in the existing cold chain transportation prediction model, the temperature and other parameter changes in the thermal insulation transportation box are mainly predicted, and the temperature prediction model specially aiming at the cold accumulation thermal insulation box is fewer. In the existing model, the temperature change (CN 201710290612.2, CN 201410552844.7) of the air in the thermal insulation transport box is predicted mainly by calculating the thermal load of the thermal insulation transport box, the environmental regulation strategy and the like, and an online prediction method for the thermal insulation period of the cold accumulation thermal insulation transport box by combining the ambient air change to calculate the temperature of goods is not known.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a prediction method of an insulation period of an insulation box, which is used for predicting the safe insulation period of the insulation box in the transportation process, so that the safety of the transportation process is ensured, and the deterioration of goods in the transportation process due to the insufficient prediction of the insulation period is avoided.
In order to realize the tasks, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a prediction method of an insulation period of an insulation can comprises the following steps:
placing goods in a refrigerating area of the heat preservation box, obtaining physical parameters of the goods, and recording the placing time of the goods;
the temperature of a refrigerating area in the heat preservation box is adjusted according to a set value through convective heat exchange of a cold accumulation plate arranged in the cold accumulation area;
and in a preset temperature range, a heat exchange coupling model of the cold storage area is established, the temperature of the goods is calculated, and the effective heat preservation period of the goods is calculated through the total heat load generated in unit time of the heat preservation box and the residual cold quantity of the cold storage agent in the cold storage plate.
Further, the heat exchange coupling model of the refrigerating area is as follows:
wherein c a ,ρ a C represents the specific heat capacity and the density of air in the cold storage area respectively i ,ρ i Respectively representing the specific heat capacity and density of goods in the cold storage area, V a ,V i Respectively representing the air volume and the cargo volume in the cold storage area, t a ,t b ,t i ,t w Respectively representing the air temperature of the cold storage area, the temperature of goods and the outside ambient air temperature of the incubator; τ represents time, K 1 ,K 2 The heat conduction coefficients of the cold storage area and the cold storage area are respectively represented; f (F) 1 ,F 2 Respectively represent the heat transfer specific surface area of the cold storage area and the cold storage area, and the heat transfer specific surface area of the external environment and the cold storage areaAccumulating; q (Q) h ,Q x Respectively represents the heat of cargo call and the heat of outside air leakage.
Further, the total amount Q of heat load generated in unit time of the incubator i Expressed as:
wherein K is 3 Representing the heat transfer coefficient between the cold storage area and the external environment, F 3 Indicating the specific surface area of the cold storage zone for heat transfer to the external environment.
Further, the effective heat preservation period T of the goods is calculated by adopting the following formula:
wherein Q is z Representing the initial total cold quantity of the cold accumulation agent in the cold accumulation plate, T i-1 Representing the transit time (T) 0 ＝0、Q 0 =0), n represents the total lot of the transported goods, i represents the lot of the transported goods (the value is an integer), Q k Indicating the heat transferred when the incubator opens the door.
Further, the insulation can include the box of being made by insulation material, cold-storage area be two regions of mutually independent in the box, wherein:
the cold accumulation plate is detachably arranged in the cold accumulation area, and the cold accumulation area are connected through the air return duct.
Further, the heat insulation material is a composite heat insulation board formed by a vacuum heat insulation board and a polyurethane board.
Further, fans are respectively arranged at two ends of the air return duct, and air convection of the cold storage area and the refrigerating area is accelerated by starting the fans, so that the aim of temperature regulation is fulfilled.
Further, the heat preservation box in still be provided with the equipment district that is used for placing electrical equipment, electrical equipment include the controller, the fan be connected to the controller, and be provided with the human-computer interaction interface who is connected with the controller on the heat preservation box outer wall.
Further, the cold storage area and the outside of the incubator are provided with temperature sensors.
Further, the temperature of the cold storage area in the heat preservation box is adjusted according to a set value through the convection heat exchange of the cold storage plate arranged in the cold storage area, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the temperature of the refrigerating area reaches T1, starting a fan to accelerate the convection heat exchange of the cold storage area so as to adjust the temperature of the refrigerating area; when the temperature of the refrigerating area reaches T2, the fan is turned off, and T1 is more than T2.
The invention has the following technical characteristics:
according to the invention, the temperature change condition in the box is obtained by arranging the multi-path temperature sensor in the heat preservation box, the heat exchange speed of the goods and the air is calculated according to the change of the temperature of the air based on the heat exchange characteristics of the goods and the air, the temperature of the goods is further obtained, the heat load of the heat preservation transport box is corrected, the cold accumulation amount of the cold accumulation agent is combined with the use condition, and the safe heat preservation period of the transport task is finally calculated. The invention realizes the online prediction of the thermal insulation period of the cold-storage thermal insulation transport case, can ensure the cargo transport quality and promotes the popularization and application of the cold-storage thermal insulation transport case.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention when transporting a plurality of batches of goods;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional top view of the incubator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the incubator;
the reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 1 cold storage area, 2 box, 3 fans, 4 return air ducts, 5 cold storage plates, 6 cold storage areas, 7 equipment areas, 8 temperature sensors and 9 cargoes.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a prediction method of an insulation period of an insulation box, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the insulation box has a structure shown in fig. 2 and 3 and comprises a box body 2 made of an insulation material.
The cold accumulation area 6 and the cold accumulation area 1 are two mutually independent areas in the box body 2, and as shown in fig. 2, the two rectangular areas at the upper side and the lower side in the box body 2 are the cold accumulation area 1 and the cold accumulation area 6 respectively, and the two areas are also separated by a composite heat insulation board. The cold accumulation plate 5 is detachably arranged in the cold accumulation area 6, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a box door is arranged on the box body 2, and after the box door is opened, goods 9 needing refrigeration can be placed in the cold accumulation area 1, or the cold accumulation plate 5 is installed and replaced. The guide rail is arranged at the inner bottom of the cold accumulation zone 6, and the cold accumulation plate 5 can be pushed on the guide rail when the cold accumulation plate 5 is placed, so that the placement of the cold accumulation plate 5 is more convenient.
In the scheme, the cold accumulation area 6 and the cold accumulation area 1 are connected through the air return duct 4, and as shown in fig. 2, the air return duct 4 is arranged on the top surface in the box body 2. In order to conveniently regulate the temperature of the refrigerating area 1, the fans 3 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the air return duct 4, and the air convection between the cold storage area 6 and the refrigerating area 1 is accelerated by starting the fans 3 so as to achieve the aim of regulating the temperature.
In order to facilitate temperature regulation and residual cold prediction, in the scheme, a cold accumulation area 6 and a cold accumulation area 1 in the heat preservation box and a temperature sensor 8 connected with a controller are arranged outside the heat preservation box. Wherein, a plurality of temperature sensors 8 are arranged outside the cold storage area 6, the cold storage area 1 and the thermal insulation box, for example, three temperature sensors 8 are arranged at different positions of the cold storage area 6 in the embodiment, and four temperature sensors 8 are arranged at different positions of the cold storage area 1. In the temperature acquisition, for a current temperature of a certain area, for example, a current temperature of the refrigerating area 1, temperature values acquired by a plurality of temperature sensors 8 disposed on an inner wall of the refrigerating area 1 are averaged to obtain a more accurate temperature value of the area.
As shown in fig. 3, the incubator is further provided with an equipment area 7 for placing electric control equipment, where the equipment area 7 is located at a corner of the case 2 in this embodiment. The electric control equipment comprises a controller, the fan 3 is connected to the controller, and the opening or closing of the fan 3 is controlled by the controller; the controller may be, for example, a single-chip microcomputer, a PLC controller, or the like. A man-machine interaction interface connected with the controller is arranged on the outer wall of the heat preservation box, wherein the man-machine interaction interface comprises a display screen and a keyboard, and the display screen displays environment information in the box body 2, such as the current temperature in the cold storage area 6 and the cold storage area 1 and the effective heat preservation period of the goods 9; the temperature of the refrigerating area 1 can be set through a keyboard, or the fan 3 can be controlled through a controller, and the like.
According to the prediction method of the insulation period of the insulation box, the temperature change condition in the box is obtained by arranging the multi-channel temperature sensor 8 in the insulation box, the heat exchange speed of the goods 9 and the air is calculated according to the change of the air temperature based on the heat exchange characteristics of the goods 9 and the air, the temperature of the goods 9 is further obtained, the heat load of the insulation transportation box is corrected, the cold accumulation amount of the cold accumulation agent is combined, and the safe insulation period of the transportation task is finally calculated. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
in the scheme, after the goods 9 are placed in the thermal insulation box, the physical parameters of the goods 9, including the volume, specific heat capacity, density and the like of the goods 9, are stored in the controller through a human-computer interaction interface. In addition, the controller also stores related physical parameters such as the structural size, the material quality and the like of the insulation box, related physical parameters of the cold accumulation agent, the cold accumulation plate 5 and the initial total amount of the cold accumulation agent. In the scheme, the cold accumulation plate 5 is a rectangular plate, and is filled with a cold accumulation agent, and the cold accumulation agent adopts a phase change cold accumulation agent and has two states of solid and liquid; the heat is absorbed in the state conversion process of the cold storage agent from solid to liquid, so that the refrigeration purpose is achieved.
specifically, in this embodiment, the controller automatically adjusts the temperature of the refrigerating area 1 containing the goods 9 according to the set value: when the temperature of the refrigerating area 1 reaches T1, the fan 3 is started to accelerate the convection heat exchange of the cold accumulation cavity so as to regulate the temperature of the refrigerating area 1; when the temperature of the cooling zone 1 reaches T2, the blower 3 is turned off. Typically, T1 takes a value of 8℃and T2 takes a value of 2 ℃; these two values can be adjusted as desired.
And 3, establishing a heat exchange coupling model of the refrigerating area 1 within a preset temperature range, calculating the temperature of the goods 9, and calculating the effective heat preservation period of the goods 9 through the total heat load generated in unit time of the heat preservation box and the residual cold of the solid cold storage agent in the cold storage plate 5.
In the scheme, the predetermined temperature range is that after temperature adjustment, when the temperature of the refrigerating area 1 is 2-8 ℃, a heat exchange coupling model is established:
wherein c a ,ρ a Respectively representing the specific heat capacity and the density of air in the cold storage zone 6, c i ,ρ i Respectively representing the specific heat capacity and density, V, of the goods 9 in the refrigerating area 1 a ,V i Respectively the volume of air in the cold storage zone 6 and the volume of the goods 9, t a ,t b ,t i ,t w Respectively representing the air temperature of the cold storage area 1, the air temperature of the cold storage area 6, the temperature of the goods 9 and the temperature of the ambient air outside the incubator; τ represents time, K 1 ,K 2 The heat conductivity coefficients of the cold storage area 1 and the cold storage area 6 and the heat conductivity coefficients of the cold storage area 1 and the external environment are respectively shown; f (F) 1 ,F 2 The specific heat transfer surface areas of the cold storage area 1 and the cold storage area 6 and the specific heat transfer surface areas of the external environment and the cold storage area 1 are respectively shown; q (Q) h ,Q x Respectively, the heat of the cargo 9 is leaked by the outside air.
The total quantity Q of heat load generated in unit time of the incubator i Expressed as:
wherein K is 3 Representing the heat transfer coefficient between the cold storage area 6 and the external environment, F 3 The specific surface area of heat transfer between the cold storage area 6 and the external environment is shown, and the rest parameters are as shown in formula 1.
The effective heat preservation period T of the goods 9 is calculated by adopting the following formula:
wherein Q is z The initial total cold of the coolant in the coolant plate 5, i.e., the total cold of the coolant when it has just been charged and not yet melted; t (T) i-1 Representing the time of transportation of each batch of goods 9 (calculated by recording the time of placement of the goods 9 in step 1), n represents the total batch of goods 9 to be transported, i.e., the goods 9,i in the transportation and cooling zone 1 replaced several batches in total represent the type of goods 9 to be transported, Q k Indicating the heat transferred when the incubator opens the door.
In formula 3, when i takes a value of 1, i.e., during one transportation, only a lot of goods 9 are placed in the cold storage area 6, at this time Q i-1 、T i-1 Namely Q 0 、T 0 In this scheme, these two values are defined as 0.
If there are multiple batches of goods in a single transportation process, for example, when a first batch of goods is transported to a destination for unloading, and a second batch of goods is loaded, the effective incubation period of the goods needs to be recalculated, as shown in fig. 1.
Since the heat load generated per unit time in the incubator is different for each loaded batch of goods, the residual cooling capacity is used for transporting the second batch of goods after the first time of goods unloading, and therefore the cooling capacity consumed by the first batch of goods is needed. When calculating the effective heat preservation period of the second batch of goods, repeating the steps 1 to 3, namelyInputting physical parameters of the second batch of cargoes, calculating the temperature of the cargoes according to the formula 1 to be used as a basis for calculating the total heat load generated in the unit time of the heat preservation box according to the formula 2, and calculating the effective heat preservation period of the second batch of cargoes according to the formula 3, wherein the parameters used in the formula 3 are as follows: q (Q) i-1 ,T i-1 Namely, the total heat load and the transportation time of the first batch of cargoes are obtained in the calculation process of the effective heat preservation period of the first batch of cargoes; in the primary transportation process, the processes of the third batch of goods, the fourth batch of goods and the like are the same, and are not repeated.
And finally, displaying the effective heat preservation period T of the goods after each calculation on the man-machine interaction interface, so that the residual condition of the cold in the current heat preservation box can be known in real time, and the transportation quality of the goods can be ensured.
Claims (7)
1. The method for predicting the heat preservation period of the heat preservation box is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
placing goods (9) in a refrigerating area (1) of the heat preservation box, obtaining physical parameters of the goods (9), and recording the placing time of the goods (9);
the temperature of the refrigerating area (1) in the heat preservation box is adjusted according to a set value through convection heat exchange of a cold accumulation plate (5) arranged in the cold accumulation area (6);
in a preset temperature range, a heat exchange coupling model of a cold storage area (1) is established, the temperature of a goods (9) is calculated, and then the effective heat preservation period of the goods (9) is calculated through the total heat load generated in unit time of the heat preservation box and the residual cold quantity of the cold storage agent in the cold storage plate (5);
the heat exchange coupling model of the refrigerating area (1) is as follows:
wherein c a ,ρ a Respectively represents the specific heat capacity and the density of air in the cold storage area (6), c i ,ρ i Respectively represents the specific heat capacity and the density of the goods (9) in the cold storage area (1), V a ,V i Respectively represents the air volume in the cold storage area (6) and the volume of the goods (9), t a ,t b ,t i ,t w Respectively representing the air temperature of the cold storage area (1), the air temperature of the cold storage area (6), the temperature of the goods (9) and the external ambient air temperature of the incubator; τ represents time, K 1 ,K 2 Respectively representing the heat conduction coefficients of the cold storage area (1) and the cold storage area (6) and the heat conduction coefficients of the cold storage area (1) and the external environment; f (F) 1 ,F 2 Respectively representing the heat transfer specific surface areas of the cold storage area (1) and the cold storage area (6), and the heat transfer specific surface areas of the external environment and the cold storage area (1); q (Q) h ,Q x Respectively representing the heat of the breathing of the goods (9) and the heat of the leakage of the outside air;
the total quantity Q of heat load generated in unit time of the incubator i Expressed as:
wherein K is 3 Representing the heat transfer coefficient between the cold storage area (6) and the external environment, F 3 Representing the heat transfer specific surface area of the cold storage area (6) and the external environment;
the effective heat preservation period T of the goods (9) is calculated by adopting the following formula:
wherein Q is z Represents the initial total cold quantity, T, of the cold storage agent in the cold storage plate (5) i-1 Represents the transport time of each batch of goods (9), n represents the total batch of the goods (9) to be transported, i represents the batch of the goods (9) to be transported, Q k Indicating the heat transferred when the incubator opens the door.
2. The method for predicting the insulation period of the insulation can according to claim 1, wherein the insulation can comprises a box body (2) made of insulation materials, the cold accumulation area (6) and the cold accumulation area (1) are two mutually independent areas in the box body (2), and the method is characterized in that:
the cold accumulation plate (5) is detachably arranged in the cold accumulation area (6), and the cold accumulation area (6) and the cold accumulation area (1) are connected through the air return duct (4).
3. The method for predicting the insulation period of an insulation can according to claim 2, wherein the insulation material is a composite insulation board composed of a vacuum insulation board and a polyurethane board.
4. The method for predicting the heat preservation period of the incubator according to claim 2, wherein fans (3) are respectively arranged at two ends of the air return duct (4), and the air convection between the cold storage area (6) and the cold storage area (1) is accelerated by starting the fans (3) so as to achieve the purpose of temperature regulation.
5. The method for predicting the heat preservation period of the heat preservation box according to claim 4, wherein the heat preservation box is further internally provided with a device area (7) for placing electric control devices, the electric control devices comprise a controller, the fan (3) is connected to the controller, and a man-machine interaction interface connected with the controller is arranged on the outer wall of the heat preservation box.
6. The method for predicting the heat preservation period of the heat preservation box according to claim 1, wherein the cold storage area (6), the cold storage area (1) and the heat preservation box are respectively provided with a temperature sensor (8).
7. The method for predicting the thermal insulation period of the thermal insulation box according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the refrigerating area (1) in the thermal insulation box is adjusted according to a set value through the convection heat exchange of the cold accumulation plate (5) arranged in the cold accumulation area (6), and the method comprises the following steps:
when the temperature of the refrigerating area 1 reaches T1, a fan (3) is started to accelerate the heat convection of the cold storage area (6) so as to regulate the temperature of the refrigerating area (1); when the temperature of the refrigerating area (1) reaches T2, the fan (3) is turned off, and T1 is more than T2.
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| CN112648785A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-13 | 中车石家庄车辆有限公司 | Method and device for determining released cold quantity and computer equipment |
| CN112648788A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-13 | 中车石家庄车辆有限公司 | Method and device for determining cooling capacity per unit time and computer equipment |
| CN111907936B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-07-29 | 松冷（武汉）科技有限公司 | Insulation can and method for realizing intelligent visualization of temperature and time |
| CN113759996B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2022-07-29 | 上海原能细胞生物低温设备有限公司 | Sample temperature monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114923299A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-08-19 | 华南农业大学 | Cold storage distribution box based on liquid nitrogen filling and control method thereof |
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| JP2000304407A (en) * | 1999-04-22 | 2000-11-02 | Sanden Corp | Cold storage type cold insulating container |
| CN1188326C (en) * | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-09 | 清华大学 | Temp management method for cold-keeping transportation |
| CN100529756C (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2009-08-19 | 上海理工大学 | Determining method and device for residual shelf-date of dairy product in refrigeration chain circulation |
| JP2009079780A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-16 | Daiwa Industries Ltd | Insulated storage |
| CN104330539A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-04 | 浙江大学 | Chilled fresh pork shelf life span forecasting method based on internet of things architecture |
| US20160131605A1 (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2016-05-12 | Thermo King Corporation | Method and system for predicting remaining useful life of transport units |
| CN105644297A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-08 | 南京久鼎制冷空调设备有限公司 | Cold-chargeable type vehicle-mounted refrigerating box |
| CN108803747A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 中车石家庄车辆有限公司 | A kind of control system for heat insulation transportation chain |
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