CN109849723B - Electric vehicle ordered charging control method based on charging station power margin - Google Patents

Electric vehicle ordered charging control method based on charging station power margin Download PDF

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CN109849723B
CN109849723B CN201910125881.2A CN201910125881A CN109849723B CN 109849723 B CN109849723 B CN 109849723B CN 201910125881 A CN201910125881 A CN 201910125881A CN 109849723 B CN109849723 B CN 109849723B
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charging
power
electric
charging station
electric vehicle
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CN109849723A (en
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赵剑锋
龚莉莉
曹武
刘康礼
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Southeast University
Liyang Research Institute of Southeast University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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Abstract

The invention discloses an electric vehicle ordered charging control method based on a charging station power margin. The ordered charging control method provided by the invention fully utilizes the power distribution capacity of the charging station, has high charging efficiency, is convenient to execute, simultaneously considers the requirements and benefits of electric vehicle users, and is beneficial to improving the participation degree of ordered charging.

Description

Electric vehicle ordered charging control method based on charging station power margin
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging control, in particular to an electric vehicle ordered charging control method based on a charging station power margin.
Background
The great popularity of electric vehicles has promoted the rapid construction of charging facilities. In consideration of the utilization rate and convenience of charging facilities, most of charging piles are installed in residential areas or parking lots, and the transformer capacity in the area is occupied. When the number of charging piles in a power distribution area is large, the charging power of the electric automobile possibly influences the operation of the transformer, and the rated capacity of the transformer needs to be taken into consideration to ensure that the transformer normally supplies power to the power distribution area.
The current ordered charging control method mainly focuses on demand response of a user side, and guides the electric automobile to be charged in order through a price mechanism such as 'peak-valley price' and the like. However, the existing electricity price mechanism is single, cannot meet various requirements of electric vehicle users, and simply responds to the low-ebb electricity price, a new load peak can be formed, and the safe operation of the power distribution network is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems, the invention provides an electric vehicle ordered charging control method based on the power margin of a charging station.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the ordered charging control method of the electric vehicle charging station based on the charging priority comprises the following technical steps:
(1) acquiring a conventional load curve under a transformer of a charging station, and calculating a charging power margin of the charging station at each moment according to the rated capacity of the transformer;
(2) acquiring the capacity of the electric automobile, the charge state when the electric automobile is in the station, the expected charging time and other information, and calculating the average charging power of the electric automobile;
(3) recording the charging state of the electric vehicles in the charging station, and calculating the sum of average charging power of all the electric vehicles;
(4) judging whether the power of the charging station is out of limit or not, if so, carrying out graded charging on the electric vehicles in the charging station, and otherwise, normally charging all the electric vehicles;
(5) a time-of-use electricity price mechanism is introduced, and the charging cost of the electric automobile is calculated;
(6) and solving by using a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal charging plan by taking the minimum charging cost of the electric automobile as a target.
Wherein, the power margin calculation formula in the step (1) is as follows:
Pmar(t)＝Prate-Pload(t)
wherein, Pmar(t) power margin of charging station at time t, PrateFor rating the transformer for active power, Pload(t) is the normal load under the transformer during the t-th period.
In the step (2), the average charging power calculation formula of the electric vehicle is as follows:
Pav(i)＝B(1-soc0(i))/tch(i)
wherein, Pav(i) Is the average charging power of the ith electric vehicle, B is the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, soc0(i) Is the initial state of charge at the inbound time of the ith electric vehicle, tch(i) The predicted charging time of the ith electric vehicle.
In the step (3), the sum of the average powers is calculated by the formula:
Pava(t)＝∑Pav(i)Si,t
wherein, Pava(t) represents the average power sum of all electric vehicles in the t-th time period, Si,tIndicating the charging status of the ith electric vehicle over the t-th time period, Si,t1 denotes charging, S i,t0 means no charging.
In the step (4), the condition for judging whether the power is out of limit is as follows: the average charging power sum of the electric vehicles in the charging station is larger than the power margin of the charging station.
In the step (4), the specific process of charging the electric automobile in stages is as follows: sequencing the expected charging time of the electric automobiles from top to bottom, arranging the electric automobiles with the charging time of the first 30 percent to charge slowly, wherein the charging power is P2The rest 70 percent of the electric automobiles are normally charged with the charging power of P1。
The working principle is as follows: according to the method, the charging power margin of the charging station is obtained according to the rated capacity of the transformer in the charging station and a conventional load curve, different charging grades are set by the charging station according to the power margin, a time-of-use electricity price mechanism is introduced, the charging cost of the electric automobile is calculated, the average charging cost is the minimum, and an optimal charging plan is obtained through a genetic algorithm.
Has the advantages that: the electric vehicle ordered charging control method based on the charging station power margin fully utilizes the power distribution capacity of the charging station, has high charging efficiency, is convenient to execute, and ensures the normal operation of the distribution transformer. Meanwhile, the benefit of an electric vehicle user is considered, the average charging cost is used as a control target, and a genetic algorithm is used for solving to obtain an optimal charging plan. The ordered charging control method is simple in solving process, effectively meets the requirements of electric vehicle users and charging stations, and is beneficial to improving the participation degree of ordered charging.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an electric vehicle orderly charging control method based on a charging station power margin according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of simulation results of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a charging station power margin-based ordered charging control method for an electric vehicle includes the following steps:
(1) acquiring a conventional load curve under a transformer of a charging station, and calculating a charging power margin of the charging station at each moment according to the rated capacity of the transformer, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Pmar(t)＝Prate-Pload(t) (1)
wherein, Pmar(t) power margin of charging station at time t, PrateFor rating the transformer for active power, Pload(t) is the normal load under the transformer during the t-th period.
For the purpose of analysis and matching with conventional load data, a day is divided into 96 periods, each 15min apart, and t is 1,2, 96.
(2) The method comprises the following steps of obtaining the battery capacity of the electric automobile, recording the charge state of the vehicle when the vehicle enters the station and the information such as the estimated charging time by using a measuring device on a charging pile, and calculating the average charging power of the electric automobile, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Pav(i)＝B(1-soc0(i))/tch(i) (2)
wherein, Pav(i) Is the average charging power of the ith electric vehicle, B is the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, soc0(i) Is the ith electric automobileInitial state of charge at inbound, tch(i) The predicted charging time of the ith electric vehicle.
(3) Recording the charging state of the electric vehicles in the charging station, and calculating the sum of the average charging power of all the electric vehicles, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Pava(t)＝∑Pav(i)Si,t (3)
wherein, Pava(t) represents the average charging power sum of all electric vehicles in the t-th time period, Si,tIndicating the charging status of the ith electric vehicle over the t-th time period, Si,t1 denotes charging, S i,t0 means no charging.
(4) Judging whether the power of the charging station is out of limit or not, if the average charging power sum of the electric vehicles in the charging station is larger than the power margin of the charging station, carrying out graded charging on the electric vehicles in the charging station, and if not, normally charging all the electric vehicles;
wherein, the specific process that electric automobile carries out hierarchical charging does: sequencing the expected charging time of the electric automobiles from top to bottom, arranging the electric automobiles with the charging time of the first 30 percent to charge slowly, wherein the charging power is P2The rest 70 percent of the electric automobiles are normally charged with the charging power of P1。
(5) A 'peak-valley-flat' three-stage time-of-use electricity price mechanism is introduced to calculate the charging cost of the electric automobile, and the formula is as follows:
Cpay＝Cpea+Cval+Cord (4)
wherein, CpeaRepresents the charging cost of the electric vehicle in the peak period, CvalRepresents the charging cost of the electric vehicle in the off-peak period, CordRepresents the charging cost of the electric vehicle in the ordinary period.
(6) And (4) solving by using the minimum charging cost of the electric automobile as an objective function and utilizing a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal charging plan.
The following lists cases for user-level ordered charging policy verification analysis. The specific parameters are as follows: the capacity of a lithium battery of the electric automobile is 36kWh, the rated charging power of the charging pile is 7kW, the charging efficiency is 90%, and the number of the electric automobiles is 20. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out ordered charging optimization by taking the charging cost of a user as a target function, and setting the following scenes: 1) the charging method comprises the following steps that in a first scenario, an electric automobile is charged disorderly, in a second scenario, no guiding measure is taken by a charging station, the electric automobile is charged orderly, and in the first scenario, a time-of-use electricity price mechanism is introduced into the charging station for guiding. As shown in fig. 2, in the disordered charging mode, the maximum load in the charging station is 1.13 times of the transformer capacity, because a large number of electric vehicles are intensively charged in the evening and overlap with the original load peak of the power grid at night, which aggravates the system peak-valley difference. After the ordered charging control strategy is introduced, the total load of the whole charging station is within the capacity of the transformer, and the boundary crossing does not occur, so that the stable operation of the charging station is ensured. Meanwhile, the effect of the electric automobile user on responding to the valley time-of-use electricity price is obvious, and the fact that the ordered charging participation of the user is high is shown.

Claims (2)

1. An electric vehicle ordered charging control method based on a charging station power margin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) acquiring a conventional load curve of a charging station transformer, and calculating the power margin of the charging station at each moment according to the rated capacity of the transformer; the power margin calculation formula is as follows:
Pmar(t)＝Prate-Pload(t)
wherein, Pmar(t) power margin of charging station at time t, PrateFor rating the transformer for active power, Pload(t) is the normal load of the transformer during the t-th period;
(2) acquiring the capacity of the electric automobile, the charge state at the time of entering and the predicted charging time length information, and calculating the average charging power of the electric automobile; the average charging power calculation formula of the electric automobile is as follows:
Pav(i)＝B(1-soc0(i))/tch(i)
wherein, Pav(i) Is the average charging power of the ith electric vehicle, B is the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, soc0(i) Is the ith vehicle electricInitial state of charge at vehicle entry, tch(i) The estimated charging time of the ith electric automobile;
(3) recording the charging state of the electric vehicles in the charging station, and calculating the sum of average charging power of all the electric vehicles; the average charging power sum calculation formula is as follows:
Pava(t)＝∑Pav(i)Si,t
wherein, Pava(t) represents the average charging power sum of all electric vehicles in the t-th time period, Si,tIndicating the charging status of the ith electric vehicle over the t-th time period, Si,t1 denotes charging, Si,t0 means no charging;
(4) judging whether the power of the charging station exceeds the limit or not, wherein the judgment condition is as follows: the average charging power sum of the electric vehicles in the charging station is larger than the power margin of the charging station; if yes, the electric vehicles in the charging station are charged in a grading mode, otherwise, all the electric vehicles are charged normally;
(5) a time-of-use electricity price mechanism is introduced, and the charging cost of the electric automobile is calculated;
(6) and solving by using a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal charging plan by taking the minimum charging cost of the electric automobile as a target.
2. The ordered charging control method for the electric vehicle based on the power margin of the charging station as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the specific process of charging the electric vehicle in a grading manner is as follows: sequencing the expected charging time of the electric automobiles from top to bottom, arranging the electric automobiles with the charging time of the first 30 percent to charge slowly, wherein the charging power in the slow charging process is P2The rest 70 percent of the electric automobiles are normally charged, and the charging power during normal charging is P1。
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CN111210168A (en) * 2020-02-21 2020-05-29 厦门市兆泰云智能科技有限公司 Intelligent distribution management method for power load
CN111422094B (en) * 2020-03-11 2023-05-02 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 Charging and discharging coordination optimization control method for distributed charging pile
CN111262276B (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-10-09 深圳市永联科技股份有限公司 Intelligent orderly charging system for alternating-current piles and method for realizing intelligent orderly charging system by using series networking
CN111703324B (en) * 2020-06-08 2022-04-26 易事特集团股份有限公司 Power distribution method
CN111799861B (en) * 2020-07-13 2021-11-16 长沙优力电驱动系统有限公司 Regional charge control method, device and equipment
CN114407716A (en) * 2022-02-08 2022-04-29 广东省万谷能源技术有限公司 Automatic management system and method for electric vehicle charging

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