CN109848877B - Processing technology of ceramic tile grinding tool with iron bottom - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a take ceramic tile grinding apparatus's at bottom of iron production technology, take the ceramic tile grinding apparatus at bottom of the iron to adopt the sintering bistrique and utilize screw rod nut locking bistrique to the metal dish, sinter grinding teeth (1) and screw rod (11) and iron end (12) together, then utilize the nut locking with the bistrique after the sintering, no longer adopt the production technology of welding grinding teeth, the ceramic tile grinding apparatus of utilizing this technology to produce, it is high to have grinding teeth joint strength, be difficult to the tooth that takes off, the grinding teeth distributes evenly, the atress is even during the system of grinding, the mill vibrations are little, do not use expensive silver-zinc soldering lug, the cost is saved, do not adopt the pickling, the washing, dry these consuming time, the production technology who has harm to human health again, the overwelding phenomenon.

Description

Processing technology of ceramic tile grinding tool with iron bottom

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a processing technology of a polishing product, and particularly relates to a production technology of a ceramic tile grinding tool.

Background

At present, in the grinding of ceramic tiles, a grinding tool as shown in fig. 1 is adopted in the coarse grinding process, in fig. 1, the size of a half grinding tooth 3 is obviously smaller than that of a grinding tooth 1, a gap is arranged between the grinding tooth 1 and between the half grinding tooth 3 and the grinding tooth 1, the gap between the half grinding tooth 3 and the grinding tooth 1 shown in fig. 1 is not equal to the gap distance between the grinding tooth 1 and the grinding tooth 1, and in an actual product, the gap distance between the grinding tooth 1 and the grinding tooth 1 is also not equal, so that the phenomenon occurs, which is related to a sintering process and a welding process, and the manufacturing process is as follows:

1. grinding and sintering manufacture: the grinding and sintering manufacture comprises the following steps;

1) weighing the prepared powder, and preparing the ingredients according to the weight;

2) stirring, namely uniformly stirring the powder by using a stirrer;

3) weighing and pressing, namely weighing the stirred powder and pressing by using a press;

4) sintering by a sintering machine, wherein a graphite grinding tool is used for sintering,

2, the metal disc is processed by adopting a mechanical processing method, and the processing of the metal disc is common knowledge and is not detailed,

3, welding:

1) grinding, namely grinding the metal disc by using sand paper or a sand grinder, and only grinding an area needing to be welded on the metal disc;

2) acid washing, namely washing the ground area by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid or acid washing liquid;

3) after the water washing, the blow-drying and the acid washing are finished, washing the residual acid liquor with water, and blow-drying;

4) the silver-zinc soldering lug is soaked by using the auxiliary welding ointment, and the step and the previous steps are not in sequence;

5) sticking a silver-zinc soldering lug, fishing out the silver-zinc soldering lug, and sticking the silver-zinc soldering lug to a region to be welded of the metal plate;

6) sanding and grinding teeth, wherein only a welding surface is ground, one person is used for sanding and the other person is used for welding, or one person is used for operating, and then one part of the grinding teeth are sanded and then welded;

7) welding the grinding teeth and the half grinding teeth, heating the grinding teeth when the last grinding tooth is welded, and then removing redundant parts by using vice pliers.

The analysis was as follows: the dimension difference of the grinding teeth is that the grinding teeth are sintered by a metal sintering machine, the formula alloy powder is uniformly stirred, pressed and formed by a press machine, and then sintered by a graphite die, the size of the step from the grinding teeth to the press machine is standard, however, the sintering is carried out by adopting high-temperature and high-pressure sintering, the sintering temperature is usually 750-800 ℃, the pressure is Nx 1000000Pa, the N is between 5 and 20, namely, the pressure during sintering is between 5 and 20 atmospheric pressure, the size of the grinding teeth formed by sintering is not standard,

and during welding, because the clearance between the grinding tooth 1 and the grinding tooth 1 is limited, the last grinding tooth is often reached, the size cannot be controlled, the grinding tooth can be heated only according to the residual size, redundant parts are removed by using vice pliers, and then welding is carried out, and attention needs to be paid to that a clearance needs to be reserved between the grinding tooth and the grinding tooth, but the clearance has the size limitation, and the clearance is limited between 1mm and 3mm, because the clearance is reserved manually and is not very standard, and a welding area of each grinding tooth is manufactured through a machine, and during re-welding, because the size of the grinding tooth is not standard, the clearance cannot meet the requirement, and the re-welding is difficult to implement.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem is that the prior art has the following problems:

1. the silver-zinc soldering lug is expensive, the welding process is complex, insufficient operation of any link of washing, pickling and welding can generate insufficient soldering and over-welding, and the grinding teeth of the insufficient soldering are easy to fall off during use, so that the ceramic tile can be damaged, other grinding teeth can be broken or parts of a grinder can be damaged, and the service life of the grinding teeth of the over-welding is short;

2. the size of the grinding teeth is difficult to achieve the standard, but the improvement of the size condition of the grinding teeth is limited by the technological condition of a sintering machine, the size standard of the grinding teeth is improved by grinding or precision casting, and the cost is high;

3. the semi-grinding phenomenon is difficult to change, and the existing process conditions cannot avoid the semi-grinding phenomenon;

4. the gear grinding size is nonstandard, and the gear grinding clearance is also inequality, has the tremble when leading to the product rotation, influences the ceramic tile quality of grinding, increases the degree of difficulty of the follow-up polishing of ceramic tile:

5. when the grinding teeth are welded and taken down, a welding gun generates a large amount of toxic smoke, which is harmful to the health of workers, latex gloves are needed during acid cleaning, the cost is not needed, and hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are also harmful to the health of workers.

The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a take ceramic tile grinding apparatus at bottom of iron, comprises bistrique, metal disc 2 and nut 4, characterized by:

the grinding head comprises a screw rod 11, an iron bottom 12, grinding teeth 1, an iron sheet 13 and a gap position 123;

the metal disc 2 comprises a screw hole 21, a limiting edge 22, a recessed position 23, a threaded hole 24, a central hole 25 and a recessed position 26;

the screw 11 is inserted into the screw hole 21, and the screw 11 is locked by the nut 4, so that the grinding head is locked on the metal disc 2;

the iron bottom 12 is a fan-shaped flat plate, the thickness of the iron bottom is more than or equal to 3mm, the diameter of a circle where a fan-shaped inner arc is located = the diameter of an inner circle of the recessed position 23, the diameter of a circle where a fan-shaped outer arc is located = the outer diameter of the metal disc 2, the iron bottom 12 is provided with threaded holes 121 and recessed positions 122, the number of the threaded holes 121 is more than or equal to 2, the threaded holes 121 are used for penetrating the screw rods 11, and the screw rods 11 are full threads; the width of the concave position 122 is the same as that of the limiting edge 22, the depth of the concave position 122 is the same as that of the limiting edge 22, and the concave position 122 is matched with the limiting edge 22 and the concave position 23 to limit the installation position of the iron bottom;

the grinding teeth 1 are sector blocks, the thickness of the grinding teeth is more than or equal to 10mm, the diameter of a circle where a sector inner arc is located = the diameter of an inner circle of the concave position 23, the diameter of a circle where a sector outer arc is located = the outer diameter of the metal disc 2, N blocks are distributed on the iron bottom 12 of the grinding teeth 1, and N is more than or equal to 2;

an iron sheet 13 is arranged between the grinding teeth 1 and the grinding teeth 1, the thickness of the iron sheet 13 is 1-3 mm, and the thicknesses of the iron sheets are the same;

the width of the gap position 123 is 1-3 mm;

the screw holes 21 are composed of N groups, N is more than or equal to 2, the positions and the number of the screw holes 21 correspond to those of the threaded holes 121 of the iron bottom 12, the screw holes 21 are arranged in a circumferential array, and the arrangement circle of the circumferential array is the excircle of the metal disc 2;

the depth of the recessed position 23 = the height of the limiting edge 22, and the width of the recessed position 23 = the width of the iron bottom 12-the width of the recessed position 122;

the threaded holes 24 are composed of N, N is more than or equal to 2, the threaded holes 24 are arranged in a circumferential array, and the arrangement circle of the circumferential array is the excircle of the metal disc 2;

the central hole 25 is a through hole in the center of the metal disc;

the depth of the concave position 26 is 2-4 mm, and the concave position 26 is a reference when the tile grinding tool is installed on the grinding machine.

The production process of the ceramic tile grinding tool with the iron bottom adopts a sintering grinding head and locks the grinding head to a metal disc 2 by utilizing a screw rod 11 and a screw cap 4, and is characterized in that:

the production process comprises the following steps:

1) machining an iron bottom 12 by using a machining method, and reserving a metal disc 2 and a screw cap 4 for later use;

2) weighing, proportioning and stirring the alloy abrasive powder;

3) the screw rod 11 penetrates into the threaded hole 121 of the iron bottom 12 and is locked, and the first 3 steps are not in sequence;

4) putting the iron bottom 12 and the screw rod 11 processed in the step 3 into a forming die 7;

5) placing the iron sheet 13 into the notch 72;

6) placing the alloy abrasive powder processed in the step 2 into a forming die 7, and leveling;

7) placing the sintering mould on a sintering machine for sintering or pressing alloy abrasive powder by utilizing a press machine and then sintering;

8) after cooling, the grinding head is pressed out of the sintering die by a press machine, the bottom edge of the forming die 7 is removed, and pressing is finished by using a press-out die 8 as a lower die;

9) putting the screw rod 11 into the screw rod hole 21, and locking the grinding head by using a screw cap;

10) after the grinding head cannot be used continuously, unscrewing the screw cap 4, taking down the old grinding head, putting the screw rod 11 of the new grinding head into the screw rod hole 21, and locking the grinding head by using the screw cap;

the sintering mould consists of a forming mould 7, a gray cast iron mould 6, an alloy steel mould 5 and a bottom mould 9,

the forming die 7 comprises a screw hole 71 and a notch 72, the forming die 7 is the innermost die, the inner side of the forming die 7 is a cavity, the shape of the cavity is the shape of a grinding head, the notch 72 in the cavity is used for placing an iron sheet 13, alloy grinding powder is placed in the cavity, the shape of the grinding head is determined by the cavity, the forming die 7 is made of graphite, the forming die 7 is provided with a bottom edge, the thickness of the bottom edge is 3-7 mm, the screw hole 71 is formed in the bottom edge and used for penetrating through a screw 11, the wall of the forming die 7 is 3-7 mm, the gray cast iron die 6 is arranged outside the forming die 7, the outer side of the gray cast iron die 6 is provided with an alloy steel die 5, the alloy steel die is made of high-temperature-resistant alloy steel, the bottom die is made of graphite;

the pressing-out die is a die for taking the grinding head out of the sintering die, the pressing-out die is a lower die of a press, a pressing-out opening of the pressing-out die is fan-shaped, the fan-shaped pressing-out opening is 1-2 mm wider than inner and outer circular arcs of the iron bottom, and the depth of the pressing-out opening is larger than the height of the grinding head.

Has the advantages that: the ceramic tile grinding apparatus with the iron bottom replaces a welding process by a screw and nut screwing process, has high grinding tooth connection strength, is not easy to be out of tooth, is even in grinding tooth distribution, is even in stress during grinding, is small in grinding machine vibration, does not use expensive silver-zinc soldering lugs, saves cost, does not adopt pickling, washing and airing time-consuming, is a production process harmful to human health, avoids the over-welding phenomenon, and the over-welding means that the welding temperature exceeds the bearing temperature of the grinding teeth, so that the grinding tooth metal structure is changed, the strength is low, and the phenomenon is not wear-resistant.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a prior art grinding tool welded with silver-zinc soldering flakes;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of a ceramic tile grinding tool with an iron bottom;

FIG. 3 is a back structural view of a tile grinding tool with an iron bottom;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a ferrous base structure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the grinding head structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of a metal disc;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the backside structure of a metal disk;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of an alloy steel mold, a gray cast iron mold and a graphite mold;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a press-out die configuration;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the bottom mold structure.

Detailed Description

The applicant has described a tile grinding tool with an iron bottom and a process for its production with reference to the accompanying drawings,

in the drawing, 1 is a grinding tooth, 2 is a metal disc, 3 is a half grinding tooth, 4 is a nut, 121 is a threaded hole, 122 is a recessed position, 11 is a screw, 12 is an iron bottom, 13 is an iron sheet, 123 is a clearance position, 21 is a screw hole, 22 is a limit edge, 23 is a recessed position, 24 is a threaded hole, 25 is a center hole, 26 is a recessed position, 5 is an alloy steel die, 6 is a gray cast iron die, 7 is a forming die, 71 is a screw hole, 72 is a notch, 8 is an extrusion die, 81 is an extrusion port, 9 is a bottom die, and 91 is a screw hole.

The applicant lists the existing ceramic tile grinding tool, so as to facilitate understanding of the design idea of the application, the attached drawing 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the existing ceramic tile grinding tool, 1 is a grinding tooth, 2 is a metal disc, the edge of the front side of the metal disc is provided with a concave position with the depth of 2-3 mm, the width of the grinding tooth is the width of the grinding tooth, and a grinding tooth installation reference edge is arranged, so that the excircle of the grinding tooth is approximately coincided with the excircle of the metal disc after welding, the edge of the back side of the metal disc is provided with a concave position with the depth of 2-3 mm, the reference surface is formed by installing the metal disc on a grinding machine, the structure of the metal disc is the same as that of the concave position shown in the attached drawing 6 and.

The ceramic tile grinding tool with the iron bottom consists of a grinding head, a metal disc and a screw cap, wherein the metal disc is manufactured by adopting a machining method, compared with the existing metal disc, only a screw hole 21 and a limiting edge 22 are added, the screw hole 21 and the limiting edge 22 can be manufactured by utilizing the machining method, namely, the ceramic tile grinding tool with the iron bottom is compatible with the existing metal disc, which is beneficial to saving materials, the screw hole is drilled on the existing metal disc, the concave position is turned, the part left at the edge is not turned, namely the limiting edge,

the machining of nuts is common knowledge and will not be described in detail.

The grinding head consists of four parts, namely a screw rod 11, an iron bottom 12, grinding teeth 1 and an iron sheet 13, wherein the iron bottom and the screw rod are manufactured by adopting a mechanical processing method, after the processing is finished, the iron bottom is provided with a threaded hole 121, the screw rod 11 is locked into the threaded hole 121, attention needs to be paid, the threaded hole is adopted for locking, a reference surface of the screw rod is tightly attached to a reference surface of the iron bottom, the angle between the screw rod and the reference surface of the iron bottom is ensured to be 90 degrees, and the screw rod is not loosened so as to avoid subsequent poor processing, therefore, the screw rod needs full threads, the screw rod is locked into the iron bottom, a graphite mold is placed into the iron bottom, the iron sheet is placed into a notch, then alloy powder which is uniformly stirred is placed into the notch, the graphite mold is heated by utilizing a press machine or directly enters a sintering machine for sintering, a gap position 123 on the iron bottom is placed into the graphite, forming a gap bit.

After sintering, cooling, pressing out the grinding head by a press machine after cooling,

and (3) inserting the screw rod 11 into the screw rod hole 21, locking by using a screw cap to finish product assembly, loosening the screw cap when the product is ground to be unusable, taking out the grinding head, and installing a new grinding head.

The positions and the number of the threaded holes 121 of the iron bottom and the screw holes 21 of one grinding head mounting position correspond to each other, one metal disc is provided with N grinding head mounting positions, correspondingly, N grinding heads are mounted, N is more than or equal to 2, in the arrangement, all the grinding heads are arranged in a circumferential array, the circumferential array means that all the grinding heads are distributed at equal intervals on an array circle, the array circle means the excircle of the metal disc,

the iron bottom is a fan-shaped flat plate, the thickness of the iron bottom is more than or equal to 3mm, the diameter of a circle where a fan-shaped inner arc is located = the diameter of an inner circle of the concave position 25, the diameter of a circle where a fan-shaped outer arc is located = the outer diameter of the metal disc, the iron bottom is provided with a concave position of 0.5-1 mm, the concave position corresponds to the limit edge 22,

the grinding teeth are uniformly distributed on the iron bottom, the grinding teeth and the grinding teeth are separated by iron sheets, the thickness of the iron sheets is 1-2 mm, when a mould is designed, the appearance sizes of all the grinding teeth need to be consistent, the thicknesses of copper sheets or iron sheets need to be the same, the diameter of a circle where an inner arc of the grinding teeth is located = the diameter of an inner circle of the concave position 23, the diameter of a circle where an outer arc of the grinding teeth is located = the outer diameter of the metal disc,

the sintering mold of the grinding head comprises an alloy steel film, a grey cast iron mold, a forming mold and a bottom mold, wherein the forming mold is the innermost mold, the inner side of the forming mold is in the shape of the grinding head, the forming mold is made of graphite and is provided with a bottom edge, the thickness of the bottom edge is 3-7 mm, the forming mold is provided with a screw hole 71 for penetrating through a screw 11, so that the bottom edge and the bottom mold are separated, demolding is convenient, the screw is 45-55 mm long and is also used as the bottom mold, pressure of a press machine is huge during demolding, the thickness of the forming mold is too thick, only one-time use is realized, cost is higher, the mold wall of the forming mold is 3-7 mm, cost can be reduced, the grey cast iron mold is arranged outside the forming mold, the outermost side is provided with the alloy steel mold, the material of the alloy steel mold is high-temperature-resistant alloy steel, the material of the bottom, therefore, the screw rod cannot be bent during sintering, and after sintering, because the gray cast iron has the characteristic of thermal shrinkage and cold expansion, the product can be kept from deforming in the cooling process, but the gray cast iron is low in strength and easily causes damage to a mold under high temperature and high pressure, so that the outer side of the gray cast iron mold is made of high-temperature-resistant alloy steel to prevent the gray cast iron mold from being damaged, the forming mold of the grinding head is made of graphite, on one hand, the graphite can resist high temperature, on the other hand, the graphite is soft, and after cooling, the grinding head and the forming mold are easily separated by a.

The extrusion die is a die for taking the grinding head out of the sintering die, the extrusion die is a lower die of a press machine, an extrusion opening of the extrusion die is in a fan shape, and the fan shape is 1-2 mm wider than inner and outer arcs of an iron bottom, so that the extrusion die cannot be subjected to resistance of the die, the bottom edge of the forming die is separated from the forming die under the action of the press machine, then the grinding head is extruded, and the bottom edge is taken out of the grinding head, so that a finished grinding head is obtained.

Comparing the two processing technologies, the bonding strength of the iron bottom and the grinding head is much higher than the welding strength in the sintering technology, and the sintering technology has simple flow, has low technical requirements on workers, is more environment-friendly, does not generate toxic smoke during welding, does not use expensive silver-zinc soldering flakes, prolongs the service life of the metal disc, although the welding process is also repeated by using the metal disc, welding slag remains on the welding part after the grinding teeth are removed, the concave position needs to be turned by a lathe, therefore, the metal disc becomes thinner and thinner, the metal disc cannot be used to a certain extent, the processes of pickling, washing and airing are not as time-saving as the screw tightening process, about 80 grinding tools are welded in 8 hours by a skilled worker, in the case of the screw tightening process, approximately 150 nuts are tightened per one disc with 18 nuts.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a production technology of ceramic tile grinding apparatus at bottom of taking iron, the ceramic tile grinding apparatus at bottom of taking iron adopts sintering bistrique and utilizes screw rod nut locking bistrique to metal disc production technology, characterized by:

the production process comprises the following steps:

1) machining an iron bottom (12) by using a machining method, and reserving a metal disc (2) and a screw cap (4);

2) weighing, proportioning and stirring the alloy abrasive powder;

3) the screw rod (11) penetrates into a threaded hole (121) of the iron bottom (12) and is locked, and the first 3 steps are not in sequence;

4) putting the iron bottom (12) and the screw (11) processed in the step 3 into a forming die (7);

5) placing the iron sheet (13) into the notch (72);

6) placing the alloy abrasive powder processed in the step 2 into a forming die (7) and flattening;

7) placing the sintering mould on a sintering machine for sintering or pressing alloy abrasive powder by utilizing a press machine, and then sintering;

8) after cooling, the grinding head is pressed out of the sintering die by a press machine, the bottom edge of the forming die (7) is removed, and pressing is finished by using a pressing die (8) as a lower die;

9) putting the screw (11) into the screw hole (21), and locking the grinding head by using a screw cap;

10) and after the grinding head cannot be used continuously, unscrewing the screw cap (4), taking down the old grinding head, putting the screw rod (11) of the new grinding head into the screw rod hole (21), and locking the grinding head by using the screw cap.

2. A process for the production of a tile grinding tool with an iron base according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the sintering mould consists of a forming mould (7), a gray cast iron mould (6), an alloy steel mould (5) and a bottom mould (9),

the forming die (7) comprises a screw hole (71) and a notch (72), the forming die (7) is the innermost die, the inner side of the forming die (7) is a cavity, the shape of the cavity is the shape of a grinding head, the notch (72) in the cavity is used for placing an iron sheet (13), alloy grinding powder is placed in the cavity, the shape of the grinding head is determined by the cavity, the forming die (7) is made of graphite, the forming die (7) is provided with a bottom edge, the thickness of the bottom edge is 3-7 mm, the bottom edge is provided with a screw hole (71) used for penetrating through a screw rod (11), the die wall of the forming die (7) is 3-7 mm, the gray cast iron die (6) is arranged outside the forming die (7), the outer side of the gray cast iron die (6) is provided with an alloy steel die (5), the alloy steel die is made of high-temperature-resistant alloy steel, the bottom die is made of graphite, the screw hole (91) corresponding.

3. A process for the production of a tile grinding tool with an iron base according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the pressing-out die is a die for taking the grinding head out of the sintering die, the pressing-out die is a lower die of a press, a pressing-out opening of the pressing-out die is fan-shaped, the fan-shaped pressing-out opening is 1-2 mm wider than inner and outer circular arcs of the iron bottom, and the depth of the pressing-out opening is larger than the height of the grinding head.

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