CN109846529B - Femoral head guide needle positioner - Google Patents
Femoral head guide needle positioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN109846529B CN109846529B CN201910234592.6A CN201910234592A CN109846529B CN 109846529 B CN109846529 B CN 109846529B CN 201910234592 A CN201910234592 A CN 201910234592A CN 109846529 B CN109846529 B CN 109846529B
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- positioning
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 31
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010028851 Necrosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002436 femur neck Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000527 greater trochanter Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000007875 Femur Head Necrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036770 blood supply Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008407 joint function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000034133 primary 1 avascular necrosis of femoral head Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides a femoral head guide pin positioner, wherein a penetrating part is connected with a base through a first rotating joint, and the rotating axis of the first rotating joint is different from the axis of a positioning pin; the rotating axis of the first rotating joint is perpendicular to the penetrating axis of the penetrating part, the penetrating axis of the penetrating part is not coincident with the axis of the positioning needle, so that the angle of the penetrating axis of the penetrating part relative to the positioning needle is adjustable, when the position and the angle of the positioning needle in a preset object are fixed, the penetrating axis can be adjusted to a proper position based on the positioning needle, the guide needle can be drilled into a reliable reference object, and the guide needle can be drilled into a proper position in the femoral head. The femoral head guide needle positioner provided by the invention can overcome the problem that the existing guide needle is easy to deviate due to the fact that the guide needle is drilled in according to the experience of doctors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical appliances, in particular to a femoral head guide pin positioner.
Background
Ischemic necrosis of femoral head (Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head, ANFH) is a disorder of blood circulation of femoral head due to various causes, that is, insufficient arterial perfusion and limited venous return, which may be accompanied by increased intra-osseous pressure, resulting in necrosis of bone. According to the reliable basis, the patients with the ANFH femoral head necrosis to be treated in China are estimated to be 500-750 ten thousand, new cases are 15-20 ten thousand each year, and about 80% of the ANFH can develop into the collapse of the femoral head within 1-4 years to cause the joint function to be damaged. Most patients have to have artificial joint replacements. However, the long-term efficacy of artificial joint replacement for young and middle-aged people is still unpredictable at the present level, and thus, it is necessary to seek effective treatments for preserving the patient's own joints.
The prior ANFH head-protecting (namely, preserving the femoral head) treatment method generally firstly needs to carry out intra-osseous decompression and remove necrotic bone, and the patent application of publication No. CN 102038544A discloses a submerged scraper for treating aseptic femoral head necrosis, which is used for entering the femoral head after drilling and scraping the necrotic bone, thereby providing basic conditions for reconstructing bone beds and improving blood supply. However, the use of the diving scraper generally requires that a guide pin is drilled into a proper position in the femoral head, and then the guide pin is used as a reference for drilling, so that the diving scraper can be inserted into the femoral head for use. The process of drilling the guide pin generally passes through the experience of doctors, and due to lack of a reference object, the problem of inaccurate drilling often occurs, and the process is sometimes repeated for a plurality of times, so that the operation time is prolonged, the bone tissues of patients are easily damaged, and the X-ray exposure is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a femoral head guide pin positioner, which solves the problem that the existing femoral head guide pin is easy to deviate because the existing femoral head guide pin is drilled in according to the experience of doctors.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a femoral head guide pin positioner for positioning a guide pin, comprising:
a base;
the positioning needle is movably arranged on the base and used for penetrating a preset object; and
the penetrating part is used for movably penetrating the guide pin along a penetrating axis, and the penetrating axis is not overlapped with the axis of the positioning pin;
the penetrating part is connected with the base through a first rotating joint, and the rotating axis of the first rotating joint is different from the axis of the positioning needle; the rotation axis of the first rotation joint is perpendicular to the penetrating axis of the penetrating part;
the penetrating axis of the penetrating portion is configured to be adjusted based on a position and an angle of the positioning needle within a predetermined object as a reference.
Optionally, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises:
the first rotating joint is connected with the base through the first telescopic joint; the telescopic axis of the first telescopic joint is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning needle.
Optionally, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises:
the first telescopic joint is connected with the base through the second telescopic joint; the telescopic axis of the second telescopic joint is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning needle, and the telescopic axis of the second telescopic joint is perpendicular to the telescopic axis of the first telescopic joint.
Optionally, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises:
and the adjusting part is used for adjusting the telescopic lengths of the first telescopic joint and the second telescopic joint.
Optionally, the adjusting part includes a first knob and a second knob, the first knob is used for adjusting the telescopic length of the first telescopic joint, and the second knob is used for adjusting the telescopic length of the second telescopic joint.
Optionally, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises:
the first rotating joint is connected with the base through the second rotating joint; the rotation axis of the second rotation joint is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning needle.
Optionally, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises:
and the positioning needle is connected with the base through the third telescopic joint.
Optionally, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises:
and the positioning needle is connected with the base through the third rotating joint.
Optionally, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises:
the knob locking part is coaxially arranged with the positioning needle, and is rotatably arranged on the base and used for locking the third telescopic joint and the third rotary joint so as to limit the axial displacement and circumferential rotation of the positioning needle relative to the base.
Optionally, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises:
the auxiliary positioning part is arranged on the base and is provided with a through hole, the through hole is used for the guide pin to pass through, and the axis of the through hole is collinear with the passing axis;
the auxiliary positioning portion is configured to abut against a predetermined object and to define a radial displacement of the guide pin.
In summary, in the femoral head guide pin positioner provided by the invention, the penetrating part is connected with the base through the first rotating joint, and the rotating axis of the first rotating joint is different from the axis of the positioning pin; the rotating axis of the first rotating joint is perpendicular to the penetrating axis of the penetrating part, and the penetrating axis of the penetrating part is not coincident with the axis of the positioning needle, so that the angle of the penetrating axis of the penetrating part relative to the positioning needle is adjustable, and when the position and the angle of the positioning needle in a preset object are fixed, the penetrating axis can be adjusted to a proper position or angle based on the positioning needle. The femoral head guide needle positioner provided by the invention has the advantages that the guide needle is drilled into the femoral head guide needle positioner is provided with a practical and reliable reference object, so that the guide needle can be drilled into a proper position in the femoral head, and the problem that the guide needle is easy to deviate due to the fact that the guide needle is drilled into the femoral head by the experience of doctors in the prior art can be solved.
Drawings
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a guide pin positioning according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a femoral head guide pin positioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an angle adjustment between a penetrating axis and a positioning needle of a femoral head guide needle positioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein a telescopic distance of a first telescopic joint is not adjustable;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an angle adjustment between a penetrating axis and a positioning needle of a femoral head guide needle positioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein a telescopic distance of a first telescopic joint is adjustable;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a femoral head guide pin positioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein a penetrating axis is coplanar with a positioning pin;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a femoral head guide pin positioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which a penetrating axis is different from a positioning pin;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a femoral head guide pin locator provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein a rotational axis of the second rotational joint perpendicularly intersects the locator pin;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a femoral head guide pin positioner according to a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein a rotation axis of the second rotation joint is perpendicular to the positioning pin.
In the accompanying drawings:
100-base; 111-knob locking part; 120-a second telescopic joint; 121-a second knob; 122-linear track; 130-a first telescopic joint; 131-a first knob; 140-a first rotary joint; 141-a third knob; 142-a penetrating portion; 150-fourth revolute joint; 151-fourth knob; 152-a through hole; 153-fifth knob; 154-sixth knob; 161-a first abutment; 162-a second abutment; 170-a second revolute joint; 171-seventh knob;
200-positioning the needle; 300-guide pin; 400-femur.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments thereof in order to make the objects, advantages and features of the invention more apparent. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not drawn to scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of actual structures. In particular, the drawings are shown with different emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the various embodiments.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
The invention provides a femoral head guide pin positioner which is used for positioning a guide pin and comprises a base, a positioning pin and a penetrating part. The positioning needle is movably arranged on the base and used for penetrating into a preset object, such as a greater trochanter or a femoral neck and the like at the proximal end of a femur; the penetrating part is used for movably penetrating the guide pin along a penetrating axis, and the penetrating axis is not overlapped with the axis of the positioning pin; the penetrating part is connected with the base through a first rotating joint, and the rotating axis of the first rotating joint is different from the axis of the positioning needle; the rotation axis of the first rotation joint is perpendicular to the penetrating axis of the penetrating part; the penetrating axis of the penetrating portion is configured to be adjusted based on a position and an angle of the positioning needle within a predetermined object as a reference.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pin positioning provided by an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pin positioning provided by an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an angle adjustment between a penetrating axis and a positioning pin provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a first telescopic joint is not adjustable for a telescopic distance, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an angle adjustment between a penetrating axis and a positioning pin provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a first telescopic joint is adjustable for a telescopic distance, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pin positioning provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a penetrating axis is coplanar with a positioning pin, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pin positioning provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a penetrating axis is different from a positioning pin, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a pin positioning provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a rotational axis of a second rotary joint is perpendicular to a positioning pin, and fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a pin positioning pin provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a rotational axis of a second rotary joint of a pin positioning pin provided by an embodiment of the present invention is perpendicular to a different surface.
The following description refers to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides an implant loading tool, which includes: the positioning needle 200 is movably arranged on the base 100, the penetrating part 142 is used for movably penetrating the guide needle 300 along a penetrating axis, and the penetrating axis is not overlapped with the axis of the positioning needle 200; the penetrating portion 142 is connected to the base 100 through a first rotation joint 140, and the rotation axis of the first rotation joint 140 is different from the axis of the positioning needle 200; the rotation axis of the first rotation joint 140 is perpendicular to the penetrating axis of the penetrating part 142; the insertion axis of the insertion portion 142 is configured to be adjusted based on the position and angle of the positioning needle 200 in a predetermined object as a reference.
Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1, the positioning needle 200 is used to insert a needle into the femur, at a location proximal to the greater trochanter, on the outside of the proximal femur, and to drill a length into the femur. Preferably, the positioning needle 200 is passed through the femoral neck just to the location of the femoral head. Generally, the positioning needle 200 can be drilled by a doctor with bare hands, and the positioning needle 200 can be drilled more randomly because the accurate position is not limited, but the length and the angle are controlled to avoid drilling through the femur. At this point, X-rays may be taken to obtain the position and angle of the positioning needle 200 relative to the femur as a reference for subsequent lead drilling. Further, the base 100 is fitted over the positioning needle 200 and fixed to the positioning needle 200.
Referring to fig. 2, the y-axis is the extending direction of the positioning needle 200, the x-axis and the z-axis are perpendicular to the y-axis, and the x-axis is also perpendicular to the z-axis. The penetrating axis of the penetrating portion 142 is preferably coplanar with (on the plane formed by the X-axis and the y-axis) and not coincident with the axis of the positioning needle 200, so that the angle between the penetrating axis and the axis of the positioning needle 200 can be adjusted by the rotation of the first rotation joint 140, and the guiding needle 300 can be penetrated along the penetrating axis of the penetrating portion 142 after the angle between the penetrating axis and the positioning needle 200 is adjusted to a proper angle by taking the development of the positioning needle 200 under the X-ray as a reference. By the femoral head guide pin positioner provided by the invention, the drill-in of the guide pin 300 is provided with a practical and reliable reference object, so that the guide pin 300 can be drilled in a proper position in a femoral head, and the problem that the guide pin is easy to deviate due to the fact that the guide pin is drilled in the prior art by experience of doctors can be solved.
Preferably, the rotation of the first rotary joint 140 can be controlled and adjusted by rotating the third knob 141. Specifically, the third knob 141 may drive the first rotary joint 140 to rotate through a gear or a bearing, and those skilled in the art may make other alternatives to the rotation mode of the third knob 141 driving the first rotary joint 140 through the prior art, such as a wire, a belt or a friction wheel, which is not limited in the present invention.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3 to 6, and referring to fig. 2, a femoral head guide pin positioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts will not be described again, but only the different points will be described below.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the femoral head guide pin positioner further includes a first telescopic joint 130, and the first rotary joint 140 is connected to the base 100 through the first telescopic joint 130; the telescopic axis of the first telescopic joint 130 is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning needle 200. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the y-axis in the drawing is the extending direction of the positioning needle 200, the x-axis is perpendicular to the y-axis, the x-axis is the extending direction of the telescopic axis of the first telescopic joint 130, wherein the penetrating axis and the positioning needle 200 are both on a plane formed by the x-axis and the y-axis, the femur 400 is simplified to mean a plane (the plane perpendicular to the y-axis, in practice, the plane simplified to the femur 400 may not be limited to be perpendicular to the y-axis, and may also have an angle with the y-axis), the left side of the femur 400 is illustrated as the inside of the femur, and the right side of the femur 400 is illustrated as the outside of the femur. The first rotating joint 140 may be preferably disposed at an end of the first telescopic joint 130 away from the base 100, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an adjustment of an included angle between the penetrating axis and the positioning needle 200 when the telescopic distance of the first telescopic joint 130 is not adjustable, fig. 3 (a) illustrates a state where the femoral head guide needle positioner is located when the included angle between the penetrating axis and the positioning needle 200 is a first included angle, and fig. 3 (B) illustrates a state where the femoral head guide needle positioner is located when the included angle between the penetrating axis and the positioning needle 200 is a second included angle. As can be seen from fig. 3 (a) and 3 (B), when the telescopic distance of the first telescopic joint 130 is not adjustable, the axial position of the base 100 relative to the positioning needle 200 needs to be adjusted simultaneously when the angle between the penetrating axis and the positioning needle 200 is adjusted. Specifically, if the position of the guide pin 300 in fig. 3 is the desired target position, since the position of the positioning pin 200 is drilled by bare hands, and has a certain randomness, fig. 3 (a) and 3 (B) respectively show the positions of two positioning pins 200, and in order to satisfy the requirement that the position of the guide pin 300 is the desired target position under different positioning pin 200 positions, the axial position of the base 100 relative to the positioning pin 200 needs to be adjusted. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating adjustment of the angle between the axis of penetration and the positioning needle 200 when the first telescopic joint 130 is adjustable in telescopic distance, wherein fig. 4 (a) illustrates a state where the femoral head guide needle positioner is located when the angle between the axis of penetration and the positioning needle 200 is a first angle, and fig. 4 (B) illustrates a state where the femoral head guide needle positioner is located when the angle between the axis of penetration and the positioning needle 200 is a second angle. When the telescopic distance of the first telescopic joint 130 is adjustable, which is equivalent to adding an adjustment joint with a redundant degree of freedom to the femoral head guide pin positioner, by adjusting the telescopic distance of the first telescopic joint 130, the included angle between the penetrating axis and the positioning pin 200 can be adjusted under the condition that the axial position of the base 100 relative to the positioning pin 200 is unchanged. Of course, the axial position of the base 100 relative to the positioning needle 200 and the telescopic distance of the first telescopic joint 130 can be adjusted simultaneously to meet the requirement. Specifically, the position of the guide pin 300 in fig. 4 is a desired target position, and fig. 4 (a) and 4 (B) respectively show the positions of two kinds of positioning pins 200, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the position change of the positioning pin 200 can be digested by adjusting the telescopic distance of the first telescopic joint 130, so that the position of the guide pin 300 is a desired target position.
Further, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises a second telescopic joint 120, and the first telescopic joint 130 is connected with the base 100 through the second telescopic joint 120; the telescopic axis of the second telescopic joint 120 is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning needle 200, and the telescopic axis of the second telescopic joint 120 is perpendicular to the telescopic axis of the first telescopic joint 130. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the y-axis is the extending direction of the positioning needle 200, the x-axis, the y-axis and the z-axis are perpendicular to each other, the plane of the x ' -axis and the z ' -axis is the schematic outer surface of the femur 400, and the y ' -axis is directed toward the inside of the femur 400. In some cases, the desired position of the pin 200 and the guide pin 300 is often not only at an angle (the pin 200 is coplanar with the guide pin 300), but also at a deviation (the pin 200 is out of plane with the guide pin 300, but the pin 200 and the guide pin 300 are parallel to the plane formed by the x-axis and the y-axis). The second telescopic joint 120 is arranged to enable the penetrating axis and the positioning needle 200 to meet the different requirements. Fig. 5 shows the case where the insertion axis is coplanar with the positioning needle 200 (i.e., the telescopic distance of the second telescopic joint 120 is 0 at this time), and fig. 6 shows the case where the insertion axis is out of plane with the positioning needle 200. As shown in fig. 5, if the telescopic distance of the second telescopic joint 120 is 0 (i.e. the penetrating axis does not deviate from the axis of the positioning needle 200, the penetrating axis is necessarily coplanar with the positioning needle 200, which cannot meet the requirement of different surfaces. As shown in fig. 6, the first telescopic joint 130, with the first rotary joint 140 disposed thereon, translates and stretches along the second telescopic joint 120, so that the penetrating axis is different from the positioning needle 200, and a larger adjustable range of the penetrating axis is obtained. Specifically, the second telescopic joint 120 may have a linear guide rail 122 disposed along the z-axis direction, so as to satisfy the requirement of translational expansion and contraction. The projections of the guide pin 300 and the positioning pin 200 on the planes of the y 'axis and the z' axis are parallel or coincident.
Preferably, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises an adjusting portion for adjusting the telescopic lengths of the first telescopic joint 130 and the second telescopic joint 120. Specifically, the adjusting portion includes a first knob 131 and a second knob 121, the first knob 131 is used for adjusting the telescopic length (the distance in the x-axis direction) of the first telescopic joint 130, and the second knob 121 is used for adjusting the telescopic length (the distance in the z-axis direction) of the second telescopic joint 120. The adjustment of the telescopic length by means of a knob, similar to the focusing of a microscope, is common knowledge in the art and specific structures and embodiments will not be described in detail here.
More preferably, the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises a third telescopic joint, and the positioning pin 200 is connected with the base 100 through the third telescopic joint; the femoral head guide pin positioner further comprises a third rotating joint, the positioning pin 200 is connected with the base 100 through the third rotating joint, wherein the rotation axis of the third rotating joint, the expansion axis of the third expansion joint and the axis of the positioning pin 200 are collinear. The third telescopic joint and the third rotary joint can be the same compound joint, namely, the telescopic joint and the rotary joint have the functions of telescopic and rotary simultaneously. Specifically, the composite joint may be a through hole track in the base 100, and the inner diameter of the through hole track matches with the outer diameter of the positioning needle 200, so that the positioning needle 200 can be threaded. Thus, the base 100 can be sleeved on the positioning needle 200, and generates circumferential rotation (rotation around the y-axis direction) and axial displacement (displacement in the y-axis direction) relative to the positioning needle 200. Further, the femoral head guide pin positioner further includes a knob locking portion 111, where the knob locking portion 111 is coaxially disposed with the positioning pin 200, and the knob locking portion 111 is rotatably disposed at an end of the base 100 (preferably, an end far away from the femur 400) and is used for locking the third telescopic joint and the third rotary joint, so as to limit the axial displacement and circumferential rotation of the positioning pin 200 relative to the base 100. Specifically, the base 100 is movable relative to the positioning needle 200, and when the knob locking portion 111 is screwed, the relative position of the positioning needle 200 and the base 100 is locked, so that the base 100 is fixed relative to the positioning needle 200. The specific structure of the knob locking part 111 may be a screw tightening manner, similar to the existing waterproof joint, or a manner of setting a machine screw on the base 100 to fix the positioning needle 200, which is not described herein again, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Example III
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, and referring to fig. 2, the femoral head guide pin positioner provided in the third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail below with respect to the same portions, wherein the y-axis is the extending direction of the positioning pin 200, the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis are perpendicular to each other, the plane of the x ' -axis and the z ' -axis is the outer surface of the femur 400, and the y ' -axis is directed toward the interior of the femur 400.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, wherein the rotation axis of the second rotary joint 170 in fig. 7 perpendicularly intersects the positioning needle 200, and the rotation axis of the second rotary joint 170 in fig. 8 perpendicularly intersects the positioning needle 200.
In this embodiment, the femoral head guide pin positioner further includes a second rotational joint 170, and the first rotational joint 140 is connected to the base 100 through the second rotational joint 170; the axis of rotation of the second rotational joint 170 is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning pin 200.
The second rotational joint 170 may be disposed such that the guide pin 300 is different from the positioning pin 200, and the guide pin 300 may not be parallel to the plane of the x-axis and the y-axis. Specifically, after the positioning pin 200 is driven into the femur 400, the first rotational joint 140 and the penetrating portion 142 disposed on the second rotational joint 170 can be rotated relative to the axis (x-axis direction) of the second rotational joint 170 by the rotation of the second rotational joint 170, so that the penetrating axis intersects the plane in which the x-axis and the y-axis lie. The angle between the projection of the guide pin 300 and the positioning pin 200 on the plane of the y 'axis and the z' axis and the surface of the femur 400 (i.e., the plane of the x 'axis and the z' axis) is different.
Preferably, the rotation of the second revolute joint 170 may be controlled and adjusted by rotating the seventh knob 171. The specific structure and driving principle of the seventh knob 171 will not be described in detail herein, as those skilled in the art can conveniently realize the same through the prior art.
More preferably, the second revolute joint 170 may be coaxially arranged with the first telescopic joint 130, i.e. the telescopic axis of the first telescopic joint 130 is collinear with the rotational axis of the second revolute joint 170.
By the arrangement of the second rotary joint 170, a larger adjustable range of the penetrating axis can be obtained, and the penetrating position and angle of the guide pin 300 can be more conveniently adjusted.
Example IV
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the femoral head guide pin positioner provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and the same parts will not be described again, and only the differences will be described below,
in this embodiment, the femoral head guide pin positioner further includes an auxiliary positioning portion, where the auxiliary positioning portion is disposed on the base 100, the auxiliary positioning portion has a through hole 152, the through hole 152 is used for the guide pin 300 to pass through, and an axis of the through hole 152 is collinear with the passing axis; the auxiliary positioning portion is configured to abut against a predetermined object (e.g., the outer surface of the femur 400) and to define a radial displacement of the lead 300.
Preferably, the auxiliary positioning portion includes a first abutting portion 161 and a second abutting portion 162, where the first abutting portion 161 is fixedly connected with the base 100, and is located at an end of the base 100 facing the femur 400 and is used for directly abutting against the surface of the femur 400, so that when the positioning needle 200 is driven into the femur 400, the base 100 is sleeved on the positioning needle 200, and the first abutting portion 161 abuts against the femur 400, so that on one hand, additional supporting force from the femur can be obtained. On the other hand, after the knob locking part 111 is locked, an additional limit can be provided for limiting the axial displacement of the base 100 and the positioning needle 200, so that the base 100 is prevented from sliding along the axial direction of the positioning needle 200. Preferably, the outer contour of the first abutment 161 may be matched to the outer surface of the femur 400, e.g., the first abutment 161 may be an abutment block, with one end fixedly coupled to the base 100 and the other end matched to the outer surface of the femur 400 for abutment.
Further, the second abutting portion 162 includes an adjustable joint portion and an abutting portion, wherein the adjustable joint portion includes at least a fourth rotary joint 150, and a rotation axis of the fourth rotary joint 150 is different from an axis of the positioning needle 200 and is perpendicular to a penetrating axis of the penetrating portion 142. The through hole 152 is provided on the fourth rotational joint 150 perpendicular to the rotational axis of the fourth rotational joint 150, and the through hole 152 may rotate following the rotation of the fourth rotational joint 150, and the rotation of the fourth rotational joint 150 may be preferably adjusted by the fourth knob 151. Preferably, the adjustable joint part further comprises a fourth telescopic joint and a fifth rotary joint (not numbered in the figure), the fourth telescopic joint can be adjusted to be telescopic along the x-axis direction relative to the base 100 by the fifth knob 153, and the fifth rotary joint can be adjusted to rotate around the x-axis direction by the sixth knob 154, so that the position and the angle of the fourth rotary joint 150 relative to the base can be adjusted, and the specific arrangement structure is similar to the connection of the first rotary joint 140 and the base 100, and reference can be made to the above embodiment. Furthermore, by adjusting the fourth knob 151, the fifth knob 153 or the sixth knob 154, the axis of the through hole 152 and the penetrating axis of the penetrating portion 142 are collinear, so that after the guide pin 300 passes through the penetrating portion 142, the guide pin 300 can also pass through the through hole 152, the side wall of the through hole 152 forms additional lateral limitation on the guide pin 300, and according to the principle that two points are aligned, the stability of the guide pin 300 can be improved, and the reliability of the femoral head guide pin positioner can be improved.
Still further, an abutment portion of the second abutment 162 may be fixedly disposed on the fourth revolute joint 150 for abutment against an outer surface of the femur 400. In actual use, after the positioning needle 200 is driven into the femur 400, the base 100 is sleeved in, so that the first abutting portion 161 abuts against the surface of the femur 400, the axis of the penetrating shaft and the axis of the through hole 152 are adjusted to a required angle according to the X-ray image, and the abutting portion of the second abutting portion 162 abuts against the surface of the femur 400, and then the guide needle 300 can be penetrated. The second abutting portion 162 can generate additional supporting force to the femoral head guide needle positioner via the femoral head 400, so that stability of the guide needle 300 can be further improved, and reliability of the femoral head guide needle positioner can be improved.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, different portions of the embodiments may be used in combination with each other, which is not limited to the present invention.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any alterations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A femoral head guide pin locator for locating a guide pin, comprising:
a base;
the positioning needle is movably arranged on the base and used for penetrating a preset object; and
the penetrating part is used for movably penetrating the guide pin along a penetrating axis, and the penetrating axis is not overlapped with the axis of the positioning pin;
the penetrating part is connected with the base through a first rotating joint, the rotating axis of the first rotating joint is different from the axis of the positioning needle, and the rotating axis of the first rotating joint is perpendicular to the penetrating axis of the penetrating part;
the penetrating axis of the penetrating part is configured to be adjusted based on the position and the angle of the positioning needle in a preset object as a reference object;
the first rotating joint is connected with the base through the first telescopic joint; the telescopic axis of the first telescopic joint is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning needle;
the first telescopic joint is connected with the base through the second telescopic joint; the telescopic axis of the second telescopic joint is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning needle, and the telescopic axis of the second telescopic joint is perpendicular to the telescopic axis of the first telescopic joint;
the positioning needle is connected with the base through the third telescopic joint;
the first rotating joint is connected with the base through the second rotating joint; the rotation axis of the second rotary joint is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning needle;
and the positioning needle is connected with the base through the third rotating joint, wherein the rotating axis of the third rotating joint, the telescopic axis of the third telescopic joint and the axis of the positioning needle are collinear.
2. The femoral head guide pin locator of claim 1, further comprising:
and the adjusting part is used for adjusting the telescopic lengths of the first telescopic joint and the second telescopic joint.
3. The femoral head guide pin positioner according to claim 2, wherein the adjustment portion comprises a first knob for adjusting the telescopic length of the first telescopic joint and a second knob for adjusting the telescopic length of the second telescopic joint.
4. The femoral head guide pin locator of claim 1, further comprising:
the knob locking part is coaxially arranged with the positioning needle, and is rotatably arranged on the base and used for locking the third telescopic joint and the third rotary joint so as to limit the axial displacement and circumferential rotation of the positioning needle relative to the base.
5. The femoral head guide pin locator of claim 1, further comprising:
the auxiliary positioning part is arranged on the base and is provided with a through hole, the through hole is used for the guide pin to pass through, and the axis of the through hole is collinear with the passing axis;
the auxiliary positioning portion is configured to abut against a predetermined object and to define a radial displacement of the guide pin.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910234592.6A CN109846529B (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Femoral head guide needle positioner |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910234592.6A CN109846529B (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Femoral head guide needle positioner |
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| CN109846529A CN109846529A (en) | 2019-06-07 |
| CN109846529B true CN109846529B (en) | 2023-11-28 |
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| WO2018195177A1 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-25 | Texas Scottish Rite Hospital For Children | Device and method for treating osteonecrosis |
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| CN109846529A (en) | 2019-06-07 |
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