CN109828272A - A kind of SAR difference chromatography method and device - Google Patents
A kind of SAR difference chromatography method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109828272A CN109828272A CN201910246936.5A CN201910246936A CN109828272A CN 109828272 A CN109828272 A CN 109828272A CN 201910246936 A CN201910246936 A CN 201910246936A CN 109828272 A CN109828272 A CN 109828272A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of SAR difference chromatography method and devices, are observed by radar to steel tower, obtain the original echo of steel tower SAR；The compression of distance and bearing is carried out to original echo, obtains the observing matrix on plural number SAR image；Observing matrix is decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix；The sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal is carried out to height matrix and speed of deformation matrix respectively by the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension, obtain reconstruct height matrix and reconstructs speed of deformation matrix；According to reconstruct height matrix and reconstruct speed of deformation matrix, steel tower strong scattering point information is obtained.The present invention is handled by the original echo to steel tower SAR, height matrix and speed of deformation matrix are reconstructed in conjunction with two dimension sparse restructing algorithm, finally obtain steel tower strong scattering point information, solve the problems, such as that extracting steel tower height and rate of deformation in the prior art is faced computationally intensive, practicalization of the promotion satellite remote sensing technology in iron tower of power transmission line deformation monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to analysis and survey control technology field more particularly to a kind of SAR difference chromatography methods and device.
Background technique
Electric power pylon is the important component of transmission line of electricity, and operating status decides the stabilization and peace of electric system
Entirely.Therefore, it is necessary to efficiently monitor the 3-dimensional image information of electric power pylon in real time, its stability is assessed, to carry out
Early warning and disposition.Traditional synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is although technology can not be limited by conditions such as cloud and mist, sleet, to mesh
Mark carries out round-the-clock, round-the-clock monitoring, but due in SAR image each pixel be all scattering points with same distance
The superposition of scattering coefficient, therefore there are problems that Cylindrical symmetry is obscured and folded and cover, the identification and extraction to target cause very big
It is difficult.In addition, traditional SAR technology needs to obtain true phase by phase unwrapping, the complicated solution process of twining increases extraction
The difficulty and error of information.SAR difference chromatographic technique can carry out aperture synthetic imaging in height dimension, utilize spatial frequency spectrum difference
The different scattering points in pixel of the same name have been distinguished, has solved the problems, such as to fold and cover, realize steel tower azimuth-range-height-rate of deformation four
Dimension imaging.
The reconstruction information of height dimension for steel tower is the amplitude and phase that rail SAR image pixel of the same name is repeated several times,
Due to repeating the limited amount of rail SAR image, signal sampling rate corresponding with height dimension is far below nyquist sampling rate, tradition
Power estimation method such as Fourier transformation to can only obtain lower resolution ratio and secondary lobe in SAR difference tomography high.For
Electric power pylon target, there is typically only a small number of strong scattering points in pixel of the same name, therefore the proposition of compressive sensing theory in recent years
A good thinking is provided to solve the problem above-mentioned.Exist currently based on the one-dimensional sparse imaging algorithm of compressive sensing theory
Study relatively broad in radar imagery, this method retakes script two-dimensional imaging matrix for one-dimensional matrix, is then chased after using matching
The compressions senses such as track algorithm (OMP), compression sampling matching pursuit algorithm (CoSaMP) and segmentation orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm (StOMP)
Imaging is reconstructed to signal in the algorithm known.But two-dimensional matrix retake for matrix length caused by one-dimensional matrix it is excessive, operation
Amount also will increase.
Therefore, how to make into the reduction of aperture radar difference tomography operand, become those skilled in the art urgently
It solves the problems, such as.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of SAR difference chromatography method and device, with solve to extract in the prior art steel tower height and
The computationally intensive problem faced when rate of deformation.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of SAR difference chromatography methods, comprising the following steps:
Steel tower is observed by radar, obtains the original echo of steel tower SAR；
The compression of distance and bearing is carried out to the original echo, obtains the observing matrix on plural number SAR image；
The observing matrix is decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix；
Two-dimensional signal is carried out to the height matrix and the speed of deformation matrix respectively by the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension
Sparse reconstruct obtains reconstruct height matrix and reconstructs speed of deformation matrix；
According to the reconstruct height matrix and the reconstruct speed of deformation matrix, steel tower strong scattering point information is obtained.
Selectively, the height matrix is the structure that is multiplied with the speed of deformation matrix.
Selectively, the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension is the smooth 0 rank norm constraint optimization algorithm of two dimension.
Selectively, the number of the original echo is several, each corresponding plural number of the original echo
SAR image.
Selectively, the observing matrix includes corresponding sight under corresponding observing matrix and time reference line under vertical parallax
Survey matrix.
Second aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of SAR difference chromatographic apparatus, comprising: original echo acquiring unit, observation
Matrix acquiring unit, matrix decomposition unit, reconfiguration unit and information acquisition unit, in which:
The original echo acquiring unit obtains the original echo of steel tower SAR for being observed to steel tower；
The observing matrix acquiring unit obtains plural number for carrying out the compression of distance and bearing to the original echo
Observing matrix on SAR image；
The matrix decomposition unit, for the observing matrix to be decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix；
The reconfiguration unit, for utilizing the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension respectively to the height matrix and the speed of deformation
Matrix carries out the sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal, obtains reconstruct height matrix and reconstructs speed of deformation matrix；
The information acquisition unit, for obtaining according to the reconstruct height matrix and the reconstruct speed of deformation matrix
Steel tower strong scattering point information.
Selectively, the reconfiguration unit is using the smooth 0 rank norm constraint optimization algorithm of two dimension respectively to the height square
Battle array and the speed of deformation matrix carry out the sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal.
Selectively, the observing matrix is decomposed into the height matrix and deformation speed by the matrix decomposition unit
Spend the structure of matrix multiple.
From the above technical scheme, the present invention provides a kind of SAR difference chromatography method and devices, by radar to iron
Tower is observed, and obtains the original echo of steel tower SAR；The compression of distance and bearing is carried out to the original echo, obtains plural number
Observing matrix on SAR image；The observing matrix is decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix；It is sparse heavy by two dimension
Structure algorithm carries out the sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal to the height matrix and the speed of deformation matrix respectively, obtains reconstruct height square
Battle array and reconstruct speed of deformation matrix；According to the reconstruct height matrix and the reconstruct speed of deformation matrix, obtains steel tower and dissipate by force
Exit point information.The present invention is handled by the original echo to steel tower SAR, in conjunction with the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension to height matrix
It is reconstructed with speed of deformation matrix, finally obtains steel tower strong scattering point information, solve extraction steel tower height in the prior art
Computationally intensive problem with being faced when rate of deformation, has pushed satellite remote sensing technology in iron tower of power transmission line deformation monitoring
Practicalization.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate more clearly of technical solution of the present invention, letter will be made to attached drawing needed in the embodiment below
Singly introduce, it should be apparent that, for those of ordinary skills, without any creative labor,
It is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of SAR difference chromatography method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural block diagram of SAR difference chromatographic apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
It illustrates:
Wherein, 11- original echo acquiring unit；12- observing matrix acquiring unit；13- matrix decomposition unit；14- reconstruct
Unit；15- information acquisition unit.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the attached drawing in the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts,
It shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention can be with
It is different from the other modes that describe again using other to implement, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention
In the case of do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of SAR difference chromatography method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.The present invention is implemented
Example provides a kind of SAR difference chromatography method, comprising the following steps:
S101: being observed steel tower by radar, obtains the original echo of steel tower SAR.
It is above-mentioned that steel tower is observed using Radar Technology, several radars letter is sent to areal by radar
Number, the echo of radar signal reflections is then obtained again, and then is analyzed using scattering point information of the echo to steel tower.
S102: carrying out the compression of distance and bearing to the original echo, obtains the observing matrix on plural number SAR image.
By above-mentioned observation army battle array, and then complex values are obtained, the corresponding complex values of each observing matrix.To receiving
The original echo, then carry out distance, orientation compression after, plural SAR image can be obtained, steel tower is as artificial metal
Target, strong scattering point are located in the pixel of a pocket.For the plural SAR image of several width areals, by essence
Really after registration, the strong scattering point of steel tower is located in the identical pixel of the same name in position.Therefore, for the plural number in pixel of the same name
Value be actually elevation to rate of deformation to signal two-dimensional integration.For n times repeated measures, by being registrated, going oblique, phase
Complex values in the pretreated pixels of the same name such as position compensation may be expressed as:
Wherein, σ (h, v) is multiple scattering function of the scattering point on elevation direction and rate of deformation direction in the pixel；[-
Hmax,Hmax] and [- Vmax,Vmax] be respectively elevation H and rate of deformation v areas imaging；λ is radar wavelength；R is main image
Center oblique distance；bmFor vertical parallax；tnFor time reference line；N (m, n) indicates white Gaussian noise.
S103: the observing matrix is decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix.
Above-mentioned height matrix and speed of deformation matrix are relatively independent height matrix and speed of deformation matrix.Optionally,
The relatively independent height matrix is the structure being multiplied with speed of deformation matrix.The observing matrix includes right under vertical parallax
Corresponding observing matrix under the observing matrix and time reference line answered.
By the two-dimensional integration discretization of formula (1), and using the relative independentability of vertical parallax and time reference line, by formula (1)
Be converted to following equation:
Wherein, G is the complex matrix of a M × N, indicates the value of pixel of the same name；σ is divided by different height and speed of deformation
Possibility scatter dot matrix, be the matrix of a P × Q, since steel tower only has a small number of strong scattering points, which has relatively strong
Sparsity；AhWithCorresponding observing matrix under different vertical baseline and time reference line is respectively represented, size is respectively M × P
With Q × N.Due to repeating rail SAR image limited amount, meet P > M, Q > N.
AhWithElement representation it is as follows:
It can be seen that imaging observation matrix has been decomposed into matrix structure highly, relatively independent in two dimensions of rate of deformation,
For two height, rate of deformation dimensions are carried out relatively independent sparse reconstruct and are laid the foundation respectively.
S104: two dimension is carried out to the height matrix and the speed of deformation matrix respectively by the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension
The sparse reconstruct of information obtains reconstruct height matrix and reconstructs speed of deformation matrix.
Optionally, the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension is the smooth 0 rank norm constraint optimization algorithm of two dimension.Steel tower is by a small number of strong
Scattering point is constituted, therefore σ meets sparse prior distribution, therefore can use l0Rank norm constraint optimizes to restore σ, is there is noise
Under the conditions of, the inversion process of formula (2) can be represented by the formula:
Wherein, ε is the small constant being related to noise level.Based on relatively only in two height, rate of deformation dimensions
Vertical observing matrix structure, using the smooth l of bidimensional0Rank norm constraint optimization algorithm is solved, and the core of the algorithm is
By l0Rank norm constraint optimization problem is approximately the l that continuous Gaussian function carrys out approximate signal0Rank norm.In formula (4) | | σ | |0
It is approximately:
Formula (5) are substituted into formula (4), solve formula (4) using Newton iteration, until convergence, obtains in height, deformation quantity rate
Strong scattering point distribution matrix σ on two-dimensional surface, completes height, the rate of deformation 2-d reconstruction of steel tower.
S105: according to the reconstruct height matrix and the reconstruct speed of deformation matrix, steel tower strong scattering point information is obtained.
For example, repeating the X-band satellite-borne SAR image of 3 meters of resolution ratio of rail, the distance of radar to image center using 18 width
For 651286m, the span approximation 303.63m of vertical parallax, time reference line span is 121 days, due to relatively independent height square
Battle array is the structure being multiplied with speed of deformation matrix, and then handles to obtain steel tower four-dimensional reconstruction as a result, root using scheme in the present invention
The strong scattering point appeared again according to result preferably embodies steel tower profile, and different scattering points further comprise rate of deformation.
Optionally, the quantity of the original echo is several, the corresponding plural number of each described original echo
SAR image.
From the above technical scheme, the present invention provides a kind of SAR difference chromatography methods, are carried out by radar to steel tower
Observation obtains the original echo of steel tower SAR；The compression of distance and bearing is carried out to the original echo, obtains plural number SAR image
On observing matrix；The observing matrix is decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix；Pass through the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension
The sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal is carried out to the height matrix and the speed of deformation matrix respectively, obtains reconstruct height matrix and again
Structure speed of deformation matrix；According to the reconstruct height matrix and the reconstruct speed of deformation matrix, steel tower strong scattering point letter is obtained
Breath.The present invention is handled by the original echo to steel tower SAR, in conjunction with the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension to height matrix and deformation
Rate matrices are reconstructed, and finally obtain steel tower strong scattering point information, solve and extract steel tower height and deformation in the prior art
The computationally intensive problem faced when rate has pushed satellite remote sensing technology practical in iron tower of power transmission line deformation monitoring
Change process.
Referring to fig. 2, Fig. 2 is a kind of structural block diagram of SAR difference chromatographic apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.The present invention is real
It applies example and additionally provides a kind of SAR difference chromatographic apparatus, including original echo acquiring unit 11, observing matrix acquiring unit 12, square
Battle array decomposition unit 13, reconfiguration unit 14 and information acquisition unit 15, in which:
The original echo acquiring unit 11 obtains the original echo of steel tower SAR for being observed to steel tower；
The observing matrix acquiring unit 12 is answered for carrying out the compression of distance and bearing to the original echo
Observing matrix on number SAR image；
The matrix decomposition unit 13, for the observing matrix to be decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix；
The reconfiguration unit 14, for fast to the height matrix and the deformation respectively using the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension
It spends matrix and carries out the sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal, obtain reconstruct height matrix and reconstruct speed of deformation matrix；
The information acquisition unit 15, for obtaining according to the reconstruct height matrix and the reconstruct speed of deformation matrix
Take steel tower strong scattering point information.
Selectively, the reconfiguration unit 14 is using the smooth 0 rank norm constraint optimization algorithm of two dimension respectively to the height
Matrix and the speed of deformation matrix carry out the sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal.
Selectively, the observing matrix is decomposed into the height matrix and the deformation by the matrix decomposition unit 13
The structure that rate matrices are multiplied.
From the above technical scheme, the present invention provides a kind of SAR difference chromatography method and devices, by radar to iron
Tower is observed, and obtains the original echo of steel tower SAR；The compression of distance and bearing is carried out to the original echo, obtains plural number
Observing matrix on SAR image；The observing matrix is decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix；It is sparse heavy by two dimension
Structure algorithm carries out the sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal to the height matrix and the speed of deformation matrix respectively, obtains reconstruct height square
Battle array and reconstruct speed of deformation matrix；According to the reconstruct height matrix and the reconstruct speed of deformation matrix, obtains steel tower and dissipate by force
Exit point information.The present invention is handled by the original echo to steel tower SAR, in conjunction with the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension to height matrix
It is reconstructed with speed of deformation matrix, finally obtains steel tower strong scattering point information, solve extraction steel tower height in the prior art
Computationally intensive problem with being faced when rate of deformation, has pushed satellite remote sensing technology in iron tower of power transmission line deformation monitoring
Practicalization.
The present invention can be used in numerous general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration.Such as: personal computer, service
Device computer, handheld device or portable device, laptop device, multicomputer system, microprocessor-based system, top set
Box, programmable consumer-elcetronics devices, network PC, minicomputer, mainframe computer, including any of the above system or equipment
Distributed computing environment etc..
The present invention can describe in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program
Module.Generally, program module includes routines performing specific tasks or implementing specific abstract data types, programs, objects, group
Part, data structure etc..The present invention can also be practiced in a distributed computing environment, in these distributed computing environments, by
Task is executed by the connected remote processing devices of communication network.In a distributed computing environment, program module can be with
In the local and remote computer storage media including storage equipment.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the invention, it is noted that those skilled in the art are come
It says, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of SAR difference chromatography method, which is characterized in that the SAR difference chromatography method the following steps are included:
Steel tower is observed by radar, obtains the original echo of steel tower SAR；
The compression of distance and bearing is carried out to the original echo, obtains the observing matrix on plural number SAR image；
The observing matrix is decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix；
It is sparse that two-dimensional signal is carried out to the height matrix and the speed of deformation matrix respectively by the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension
Reconstruct obtains reconstruct height matrix and reconstructs speed of deformation matrix；
According to the reconstruct height matrix and the reconstruct speed of deformation matrix, steel tower strong scattering point information is obtained.
2. SAR difference chromatography method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the height matrix and the speed of deformation
Matrix is multiplication structure.
3. SAR difference chromatography method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension is two dimension
Smooth 0 rank norm constraint optimization algorithm.
4. SAR difference chromatography method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the number of the original echo is several,
Each corresponding plural number SAR image of the original echo.
5. SAR difference chromatography method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the observing matrix includes under vertical parallax
Corresponding observing matrix under corresponding observing matrix and time reference line.
6. a kind of SAR difference chromatographic apparatus, which is characterized in that the SAR difference chromatographic apparatus include original echo acquiring unit,
Observing matrix acquiring unit, matrix decomposition unit, reconfiguration unit and information acquisition unit, in which:
The original echo acquiring unit obtains the original echo of steel tower SAR for being observed to steel tower；
The observing matrix acquiring unit obtains plural number SAR shadow for carrying out the compression of distance and bearing to the original echo
As upper observing matrix；
The matrix decomposition unit, for the observing matrix to be decomposed into height matrix and speed of deformation matrix；
The reconfiguration unit, for utilizing the sparse restructing algorithm of two dimension respectively to the height matrix and the speed of deformation matrix
The sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal is carried out, reconstruct height matrix is obtained and reconstructs speed of deformation matrix；
The information acquisition unit, for obtaining steel tower according to the reconstruct height matrix and the reconstruct speed of deformation matrix
Strong scattering point information.
7. SAR difference chromatographic apparatus as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the reconfiguration unit utilizes smooth 0 rank of two dimension
Norm constraint optimization algorithm carries out the sparse reconstruct of two-dimensional signal to the height matrix and the speed of deformation matrix respectively.
8. SAR difference chromatographic apparatus as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the matrix decomposition unit is by the observation
Matrix decomposition is the structure of the height matrix and the speed of deformation matrix multiple.
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