CN109212529A - A kind of electric power pylon monitoring method and device - Google Patents
A kind of electric power pylon monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109212529A CN109212529A CN201811301968.2A CN201811301968A CN109212529A CN 109212529 A CN109212529 A CN 109212529A CN 201811301968 A CN201811301968 A CN 201811301968A CN 109212529 A CN109212529 A CN 109212529A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
- G01S13/9027—Pattern recognition for feature extraction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method and devices, comprising the following steps: obtains the SAR image sequence in same electric power pylon region by the satellite radar of different timing, different boat rails, and obtains observation data and image parameter by pretreatment operation；Extract the permanent scattering point being located on electric power pylon in SAR image sequence, the candidate point stablized and can be reconfigured；According to observation data, the elevation information and rate of deformation information that permanent scattering point corresponds to electric power pylon position are reconstructed using compression sampling matching pursuit algorithm.Using electric power pylon monitoring method of the invention and device, electric power pylon can be detected from SAR image sequence, and effectively inhibits ambient noise, extract the elevation information and rate of deformation information of electric power pylon.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power monitoring administrative skill fields, and in particular to a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method and device.
Background technique
Traditional synthetic aperture radar mainly passes through transmitting microwave signal and receives the reflection signal on ground, obtains target side
Position to-distance to information, the essence of the image obtained is projection of the objective on two-dimensional surface.Due to some places
In the target of different location and being equidistant for radar, the signal for eventually resulting in acquisition is the superposition of multiple scattering points, is caused
The loss of elevation and rate of deformation.SAR difference chromatographic technique increase height to rate of deformation to synthetic aperture, by adopting
The satellite radar image for collecting the multiple timings of the same area and navigating more realizes the four-dimensional reconstruction to target, final extraction target
Elevation and rate of deformation.
But due to the special tectonic of high-voltage power transmission tower and its complicated landform at place, have in observed image stronger
Ambient noise considerably increases imaging difficulty, and be easy to cause false imaging, affects image quality.Therefore, in order to standard
The height and deformation for really extracting high-voltage power transmission tower need to establish effective algorithm, reduce error, answer extraction result satisfaction
Use demand.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: intricately due to the special tectonic of high-voltage power transmission tower and its place
Shape has stronger ambient noise in observed image, considerably increases imaging difficulty, and be easy to cause false imaging, affect
Image quality, the present invention provides a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method to solve the above problems and devices.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of electric power pylon monitoring method and device, comprising the following steps:
Step A obtains the SAR image sequence in same electric power pylon region by the satellite radar of different timing, different boat rails
Column, and observation data and image parameter are obtained by pretreatment operation；
Step B extracts the permanent scattering point being located on electric power pylon in the SAR image sequence, is stablized and can
With the candidate point being reconstructed；
Step C is reconstructed permanently according to the observation data that the step A is obtained using compression sampling matching pursuit algorithm
Scattering point corresponds to the elevation information and rate of deformation information of electric power pylon position.
Further, in the step A, one group of observation data [S is obtained by pretreatment1,S2,L,Sm], wherein SmIt indicates
M width image.
Further, described image parameter includes SmAnd Sm-1Vertical parallax b between observationmWith time reference line tm, incident
Angle size θ, center oblique distance length r, wavelength X, observation frequency m, azimuth resolution and range resolution.
Further, in the step A, the pretreatment operation be to original SAR image carry out image registration, go tiltedly and
Phase compensation processing.
Due in SAR image observation process, by the restriction that satellite radar platform track designs, the satellite thunder observed every time
It is observed up to being difficult to hold in approximately the same plane, it is therefore desirable to be gone tiltedly to handle, satellite radar observation position is projected
Into same plane, and establish the inner link of observation data and reconfiguration information；Meanwhile phase compensation is carried out to observation data
Phase error caused by atmospheric perturbation in actual observation is eliminated, pretreated observation data are obtained.
Further, it in the step B, is screened in SAR image sequence and is located on electric power pylon using amplitude threshold method
Permanent scattering point: it according to the amplitude information given threshold of SAR image, chooses amplitude information and is greater than the resolution cell of threshold value as forever
The candidate point of long scattering point.
Some artificial dotted buildings, such as high building, electric pole are still able to maintain in the case that for a long time, when Space Baseline
Higher coherence, then these targets are referred to as Permanent scatterers.Due to the construction and Environmental Noise Influence of electric power pylon, cause to see
Not all resolution cell can carry out difference tomographic reconstruction in the SAR image measured, therefore can be permanent by carrying out
Scattering point screening, inhibits the influence of ambient noise.In embodiment, using amplitude threshold method to electric power pylon region SAR image
Setting screening threshold value T reduces the influence of SAR image quantity.
Further, in the amplitude threshold method shown in the selection formula such as formula (1) of threshold value T:
In formula (1),For the amplitude of (i, j) resolution cell in kth width SAR image, row is SAR image row size, col
For SAR image column size.
Further, the value interval of the T is [T, 1.5T].
Further, in the step C, specific steps include:
Step C1 chooses the corresponding observation data of permanent scattering point on electric power pylon are as follows:
In formula (2), SmIndicate that m width image, λ are wavelength, r is center oblique distance length, bmAnd tmWhen for m and m-1 observation
Vertical parallax and time reference line, γ (s, ν) be permanent scattering point along elevation to rate of deformation to distribution function, s and ν difference
Indicate elevation to rate of deformation to；
Step C2, by the observation data S in the step AmDiscrete representation is carried out, as shown in formula (3):
P, O are respectively elevation to the sampled point quantity upward with rate of deformation in formula (3)；
Step C3 indicates above-mentioned discrete expression (3) with matrix, as shown in formula (4):
Y=Φ γ+e (4),
In formula, y=SmFor m observation data, y=[y1,y2,L,ym]T；
To tie up observing matrix, wherein q=p*o,Indicate Kronecke product；
γ=[γ (s1,v1),L,γ(s1,vo),L,γ(sp,v1),L,γ(sp,vo)]T(7),
E=[e1,e2,L,em]T(8),
Wherein formula (7) is that the q × 1 for needing to reconstruct ties up distribution function, and formula (8) is white Gaussian noise；
Step C4 carries out the restructural γ value out of compression sampling match tracing processing to y, wherein just containing elevation and deformation
Rate information.
By compressed sensing theorem it is found that if some signal be it is sparse either it is compressible, can be to this
Signal is reconstructed.According to SAR image-forming principle, the observation data that satellite radar obtains are sparse, therefore can be using compression
Perception algorithm is reconstructed.Compression sampling matching pursuit algorithm is a kind of innovatory algorithm on matching pursuit algorithm, every time repeatedly
In generation, selects multiple atoms, and the atom of iteration selection may be abandoned in next iteration every time, reduce the difficulty of atom selection
Degree, improves accuracy.
Further, in the step C3, concrete operation method the following steps are included:
Initiation parameter: initial surplus r is arranged in step C4010=y, index setCandidate SetIteration time
Number t=1；Wherein, s indicates iteration stopping mark,Indicate empty set；
Step C402 screens the atom in calculation matrix u: calculating u=abs [ΦTrt-1], i.e. < rt-1φj> 1
≤j≤m；Choose the column index composition set J that 2n maximum value in u corresponds to Φ0And it is screened for subsequent iteration；
Step C403, enables Λt=Λt-1∪J0, Φt=Φt-1∪φj(j∈J0)；
Step C404, seeks y=AtγtLeast square solution:
Step C405, fromThe middle n item for choosing maximum absolute value is denoted asCorresponding ΦtN item be denoted as Φtn, corresponding
Φ column index is denoted as Λtn, update set Λt=Λtn；
Step C406 updates residual error:
Step C407 judges iteration stopping condition: the number of iteration is set for s, as t≤s, then and return step C402；
As t > s or rtWhen=0, then stop iteration；
Step C407, elevation information h and rate of deformation information ε after output reconstruct.
A kind of device for electric power pylon monitoring, including preprocessing module, permanent scattering point extraction module and reconstruct mould
Block；
The preprocessing module obtains observation number for extracting the image parameter in SAR image sequence and carrying out pretreatment
According to；
The permanent scattering point extraction module is used to screen permanent scattering point according to the amplitude information in SAR image；
The reconstructed module is used to go out according to observation data reconstruction the elevation letter that permanent scattering point corresponds to electric power pylon position
Breath and rate of deformation information.
The present invention has the advantage that and the utility model has the advantages that
Monitoring method of the invention is to obtain original SAR image sequence by the piggyback satellite radar of multi-period, more boat rails,
And it is pre-processed, obtain image parameter and the observation data for reconstruct；Threshold is set according to the amplitude information of SAR image
It is worth and filters out permanent scattering point；And the elevation information and rate of deformation of electric power pylon are reconstructed according to the sparsity of observation data
Information.The influence that restrained effectively ambient noise using electric power pylon monitoring method and device of the invention, it is suitable to filter out
Permanent scattering point, and improve the image quality in the case of SAR image negligible amounts；
In conclusion the present invention effectively inhibits ambient noise by the screening of permanent scattering point compared with prior art,
The selection quality of difference tomographic reconstruction point is improved, and the information extraction to electric power pylon is realized by reconstruct, reduces falseness
Imaging, improves image quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide to further understand the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes one of the application
Point, do not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is that permanent scattering point chooses flow chart in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is restructing algorithm flow chart in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the original SAR image of example electric power pylon in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 (a)) it is permanent scattering point distribution map in the embodiment of the present invention, threshold value T；
Fig. 4 (b) is the permanent scattering point distribution map in the embodiment of the present invention, threshold value 1.5T；
Fig. 5 is the reconstruct image in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, to this
Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation for explaining only the invention, are not made
For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of electric power pylon monitoring method is present embodiments provided, the specific operation method is as follows:
Step A obtains the SAR image sequence in same electric power pylon region by the satellite radar of different timing, different boat rails
Column carry out image registration and obtain image data, pixel of the same name in image sequence is made to correspond to identical atural object；And to image sequence
It carries out tiltedly and phase compensation processing operation obtains one group of observation data [S1,S2,L,Sm], wherein SmIndicate m width image；
Wherein, described image parameter includes SmAnd Sm-1Vertical parallax b between observationmWith time reference line tm, incidence angle is big
Small θ, center oblique distance length r, wavelength X, observation frequency m, azimuth resolution and range resolution.
Step B extracts the permanent scattering point being located on electric power pylon in the SAR image sequence, is stablized and can
With the candidate point being reconstructed, as shown in Figure 1:
The permanent scattering point screening is to extract permanent scattering point using amplitude threshold method.It is big usually to choose amplitude information
In candidate point of the resolution cell as permanent scattering point of threshold value, the threshold value T of amplitude threshold method is chosen shown in formula such as formula (1):
In formula (1),For the amplitude of (i, j) resolution cell in kth width SAR image, row is SAR image row size, col
For SAR image column size.In order to be further reduced Environmental Noise Influence, the value of T be can choose between [T, 1.5T].
Step C is reconstructed permanently according to the observation data that the step A is obtained using compression sampling matching pursuit algorithm
Scattering point corresponds to the elevation information and rate of deformation information of electric power pylon position.Specific steps are as follows:
Step C1 chooses the corresponding observation data of permanent scattering point on electric power pylon are as follows:
In formula (2), SmIndicate that m width image, λ are wavelength, r is center oblique distance length, bmAnd tmWhen for m and m-1 observation
Vertical parallax and time reference line, γ (s, ν) be permanent scattering point along elevation to rate of deformation to distribution function, s and ν difference
Indicate elevation to rate of deformation to；
Step C2, by the observation data S in the step AmDiscrete representation is carried out, as shown in formula (3):
P, O are respectively elevation to the sampled point quantity upward with rate of deformation in formula (3)；
Step C3 indicates above-mentioned discrete expression (3) with matrix, as shown in formula (4):
Y=Φ γ+e (4),
In formula, y=SmFor m observation data, y=[y1,y2,L,ym]T；
To tie up observing matrix, wherein q=p*o,Indicate Kronecke product；
γ=[γ (s1,v1),L,γ(s1,vo),L,γ(sp,v1),L,γ(sp,vo)]T(7),
E=[e1,e2,L,em]T(8),
Wherein formula (7) is that the q × 1 for needing to reconstruct ties up distribution function, and formula (8) is white Gaussian noise；
Step C4 carries out the restructural γ value out of compression sampling match tracing processing to y, wherein just containing elevation and deformation
Rate information.
Wherein, in the step C3, operating process as shown in Fig. 2, specific steps are as follows:
Initiation parameter: initial surplus r is arranged in step C4010=y, index setCandidate SetIteration time
Number t=1；Wherein, s indicates iteration stopping mark,Indicate empty set；
Step C402 screens the atom in calculation matrix u: calculating u=abs [ΦTrt-1], i.e. < rt-1φj> 1
≤j≤m；Choose the column index composition set J that 2n maximum value in u corresponds to Φ0And it is screened for subsequent iteration；
Step C403, enables Λt=Λt-1∪J0, Φt=Φt-1∪φj(j∈J0)；
Step C404, seeks y=AtγtLeast square solution:
Step C405, fromThe middle n item for choosing maximum absolute value is denoted asCorresponding ΦtN item be denoted as Φtn, corresponding
Φ column index is denoted as Λtn, update set Λt=Λtn；
Step C406 updates residual error:
Step C407 judges iteration stopping condition: the number of iteration is set for s, as t≤s, then and return step C402；
As t > s or rtWhen=0, then stop iteration；
Step C407, elevation information h and rate of deformation information ε after output reconstruct.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide it is a kind of realize the device described in embodiment 1 for electric power pylon monitoring method, including it is pre-
Processing module, permanent scattering point extraction module and reconstructed module；
The preprocessing module obtains observation number for extracting the image parameter in SAR image sequence and carrying out pretreatment
According to；
The permanent scattering point extraction module is used to screen permanent scattering point according to the amplitude information in SAR image；
The reconstructed module is used to go out according to observation data reconstruction the elevation letter that permanent scattering point corresponds to electric power pylon position
Breath and rate of deformation information.
Embodiment 3
By the application for the method and device that Examples 1 and 2 provide: with providing 18 width electric power pylons in the present embodiment
The two-dimensional SAR image in area.Fig. 3 is the original SAR image after cutting, and image background is mountain area earth's surface and vegetation, electric power pylon position
The high bright part in image can more be clearly seen that electric power pylon profile.SAR image is registrated, goes oblique and phase
Pretreatment operation is compensated, SAR image data (S is obtained by SARscape business softwaremAnd Sm-1Vertical parallax b between observationm
With time reference line tm, incidence angle size θ, center oblique distance length r, wavelength X, observation frequency m, azimuth resolution and distance to point
Resolution.
Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b) is permanent scattering point distribution map.By carrying out permanent scattering point screening to SAR image sequence
It obtains, the threshold value of Fig. 4 (a) is T, and the threshold value of Fig. 4 (b) is 1.5T.By comparison it can be found that most of permanent scattering point is presented
At the shape of electric power pylon, ambient noise restrained effectively, the permanent scattering point almost all of Fig. 4 (b) is distributed in transmission of electricity iron
Around tower, Fig. 4 (a) is distributed on earth's surface there are also some scattered permanent scattering points.
Fig. 5 is reconstruct result figure.A permanent scattering point in selection Fig. 4 (b) is reconstructed, the results show that this is permanent
The elevation of the corresponding electric power pylon position of scattering point is 67m to size, and rate of deformation size is 0.007m/year.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
Step A obtains the SAR image sequence in same electric power pylon region by the satellite radar of different timing, different boat rails, and
Observation data and image parameter are obtained by pretreatment operation；
Step B extracts the permanent scattering point being located on electric power pylon in the SAR image sequence, is stablized and can be into
The candidate point of row reconstruct；
Step C reconstructs permanent scattering using compression sampling matching pursuit algorithm according to the observation data that the step A is obtained
The elevation information and rate of deformation information of the corresponding electric power pylon position of point.
2. a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step A, by locating in advance
Reason obtains one group of observation data [S1,S2,L,Sm], wherein SmIndicate m width image.
3. a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described image parameter includes SmWith
Sm-1Vertical parallax b between observationmWith time reference line tm, incidence angle size θ, center oblique distance length r, wavelength X, observation frequency m,
Azimuth resolution and range resolution.
4. a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step A, the pre- place
Reason operation is to carry out image registration to original SAR image, go tiltedly to handle with phase compensation.
5. a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step B, using amplitude
Threshold method screens the permanent scattering point being located on electric power pylon in SAR image sequence: setting threshold according to the amplitude information of SAR image
Value chooses amplitude information and is greater than candidate point of the resolution cell of threshold value as permanent scattering point.
6. a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that threshold value in the amplitude threshold method
Shown in the selection formula such as formula (1) of T:
In formula (1),For the amplitude of (i, j) resolution cell in kth width SAR image, row is SAR image row size, col SAR
Image column size.
7. a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the value interval of the T be [T,
1.5T]。
8. a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step C, specific steps
Include:
Step C1 chooses the corresponding observation data of permanent scattering point on electric power pylon are as follows:
In formula (2), SmIndicate that m width image, λ are wavelength, r is center oblique distance length, bmAnd tmIt is vertical when for m and m-1 observation
Baseline and time reference line, γ (s, ν) be permanent scattering point along elevation to rate of deformation to distribution function, s and ν are respectively indicated
Elevation to rate of deformation to；
Step C2, by the observation data S in the step AmDiscrete representation is carried out, as shown in formula (3):
P, O are respectively elevation to the sampled point quantity upward with rate of deformation in formula (3)；
Step C3 indicates above-mentioned discrete expression (3) with matrix, as shown in formula (4):
Y=Φ γ+e (4),
In formula, y=SmFor m observation data, y=[y1,y2,L,ym]T；
To tie up observing matrix, wherein q=p*o,Indicate Kronecke product；
γ=[γ (s1,v1),L,γ(s1,vo),L,γ(sp,v1),L,γ(sp,vo)]T(7),
E=[e1,e2,L,em]T(8),
Wherein formula (7) is that the q × 1 for needing to reconstruct ties up distribution function, and formula (8) is white Gaussian noise；
Step C4 carries out the restructural γ value out of compression sampling match tracing processing to y, wherein just containing elevation and rate of deformation
Information.
9. a kind of electric power pylon monitoring method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that specific to grasp in the step C3
Make method the following steps are included:
Initiation parameter: initial surplus r is arranged in step C4010=y, index setCandidate SetThe number of iterations t=
1；Wherein, s indicates iteration stopping mark,Indicate empty set；
Step C402 screens the atom in calculation matrix u: calculating u=abs [ΦTrt-1], i.e. < rt-1φj1≤j of >≤
m；Choose the column index composition set J that 2n maximum value in u corresponds to Φ0And it is screened for subsequent iteration；
Step C403, enables Λt=Λt-1∪J0, Φt=Φt-1∪φj(j∈J0)；
Step C404, seeks y=AtγtLeast square solution:
Step C405, fromThe middle n item for choosing maximum absolute value is denoted asCorresponding ΦtN item be denoted as Φtn, corresponding Φ column
Index is denoted as Λtn, update set Λt=Λtn；
Step C406 updates residual error:T=t+1；
Step C407 judges iteration stopping condition: the number of iteration is set for s, as t≤s, then and return step C402；As t >
S or rtWhen=0, then stop iteration；
Step C407, elevation information h and rate of deformation information ε after output reconstruct.
10. a kind of device for electric power pylon monitoring, which is characterized in that extract mould including preprocessing module, permanent scattering point
Block and reconstructed module；
The preprocessing module obtains observation data for extracting the image parameter in SAR image sequence and carrying out pretreatment；
The permanent scattering point extraction module is used to screen permanent scattering point according to the amplitude information in SAR image；
The reconstructed module be used to be gone out according to observation data reconstruction permanent scattering point correspond to the elevation information of electric power pylon position with
Rate of deformation information.
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| CN109828272A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-31 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of SAR difference chromatography method and device |
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| CN113030971A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-25 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Qualitative analysis method and quantitative analysis method for monitoring iron tower icing |
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| CN113030971B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2024-01-23 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Qualitative analysis method and quantitative analysis method for monitoring icing of iron tower |
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