CN109827925A - On-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device and method - Google Patents
On-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device and method, which includes that droplet is collected and elution camera bellows, infrared imaging sensor, droplet infrared detection mechanism, polyester transparent transmission belt and Zigbee network device box；Droplet infrared detection mechanism includes detection camera bellows, and MCU master control borad and multiple detection units inside detection camera bellows；The photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit is sent to MCU master control borad after the droplet infrared light supply strength signal that infrared receiver sensor receives is converted to level-one droplet voltage analog signal；The level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion of each detection unit is level-one droplet voltage digital signal by MCU master control borad, and level-one droplet voltage digital signal is calculated, obtain a second level droplet voltage digital signal, controlling terminal is uploaded to finally by Zigbee network device to be monitored, it is final to realize the detection of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device and methods, are mainly used for agricultural aviation
And during the plant protection of ground to the technology evaluation of crops operation effectiveness and spray head pulverability, it can be achieved that Droplet deposition
Quick detection, and droplet can be sampled with continuous several times.
Background technique
At present in agricultural plant protection field, evaluate the main indicator of equipment for plant protection performance superiority and inferiority first is that atomization quality, packet
Include coverage rate, drift and uniformity.It is coverage rate, drift related to Droplet deposition, point of uniformity and droplet in target
Cloth parameter is related.Therefore, optimization droplet parameter detecting technology is significant to atomization quality is further increased.
Traditional Pcnten-1 yne-4 detection method is divided into two kinds: water-sensitive test paper colouring and spectrophotometer elution method.First
Kind is manually to collect droplet using water-sensitive test paper, and the water-sensitive test paper after acquisition is scanned, image procossing etc. is then recycled
Technology estimates the characterisitic parameter of droplet；Second is eluted to the droplet being attached to above collection plate, and sample is made
This solution carries out absorbance detection one by one, and then determines the deposition of pesticide droplet.All there is identical lack in both methods
It falls into, droplet can not be measured in real time, can only carry out detecting under line, error is big and increases labor intensity, low efficiency.
Chinese invention patent application (publication number: CN106442545A) discloses a kind of pesticide droplet deposition and detects with evaporation
Device, described device include sequentially connected coplanar finger-inserting type capacitor, high frequency oscillator, signal transient cycle detection module
And data processing module, detection is realized by the variation of capacitance；Chinese utility model patent (notification number:
CN234594846U) changing rule of plates capacitance value can be caused to be surveyed also on mist droplet deposition to plate capacitors
Amount.The above prior art is all made of capacitance method and is detected, and is easy to be influenced its measurement by temperature, the interference of external electromagnetic field
Precision.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of inspections of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics
Device is surveyed, which can be realized the droplet to equipment for plant protection application regional area during equipment for plant protection spraying operation
The quick obtaining of deposition data may be simultaneously used for evaluate the spraying validity of equipment for plant protection application regional area
The pulverability for detecting the spray head of equipment for plant protection can in time carry out more spray head when the pulverability of spray head changes
It changes；Multiple detection devices are set in equipment for plant protection application regional scope, then can measure the mist of equipment for plant protection application overall region
Drip deposition distributing homogeneity.
It is a further object to provide a kind of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection methods.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides the following technical scheme that
When infra red radiation light source reaches body surface, transmission, absorption, reflection are three kinds of common phenomena: i.e. incident radiation
A part of light source is absorbed, and a part is reflected, and a part is transmitted.
On-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics device is exactly according to the characteristic of infra red radiation light source come the deposition to droplet
The quick real-time and continuous on-line detection of amount, by the parameter come accurate inverting mist droplet deposition property dependent parameter.
A kind of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device, the device include that droplet is collected and elutes camera bellows 1, red
Outer imaging sensor 7, droplet infrared detection mechanism 23, polyester transparent transmission belt 33 and Zigbee network device box 30；
The droplet, which is collected, includes top plate 24 and bottom plate 29 with elution camera bellows 1, vertical between the top plate 24 and bottom plate 29
Ground is connected with reclaiming chamber partition 9 and elution chamber partition 26；Droplet collect with elution camera bellows 1 be recovered chamber partition 9 and elute chamber every
Plate 26 is divided into three chambers: droplet reclaiming chamber 5, elution chamber 27 and test chamber 35；Wherein, droplet reclaiming chamber 5 and elution chamber
It is separated between 27 by reclaiming chamber partition 9, elutes and separated between chamber 27 and test chamber 35 by eluting chamber partition 26；
The corresponding top plate 24 of the droplet reclaiming chamber 5 is equipped with reclaiming chamber droplet acquisition port 6, is equipped in droplet reclaiming chamber 5
Pesticide recycling box 2；
The infrared imaging sensor 7 is fixed on the side wall or reclaiming chamber partition 9 of droplet reclaiming chamber 5, in vertical direction
Between reclaiming chamber droplet acquisition port 6 and pesticide recycling box 2；
The corresponding top plate 24 of the elution chamber 27 is equipped with elution chamber droplet acquisition port 21；
Zigbee network device box 30 is equipped in test chamber 35；
The active rotated by motor driven is respectively equipped on the side wall of the same side of the elution chamber 27 and test chamber 35
Axis 20, first driven shaft 32, second driven shaft 28 and third driven shaft 12；Wherein, the driving shaft 20 and third driven shaft 12
It is located at the upper and lower part of the side wall of elution chamber 27, the first driven shaft 32 and second driven shaft 28 are located at inspection
Survey the upper and lower part of the side wall of chamber 35；
The polyester transparent transmission belt 33 be set in driving shaft 20, first driven shaft 32, second driven shaft 28 and third from
On moving axis 12, so that polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is divided into the continuous part of following four along its direction of motion: including washing
In de- chamber 27 and in the epipelagic zone of the part in test chamber 35, the first side band in test chamber 35 including elution chamber 27
Underlying band with the part in test chamber 35 and the second side band in elution chamber 27；Wherein, the epipelagic zone is being washed
Part in de- chamber 27 is located at the lower section of elution chamber droplet acquisition port 21；
The upper and lower part of the elution chamber partition 26 offers delivery port 22 and lower delivery port 13, the polyester respectively
The epipelagic zone of transparent transmission band 33 is passed through from upper delivery port 22, and underlying band is passed through from lower delivery port 13；
The outside of the first side band of the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is equipped with the appearance face contact of one with first side band
Level-one be dehydrated cotton roller 34；
The outside of the second side band of the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is equipped with the appearance face contact of one with second side band
Second level be dehydrated cotton roller 15；
Droplet infrared detection mechanism 23 is fixed in test chamber 35, positioned at the epipelagic zone of polyester transparent transmission belt 33
Underface；
The top of lower delivery port 13 on the elution chamber partition 26 is equipped with a Hall sensor 55；The polyester transparent passes
The side edge of defeated band 33 is connected with a magnetic sheet 56；The Hall sensor 55 carries out pulse detection to magnetic sheet 56；
Droplet infrared detection mechanism 23 includes detection camera bellows 52, and the MCU master control inside detection camera bellows 52
Plate and multiple detection units 53；The upper surface of the detection camera bellows 52 is equipped with identical with the elution size of chamber droplet acquisition port 21
Detection mouth 50；The conveying direction of epipelagic zone of multiple detection units 53 along polyester transparent transmission belt 33 constitutes multiple rows of detection unit
Row, 53 interlaced arrangement of detection unit of adjacent detection unit row；Each detection unit 53 include infrared emission sensor 49,
Infrared receiver sensor 51 and photo signal voltage transmission module, 51 court of the infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor
To the epipelagic zone of the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 of the top of detection mouth 50, and normal phase of the two relative to polyester transparent transmission belt 33
It is mutually arranged symmetrically, the angle between the infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor 51 is 84 °~126 °.
The MCU master control borad is obtained by Zigbee network device box 30 and is instructed by the detection pattern that controlling terminal is sent,
Select spray head abrasion detection mode or Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern；
MCU master control borad receives the pulse signal that infrared imaging sensor 7 is sent, and is sent according to infrared imaging sensor 7
Pulse signal control driving shaft 20 motor open and each detection unit 53 infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver
Sensor 51 is opened；The MCU master control borad receives the pulse signal that Hall sensor 55 is sent, and is sent out according to Hall sensor 55
The pulse signal sent determines whether to close the motor of driving shaft 20 and the infrared emission sensor 49 of each detection unit 53 and red
Outer receiving sensor 51；The droplet that the photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit 53 receives infrared receiver sensor 51
Infrared light supply strength signal is sent to MCU master control borad after being converted to level-one droplet voltage analog signal；MCU master control borad is by each detection
The level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion of unit 53 is level-one droplet voltage digital signal, and to level-one droplet voltage number
Word signal is calculated, and is obtained a second level droplet voltage digital signal, is uploaded to control finally by Zigbee network device 30
Terminal processed is monitored, final to realize the detection of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics.
Inside the elution chamber 27, elutes and be connected with one between chamber partition 26 and reclaiming chamber partition 9 positioned at second level dehydration cotton
The inclined water fender 17 of 15 top of roller, the water fender 17 will elute chamber 27 and be divided into two parts up and down, wherein water fender
17 and the connecting pin of elution chamber partition 26 are high-end, are low side with the connecting pin of reclaiming chamber partition 9；The middle part of the water fender 17
Open up a transmission belt mouth 16, the second side band of the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 by being passed through in the transmission belt mouth 16, and with
Water fender 17 is mutually perpendicular to；One, which is provided with, with the junction of water fender 17 on the reclaiming chamber partition 9 is located at the upper of pesticide recycling box 2
The drainage gallery 8 of side.
The level-one dehydration cotton roller 34 or second level dehydration cotton roller 15 are arranged on tensioning apparatus 11；The tensioning apparatus 11 wraps
The first hinge seat 43 being from top to bottom successively fixed on reclaiming chamber partition 9, second hinge seat 45 and third hinge seat 46 are included, with
And smooth shaft 37, cylinder casing 38, holddown spring 39, cylinder clip 40, pivoted arm 14 and link arm 44；The first hinge seat 43,
Second hinge seat 45 and third hinge seat 46 all have a horizontal pin；
The cylinder clip 40, holddown spring 39 and cylinder casing 38 are successively slidably socketed from top to bottom in smooth shaft 37
On, the top and bottom of the holddown spring 39 are affixed with cylinder clip 40 and cylinder casing 38 respectively, the cylinder clip 40
It is fixed in smooth shaft 37 by locknut 42；The top and bottom of the smooth shaft 37 pass through horizontal pin respectively and are mounted on
On one hinge seat 43 and second hinge seat 45；
One end of the pivoted arm 14 is mounted on third hinge seat 46 by horizontal pin, the affixed " u "-shaped card pipe of the other end
47；" u "-shaped card pipe 47 is equipped with a transfer roller axis 48, and the second level dehydration cotton roller 15 is mounted on transfer roller axis 48；
One end of the link arm 44 is rotatably connected in cylinder casing 38, and the other end is rotatably connected on the middle part of pivoted arm 14.
The on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device further comprises transmission belt tensioning alarm mechanism, described
Transmission belt tensioning alarm mechanism includes tensioned limit switch 18 and belt slack limit switch 19, the tensioned limit
The edge of the transmission belt mouth 16 of water fender 17 is arranged in switch 18 and belt slack limit switch 19, wherein tensioned limit
Bit switch 18 is located at the outside of the second side band of polyester transparent transmission belt 33, and belt slack limit switch 19 is located at polyester transparent
The inside of the second side band of transmission belt 33.
A kind of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition using the on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device
Characteristic detecting method, this method comprises the following steps:
A, the relational model of the voltage of Droplet deposition and voltage order one digital signal is established:
Before detection, the mist of spectrophotometer elution method and on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device is respectively adopted
The drop infrared detection mechanism 23 titer droplet sample incremented by successively to multiple mist droplet deposition times detects, and obtains respectively more
The level-one droplet voltage digital signal of the Droplet deposition of a different time length and multiple and different time spans, it is quasi- through multinomial
After conjunction, the relation curve of the voltage of Droplet deposition and voltage digital signal is established, so that it is determined that Ratio for error modification k；
B, detection pattern selection and droplet detection phase:
On-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device is placed in the spraying operation area of field pesticides flusher
In domain, MCU master control borad is obtained by Zigbee network device box 30 and is instructed by the detection pattern that controlling terminal is sent, and selects spray head
Abrasion detection mode or Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern；
Field pesticides flusher starts spraying operation, and droplet 54 collects the reclaiming chamber droplet with elution camera bellows 1 from droplet
Acquisition port 6 and elution chamber droplet acquisition port 21 respectively enter droplet reclaiming chamber 5 and elution chamber 27；It is infrared in droplet reclaiming chamber 5
Imaging sensor 7 in real time detects the droplet of landing 54, and sends pulse signal to MCU master control borad；
Under spray head abrasion detection mode, when there is droplet sedimentation, MCU master control borad receives the hair of infrared imaging sensor 7
The pulse signal sent becomes high level pulse signal from low level pulse signal, and the motor of control driving shaft 20 is opened and each inspection
The infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor 51 for surveying unit 53 are opened；
Under Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern, after droplet sedimentation, MCU master control borad receives infrared imaging
The pulse signal that sensor 7 is sent becomes low level pulse signal from high level pulse signal, and the motor of control driving shaft 20 is opened
It opens and the infrared emission sensor 49 of each detection unit 53 and infrared receiver sensor 51 is opened；
C, mist droplet deposition detection-phase:
Driving shaft 20 under the drive of the motor, uniform rotation clockwise, drive polyester transparent transmission belt 33 epipelagic zone by
It elutes chamber 27 to move to test chamber 35, the droplet 54 on the epipelagic zone for being deposited in polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is conveyed through droplet
The top of the detection mouth 50 of infrared detection mechanism 23；The infrared emission of each detection unit 53 of droplet infrared detection mechanism 23 senses
Device 49 emits infrared light supply, and infrared receiver sensor 51 receives the reflected droplet infrared light source strength of polyester transparent transmission belt 33
Spend signal；
The droplet infrared light that the photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit 53 receives infrared receiver sensor 51
Source strength signal, which is converted to, is sent to MCU master control borad after level-one droplet voltage analog signal, and MCU master control borad is by each detection unit 53
Level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion be level-one droplet voltage digital signal, and to level-one droplet voltage digital signal
It is calculated, obtains a second level droplet voltage digital signal, be uploaded to controlling terminal finally by Zigbee network device 30
It is monitored；In spray head abrasion detection mode, the second level droplet voltage digital signal is that spray head wears distribution variation coefficient；
In Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern, the second level droplet voltage digital signal is the mist droplet deposition on unit area
Amount；
The Hall sensor 55 carries out pulse detection, the MCU master control to the magnetic sheet 56 in polyester transparent transmission belt 33
Plate receives the pulse signal that Hall sensor 55 is sent, when the MCU master control borad receives the pulse of the transmission of Hall sensor 55
When signal, MCU master control borad determines whether to close the motor of driving shaft 20 and the infrared emission sensor 49 of each detection unit 53
With infrared receiver sensor 51；
D, droplet dehydration and recovery stage:
Droplet 54 into reclaiming chamber 5 is collected by inclined-plane funnel 4 by pesticide recycling box 2, avoids pesticide to soil environment
It pollutes；
Into in the droplet 54 of elution chamber 27, a part is deposited in the side wall for eluting chamber 27 and reclaiming chamber partition 9 and washes
On de- chamber partition 26, and slide along elution 27 side wall of chamber and reclaiming chamber partition 9 and elution chamber partition 26 to water fender 17,
Droplet on water fender 17 is then flowed into the pesticide recycling box 2 in droplet reclaiming chamber 5 along water fender 17 by drainage gallery 8；
Another part droplet 54 is deposited on the epipelagic zone of polyester transparent transmission belt 33；Polyester transparent transmission belt 33 enters inspection
Chamber 35 is surveyed, after droplet infrared detection mechanism 23, cotton roller 34 is dehydrated by level-one and carries out level-one dehydration；Polyester transparent passes
Defeated band 33 continues movement and returns to elution chamber 27 by test chamber 35, is dehydrated cotton roller 15 by second level and carries out second level dehydration.
The step a includes the following steps:
Before a1, detection, multiple filter paper are horizontally arranged in the top of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device
Around the elution chamber droplet acquisition port 21 of plate 24；The size of the filter paper is identical as the elution size of chamber droplet acquisition port 21；
N times activity duration t is carried out using standard equipment for plant protectionmThe titer spraying operation of (m=1 ... N, N >=3),
In, activity duration tmIt is incremented by successively；
After a2, each titer spraying operation, every filter paper is detected using spectrophotometer elution method: will
Filter paper is collected into dry sampling bottle, and the dilution of 100mL, the titer that will be deposited on filter paper with vibrating screen are added in bottle
Droplet elutes, then the titer droplet concentration by depositing on filter paper in spectrophotometric determination liquid, is counted using formula 1
The Droplet deposition on every filter paper is calculated, is then averaged, the Droplet deposition of N number of different time length is finally obtained；
Wherein:
βdepFor Droplet deposition, unit is μ L；
ρsmplFor the reading for the spectrophotometer that standard liquid mist on filter paper is dripped；
ρblkIt is read for the spectrophotometer of blank control；
ViiFor the volume of the dilution of the titer for eluting filter paper collection, unit l；
ρsprayFor the concentration of the titer of standard equipment for plant protection sprinkling, unit g/l；
FcalFor correction factor；
After a3, each titer spraying operation, while opening on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device
Droplet infrared detection mechanism 23 each detection unit 53 infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor 51, to polyester
Droplet 54 on transparent transmission band 33 is detected, and the photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit 53 senses infrared receiver
The droplet infrared light supply strength signal that device 51 receives is sent to MCU master control borad after being converted to level-one droplet voltage analog signal,
The level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion of each detection unit 53 is level-one droplet voltage digital signal by MCU master control borad,
Finally obtain the level-one droplet voltage digital signal of N number of different time length；
A4, the N number of different time for obtaining the Droplet deposition of the step a2 N number of different time length obtained and step a3
The level-one droplet voltage digital signal of length carries out fitting of a polynomial, to establish the electricity of Droplet deposition and voltage digital signal
The relation curve of pressure, and then determine Ratio for error modification k.
In the step c, under spray head abrasion detection mode, meter of the MCU master control borad to level-one droplet voltage digital signal
Calculation process is as follows:
Firstly, MCU master control borad is filtered this Earth noise of level-one droplet voltage digital signal, then to level-one droplet
The voltage of voltage digital signal is sampled, when MCU master control borad samples the voltage per unit of level-one droplet voltage digital signal
Between sampling 100 times in T；According to the Ratio for error modification k determined in step a, is calculated by formula 2 and obtain spray head abrasion detection mould
The Droplet deposition of the unit sampling time T of formula, then the polyester transparent obtained in not commensurate's sampling time is calculated by formula 3
The Droplet deposition standard deviation of different location in transmission belt 33 calculates finally by formula 4 and obtains spray head abrasion distribution variation
Coefficient:
In formula, MTFor the Droplet deposition in unit sampling time, k is the Ratio for error modification determined in step a, and T is single
In the position sampling time, n is sampling number, VnFor n-th sample voltage value；
In formula, CVnozDistribution variation coefficient is worn for spray head；SnozFor the polyester transparent transmission in not commensurate's sampling time
Droplet deposition standard deviation with the different location on 33；In polyester transparent transmission belt 33 for not commensurate's sampling time
Different location Droplet deposition average value；For the difference in the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 in not commensurate's sampling time
The Droplet deposition of position；I is the number in unit sampling time.
In the step c, under Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern, MCU master control borad is to level-one droplet voltage digital
The calculating process of signal is as follows:
Firstly, MCU master control borad is filtered this Earth noise of level-one droplet voltage digital signal, then to level-one droplet
The voltage of voltage digital signal is sampled, when MCU master control borad samples the voltage per unit of level-one droplet voltage digital signal
Between sampling 100 times in T；According to the Ratio for error modification k determined in step a, it is uniform that acquisition Droplet deposition is calculated by formula 5
The Droplet deposition of property detection pattern:
MsFor the Droplet deposition on unit area, k is the Ratio for error modification determined in step a, TiIt was detected for droplet
I-th of unit sampling time in journey, n are sampling number, VnFor n-th sample voltage value, A is to deposit to polyester transparent transmission belt
The area of droplet on 33 is definite value.
The on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection method further comprises being administered overall region to equipment for plant protection
Droplet deposition distributing homogeneity detection: multiple on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection devices are arranged in
The different location in spraying operation region obtains the Droplet deposition of the different location in spraying operation region, is calculated and is sprayed by formula 6
Then the Droplet deposition standard deviation of the different location of mist operating area is calculated by formula 7 and obtains spraying operation region intrinsic fog
Drip deposition distribution variation coefficient:
In formula, CVdepFor Droplet deposition distribution variation coefficient, unit % in spraying operation region；SdepIt is spraying
The Droplet deposition standard deviation of the different location of operating area；For the Droplet deposition of the different location in spraying operation region
Average value；For the Droplet deposition of the different location in spraying operation region；J is the different location positioned at spraying operation region
On-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device total number.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention can deposition data to droplet quickly obtain in real time and continuous on-line detection, by the parameter come quasi-
True inverting mist droplet deposition property dependent parameter, such as Droplet deposition are evenly distributed the coefficient of variation, coverage rate, drift rate, solve
The problems such as troublesome operation process of offline inspection and low the data precision caused by cannot continuously detecting, high degree of automation, inspection
It surveys high-efficient, and is able to achieve repeatedly continuous droplet acquisition, overcomes the troublesome operation drawback of processed offline test result, reduce labor
Error caused by fatigue resistance and artificial processing, on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device of the invention is in fog machine
It can be realized the quick obtaining of the Droplet deposition data to equipment for plant protection application regional area during tool spraying operation, thus
The spraying validity for evaluating equipment for plant protection application regional area may be simultaneously used for the sprayability of the spray head of detection equipment for plant protection
Can, when the pulverability of spray head changes, spray head can be replaced in time；In equipment for plant protection application regional scope
Multiple detection devices are set, then can measure the Droplet deposition distributing homogeneity of equipment for plant protection application overall region.
In terms of plant protection drone aerial sprays and ground plant protection, the present invention can be according to Droplet deposition and different zones
Interior Droplet deposition distribution variation coefficient optimizes flight parameter and spray parameters.
In terms of evaluating spray head superiority and inferiority, pass through the distribution variation situation of the Droplet deposition on the different unit time, this hair
The bright abrasion condition that can detecte spray head preferably provides reference to spray head.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of droplet infrared detection mechanism 23；
Fig. 3 is the overlooking structure diagram of droplet infrared detection mechanism 23；
Fig. 4 is droplet infrared detection schematic illustration of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of tensioning apparatus 11 of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the relation curve of the deposition of droplet of the present invention and the voltage of voltage order one digital signal.
Appended drawing reference therein are as follows:
1 droplet is collected and elution 2 pesticide recycling box of camera bellows
3 inclined-plane funnel slideway, 4 inclined-plane funnel
5 droplet reclaiming chamber, 6 reclaiming chamber droplet acquisition port
7 infrared imaging sensor, 8 drainage gallery
The "T"-shaped plate of 9 reclaiming chamber partition 10
11 tensioning apparatus, 12 third driven shaft
13 lower 14 pivoted arms of delivery port
15 second levels are dehydrated 16 transmission belt mouth of cotton roller
17 water fender, 18 tensioned limit switch
19 belt slack limit switch, 20 driving shaft
Delivery port in 21 elution chamber droplet acquisition ports 22
23 droplet infrared detection mechanism, 24 top plate
25 water fender slideways 26 elute chamber partition
27 elution 28 second driven shafts of chamber
29 bottom plate, 30 Zigbee network device box
32 first driven shaft, 33 polyester transparent transmission belt
34 level-ones are dehydrated 35 test chamber of cotton roller
36 spring clip, 37 smooth shaft
38 cylinder casing, 39 holddown spring
40 cylinder clip, 42 locknut
43 first hinge seat, 44 link arm
45 second hinge seat, 46 third hinge seat
47 " u "-shaped card pipe, 48 transfer roller axis
49 infrared emission sensor, 50 detection mouth
51 infrared receiver sensors 52 detect camera bellows
53 detection unit, 54 droplet
55 Hall sensor, 56 magnetic sheet
Arrow direction is the direction of motion of polyester transparent transmission belt 33
Specific embodiment
Invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device, including droplet are collected and elution camera bellows
1, infrared imaging sensor 7, droplet infrared detection mechanism 23, polyester transparent transmission belt 33 and Zigbee network device box 30.
The droplet, which is collected, includes top plate 24 and bottom plate 29 with elution camera bellows 1, vertical between the top plate 24 and bottom plate 29
Ground is connected with reclaiming chamber partition 9 and elution chamber partition 26.Droplet collect with elution camera bellows 1 be recovered chamber partition 9 and elute chamber every
Plate 26 is divided into three chambers: droplet reclaiming chamber 5, elution chamber 27 and test chamber 35, wherein droplet reclaiming chamber 5 and elution chamber
It is separated between 27 by reclaiming chamber partition 9, elutes and separated between chamber 27 and test chamber 35 by eluting chamber partition 26.
The corresponding top plate 24 of the droplet reclaiming chamber 5 is equipped with reclaiming chamber droplet acquisition port 6, is equipped in droplet reclaiming chamber 5
The bottom of pesticide recycling box 2, the pesticide recycling box 2 is located on bottom plate 29.
The infrared imaging sensor 7 is fixed on the side wall or reclaiming chamber partition 9 of droplet reclaiming chamber 5, in vertical direction
Between reclaiming chamber droplet acquisition port 6 and pesticide recycling box 2, for detecting whether there is droplet landing.
Preferably, the top of the pesticide recycling box 2 is equipped with inclined-plane funnel 4.Further, the inclined-plane funnel 4 is logical
It crosses the inclined-plane funnel slideway 3 being arranged on the side wall and reclaiming chamber partition 9 of droplet reclaiming chamber 5 and is removably mounted on droplet reclaiming chamber
In 5.
The corresponding top plate 24 of the elution chamber 27 is equipped with elution chamber droplet acquisition port 21.
Zigbee network device box 30 is equipped in test chamber 35, the bottom of the Zigbee network device box 30 is located at bottom plate
On 29.
The active rotated by motor driven is respectively equipped on the side wall of the same side of the elution chamber 27 and test chamber 35
Axis 20, first driven shaft 32, second driven shaft 28 and third driven shaft 12；Wherein, the driving shaft 20 and third driven shaft 12
It is located at the upper and lower part of the side wall of elution chamber 27, the first driven shaft 32 and second driven shaft 28 are located at detection
The upper and lower part of the side wall of chamber 35.
The polyester transparent transmission belt 33 be set in driving shaft 20, first driven shaft 32, second driven shaft 28 and third from
On moving axis 12, so that polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is divided into the continuous part of following four along its direction of motion: including washing
In de- chamber 27 and in the epipelagic zone of the part in test chamber 35, the first side band in test chamber 35 including elution chamber 27
Underlying band with the part in test chamber 35 and the second side band in elution chamber 27.Wherein, the epipelagic zone is being washed
Part in de- chamber 27 is located at the lower section of elution chamber droplet acquisition port 21.
The upper and lower part of the elution chamber partition 26 offers delivery port 22 and lower delivery port 13, the polyester respectively
The epipelagic zone of transparent transmission band 33 is passed through from upper delivery port 22, and underlying band is passed through from lower delivery port 13.
The outside of the first side band of the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is equipped with the appearance face contact of one with first side band
Level-one be dehydrated cotton roller 34, for 33 surface of polyester transparent transmission belt droplet carry out primary dewatering processing.
The outside of the second side band of the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is equipped with the appearance face contact of one with second side band
Second level be dehydrated cotton roller 15, carry out deep dehydration and drying process for the droplet to 33 surface of polyester transparent transmission belt.
Droplet infrared detection mechanism 23 is fixed in test chamber 35, positioned at the epipelagic zone of polyester transparent transmission belt 33
Underface, for the online real time scan of droplet to 33 surface of polyester transparent transmission belt, the analog quantity after droplet is acquired switchs to
Digital signal, it is final to realize the detection of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics.
Preferably, it inside the elution chamber 27, elutes and is connected with one between chamber partition 26 and reclaiming chamber partition 9 positioned at second level
It is dehydrated the inclined water fender 17 of 15 top of cotton roller, the water fender 17 will elute chamber 27 and be divided into two parts up and down, wherein
Water fender 17 and the connecting pin for eluting chamber partition 26 are high-end, are low side with the connecting pin of reclaiming chamber partition 9.The water fender 17
Middle part open up a transmission belt mouth 16, the second side band of the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 in the transmission belt mouth 16 by wearing
It crosses, and is mutually perpendicular to water fender 17.One, which is provided with, with the junction of water fender 17 on the reclaiming chamber partition 9 is located at pesticide recycling
The drainage gallery 8 of the top of box 2.The droplet 54 entered by elution chamber droplet acquisition port 21 largely drops to polyester transparent biography
On the epipelagic zone of defeated band 33, remaining fraction can then be dropped on the side wall of elution chamber 27, and be slid along elution 27 side wall of chamber
It is collected on water fender 17, the droplet collected on water fender 17 then flows into droplet reclaiming chamber 5 by drainage gallery 8 along water fender 17
In interior pesticide recycling box 2.
Further, the water fender 17 is sliding by the water fender being arranged on elution chamber partition 26 and reclaiming chamber partition 9
Road 25 is removably installed.
Preferably, the level-one dehydration cotton roller 34 or second level dehydration cotton roller 15 are arranged on tensioning apparatus 11, to polyester
Lasting tensile force is provided while transparent transmission band 33 is dehydrated for polyester transparent transmission belt 33.
Preferably, the spring clip that the pesticide recycling box 2 and Zigbee network device box 30 are arranged by respective bottom
36 are removably installed with the mutual cooperation of "T"-shaped plate 10 being arranged on bottom plate 29.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, droplet infrared detection mechanism 23 includes detection camera bellows 52, and is located at detection camera bellows
MCU master control borad and multiple detection units 53 inside 52.The upper surface of the detection camera bellows 52 is equipped with and elution chamber droplet acquisition
The identical detection mouth 50 of size of mouth 21.The conveying direction structure of epipelagic zone of multiple detection units 53 along polyester transparent transmission belt 33
It is arranged at multiple rows of detection unit, 53 interlaced arrangement of detection unit of adjacent detection unit row.Each detection unit 53 includes red
Outer emission sensor 49, infrared receiver sensor 51 and photo signal voltage transmission module, the infrared emission sensor 49 and red
Outer receiving sensor 51 towards the top of detection mouth 50 polyester transparent transmission belt 33 epipelagic zone, and the two is relative to polyester transparent
The normal of transmission belt 33 is symmetrically arranged；Angle between infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor 51 is 84 °
~126 °.
The droplet infrared light that the photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit 53 receives infrared receiver sensor 51
Source strength signal is sent to MCU master control borad after being converted to level-one droplet voltage analog signal.MCU master control borad is by each detection unit 53
Level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion be level-one droplet voltage digital signal, and to level-one droplet voltage digital signal
It is calculated, obtains a second level droplet voltage digital signal, be uploaded to controlling terminal finally by Zigbee network device 30
It is monitored, it is final to realize the detection of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics.In spray head abrasion detection mode, the second level mist
Dripping voltage digital signal is that spray head wears distribution variation coefficient；In Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern, the second level mist
Dripping voltage digital signal is the Droplet deposition on unit area.
The top of lower delivery port 13 on the elution chamber partition 26 is equipped with a Hall sensor 55；The polyester transparent passes
The side edge of defeated band 33 is connected with a magnetic sheet 56；The Hall sensor 55 carries out pulse detection to magnetic sheet 56, and polyester transparent passes
Defeated every one circle of movement of band 33, Hall sensor 55 are detected by a pulse, record the movement circle number of polyester transparent transmission belt 33.
As shown in figure 4, the infrared light issued from infrared emission sensor 49 is transmitted with an angle direct projection to polyester transparent
Band 33 simultaneously reflects.The refractive index of air is 1, and the refractive index of water is 1.33, and the refractive index of polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is
1.5.Be calculated according to the law of refraction of light, light from the critical angle that polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is incident on air be 42 °, from poly-
The critical angle that ester transparent transmission band 33 is incident on water is 63 °.Between [42 °, 63 °], if the detection in polyester transparent transmission belt 33
In region, land in the sphere of action of infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor 51 without droplet 54, infrared light will be
The interface of polyester transparent transmission belt 33 and air occurs to be totally reflected and received by infrared receiver sensor 51；If polyester transparent is transmitted
With in the detection zone on 33, there is the drop of droplet 54 in the sphere of action of infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor 51
It falls, and the incidence angle of infrared light, in [42 °, 63 °] section, the interface of polyester transparent transmission belt 33 and droplet 54 occurs refraction and leads
The scattering for causing light, the reflected light for causing infrared receiver sensor 51 to receive weaken.Feel thus according to infrared receiver sensor 51
The power that signal should be reflected is converted into the variation of electric current, and closes to the variation of electric current and Droplet deposition size founding mathematical models
System accurately assesses mist droplet deposition characterisitic parameter by the mathematical model.
Preferably, second level dehydration cotton roller 15 and tensioning apparatus 11 be combined into polyester transparent transmission belt 33 provide it is lasting
Tensile force, as shown in figure 5, the tensioning apparatus 11 includes the first axle being from top to bottom successively fixed on reclaiming chamber partition 9
Seat 43, second hinge seat 45 and third hinge seat 46 and smooth shaft 37, cylinder casing 38, holddown spring 39, cylinder clip
40, pivoted arm 14 and link arm 44；The first hinge seat 43, second hinge seat 45 and third hinge seat 46 all have a horizontal pin.
The cylinder clip 40, holddown spring 39 and cylinder casing 38 are successively slidably socketed from top to bottom in smooth shaft 37
On, the top and bottom of the holddown spring 39 are affixed with cylinder clip 40 and cylinder casing 38 respectively, the cylinder clip 40
It is fixed in smooth shaft 37 by locknut 42.The top and bottom of the smooth shaft 37 pass through horizontal pin respectively and are mounted on
On one hinge seat 43 and second hinge seat 45.
One end of the pivoted arm 14 is mounted on third hinge seat 46 by horizontal pin, the affixed " u "-shaped card pipe of the other end
47." u "-shaped card pipe 47 is equipped with a transfer roller axis 48, and the second level dehydration cotton roller 15 is mounted on transfer roller axis 48.
One end of the link arm 44 is rotatably connected in cylinder casing 38, and the other end is rotatably connected on the middle part of pivoted arm 14.
The MCU master control borad is obtained by Zigbee network device box 30 and is instructed by the detection pattern that controlling terminal is sent,
Select spray head abrasion detection mode or Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern.
MCU master control borad receives the pulse signal that infrared imaging sensor 7 is sent, and is sent according to infrared imaging sensor 7
Pulse signal control driving shaft 20 motor open and each detection unit 53 infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver
Sensor 51 is opened.The MCU master control borad receives the pulse signal that Hall sensor 55 is sent, and is sent out according to Hall sensor 55
The pulse signal sent determines whether to control the closing of the motor of driving shaft 20 and the infrared emission sensor of each detection unit 53
49 and infrared receiver sensor 51 closing.
The pulse signal that the infrared imaging sensor 7 is sent includes low level pulse signal and high level pulse signal；
After infrared imaging sensor 7 is opened, when droplet landing is not detected, continue to send low level pulse signal to MCU master control borad；
When having detected droplet landing, infrared imaging sensor 7 sends high level pulse signal to MCU master control borad.
Preferably, the on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device further comprises transmission belt tensioning alarming machine
Structure, the transmission belt tensioning alarm mechanism includes tensioned limit switch 18 and belt slack limit switch 19, the spring
The edge of the transmission belt mouth 16 of water fender 17 is arranged in tensioning limiting switch 18 and belt slack limit switch 19, wherein bullet
Spring tensioning limiting switch 18 is located at the outside of the second side band of polyester transparent transmission belt 33, and belt slack limit switch 19 is located at
The inside of the second side band of polyester transparent transmission belt 33.
Since tensioning apparatus 11 and second level dehydration cotton roller 15 are that polyester transparent transmission belt 33 provides lasting tensile force, and gathers
The second side band of ester transparent transmission band 33 is passed through from the transmission belt mouth 16 at 17 middle part of water fender, and is mutually hung down with water fender 17
Directly.If 33 aging of polyester transparent transmission belt relaxation, the second side band of polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is in tensioning apparatus 11 and two
It is deviated inwardly under the action of the tensile force that grade dehydration cotton roller 15 provides, and triggers belt slack limit switch 19, at this time belt
The relaxation meeting of limit switch 19 return signal gives MCU master control borad, and MCU master control borad can be sent signal by Zigbee network device 30
To controlling terminal, user is reminded to replace the impaired polyester transparent transmission belt 33 of failure in time.If tensioning apparatus 11 and second level are de-
Water cotton roller 15 is that the tensile force that polyester transparent transmission belt 33 provides is insufficient, and the second side band of polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is outward
Offset, and tensioned limit switch 18 is triggered, the meeting of tensioned limit switch 18 return signal gives MCU master control borad, MCU at this time
Master control borad can send controlling terminal by Zigbee network device box 30 for signal, and user is reminded to adjust tensioning apparatus 11 in time
Tensile force or replace aging holddown spring 39.
It is a kind of special using the on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition of above-mentioned on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device
Property detection method, includes the following steps:
A, the relational model of the voltage of Droplet deposition and voltage order one digital signal is established:
Before detection, the mist of spectrophotometer elution method and on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device is respectively adopted
The drop infrared detection mechanism 23 titer droplet sample incremented by successively to multiple mist droplet deposition times detects, and obtains respectively more
The level-one droplet voltage digital signal of the Droplet deposition of a different time length and multiple and different time spans, it is quasi- through multinomial
After conjunction, the relation curve of the voltage of Droplet deposition and voltage digital signal is established, so that it is determined that Ratio for error modification k；
A1, the top plate 24 that 4 filter paper are horizontally arranged in on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device are washed
The surrounding of de- chamber droplet acquisition port 21；The size of the filter paper is identical as the elution size of chamber droplet acquisition port 21；
N times activity duration t is carried out using standard equipment for plant protectionmThe titer spraying operation of (m=1 ... N, N >=3),
In, activity duration tmIt is incremented by successively；
After a2, each titer spraying operation, every filter paper is detected using spectrophotometer elution method: will
Filter paper is collected into dry sampling bottle, and the dilution (distilled water) of 100mL is added in bottle, will be deposited on filter paper with vibrating screen
Titer droplet elute, then the titer droplet concentration by being deposited on filter paper in spectrophotometric determination liquid, benefit
The Droplet deposition on every filter paper is calculated with formula (1), is then averaged, finally obtains the mist of N number of different time length
Drip deposition；
Wherein:
βdepFor Droplet deposition, unit is μ L；
ρsmplFor the reading for the spectrophotometer that standard liquid mist on filter paper is dripped；
ρblkIt is read for the spectrophotometer of blank control；
ViiFor the volume of the dilution of the titer for eluting filter paper collection, unit l；
ρsprayFor the concentration of the titer of standard equipment for plant protection sprinkling, unit g/l；
FcalFor correction factor.
After a3, each titer spraying operation, while opening on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device
Droplet infrared detection mechanism 23 each detection unit 53 infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor 51, to polyester
Droplet on transparent transmission band 33 is detected, and the photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit 53 is by infrared receiver sensor
The 51 droplet infrared light supply strength signals received are sent to MCU master control borad, MCU after being converted to level-one droplet voltage analog signal
The level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion of each detection unit 53 is level-one droplet voltage digital signal by master control borad, finally
Obtain the level-one droplet voltage digital signal of N number of different time length；
A4, n different time for obtaining the Droplet deposition of the step a2 N number of different time length obtained and step a3
The level-one droplet voltage digital signal of length carries out fitting of a polynomial, to establish the electricity of Droplet deposition and voltage digital signal
The relation curve of pressure, and then determine Ratio for error modification k, as shown in Figure 6；
The titer be 0.5g/L cochineal solution or methylene blue solution, 24 ° of spray test environment temperature, humidity
It is 22%.
Preferably, in activity duration tmWhen repeatedly titer spraying operation, take mean value.
B, detection pattern selection and droplet detection phase:
On-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device is placed in the spraying operation area of field pesticides flusher
In domain, the field pesticides flusher includes plot spraying equipment and/or unmanned aerial vehicle onboard sprayer；MCU master control borad passes through
Zigbee network device box 30 is obtained to be instructed by the detection pattern that controlling terminal is sent, and selects spray head abrasion detection mode or droplet
Deposition uniformity detection pattern；
Field pesticides flusher starts spraying operation, and droplet 54 collects the reclaiming chamber droplet with elution camera bellows 1 from droplet
Acquisition port 6 and elution chamber droplet acquisition port 21 respectively enter droplet reclaiming chamber 5 and elution chamber 27.It is infrared in droplet reclaiming chamber 5
Imaging sensor 7 in real time detects the droplet of landing 54, and sends pulse signal to MCU master control borad.
Under spray head abrasion detection mode, when there is droplet sedimentation, MCU master control borad receives the hair of infrared imaging sensor 7
The pulse signal sent becomes high level pulse signal from low level pulse signal, and the motor of control driving shaft 20 is opened and each inspection
The infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor 51 for surveying unit 53 are opened；
Under Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern, after droplet sedimentation, MCU master control borad receives infrared imaging
The pulse signal that sensor 7 is sent becomes low level pulse signal from high level pulse signal, and the motor of control driving shaft 20 is opened
It opens and the infrared emission sensor 49 of each detection unit 53 and infrared receiver sensor 51 is opened；
C, mist droplet deposition detection-phase:
Driving shaft 20 under the drive of the motor, uniform rotation clockwise, drive polyester transparent transmission belt 33 epipelagic zone by
It elutes chamber 27 to move to test chamber 35, the droplet 54 on the epipelagic zone for being deposited in polyester transparent transmission belt 33 is conveyed through droplet
The top of the detection mouth 50 of infrared detection mechanism 23；The infrared emission of each detection unit 53 of droplet infrared detection mechanism 23 senses
Device 49 emits infrared light supply, and infrared receiver sensor 51 receives the reflected droplet infrared light source strength of polyester transparent transmission belt 33
Spend signal；
The droplet infrared light that the photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit 53 receives infrared receiver sensor 51
Source strength signal, which is converted to, is sent to MCU master control borad after level-one droplet voltage analog signal, and MCU master control borad is by each detection unit 53
Level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion be level-one droplet voltage digital signal, and to level-one droplet voltage digital signal
It is calculated, obtains a second level droplet voltage digital signal, be uploaded to controlling terminal finally by Zigbee network device 30
It is monitored.
The Hall sensor 55 carries out pulse detection, the MCU master control to the magnetic sheet 56 in polyester transparent transmission belt 33
Plate receives the pulse signal that Hall sensor 55 is sent, when the MCU master control borad receives the pulse of the transmission of Hall sensor 55
When signal, MCU master control borad determines whether to close the motor of driving shaft 20 and the infrared emission sensor 49 of each detection unit 53
With infrared receiver sensor 51.
Under spray head abrasion detection mode, MCU master control borad is as follows to the calculating process of level-one droplet voltage digital signal:
Firstly, MCU master control borad is filtered this Earth noise of level-one droplet voltage digital signal, then to level-one droplet
The voltage of voltage digital signal is sampled, when MCU master control borad samples the voltage per unit of level-one droplet voltage digital signal
Between sampling 100 times in T；According to the Ratio for error modification k determined in step a, is calculated by formula (2) and obtain spray head abrasion detection
The Droplet deposition of the unit sampling time T of mode, then the polyester obtained in not commensurate's sampling time is calculated by formula (3)
The Droplet deposition standard deviation of different location on transparent transmission band 33 calculates finally by formula (4) and obtains spray head abrasion point
The cloth coefficient of variation:
In formula, MTFor the Droplet deposition in unit sampling time, k is the Ratio for error modification determined in step a, and T is single
In the position sampling time, n is sampling number, VnFor n-th sample voltage value；
In formula, CVnozDistribution variation coefficient is worn for spray head；SnozFor the polyester transparent transmission in not commensurate's sampling time
Droplet deposition standard deviation with the different location on 33；In polyester transparent transmission belt 33 for not commensurate's sampling time
Different location Droplet deposition average value；For the difference in the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 in not commensurate's sampling time
The Droplet deposition of position；I is the number in unit sampling time.
It is very consistent that spray head, which wears distribution variation coefficient less than 10% spraying distribution,；Spray head wears distribution variation system
Spraying distribution between number 10% and 15% can receive or be able to use；Spray head wears the spray that distribution variation coefficient is greater than 15%
Mist distribution is not available then, needs in time to replace spray head.
Under Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern, calculating of the MCU master control borad to level-one droplet voltage digital signal
Journey is as follows:
Firstly, MCU master control borad is filtered this Earth noise of level-one droplet voltage digital signal, then to level-one droplet
The voltage of voltage digital signal is sampled, when MCU master control borad samples the voltage per unit of level-one droplet voltage digital signal
Between sampling 100 times in T；According to the Ratio for error modification k determined in step a, it is equal that acquisition Droplet deposition is calculated by formula (5)
The Droplet deposition of even property detection pattern:
MsFor the Droplet deposition on unit area, k is the Ratio for error modification determined in step a, TiIt was detected for droplet
I-th of unit sampling time in journey, n are sampling number, VnFor n-th sample voltage value, A is to deposit to polyester transparent transmission belt
The area of droplet on 33 is definite value.
Equipment for plant protection is administered the quick obtaining of the Droplet deposition data of regional area, to evaluate equipment for plant protection application office
The spraying validity in portion region, pesticide application validity whether, depend on effective deposition of the pesticide on crops (target), when
MsWhen ≈ D, can meeting spraying operation requirement, (D deposits to the state on Different Crop unit area during referring to pesticide application
Family's standard pesticide amount of spraying).
Described Earth noise is some disturbance fluctuations present in the voltage of voltage digital signal, these disturbance fluctuations can make
There are some deviations for the processing result of MCU master control borad, and therefore, MCU master control borad can be filtered operation to the noise section.
D, droplet dehydration and recovery stage:
Droplet 54 into reclaiming chamber 5 is collected by inclined-plane funnel 4 by pesticide recycling box 2, avoids pesticide to soil environment
It pollutes；
Into in the droplet 54 of elution chamber 27, a part is deposited in the side wall for eluting chamber 27 and reclaiming chamber partition 9 and washes
On de- chamber partition 26, and slide along elution 27 side wall of chamber and reclaiming chamber partition 9 and elution chamber partition 26 to water fender 17,
Droplet on water fender 17 is then flowed into the pesticide recycling box 2 in droplet reclaiming chamber 5 along water fender 17 by drainage gallery 8；
Another part droplet 54 is deposited on the epipelagic zone of polyester transparent transmission belt 33.Polyester transparent transmission belt 33 enters inspection
Chamber 35 is surveyed, after droplet infrared detection mechanism 23, cotton roller 34 is dehydrated by level-one and carries out level-one dehydration；Polyester transparent passes
Defeated band 33 continues movement and returns to elution chamber 27 by test chamber 35, is dehydrated cotton roller 15 by second level and carries out second level dehydration.By
Polyester transparent transmission belt 33 after dehydration can remove the droplet 54 being deposited in polyester transparent transmission belt 33, guarantee next
The accuracy of secondary mist droplet deposition detection.
Preferably, in the droplet dehydration and recovery stage of step d, in order to guarantee the accurate of mist droplet deposition detection next time
Property, after the MCU master control borad receives multiple pulse signals that Hall sensor 55 is sent, close the motor of driving shaft 20 and each
The infrared emission sensor 49 and infrared receiver sensor 51 of detection unit 53 are dehydrated cotton roller 34 by level-one and second level are dehydrated
Cotton roller 15 carries out multiple dehydration to polyester transparent transmission belt 33, the polyester transparent transmission belt 33 after multiple dehydration
The droplet 54 being deposited in polyester transparent transmission belt 33 can be further removed, is further ensured that mist droplet deposition detection next time
Accuracy.
Preferably, on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection method of the invention, further comprises to equipment for plant protection
It is administered the detection of the Droplet deposition distributing homogeneity of overall region: multiple on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics being detected and are filled
The different location for being arranged in spraying operation region is set, the Droplet deposition of the different location in spraying operation region is obtained, is led to
The Droplet deposition standard deviation that formula (6) calculate the different location in spraying operation region is crossed, is then calculated and is obtained by formula (7)
Droplet deposition distribution variation coefficient in spraying operation region:
In formula, CVdepFor Droplet deposition distribution variation coefficient, unit % in spraying operation region；SdepIt is spraying
The Droplet deposition standard deviation of the different location of operating area；Droplet deposition for the different location in spraying operation region is flat
Mean value；For the Droplet deposition of the different location in spraying operation region；J is the different location positioned at spraying operation region
The total number of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device.
Droplet deposition distribution variation coefficient is very consistent, Droplet deposition distribution change less than 15% spraying distribution
Spraying distribution between different coefficient 15% and 25% can receive or be able to use, and Droplet deposition distribution variation coefficient is greater than
25% distributed model is not available then, needs to optimize flight parameter and spray parameters.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device, it is characterised in that: the device includes that droplet is collected and washed
De- camera bellows (1), infrared imaging sensor (7), droplet infrared detection mechanism (23), polyester transparent transmission belt (33) and Zigbee group
Net device box (30)；
It includes top plate (24) and bottom plate (29) that the droplet, which is collected with elution camera bellows (1), the top plate (24) and bottom plate (29) it
Between be vertically connected with reclaiming chamber partition (9) and elution chamber partition (26)；Droplet, which is collected, is recovered chamber partition with elution camera bellows (1)
(9) and elution chamber partition (26) is divided into three chambers: droplet reclaiming chamber (5), elution chamber (27) and test chamber (35)；Its
In, it is separated between droplet reclaiming chamber (5) and elution chamber (27) by reclaiming chamber partition (9), elution chamber (27) and test chamber (35)
Between by elute chamber partition (26) separate；
The corresponding top plate (24) of the droplet reclaiming chamber (5) is equipped with reclaiming chamber droplet acquisition port (6), in droplet reclaiming chamber (5)
Equipped with pesticide recycling box (2)；
The infrared imaging sensor (7) is fixed on the side wall or reclaiming chamber partition (9) of droplet reclaiming chamber (5), in vertical side
To between reclaiming chamber droplet acquisition port (6) and pesticide recycling box (2)；
The corresponding top plate (24) of the elution chamber (27) is equipped with elution chamber droplet acquisition port (21)；
Zigbee network device box (30) is equipped in test chamber (35)；
The active rotated by motor driven is respectively equipped on the side wall of the same side of elution chamber (27) and test chamber (35)
Axis (20), first driven shaft (32), second driven shaft (28) and third driven shaft (12)；Wherein, the driving shaft (20) and
Three driven shafts (12) be located at elution chamber (27) side wall upper and lower part, the first driven shaft (32) and second from
Moving axis (28) is located at the upper and lower part of the side wall of test chamber (35)；
The polyester transparent transmission belt (33) is set in driving shaft (20), first driven shaft (32), second driven shaft (28) and
On three driven shafts (12), so that polyester transparent transmission belt (33) is divided into the continuous portion of following four along its direction of motion
Point: including elution chamber (27) in and test chamber (35) in part epipelagic zone, be located at test chamber (35) in first side band,
Underlying band including the part in elution chamber (27) and in test chamber (35) and the second side band in elution chamber (27)；
Wherein, part of the epipelagic zone in elution chamber (27) is located at the lower section of elution chamber droplet acquisition port (21)；
The upper and lower part of elution chamber partition (26) offers delivery port (22) and lower delivery port (13) respectively, described poly-
The epipelagic zone of ester transparent transmission band (33) is passed through from upper delivery port (22), and underlying band is passed through from lower delivery port (13)；
The outside of the first side band of the polyester transparent transmission belt (33) is equipped with one and the appearance face contact of first side band
Level-one is dehydrated cotton roller (34)；
The outside of the second side band of the polyester transparent transmission belt (33) is equipped with one and the appearance face contact of second side band
Second level is dehydrated cotton roller (15)；
Droplet infrared detection mechanism (23) is fixed in test chamber (35), is located at the epipelagic zone of polyester transparent transmission belt (33)
Underface；
The top of lower delivery port (13) on elution chamber partition (26) is equipped with a Hall sensor (55)；The polyester transparent
The side edge of transmission belt (33) is connected with a magnetic sheet (56)；The Hall sensor (55) carries out pulse detection to magnetic sheet (56)；
Droplet infrared detection mechanism (23) includes detection camera bellows (52), and is located at the internal MCU master of detection camera bellows (52)
Control plate and multiple detection units (53)；The upper surface of detection camera bellows (52) is equipped with the ruler with elution chamber droplet acquisition port (21)
Very little identical detection mouth (50)；The conveying direction of epipelagic zone of multiple detection units (53) along polyester transparent transmission belt (33) is constituted
Multiple rows of detection unit row, detection unit (53) interlaced arrangement of adjacent detection unit row；Each detection unit (53) includes
Infrared emission sensor (49), infrared receiver sensor (51) and photo signal voltage transmission module, the infrared emission sensor
(49) and epipelagic zone of the infrared receiver sensor (51) towards the polyester transparent transmission belt (33) above detection mouth (50), and the two
Normal relative to polyester transparent transmission belt (33) symmetrically arranges that the infrared emission sensor (49) and infrared receiver pass
Angle between sensor (51) is 84 °~126 °.
2. on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the MCU
Master control borad is obtained by Zigbee network device box (30) and is instructed by the detection pattern that controlling terminal is sent, and spray head abrasion inspection is selected
Survey mode or Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern；
MCU master control borad receives the pulse signal that infrared imaging sensor (7) are sent, and is sent according to infrared imaging sensor (7)
The motor of pulse signal control driving shaft (20) open and the infrared emission sensor (49) of each detection unit (53) and red
Outer receiving sensor (51) is opened；The MCU master control borad receives the pulse signal that Hall sensor (55) are sent, and according to Hall
Sensor (55) send pulse signal determine whether close driving shaft (20) motor and each detection unit (53) it is infrared
Emission sensor (49) and infrared receiver sensor (51)；The photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit (53) connects infrared
It receives after the droplet infrared light supply strength signal that sensor (51) receive is converted to level-one droplet voltage analog signal and is sent to MCU
Master control borad；The level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion of each detection unit (53) is level-one droplet voltage by MCU master control borad
Digital signal, and level-one droplet voltage digital signal is calculated, a second level droplet voltage digital signal is obtained, is finally led to
It crosses Zigbee network device (30) and is uploaded to controlling terminal and be monitored, it is final to realize the inspection of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics
It surveys.
3. on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the elution
Chamber (27) is internal, elutes and is connected with one between chamber partition (26) and reclaiming chamber partition (9) above second level dehydration cotton roller (15)
Inclined water fender (17), the water fender (17) will elute chamber (27) and be divided into two parts up and down, wherein water fender
(17) it is high-end with the connecting pin of elution chamber partition (26), is low side with the connecting pin of reclaiming chamber partition (9)；The water fender
(17) a transmission belt mouth (16) is opened up in the middle part of, the second side band of the polyester transparent transmission belt (33) is by the transmission belt mouth
(16) it passes through in, and is mutually perpendicular to water fender (17)；It is provided on the reclaiming chamber partition (9) with the junction of water fender (17)
One is located at the drainage gallery (8) of the top of pesticide recycling box (2).
4. on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the level-one
It is dehydrated cotton roller (34) or second level dehydration cotton roller (15) is arranged on tensioning apparatus (11)；The tensioning apparatus (11) include by up to
Under be successively fixed in first hinge seat (43), second hinge seat (45) and third hinge seat (46) on reclaiming chamber partition (9), with
And smooth shaft (37), cylinder casing (38), holddown spring (39), cylinder clip (40), pivoted arm (14) and link arm (44)；Described
One hinge seat (43), second hinge seat (45) and third hinge seat (46) all have a horizontal pin；
The cylinder clip (40), holddown spring (39) and cylinder casing (38) are successively slidably socketed in smooth shaft from top to bottom
(37) on, the top and bottom of the holddown spring (39) are affixed with cylinder clip (40) and cylinder casing (38) respectively, described
Cylinder clip (40) is fixed on smooth shaft (37) by locknut (42)；Distinguish the top and bottom of the smooth shaft (37)
It is mounted in first hinge seat (43) and second hinge seat (45) by horizontal pin；
One end of the pivoted arm (14) is mounted on third hinge seat (46) by horizontal pin, the affixed " u "-shaped card pipe of the other end
(47)；" u "-shaped card pipe (47) is equipped with a transfer roller axis (48), and second level dehydration cotton roller (15) is mounted on transfer roller axis (48)；
One end of the link arm (44) is rotatably connected on cylinder casing (38), and the other end is rotatably connected in pivoted arm (14)
Portion.
5. on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described online
Continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device further comprises transmission belt tensioning alarm mechanism, and the transmission belt is tensioned alarming machine
Structure includes tensioned limit switch (18) and belt slack limit switch (19), the tensioned limit switch (18) and skin
Belt sag limit switch (19) is arranged in the edge of the transmission belt mouth (16) of water fender (17), wherein tensioned limit is opened
The outside that (18) are located at the second side band of polyester transparent transmission belt (33) is closed, it is saturating that belt slack limit switch (19) is located at polyester
The inside of the second side band of bright transmission belt (33).
6. a kind of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device using as described in claim 1-5 any one
The continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection method of line, it is characterised in that: this method comprises the following steps:
A, the relational model of the voltage of Droplet deposition and voltage order one digital signal is established:
Before detection, the droplet that spectrophotometer elution method and on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device is respectively adopted is red
Outer testing agency (23) the titer droplet sample incremented by successively to multiple mist droplet deposition times detects, and obtains respectively multiple
The level-one droplet voltage digital signal of the Droplet deposition of different time length and multiple and different time spans, through fitting of a polynomial
Afterwards, the relation curve of the voltage of Droplet deposition and voltage digital signal is established, so that it is determined that Ratio for error modification k；
B, detection pattern selection and droplet detection phase:
On-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device is placed in the spraying operation region of field pesticides flusher,
MCU master control borad is obtained by Zigbee network device box (30) and is instructed by the detection pattern that controlling terminal is sent, and spray head mill is selected
Damage detection pattern or Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern；
Field pesticides flusher starts spraying operation, and droplet (54) collects the reclaiming chamber droplet with elution camera bellows (1) from droplet
Acquisition port (6) and elution chamber droplet acquisition port (21) respectively enter droplet reclaiming chamber (5) and elution chamber (27)；Droplet reclaiming chamber
(5) infrared imaging sensor (7) in real time detects the droplet of landing (54), and sends pulse letter to MCU master control borad
Number；
Under spray head abrasion detection mode, when there is droplet sedimentation, MCU master control borad receives infrared imaging sensor (7) transmission
Pulse signal high level pulse signal is become from low level pulse signal, the motor of control driving shaft (20) is opened and each inspection
The infrared emission sensor (49) and infrared receiver sensor (51) for surveying unit (53) are opened；
Under Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern, after droplet sedimentation, MCU master control borad receives infrared imaging sensing
The pulse signal that device (7) is sent becomes low level pulse signal from high level pulse signal, and the motor of control driving shaft (20) is opened
It opens and the infrared emission sensor (49) of each detection unit (53) and infrared receiver sensor (51) is opened；
C, mist droplet deposition detection-phase:
Driving shaft (20) under the drive of the motor, uniform rotation clockwise, drive polyester transparent transmission belt (33) epipelagic zone by
It elutes chamber (27) to move to test chamber (35), the droplet (54) on the epipelagic zone for being deposited in polyester transparent transmission belt (33) is conveyed
The top of detection mouth (50) by droplet infrared detection mechanism (23)；Each detection unit of droplet infrared detection mechanism (23)
(53) infrared emission sensor (49) emits infrared light supply, and infrared receiver sensor (51) receives polyester transparent transmission belt (33)
Reflected droplet infrared light supply strength signal；
The droplet infrared light that the photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit (53) receives infrared receiver sensor (51)
Source strength signal, which is converted to, is sent to MCU master control borad after level-one droplet voltage analog signal, and MCU master control borad is by each detection unit
(53) level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion is level-one droplet voltage digital signal, and to level-one droplet voltage digital
Signal is calculated, and a second level droplet voltage digital signal is obtained, and is uploaded to control finally by Zigbee network device (30)
Terminal processed is monitored；In spray head abrasion detection mode, the second level droplet voltage digital signal is that spray head abrasion distribution becomes
Different coefficient；In Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern, the second level droplet voltage digital signal is the mist on unit area
Drip deposition；
The Hall sensor (55) carries out pulse detection, the MCU master to the magnetic sheet (56) on polyester transparent transmission belt (33)
It controls plate and receives the pulse signal that Hall sensor (55) are sent, sent when the MCU master control borad receives Hall sensor (55)
Pulse signal when, MCU master control borad determine whether close driving shaft (20) motor and each detection unit (53) infrared hair
Penetrate sensor (49) and infrared receiver sensor (51)；
D, droplet dehydration and recovery stage:
Droplet (54) into reclaiming chamber (5) is collected by inclined-plane funnel (4) by pesticide recycling box (2), avoids pesticide to soil
Environment pollutes；
Into in the droplet (54) of elution chamber (27), a part is deposited in the side wall and reclaiming chamber partition (9) of elution chamber (27)
It is slid in elution chamber partition (26), and along elution chamber (27) side wall and reclaiming chamber partition (9) and elution chamber partition (26)
To on water fender (17), the droplet on water fender (17) then flows into droplet reclaiming chamber by drainage gallery (8) along water fender (17)
(5) in the pesticide recycling box (2) in；
Another part droplet (54) is deposited on the epipelagic zone of polyester transparent transmission belt (33)；Polyester transparent transmission belt (33) enters
Test chamber (35) carries out level-one dehydration by level-one dehydration cotton roller (34) after droplet infrared detection mechanism (23)；It is poly-
Ester transparent transmission band (33) continues movement and returns to elution chamber (27) by test chamber (35), carries out two by second level dehydration cotton roller (15)
Grade dehydration.
7. on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the step
A includes the following steps:
Before a1, detection, multiple filter paper are horizontally arranged in the top plate of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device
(24) around elution chamber droplet acquisition port (21)；The size phase of the size of the filter paper and elution chamber droplet acquisition port (21)
Together；
N times activity duration t is carried out using standard equipment for plant protectionmThe titer spraying operation of (m=1 ... N, N >=3), wherein operation
Time tmIt is incremented by successively；
After a2, each titer spraying operation, every filter paper is detected using spectrophotometer elution method: by filter paper
It is collected into dry sampling bottle, the dilution of 100mL, the titer droplet that will be deposited on filter paper with vibrating screen is added in bottle
It elutes, then the titer droplet concentration by being deposited on filter paper in spectrophotometric determination liquid, is calculated with formula 1 every
The Droplet deposition on filter paper is opened, is then averaged, finally obtains the Droplet deposition of N number of different time length；
Wherein:
βdepFor Droplet deposition, unit is μ L；
ρsmplFor the reading for the spectrophotometer that standard liquid mist on filter paper is dripped；
ρblkIt is read for the spectrophotometer of blank control；
ViiFor the volume of the dilution of the titer for eluting filter paper collection, unit l；
ρsprayFor the concentration of the titer of standard equipment for plant protection sprinkling, unit g/l；
FcalFor correction factor；
After a3, each titer spraying operation, while opening the mist of on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device
The infrared emission sensor (49) and infrared receiver sensor (51) of each detection unit (53) of infrared detection mechanism (23) are dripped, it is right
Droplet (54) in polyester transparent transmission belt (33) is detected, and the photo signal voltage transmission module of each detection unit (53) will be red
The droplet infrared light supply strength signal that outer receiving sensor (51) receives transmits after being converted to level-one droplet voltage analog signal
To MCU master control borad, the level-one droplet voltage analog signal analog-to-digital conversion of each detection unit (53) is level-one droplet by MCU master control borad
Voltage digital signal finally obtains the level-one droplet voltage digital signal of N number of different time length；
A4, the N number of different time length for obtaining the Droplet deposition of the step a2 N number of different time length obtained and step a3
Level-one droplet voltage digital signal carry out fitting of a polynomial, to establish the voltage of Droplet deposition and voltage digital signal
Relation curve, and then determine Ratio for error modification k.
8. on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the step
In c, under spray head abrasion detection mode, MCU master control borad is as follows to the calculating process of level-one droplet voltage digital signal:
Firstly, MCU master control borad is filtered this Earth noise of level-one droplet voltage digital signal, then to level-one droplet voltage
The voltage of digital signal is sampled, and MCU master control borad is in the voltage per unit sampling time T of level-one droplet voltage digital signal
Sampling 100 times；According to the Ratio for error modification k determined in step a, is calculated by formula 2 and obtain spray head abrasion detection mode
The Droplet deposition of unit sampling time T, then the polyester transparent transmission obtained in not commensurate's sampling time is calculated by formula 3
The Droplet deposition standard deviation of different location on band (33) calculates finally by formula 4 and obtains spray head abrasion distribution variation system
Number:
In formula, MTFor the Droplet deposition in unit sampling time, k is the Ratio for error modification determined in step a, and T is unit sampling
Time, n are sampling number, VnFor n-th sample voltage value；
In formula, CVnozDistribution variation coefficient is worn for spray head；SnozFor the polyester transparent transmission belt in not commensurate's sampling time
(33) the Droplet deposition standard deviation of the different location on；For the polyester transparent transmission belt (33) in not commensurate's sampling time
On different location Droplet deposition average value；For in the polyester transparent transmission belt (33) in not commensurate's sampling time
The Droplet deposition of different location；I is the number in unit sampling time.
9. on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the step
In c, under Droplet deposition uniformity detection pattern, MCU master control borad to the calculating process of level-one droplet voltage digital signal such as
Under:
Firstly, MCU master control borad is filtered this Earth noise of level-one droplet voltage digital signal, then to level-one droplet voltage
The voltage of digital signal is sampled, and MCU master control borad is in the voltage per unit sampling time T of level-one droplet voltage digital signal
Sampling 100 times；According to the Ratio for error modification k determined in step a, is calculated by formula 5 and obtain the inspection of Droplet deposition uniformity
The Droplet deposition of survey mode:
MsFor the Droplet deposition on unit area, k is the Ratio for error modification determined in step a, TiFor in droplet detection process
I-th of unit sampling time, n are sampling number, VnFor n-th sample voltage value, A is to deposit to polyester transparent transmission belt (33)
The area of upper droplet is definite value.
10. on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: it is described
The continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection method of line further comprises the Droplet deposition point to equipment for plant protection application overall region
The detection of cloth uniformity: multiple on-line continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection devices are arranged in spraying operation region
Different location obtains the Droplet deposition of the different location in spraying operation region, calculates spraying operation region not by formula 6
With the Droplet deposition standard deviation of position, is then calculated by formula 7 and obtain Droplet deposition distribution change in spraying operation region
Different coefficient:
In formula, CVdepFor Droplet deposition distribution variation coefficient, unit % in spraying operation region；SdepFor spraying operation
The Droplet deposition standard deviation of the different location in region；Droplet deposition for the different location in spraying operation region is average
Value；For the Droplet deposition of the different location in spraying operation region；J be positioned at spraying operation region different location
The total number of the continuous pesticide droplet deposition characteristics detection device of line.
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| CN113252522A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-13 | 中国农业大学 | Hyperspectral scanning-based device for measuring deposition amount of fog drops on plant leaves |
| CN115792878A (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-03-14 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Method, device and system for measuring droplet deposition amount |
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