CN109827822B - High-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model comprises a rock slice, wherein a first glass slice is arranged on the lower surface of the rock slice, the first glass slice and the rock slice are connected together through an adhesive, two round holes are formed in the first glass slice, one hole serves as a model fluid inlet, the other hole serves as a model fluid outlet, the distance between the model fluid inlet and the model fluid outlet is larger than the length of the rock slice, a second glass slice is arranged on the upper surface of the rock slice, and two ends of the rock slice are provided with a dam with an inlet guide groove and an outlet guide groove. Because the rock slice is a real reservoir sample, corresponding visual seepage experiments can be carried out at high temperature and high pressure. The maximum confining pressure of the model can reach 25MPa, the maximum displacement pressure can reach 20MPa, the maximum experiment temperature can reach 150 ℃, the conditions required by most microfluidic seepage experiments can be met, and the model can be used for oil and gas secondary migration, water drive seepage rules, tertiary oil recovery and special seepage visual seepage mechanism experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock seepage model, in particular to a high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The method really realizes the research of the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage experiment, masters the seepage characteristics of different media in the real rock pore throat space under high-temperature high-pressure, and is an important basis for solving a series of problems in oil and gas field development at present. Whether the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage experiment can be really realized or not is determined by relying on a visual real rock seepage model capable of realizing high-temperature high-pressure, at present, the model is deficient at home and abroad, the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model is successfully manufactured by the invention, experimental research is carried out, the invention patent is applied, and the invention aims to disclose the technology, share the technology to researchers in related fields, also enable the technology to give full play to the value, provide research means for the researchers, and make due contribution to domestic and foreign oil and gas exploration and development.
The defects and the shortcomings of the current visual seepage experimental model are as follows:
1. although the real sandstone model is real, the real sandstone model cannot bear high pressure, the displacement pressure is low, and the experimental category is limited.
In the research of visual seepage experiments carried out over 20 years, the used real sandstone model is developed by professor majorana, northwest university, and the like, the scale of the peripheral dimension of the model is usually 5.0cm multiplied by 3.5cm multiplied by 0.5cm (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness), the size of the rock slice in the model is 3.0cm multiplied by 2.5cm multiplied by 0.065cm (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness), and the model is made of rock cores taken from a research area and reflects the real pore throat structure of a reservoir. Making ofThe method is fine, can basically retain the cement and miscellaneous bases distributed among the original particles of the reservoir, greatly enhances the authenticity of the experimental model, and further improves the reliability of the experimental result. The model makes excellent contribution to the research of reservoir fluid seepage characteristics, has wide research application, and can be used for a series of seepage experiments in oil and gas field development, such as various researches of water flooding, tertiary oil recovery, oil layer protection, oil layer acidification, oil layer scaling, oil and gas secondary migration and the like. However, the disadvantages of the model are represented by the following: 1) the seepage experiment can not be carried out under the condition of high pressure (oil reservoir pressure), and the corresponding experiment can be carried out only under the normal pressure environment, which is the biggest defect of the model; 2) the displacement pressure is lower, and the maximum displacement pressure is only 0.20 MPa; 3) the experiment temperature is limited, the bearable highest temperature is about 80 ℃, and various seepage experiments cannot be carried out in a higher oil reservoir temperature environment; 4) the model is short in length and not beneficial to developing gas drive (CO) under high pressure2Driving, N2Flooding and air flooding, etc.) and polymer flooding.
2. Other models can bear high pressure, and the displacement pressure is higher but not real
The model which can be used for developing high-temperature high-pressure microscopic visual seepage mechanism research at present mainly comprises a plate glass photoetching model and a quartz sand bonding model, and the two models provide a better technical means for developing reservoir microscopic seepage mechanism research. The plate glass photoetching model etches the pore throat structure of the reservoir layer on the plate glass according to a certain proportion, and the quartz sand bonding model bonds quartz particles on a fixed glass sheet so as to develop a microscopic seepage visual experiment. For the so-called 'real rock slice' model proposed by some researchers, formation sand grains at the target layer are actually manufactured through screening, and the model is similar to a quartz sand bonding model. Although the above model can develop reservoir microscopic visual seepage mechanism research under high temperature and high pressure conditions, the pore throat structure and surface physical properties of the model still have great differences from those of actual reservoir rocks, so that the authenticity of the model is greatly reduced, and the research result is not strong in persuasion. The ultra-low permeability and compact oil-gas reservoir is the key field of oil-gas exploration and development in China at present, and plays a significant role in guaranteeing the energy safety in China. When the ultra-low permeability, ultra-low permeability and compact oil and gas reservoir micro-seepage mechanism is researched, as the pore throat structure of a reservoir layer becomes very complex, a flat glass photoetching model and a quartz sand or stratum sand bonding model cannot meet the existing research requirements, and the occurrence state and seepage rule of various displacing agents in the crude oil displacing process cannot be accurately known.
The core clamping piece is only clamped between 2 pieces of sapphire, so that the cost is high, surface current is easily generated between the core clamping piece and glass, and the seepage characteristics of a real pore space cannot be reflected although the core clamping piece is a real core clamping piece.
Occasionally, the "core slice" used by researchers was used to perform the percolation experiment, where the "core slice" was a thin slice of core sandwiched between 2 pieces of sapphire, and no sealing material was present between the glass and the thin slice of rock. This "core holder" therefore also has the disadvantage that: 1) the process is complicated. The sapphire can resist high pressure (the imported pressure resistance is 35MPa, the domestic pressure resistance is 15MPa), but the high-temperature resistant effect can be achieved by sticking a high-temperature resistant film, and the process is complex; 2) it is expensive. The sapphire is expensive, about 4.8 thousands of sapphire glass (withstand voltage of 35MPa) is imported into each sapphire glass with the price of 80mm in the current market, about 1.2 thousands of sapphire glass (withstand voltage of 15MPa) is produced in China, 2 pieces of sapphire are needed for a core clamping piece, other cost is not calculated temporarily, and the cost of only sapphire for one core clamping piece is 2.4-9.6 thousands; 3) true "heart" false seepage. This is the biggest drawback. The core slice in the middle of the core slice is real, the core slice is only simply clamped between two pieces of sapphire glass, the sapphire glass is in direct contact with the rock slice, no sealing material is used, the periphery of the core slice is only sealed by using sealing rubber, in a seepage experiment, although fluid cannot leak from the core slice to the periphery under the action of the sealing rubber sealing at the periphery of the core slice, the fluid is easily caused to generate surface flow between the core slice and the sapphire glass in the core slice, and therefore, the seepage flow in the core slice cannot truly reflect the seepage flow in pores under high temperature and high pressure although the core slice in the core slice is real.
4. And (3) carrying a rock core by using a glass slide groove, and firing the rock core into a seepage model at high temperature. The process is complex and easy to flow.
Occasional researchers used glass slides notched to carry the core and fired at high temperature into a seepage model. The disadvantages of this model are: 1) the manufacture is complex. After a glass slide for containing a core is cut into a square frame (a groove for containing the core) and a plurality of slender grooves by a glass cutter, the glass slide is adhered to a piece of glass by glue, and the manufacturing is complex; 2) a surface flow is easily generated. Because the sintering process is adopted in the model making process, true "heart" false seepage can also be caused, which is the biggest defect of the technology. The method comprises the following steps: grinding a rock core into rock core sheets with regular sizes, putting the rock core sheets into a groove for holding the rock core, fixing the rock core sheets and a glass slide by glue, grinding and polishing the rock core sheets and the glass slide to a certain thickness, and then baking and bonding the rock core sheets and another piece of flat glass together at high temperature (580 ℃) to prepare the model. It can be seen that the glass slide and the other flat glass can be successfully bonded, while the core sheet and the other flat glass cannot be successfully bonded, because the melting point of the glass and the melting point of the rock (the softening point of lead glass is 500 ℃, the softening temperature of the flat glass is also called as white glass is 650-700 ℃, the softening point of the quartz glass is 1600 ℃, for the rock, not all the rock can be melted at high temperature, and some rock can be melted at high temperature, such as limestone, for the meltable rock, the melting is started at more than 1000 ℃, such as the melting temperature of feldspar is 1215 ℃ -1715 ℃, the melting temperature of quartz is 1750 ℃) and the difference of expansion coefficients, so that the rock sheet cannot be bonded with the flat glass, and a fatal defect, namely true "heart" false seepage in a visualization seepage experiment is formed. 3) Sintering into a infiltration mold using such high temperatures can result in changes in the pore structure. The literature reports that the ore can generate structural thermal stress under the high temperature condition of 400-600 ℃, so that the original microstructure of the ore is damaged, and microcracks grow and develop, for example, magnetite and quartzite have higher thermal fragmentation efficiency when heated at high temperature (above 400 ℃), which is favorable for mining by using fire drilling during mining but is unfavorable for maintaining the pore structure when a seepage model is fired at high temperature.
5. The 3D printing technology is adopted to manufacture the pore seepage sheet, which cannot be completely copied, so that the reliability of the seepage characteristic is reduced.
The method for manufacturing the pore seepage sheet by using the 3D printing technology is a latest method for manufacturing a seepage model at present, and although the pore structure can be copied according to an actual pore structure, the method cannot completely copy the properties of the rock surface and cannot copy the characteristics of a reservoir gap filler and the like, so that the reliability of the seepage characteristics is reduced.
In conclusion, the currently used seepage models have great defects, and the real sandstone microscopic model cannot be used for carrying out seepage experimental study under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, namely the seepage model is real and cannot bear the high temperature and high pressure; the used flat glass photoetching model and the quartz sand or stratum sand bonding model are resistant to high pressure and high temperature, but are subjected to the material reasons of the experimental model, so that the characteristics of pore throat structure, surface physical property and the like are far away from the real reservoir, namely the high pressure can be borne, but the model is not real, the reliability of the research result is greatly low, and meanwhile, the research requirement of the micro seepage mechanism of the low-permeability, particularly the compact reservoir, cannot be met; other 'true or plausible' models cannot truly reflect the real pore structure and the internal seepage characteristics thereof.
At present, the lack of a high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model undoubtedly restricts the seepage mechanism research of a conventional reservoir under the oil reservoir condition, and simultaneously restricts the corresponding exploration and development research work of ultra-low and ultra-low permeability and compact oil and gas reservoirs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model and a manufacturing method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a visual true rock seepage flow model of high temperature high pressure, includes the rock slice, and the rock slice lower surface is provided with first glass piece to first glass piece links together through the adhesive with the rock slice, and it has two round holes to open on the first glass piece, and a hole is as model fluid entry, and a hole is as model fluid export, and the rock slice upper surface is provided with the second glass piece, and the both ends of rock slice set up the box dam that has entry guide way and export guide way.
A further improvement of the invention is that the distance between the model fluid inlet and the model fluid outlet is greater than the length of the rock slice; the length of the rock slice is 58-62mm, the width is 23-27mm, and the thickness is 0.35-0.75 mm.
A further improvement of the invention is that the distance between the mould fluid inlet and the mould fluid outlet is 75 mm.
A further improvement of the invention is that the diameter of the circular hole is 1.5 mm.
The manufacturing method of the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model comprises the following steps:
a. sticking one side of the rock slice;
firstly, grinding one side of a processed rock slice to be flat, and then uniformly adhering the ground flat side of the rock slice to a first glass slice by using an adhesive, wherein two holes are formed in the first glass slice; the distance between the two holes is larger than the length of the rock slice; one hole is used as a model fluid inlet, and the other hole is used as a model fluid outlet;
b. building a guide groove dam;
adopting adhesive to build a dam with an inlet guide groove and an outlet guide groove around two short edges of the rock slice, wherein the dams at two sides surround the model fluid inlet and the model fluid outlet; polishing the other side of the rock slice and the box dam to the thickness of 0.35-0.75 mm;
c. sticking the other side of the rock slice;
sticking the other side of the rock slice to the center of the second glass slice;
d. pouring glue and forming;
and finally, filling the space between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet and the areas at two ends of the rock slice with adhesives to form a box dam, wherein the space formed between the box dam and one end of the rock slice is a model inlet guide groove, and the space formed between the box dam and the other end of the rock slice is an outlet guide groove.
The invention is further improved in that the rock slices are post-processed by the following processes: cutting a core sample from an underground target layer into a cuboid shape, then putting the cut core sample into an extractor to extract crude oil in a core pore throat by an organic solvent, and drying after extraction is finished.
The invention is further improved in that the length of the rock slice is 58-62mm, and the width of the rock slice is 23-27 mm.
The further improvement of the invention is that when the box dam is built, the box dam is built layer by layer, a layer of adhesive is dried and then built for the second time, and the like is carried out until the building height of the box dam is the same as the thickness of the rock slices.
The further improvement of the invention is that in the step c, the rock slices are polished to be 0.35-0.75 mm thick.
A further improvement of the invention is that the second glass sheet is the same size as the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet is aligned above and below the first glass sheet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the advantage of real and bearing high pressure fills the technical gap in the field at home and abroad.
Due to the fact that the rock slices are adopted and are real reservoir samples, corresponding visual seepage experiments can be conducted under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure. The greatest advantages of this model are therefore: the technology fills the gap of the field at home and abroad, and is real and can bear high pressure and higher temperature. The maximum confining pressure of the model can reach 25MPa, the maximum displacement pressure can reach 20MPa, the maximum experiment temperature can reach 150 ℃, and the conditions required by most microfluidic seepage experiments can be met.
b. The high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model can be used for carrying out more extensive experimental research.
The model has wide application range, can be used for a series of research contents relating to the microcosmic seepage mechanism of fluid in a reservoir, such as oil and gas secondary migration, water drive seepage rule, tertiary oil recovery technology optimization and the like, and can also be used for developing special seepage visual seepage mechanism experiments (such as gas drive (CO)2Driving, N2Flooding and air flooding, etc.) and polymer flooding, etc.), and can also be used to observe the fluid phase during complex displacementVariations in the flow rate are equivalent to microscopic seepage characteristics.
c. Has the characteristics of simple structure, flexible and convenient operation, safety, environmental protection and high efficiency.
The high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model has the characteristics of simple structure, economy, applicability, flexible operation, safety, environmental protection and high efficiency. The technology meets the research requirement of a visual microscopic seepage experiment which is real and can bear high pressure, and fills the gap of the field at home and abroad.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a top view of a real sandstone high-temperature high-pressure model according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a real sandstone high-temperature high-pressure model object of the invention.
Figure 3 is a bottom view of a real sandstone high-temperature high-pressure model according to the invention.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of a real sandstone high-temperature high-pressure model object of the invention.
Figure 5 is a front view of a real sandstone high-temperature high-pressure model according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model, which consists of a real rock sheet, glass, a hole type fluid inlet, a hole type fluid outlet, an inlet guide groove and an outlet guide groove.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the real sandstone high-temperature high-pressure microscopic visualization model of the invention comprises a rock slice 3, wherein a first glass slice is arranged on the lower surface of the rock slice 3, the first glass slice and the rock slice 3 are connected together through an adhesive, two holes are formed in the first glass slice, one hole is used as a model fluid inlet 6, the other hole is used as a model fluid outlet 7, the distance between the model fluid inlet 6 and the model fluid outlet 7 is greater than the length of the rock slice, a second glass slice is arranged on the upper surface of the rock slice 3, and a dam 5 with an inlet guide groove 1 and an outlet guide groove 2 is arranged on the side wall of the rock slice 3 along the width direction.
The length of the rock slice 3 is 58-62mm, the width is 23-27mm, and the thickness is 0.35-0.75 mm.
The distance between the model fluid inlet 6 and the model fluid outlet 7 was 75 mm.
The rock slice 3 in the present invention is a real rock slice.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the method for making the real sandstone high-temperature high-pressure microscopic visualization model with the structure comprises the following steps:
1) selecting rock slices
Firstly, selecting a core sample taken from an underground target layer for experiment to be cut into a shape close to a cuboid, wherein the length of a rock slice is more than 70mm, the width of the rock slice is more than 30mm, and the thickness of the rock slice is more than 3 mm. And putting the sample into an extractor, and extracting the crude oil in the pore throat of the rock core by using an organic solvent. And after extraction is finished, putting the core sample into a drying oven for drying for later use. For column samples or block samples, oil can be washed first and then sliced and dried for later use.
2) Selecting glass
When a real sandstone high-temperature and high-pressure microscopic visual model is manufactured, glass which is required to be stuck with rock slices is required to have extremely high finish degree and flatness, and the real sandstone high-temperature and high-pressure microscopic visual model also has high temperature resistance and mechanical impact resistance. The defect that the traditional real sandstone model cannot bear confining pressure due to glass materials is overcome.
In the model making process, through multi-party research and comparison, a German imported flat glass is finally selected, the glass has superior quality and perfect flatness, meanwhile, the glass also has excellent heat resistance, optical performance, chemical stability and mechanical strength, and the chemical components and physical properties of the glass meet the requirements of international standards of DINISO3585 and EN1748T 1.
The glass has the following characteristics:
a. the glass has extremely high uniformity, the surface of the glass reaches a mirror surface level, and the glass has excellent flatness and perfect optical characteristics.
b. Has the characteristics of excellent temperature stability, excellent thermal shock resistance, capability of thermal tempering and the like. Maximum operating temperature: the working time of short-term use is less than 10 hours, and the maximum working temperature can reach 500 ℃; the working time is more than or equal to 10 hours after long-term use, and the maximum working temperature can reach 450 ℃.
c. Has excellent high light transmittance. High light transmittance in visible light, near infrared and ultraviolet bands, no color and excellent visual quality, Abbe number 65.41, refractive index (nd (lambda 587.6nm))1.47140, and dispersion (nF-nC) 71.4x 10-4Stress photoelastic coefficient (K)4.0x 10-6mm2·N-1。
d. Ultrahigh chemical stability. Has high water resistance, excellent acid resistance, super-strong alkali resistance and extremely low alkali diffusivity.
e. Excellent mechanical strength. Density ρ (25 ℃ C.) 2.23g/cm3Modulus of elasticity E (DIN 13316)64kN/mm2Poisson's ratio μ (DIN 13316)0.2, Knoop hardness 0.1/20(ISO 9385)480, flexural strength σ (DIN 52292T1)25 MPa. The impact resistance of glass mainly depends on the installation mode, the size and thickness of the plate, the processing technology and the like. The overall pressure-bearing capacity of a model made of the glass can reach 20-25 MPa.
Each real sandstone high-temperature and high-pressure microscopic visualization model needs to be made into 2 glass sheets (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness is 90mm multiplied by 35mm multiplied by 2.5mm) with equal size by utilizing the glass with the characteristic, the glass sheets are respectively a first glass sheet and a second glass sheet, wherein the first glass sheet is provided with two regular round holes (an A surface of a rock-sticking sheet) at the center in the length direction, the regular round holes are used as an inlet and an outlet of fluid, the diameter of each round hole is 1.5mm, the distance between the two round holes is 75mm, and the second glass sheet is not provided with holes (a B surface of the rock-sticking sheet). The selection of the special glass is an important guarantee that the model can bear high pressure (confining pressure) and high temperature, meanwhile, the glass provides technical possibility for adding higher displacement pressure to the displacement pressure by utilizing the hole type fluid inlet and outlet, and the defect that the real sandstone model cannot bear high confining pressure and cannot add higher displacement pressure in the prior art is overcome. In the past, the actual sandstone model is mainly characterized in that a common glass is utilized to stick and clamp a core slice, so that the actual sandstone model cannot bear high confining pressure; meanwhile, the medical needle fixed by epoxy resin glue is used as an inlet and an outlet, so that the defect that a displacement experiment with higher pressure cannot be carried out is caused.
3) And manufacturing a high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model.
a. Sticking one face (A face) of the rock slice.
First, the lower surface (i.e., a-surface) of the extraction-dried rock piece 3 is ground flat to a specification of: the length of the rock slice is 58-62mm, the width of the rock slice is 23-27mm, after drying, the A surface of the rock slice is uniformly adhered to the center (the center between the upper part and the lower part and the left part and the right part) of the first glass slice with 2 drilled holes by using universal glue, and the universal glue is coated thickly on the A surface of the rock slice, so that the A surface of the rock slice can be firmly adhered to the glass.
b. And (5) stacking the guide groove box dam.
After the A surface of the rock slice is firmly bonded with the first glass slice, a dam 5 with an inlet guide groove 1 and an outlet guide groove 2 is built around the short edge of the rock slice by utilizing prepared universal glue 8, and a model fluid inlet 6 and a model fluid outlet 7 are surrounded by the dams 5 at the two sides. The dam is built layer by layer, a layer of all-purpose adhesive is dried and then built on the dam for the second time, and the like until the building height of the guide groove dam is basically the same as the thickness of the rock slices. The upper surface (surface B) of the rock slice and the guide groove box dam 5 are finely ground until the thickness of the rock slice is distributed in a range of 0.35-0.75 mm (the rock particles are different in size, and the thickness of the rock slice is also different). The grinding powder remaining in the pores is then rinsed clean and dried.
c. And (3) sticking the other surface (B surface) of the rock slice.
The upper surface of the rock slice (namely the surface B) is adhered to the center of another second glass slice without a round hole, the surface uses less glue under the condition that the rock slice is ensured to be fixed, the pore is prevented from being blocked, and the surface B of the rock slice is the surface observed in the experiment.
d. And (5) pouring glue and forming.
And finally, filling the space between 2 glass sheets and the periphery of the rock slices (except the area enclosed by the enclosure dam and the outer edge of the rock slice) by using universal glue 8, so that the glass sheets are completely and firmly bonded. The gaps formed between the box dam and the rock slices and between the two glass slices are the inlet guide groove 1 and the outlet guide groove 2 of the model.
Whether the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model is successfully manufactured or not needs attention to the following points: firstly, the thickness of the rock slices is kept in a range of 0.35-0.75 mm (the sizes of particles are different, and the thicknesses of the rock slices are also different), otherwise, the visualization effect of the seepage experiment process is influenced; secondly, optical glass with high pressure resistance, high temperature resistance and high light transmittance is used, otherwise, the visualization effect is influenced, the experiment cannot bear high pressure and high temperature, and the model is easy to break; the upper glass and the lower glass which are stuck with the rock clamping sheets are equal in size, and the stuck high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model also ensures that the peripheries of the upper glass and the lower glass are aligned, otherwise, the model is easy to crack under the action of high pressure in the experimental process; if the water sensitivity of the rock slice is strong, the configured simulated formation water is needed to grind in the process of grinding the rock slice.
Through the steps, the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model can be successfully manufactured, and can be well connected with pressurizing equipment, observation equipment and the like, so that a visual seepage experiment under corresponding high temperature and high pressure can be carried out.
The steps for making a high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model are introduced by taking sandstone as an example.
Slicing an oil-containing sandstone core taken from a target interval of a certain block, wherein the specification of the rock slice is as follows: the length is more than 70mm, the width is more than 30mm, the thickness is more than 3mm, the mixture is put into an extractor to be extracted by alcohol and benzene, and the mixture is dried for standby after the extraction is finished.
German import glass sheets were prepared in 2 sheets, the specifications of which are: the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the thickness is 90mm multiplied by 35mm multiplied by 2.5mm, wherein two regular round holes (the A surface of the rock-sticking sheet) are drilled in the middle of one glass sheet in the length direction, the diameter of the round holes is 1.5mm, the distance between the two round holes is 75mm, and the other glass sheet is not drilled (the B surface of the rock-sticking sheet).
First, referring to fig. 1 to 5, the extracted and dried rock slice 3 (a-side) is ground flat to a specification of: the length of the rock slice is 58-62mm, the width of the rock slice is 23-27mm, after drying, the surface A of the rock slice is uniformly adhered to the center (the center is up, down, left and right) of the glass with 2 drilled holes by using universal glue, and the universal glue is coated thickly, so that the surface A of the rock slice can be firmly adhered to the glass. After the A surface of the rock slice is firmly bonded with the glass slice, a dam 5 of the inlet guide groove 1 and the outlet guide groove 2 is built around the short edge of the rock slice by utilizing prepared universal glue 8, and the dam 5 at the two sides is required to surround a model fluid inlet 6 and a model fluid outlet 7. The dam is built layer by layer, a layer of all-purpose adhesive is dried and then built on the dam for the second time, and the like until the building height of the guide groove dam is basically the same as the thickness of the rock slices. And (3) polishing the other side (B side) of the rock slice and the guide groove box dam 5 together until the thickness of the rock slice is distributed in a range of 0.35-0.75 mm (the rock particles are different in size, and the thickness of the rock slice is also different). The grinding powder remaining in the pores is then rinsed clean and dried. The other side (B side) of the rock slice is adhered to the center of the other glass slice without the round hole, glue is used as little as possible under the condition that the rock slice is ensured to be fixed, the hole is prevented from being blocked, and the B side of the rock slice is the side observed in the experiment; and finally, filling the space between 2 pieces of glass and the periphery of the rock slices (except the area enclosed by the enclosure dam and the outer edge of the rock slice) by using universal glue 8, so that the glass slices are completely and firmly bonded. The gaps formed between the box dam and the rock slices and the glass are the inlet guide groove 1 and the outlet guide groove 2 of the model.
Whether the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model is successfully manufactured or not needs attention to the following points: firstly, the thickness of the rock slices is kept in a range of 0.35-0.75 mm (the sizes of particles are different, and the thicknesses of the rock slices are also different), otherwise, the visualization effect of the seepage experiment process is influenced; secondly, optical glass with high pressure resistance, high temperature resistance and high light transmittance is used, otherwise, the visualization effect is influenced, the experiment cannot bear high pressure and high temperature, and the model is easy to break; the upper glass and the lower glass which are stuck with the rock clamping sheets are equal in size, and the stuck high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model also ensures that the peripheries of the upper glass and the lower glass are aligned, otherwise, the model is easy to crack under the action of high pressure in the experimental process; if the water sensitivity of the rock slice is strong, the configured simulated formation water is needed to grind in the process of grinding the rock slice.
Through the steps, the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model can be successfully manufactured, and can be well connected with pressurizing equipment, observation equipment and the like, so that a visual seepage experiment under corresponding high temperature and high pressure can be carried out.
The high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model has the characteristics of simple principle, easy mastering, wide application, convenient operation, economy and practicability.
The invention designs a high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model and an experimental technology, and successfully performs experimental tests.
Claims (6)
1. A manufacturing method of a high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. sticking one side of the rock slice;
firstly, grinding one side of a processed rock slice (3) to be flat, and then uniformly adhering the ground flat side of the rock slice to a first glass slice by using an adhesive, wherein the first glass slice is provided with two holes; the distance between the two holes is larger than the length of the rock slice; one as a model fluid inlet (6) and the other as a model fluid outlet (7);
b. building a guide groove dam;
an enclosure dam (5) with an inlet guide groove (1) and an outlet guide groove (2) is built around two short edges of the rock fragments by adopting an adhesive (8), and the enclosure dams (5) on two sides surround a model fluid inlet (6) and a model fluid outlet (7); polishing the other side of the rock slice and the box dam (5) to the thickness of 0.35-0.75 mm;
c. sticking the other side of the rock slice;
sticking the other side of the rock slice to the center of the second glass slice;
d. pouring glue and forming;
finally, filling the space between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet and the areas at two ends of the rock slice with adhesives to form a dam (5), wherein the space formed between the dam (5) and one end of the rock slice is a model inlet guide groove (1), and the space formed between the dam (5) and the other end of the rock slice is an outlet guide groove (2);
when the dam is built, a layer of adhesive is aired, and then the dam is built for the second time, and the like, until the building height of the dam is the same as the thickness of the rock slices;
the second glass sheet is the same size as the first glass sheet, and the second glass sheet is aligned with the first glass sheet up and down.
2. The manufacturing method of the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model according to claim 1, characterized in that the rock slices (3) are post-processed by the following processes: cutting a core sample from an underground target layer into a cuboid shape, then putting the cut core sample into an extractor to extract crude oil in a core pore throat by an organic solvent, and drying after extraction is finished.
3. The manufacturing method of the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model according to claim 1, wherein the length of the rock slice (3) is 58-62mm, and the width of the rock slice is 23-27 mm.
4. A high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model is manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized in that the high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model comprises a rock slice (3), a first glass slice is arranged on the lower surface of the rock slice (3), the first glass slice and the rock slice (3) are uniformly connected together through an adhesive, two round holes are formed in the first glass slice, one hole is used as a model fluid inlet (6), the other hole is used as a model fluid outlet (7), a second glass slice is arranged on the upper surface of the rock slice (3), and a dam (5) with an inlet guide groove (1) and an outlet guide groove (2) is arranged at two ends of the rock slice (3); the thickness of the rock slice (3) is 0.35-0.75 mm; the chemical components and physical properties of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet meet the requirements of the international standards of DINISO3585 and EN1748T 1;
the distance between the model fluid inlet (6) and the model fluid outlet (7) is greater than the length of the rock slice (3).
5. A high temperature and high pressure visual real rock seepage model according to claim 4, characterized in that the distance between the model fluid inlet (6) and the model fluid outlet (7) is 75 mm.
6. The high-temperature high-pressure visual real rock seepage model according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of the circular hole is 1.5 mm.
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| CN113027431B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-09-07 | 东北石油大学 | Semi-sealed two-dimensional seepage model and manufacturing method thereof |
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