Background
The pressure container is a comprehensive product related to multi-industry and multi-discipline intersection, and is widely applied to various industries such as food, chemical industry, petroleum, metallurgy, aviation, aerospace and the like. With the trend of increasing the diameter and thinning the cylinder of the pressure vessel equipment, how to efficiently and high-quality manufacture a non-standard pressure vessel becomes a problem to be solved urgently. And the two-to-two assembly girth welding of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is an extremely important ring in the manufacture of a non-standard pressure container. This is because when the cylinder is relatively low in rigidity, the alignment of the girth welding is poor and the misalignment amount is large, and the required welding quality cannot be ensured. At present, horizontal assembly is mostly adopted for girth welding of large-sized thin-wall cylinders, deformation caused by dead weight is overcome by using a circle-expanding tool, and girth welding is carried out after circumferential alignment among cylinder sections. However, the wall thickness is too thin, the diameter of the cylinder is very large, the influence of the dead weight deformation of the cylinder cannot be completely eliminated only by the rounding tool, and the positioning precision between the cylinders cannot be ensured during horizontal assembly, so that the stress of the cylinder in all directions is uneven during welding, and the misalignment amount and the deformation amount are difficult to control.
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, an auxiliary tool for welding a thin-wall cylinder is needed, which can eliminate the influence of gravity factors on welding deformation, is beneficial to realizing the automation of a girth welding station, and improves the quality and efficiency of assembly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an auxiliary tool for welding a thin-wall cylinder, which can eliminate the influence of gravity factors on welding deformation, is beneficial to realizing the automation of a girth welding station and improves the quality and the efficiency of assembly.
The invention provides a thin-wall cylinder welding auxiliary tool which comprises an inner support assembly and an inner support lifting appliance, wherein the inner support assembly is used for positioning and tightly supporting a cylinder section, and the inner support lifting appliance is used for lifting the cylinder section to the inner support assembly;
the inner support assembly comprises a bottom platform for vertically placing the shell ring, a support frame I which is concentric with the bottom platform and a plurality of support plates I which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support frame I, the support plates I are connected with a driver I arranged on the support frame I, move synchronously along the radial direction under the action of the driver I and cling to the inner wall surface of the shell ring by one side surface of the support plate I, and the support frame I is arranged on a vertical lifting mechanism;
the inner support lifting appliance comprises a support frame II and a plurality of support plates II which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support frame II, the support plates II are connected with a driver II arranged on the support frame II and synchronously move along the radial direction under the action of the driver II, one side surface of each support plate is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the shell ring, and the support frame II is arranged on a lifting moving mechanism to lift the shell ring and lift the shell ring to the bottom platform;
and a plurality of sliding blocks are uniformly distributed on the bottom platform along the circumferential direction, are connected with a driver III arranged on the bottom platform, synchronously move along the radial direction under the action of the driver III and tightly cling to the inner wall surface of the shell ring by one side surface.
Preferably, the top of the side surface of the support plate I, which is used for being in contact with the shell ring, is connected with a guide inclined surface I used for guiding the butt joint of the shell ring.
Preferably, the lateral surface that is used for with the shell ring contact on the backup pad I is equipped with the cross slot, the cross slot is used for corresponding with the junction of two sections shell rings from top to bottom.
Preferably, the top of the side face of the sliding block, which is used for contacting the shell ring, is connected with a guide inclined plane II for guiding the shell ring to fall to the bottom platform.
Preferably, the inner support assembly is arranged on the rotating mechanism and drives the shell ring to rotate under the action of the rotating mechanism.
Preferably, the driver I and the driver II are both in a linear electric cylinder structure.
Preferably, vertical lift mechanism is hydraulic prop, the bottom platform is ring structure, hydraulic prop's casing is established in the bottom platform, hydraulic prop's piston rod links to each other with support frame I.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the thin-wall cylinder welding auxiliary tool, the vertical assembling and welding mode is adopted, so that the influence of the gravity factor of the cylinder body on welding deformation is eliminated, and the misalignment amount and the deformation amount of the cylinder body are small; during operation, the support plate II of the inner supporting hanger synchronously moves along the radial direction under the action of the driver II and is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the shell ring by one side surface, so that the shell ring is tightly supported and then is hung and conveyed to the bottom platform; after the first cylindrical shell reaches a pre-positioning position, the supporting plate I synchronously moves along the radial direction under the action of the driver I and is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the cylindrical shell by one side surface of the supporting plate I, after the centering of the first cylindrical shell is realized, the supporting plate I is slightly loosened and is lifted to a proper position through the vertical lifting mechanism, then the internal support lifting appliance lifts and sends the second cylindrical shell to the first cylindrical shell, the second cylindrical shell is guided by the supporting plate I and is aligned with the first cylindrical shell, and then the supporting plate I moves along the radial direction and is tightly attached to the inner walls of the two cylindrical shells at the same time, so that the two cylindrical shells are fastened, and then the circumferential welding is carried out; therefore, the automation of the girth welding station is facilitated, and the quality and the efficiency of assembly are greatly improved.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3: the auxiliary tool for welding the thin-wall cylinder comprises an inner support assembly 1 for positioning and tightly supporting the cylinder section and an inner support lifting tool 2 for lifting and conveying the cylinder section to the inner support assembly 1; when in use, the arc welding machine which can perform girth welding on the upper and lower sections of the barrel joint and the grinding machine which can grind the girth are matched for use, and the arc welding machine and the grinding machine are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the inner support component 1. The cylinder sections are cylinder body sections which are welded in sequence to form a required cylinder; the thin-wall cylinder can be a stainless steel tank body, the material of the thin-wall cylinder can be 304 stainless steel, the thickness of the plate is 3mm, and the thin-wall cylinder has the characteristics of small self restraint degree, small heat conductivity coefficient, large linear expansion coefficient and the like; the inner supporting component 1 and the inner supporting hanger 2 are both temporarily and tightly supported and fixed with the shell ring in an inner supporting mode, the inner supporting specifically means that acting force is uniformly applied from the inside of the shell ring along the normal direction (radial direction), and the inner supporting can be kept relatively fixed when the friction force generated by the acting force is greater than the gravity of the shell ring.
The inner support assembly 1 comprises a bottom platform 11 for vertically placing the shell ring, a support frame I12 which is concentric with the bottom platform 11 and a plurality of support plates I13 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support frame I12, the support plates I13 are connected with a driver I14 arranged on the support frame I12, the support plates I13 synchronously move along the radial direction under the action of the driver I14 and cling to the inner wall surface of the shell ring at one side surface of the support plates I12, and the support frame I12 is arranged on a vertical lifting mechanism 15; the opening of the shell ring is vertical to the horizontal plane when the shell ring is placed vertically, and the mode is opposite to that of the shell ring when the shell ring is placed horizontally; the cross section of the bottom platform 11 can be circular or annular, and the center of the bottom platform coincides with the center of the shell ring after being placed and positioned; the support frame I12 is in a hollow structure and is in a cylindrical shape with a plurality of weight reducing openings; the number of the support plates I13 can be determined according to the support requirement, six support plates I13 are uniformly arranged in the embodiment, and the number and the positions of the drivers I14 correspond to the support plates I13; the supporting plate I13 is of a rectangular plate structure, the side face, used for being tightly attached to the shell ring, of the supporting plate I is of a curved surface structure with curvature, and the curvature of the supporting plate I is adaptive to the inner wall of the shell ring, so that the contact area is maximized, and meanwhile, the inner wall of the shell ring is prevented from being damaged; in addition, the side surface of the support plate I13 for being tightly attached to the shell ring can be covered with a flexible body (such as rubber) so as to increase the static friction force for inner support; the internal support component 1 of the structure can automatically and flexibly adjust the clamping force.
The inner support lifting appliance 2 comprises a support frame II 21 and a plurality of support plates II 22 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support frame II 21, the support plates II 22 are connected with a driver II 23 arranged on the support frame II 21 and synchronously move along the radial direction under the action of the driver II 23, one side surface of each support plate II is attached to the inner wall surface of the shell ring, and the support frame II 21 is arranged on a lifting moving mechanism (not shown in the figure) to lift the shell ring and lift the shell ring to the bottom platform 11; similarly, the number of the support plates II 22 can be determined according to the support requirement, six support plates II 22 are uniformly arranged in the embodiment, and the number and the positions of the drivers II 23 correspond to the number and the positions of the support plates II 22; the supporting plate II 22 is of a rectangular plate structure, the side face, used for being tightly attached to the shell ring, of the supporting plate II is of a curved surface structure with curvature, and the curvature of the supporting plate II is adaptive to the inner wall of the shell ring, so that the contact area is maximized, and meanwhile, the inner wall of the shell ring is prevented from being damaged; in addition, the side surface of the support plate II 22 for clinging to the shell ring can be covered with a layer of flexible body (such as rubber) so as to increase the static friction force for internal support; the inner support lifting appliance 2 of the structure can also automatically and flexibly adjust the clamping force; the support II 21 can be a hollow cylinder without a bottom structure, and a fixed frame 24 is arranged in the support II 21; the hoisting moving mechanism is preferably a factory building crane, a hoisting ring 25 is arranged on the fixed frame 24, the hoisting ring 25 is matched with a hoisting hook 27 provided with a rope 26, and the position of the inner supporting hanger 2 of the factory building crane is adjusted through the rope 26.
The ring welding system adopts a vertical assembly welding mode, eliminates the influence of the gravity factor of the cylinder body on welding deformation, and ensures that the misalignment amount and the deformation amount of the cylinder body are small; during operation, the support plate II 22 of the inner supporting hanger 2 synchronously moves along the radial direction under the action of the driver II 23 and is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the shell ring by one side surface, so that the shell ring is tightly supported and then is hung to the bottom platform 11; after the first cylindrical shell reaches a pre-positioning position, the supporting plate I13 synchronously moves along the radial direction under the action of the driver I14 and clings to the inner wall surface of the cylindrical shell by one side surface, the supporting plate I13 is slightly loosened after the centering of the first cylindrical shell is realized and is lifted to a proper position through the vertical lifting mechanism 15, then the internal support lifting appliance 2 lifts and sends the second cylindrical shell to the first cylindrical shell, the second cylindrical shell is guided by the supporting plate I13 and is aligned with the first cylindrical shell, and then the supporting plate I13 moves along the radial direction and clings to the inner walls of the two cylindrical shells at the same time, so that the two cylindrical shells are fastened, and then the circular welding is carried out; therefore, the automation of the girth welding station is facilitated, and the quality and the efficiency of assembly are greatly improved.
As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, a plurality of sliders 16 are uniformly distributed on the bottom platform 11 along the circumferential direction, and the sliders 16 are connected with a driver iii (not shown in the figure) arranged on the bottom platform 11, and move synchronously along the radial direction under the action of the driver iii and cling to the inner wall surface of the shell ring by one side surface thereof; the driver III can be a motor; the slider 16 moves to also produce an inner supporting effect on the shell ring, so that the first shell ring is fixed on the bottom platform 11 and centered at the same time, and the support plate I13 does not need to play the function, so that the welding operation is simplified; the sliding block 16 is preferably L-shaped, a plurality of strip-shaped grooves 11a are formed in the upper surface of the bottom platform 11, the combination of the grooves 11a is arranged in a radial shape, and the horizontal part of the sliding block 16 can be placed in the grooves 11a and limited by the grooves 11a to move along the direction of the grooves 11 a; the number of the sliding blocks 16 can be set according to the supporting requirement, twelve sliding blocks 16 are uniformly arranged in the embodiment, and the number and the position of the drivers III correspond to those of the sliding blocks 16; the side surface of the sliding block 16, which is used for being tightly attached to the shell ring, is of a curved surface structure with curvature, and the curvature of the curved surface structure is adapted to the inner wall of the shell ring, so that the maximization of the contact area is realized, and the damage to the inner wall of the shell ring is avoided; in addition, the side of the slider 16 for abutting the shell ring may be covered with a flexible body (e.g., rubber) to increase the static friction for inner support.
As a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, a guide inclined surface i 13a for guiding the butt joint of the shell ring is connected to the top of the side surface of the support plate i 13 for contacting with the shell ring; the guide inclined planes I13 a incline towards the inner side, so that the diameter of a circle where the same height point of each guide inclined plane I13 a is not larger than the diameter of a circle where the side face, used for being in contact with the shell ring, of the support plate I13 is located; the inner wall of the top cylindrical shell section of the guide inclined plane I13 a can slowly slide down along the guide inclined plane I13 a after contacting with the guide inclined plane I13 a, so that the inclined cylindrical shell section can be centered and adjusted to correct the deviation degree of the inclined cylindrical shell section; similarly, the top of the side surface of the slider 16, which is used for contacting the shell ring, is also connected with a guide inclined surface ii 16a for guiding the shell ring to fall to the bottom platform 11.
As a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, a lateral surface of the support plate i 13, which is used for contacting with the shell ring, is provided with a transverse groove 13b, and the transverse groove 13b is used for corresponding to a connection position of an upper shell ring and a lower shell ring; the transverse groove 13b transversely penetrates through the support plate I13 and is approximately positioned in the middle of the support plate I13; the transverse groove 13b can be used as a reference part for controlling the lifting height of the support plate I13, and can be used for smoothly performing girth welding operation on the upper and lower sections of the barrel section, so that the welding quality is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the inner support assembly 1 is disposed on a rotating mechanism (not shown in the figure) and drives the shell ring to rotate under the action of the rotating mechanism; the shell ring rotates, and the welding equipment is fixed, so that the girth welding operation is facilitated, and the welding accuracy is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the actuator i 14 and the actuator ii 23 are both linear electric cylinder structures; the linear electric cylinder can be fixed through a fastening bolt; the linear electric cylinder is driven by a servo motor, and can accurately control the expansion amount in a stroke range, so that the inner support lifting appliance 2 can lift multi-type shell rings with the diameter in a certain range, and the inner support assembly 1 can also support and adjust the multi-type shell rings in a certain range.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vertical lifting mechanism 15 is a hydraulic prop, the bottom platform 11 is an annular structure, a housing of the hydraulic prop is disposed in the bottom platform 11, and a piston rod of the hydraulic prop is connected to the support frame i 12; the support frame I12 can adjust the stretching height along with the extension of the piston rod, so that the welding requirements of the circular seam positions of the plurality of cylinder sections with different heights are met, and the positioning and stretching of the upper cylinder section and the lower cylinder section at the circular seam positions are realized; the casing of the hydraulic prop is arranged in the bottom platform 11, so that the structure of the internal support assembly 1 is compact, and the situation of motion interference is effectively prevented.
Finally, the principle and embodiments of the present invention are explained by using specific examples, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention, and the present invention can be modified and modified without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the modified and modified examples also fall into the protection scope of the present invention.