CN109820899B - Application of apple tree wood vinegar in preparation of medicine for treating ear and/or nose infection - Google Patents
Application of apple tree wood vinegar in preparation of medicine for treating ear and/or nose infection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of application of plant extract, and particularly discloses application of apple tree wood vinegar in preparation of a medicine for treating ear and/or nose infection. The invention discovers that the apple tree wood vinegar has obvious curative effect on ear infection and nose infection, and the effect of other kinds of wood vinegar such as mulberry wood vinegar is obviously inferior to that of the apple tree wood vinegar. The invention also discloses a lotion containing apple pyroligneous liquor and alum with specific contents, which has simple preparation and convenient use and has quick and obvious curative effect on ear and nose infection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of application of plant extract, in particular to application of apple tree wood vinegar in preparation of a medicine for treating ear and/or nose infection.
Background
Antibiotic sterilization is mainly achieved by interfering with the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, changing the internal metabolism of bacteria, and the like, but the process also damages innocent normal tissue cells, which is called toxic and side effects. Abuse of antibiotics causes damage to the liver, kidneys, heart, and also causes dysbacteriosis, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial resistance, increasing superinfection. In recent years, the abuse of domestic antibiotics also leads to the resistance to more antibiotics, so that the use of the antibiotics becomes more cautious. In this context, the production of novel antibiotics is of great importance.
The wood vinegar is derived from natural plant raw materials, the preparation process does not pollute the environment, and the product has no toxic action on human and livestock, and belongs to a green chemical product. At present, researches report that the wood vinegar has certain bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, but the wood vinegar is only effective on common pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and the like, and some infections such as ear infection and nasal infection are caused by various pathogenic bacteria due to complex contact environment, for example, common pathogenic bacteria of otitis media are pneumococcus, haemophilus influenzae and the like, and pathogenic bacteria of paranasal sinusitis are more common in influenza bacilli and streptococcus. There is currently no report of the application of wood vinegar to ear and nose infections.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the technical situation, the invention provides application of apple tree wood vinegar in preparing a medicine for treating ear and/or nose infection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first technical scheme is as follows:
application of apple tree wood vinegar in preparing medicine for treating ear and/or nose infection is provided.
Further, the ear infection includes, but is not limited to, otitis externa and/or otitis media, and the nose infection includes, but is not limited to, rhinitis, allergic rhinitis and/or sinusitis.
Further, the ear infection is an infection caused by bacteria and/or fungi.
The invention unexpectedly discovers that the apple tree wood vinegar has remarkable curative effect on ear infection and nose infection, and although the wood vinegar has been reported to have bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects in the prior art, the apple tree wood vinegar has remarkable curative effect on ear and nose infection compared with other wood vinegar. The invention also uses other wood vinegar liquid such as mulberry wood vinegar liquid and the like to carry out experiments, and the effect of the wood vinegar liquid on the infection is obviously inferior to that of the apple tree wood vinegar liquid.
Further, the apple tree wood vinegar liquid in the application is prepared by carrying out dry distillation and refining on apple tree branches and stems at 250-450 ℃.
Furthermore, the apple tree branches are ground into particles and then subjected to dry distillation, and the water content of the particles is 20-30 wt%. The refining method comprises the following steps: distilling the crude product obtained by dry distillation, collecting distillate at 105-110 ℃, discarding the initial 5-10% of distillate in the temperature range, and taking the rest as effective distillate; decolorizing the effective distillate with an alum aqueous solution, distilling for the second time, collecting distillate at 105-110 ℃, and filtering to remove insoluble impurities to obtain the apple tree wood vinegar. The mass concentration of the alum water solution is 5-10%, and the mass ratio of the alum water solution to the effective distillate is 1: 3-4.
The apple tree wood vinegar prepared by the method has less impurities and high purity, and is more suitable for medical use.
The second technical scheme is as follows:
a lotion for treating ear infection comprises, by mass, 10-30% of the above apple tree wood vinegar and 2-10% of alum.
The apple tree wood vinegar is diluted to the concentration and then is matched with a certain amount of alum, so that the apple tree wood vinegar has better curative effect on ear infection.
The using method of the washing liquid comprises the following steps: the washing liquid is sprayed into the auditory canal by the aid of the external auditory canal flusher once in the morning and at night every day, 3-5 sprays (about 0.3-0.5 ml of washing liquid) on each side every time, people with more earwax secretion recommend that the external auditory canal is cleaned once in two weeks, and people wearing the hearing aid recommend that the hearing aid is taken down once every day to clean the external auditory canal.
The third technical scheme is as follows:
a lotion for treating nasal infection comprises, by mass, 2-6% of the above apple tree wood vinegar and 2-10% of alum.
The apple tree wood vinegar is diluted to the concentration and then is matched with a certain amount of alum, so that the apple tree wood vinegar has better curative effect on nasal infection.
The using method of the washing liquid comprises the following steps: the lotion is sprayed into the nasal cavity by the nasal cavity, 3-5 (about 0.6-10 ml) sprays are sprayed on each side of the nasal cavity respectively every morning and evening.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of Wood Vinegar
1. Extracting effective components: crushing apple tree branches into particles, dehydrating the particles by using microwave drying equipment to ensure that the water content of the particles is 20%, then placing the dehydrated particles in a gasification pyrolysis furnace, sealing and heating the gasification pyrolysis furnace, naturally decomposing and volatilizing smoke of the particles in the furnace under the condition of oxygen deficiency in the furnace, collecting the smoke at 250 ℃ and cooling the smoke to obtain condensable liquid, and stopping collecting the particles when the temperature of the particles in the furnace reaches 450 ℃, namely collecting the condensed liquid of the particles with the spontaneous combustion temperature of between 250 and 450 ℃ as the apple tree stock solution; the cooling temperature is controlled below 45 ℃;
2. distillation and separation: putting the apple tree stock solution into a distiller, distilling at normal pressure, starting to collect distillate when the distillation temperature rises to 105 ℃, taking out the initially collected distillate, taking out the distillate with the extraction amount being 10% of the total input amount, continuing to distill and collect the apple tree stock solution until the distillation temperature rises to 110 ℃, stopping heating, finishing distillation, and obtaining the effective distillate which is collected at the section;
3. preparing an alum aqueous solution: stirring 90% of purified water and 10% of alum, and fully dissolving to obtain an alum aqueous solution;
4. secondary distillation and purification: adding 80% of effective distillate into 20% of Alumen water solution, stirring, placing the stirred mixture into a container, standing for 48 hr, taking out, distilling for the second time, and collecting distillate;
5. filtering the secondary distillate to remove impurities, thus obtaining the apple tree wood vinegar.
EXAMPLE 2 preparation of Wood Vinegar
1. Extracting effective components: crushing apple tree branches into particles, dehydrating the particles by using microwave drying equipment to ensure that the water content of the particles is 30%, then placing the dehydrated particles in a gasification pyrolysis furnace, sealing and heating the gasification pyrolysis furnace, naturally decomposing and volatilizing smoke of the particles in the furnace under the condition of oxygen deficiency in the furnace, collecting the smoke at 250 ℃ and cooling the smoke to obtain condensable liquid, and stopping collecting the particles when the temperature of the particles in the furnace reaches 450 ℃, namely collecting the condensed liquid of the particles with the spontaneous combustion temperature of between 250 and 450 ℃ as the apple tree stock solution; the cooling temperature is controlled below 45 ℃;
2. distillation and separation: putting the apple tree stock solution into a distiller, distilling at normal pressure, starting to collect distillate when the distillation temperature rises to 105 ℃, taking out the initially collected distillate, taking out the distillate with the amount of 5% of the total input amount, continuing to distill and collect the distillate until the distillation temperature rises to 110 ℃, stopping heating, finishing distillation, and obtaining the distillate collected at the section as effective distillate;
3. preparing an alum aqueous solution: stirring 92% of purified water and 8% of alum, and fully dissolving to obtain an alum aqueous solution;
4. secondary distillation and purification: adding 80% of effective distillate into 20% of alum water solution, fully stirring, putting the stirred mixed solution into a container, standing and storing for 48 hours, taking out the mixed solution, performing secondary distillation, and collecting distillate at the temperature of 100-102 ℃;
5. filtering the secondary distillate to remove impurities, thus obtaining the apple tree wood vinegar.
EXAMPLE 3 preparation of Wood Vinegar
1. Extracting effective components: crushing apple tree branches into particles, dehydrating the particles by using microwave drying equipment to ensure that the water content of the particles is 25%, then placing the dehydrated particles in a gasification pyrolysis furnace, sealing and heating the gasification pyrolysis furnace, naturally decomposing and volatilizing smoke of the particles in the furnace under the condition of oxygen deficiency in the furnace, collecting the smoke at 250 ℃ and cooling the smoke to obtain condensable liquid, and stopping collecting the particles when the temperature of the particles in the furnace reaches 450 ℃, namely collecting the condensed liquid of the particles with the spontaneous combustion temperature of between 250 and 450 ℃ as the apple tree stock solution; the cooling temperature is controlled below 45 ℃;
2. distillation and separation: putting the apple tree stock solution into a distiller, distilling at normal pressure, starting to collect distillate when the distillation temperature rises to 105 ℃, taking out the initially collected distillate, taking out the distillate with the taking amount being 8% of the total input amount, continuing to distill and collect the distillate until the distillation temperature rises to 110 ℃, stopping heating, finishing distillation, and obtaining the distillate collected at the section as effective distillate;
3. preparing an alum aqueous solution: stirring 95% purified water and 5% Alumen, and dissolving completely to obtain Alumen water solution;
4. secondary distillation and purification: adding 75% of effective distillate into 25% of alum water solution, stirring thoroughly, placing the stirred mixed solution into a container, standing for 48 hr, taking out, distilling for the second time, and collecting distillate;
5. filtering the secondary distillate to remove impurities, thus obtaining the apple tree wood vinegar.
EXAMPLE 4 preparation of a lotion for the treatment of ear infections
The apple tree wood vinegar obtained in example 1 and alum were added to water so that the mass contents thereof were 10% and 5%, respectively.
EXAMPLE 5 preparation of a lotion for the treatment of ear infections
The apple tree wood vinegar obtained in example 2 and alum were added to water so that the mass contents thereof were 30% and 10%, respectively.
EXAMPLE 6 preparation of a lotion for the treatment of ear infections
The apple tree wood vinegar obtained in example 3 and alum were added to water to give 20% and 2% by mass, respectively.
EXAMPLE 7 preparation of a lotion for treating nasal infections
The apple tree wood vinegar obtained in example 1 and alum were added to water so that both were 2% by mass.
EXAMPLE 8 preparation of a lotion for treating nasal infections
The apple tree wood vinegar obtained in example 2 and alum were added to water so that the mass contents thereof were 6% and 10%, respectively.
EXAMPLE 9 preparation of a lotion for treating nasal infections
The apple tree wood vinegar obtained in example 3 and alum were added to water to give 4% and 5% by mass, respectively.
Effect example 1 experiment of in vitro antibacterial Activity of pyroligneous solution of apple Tree
The test method comprises the following steps:
the determination of the MIC of the positive compounds against the bacteria was carried out by the plate double dilution method. The test strains are 37 strains related to ear and nose infection, standard strains and clinical separation (including drug-resistant bacteria) are stored in a laboratory, and the quality control bacteria are staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213, enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212, escherichia coli ATCC25922 and pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853.
The drug sensitivity test was performed by the double plate dilution method and the Denlay multipoint inoculator, with reference to the CLSI/NCCLS standard. The final concentrations of the drugs are respectively: 1/15, 0.5/15, 0.25/15, 0.13/15, 0.06/15, 0.03/15, 0.015/15, 0.0075/15ml/ml (apple tree wood vinegar is the solution, using stock dilution) the control drug levofloxacin was used at ug/ml. After the test bacteria are inoculated, the test bacteria are placed in a constant temperature box for culturing at 35 ℃ for 18 hours, and the result is observed, and the minimum concentration of the medicament contained in the aseptically grown plate is the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The results of the experiment are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 in vitro antibacterial Activity of apple Tree pyroligneous liquor
According to the activity test of 37 strains of bacteria, the MIC volume value is 0.83-1.65%, which indicates that the apple tree wood vinegar has better bacteriostatic action on the bacteria.
Effect example 2 experiment of in vitro anti-Candida albicans Activity of pyroligneous liquid of apple Tree
Firstly, screening strains: candida albicans (ATCC10231),
secondly, a screening method comprises the following steps: 96 well plate method
Screening the Candida albicans inhibitory activity: diluting overnight-cultured bacteria liquid in logarithmic phase to 1 × 105 with YPD culture medium, inoculating 100 μ L into 96-well plate, diluting the drug to be detected with YPD culture medium, and adding 100 μ L per well into the well to obtain final content of drug: 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.625%, 0.3125%, 0.16%, 0.08% (the above content refers to volume content of apple tree wood vinegar in the total system), and making blank control without medicine and solvent control of extract. Caspofungin was used as a positive drug control. The 96-well plate was placed in an incubator at 37 ℃ and left overnight for culture, and the concentration at which the bacteria were completely non-grown and the medium was clear was observed as the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).
Thirdly, screening results:
the screening result shows that the minimum inhibitory concentration of the apple tree wood vinegar to candida albicans is 0.5%, and the minimum inhibitory concentration of the positive drug caspofungin is 0.0325 mug/mL;
through an activity experiment on candida albicans, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the apple tree wood vinegar is 0.5%, and the result shows that the apple tree wood vinegar has a good inhibitory effect on fungi.
Effect example 3 drug sensitivity test of apple pyroligneous acid for secretion culture of clinical patients
In a clinical laboratory, 300 cases of strains positive to the bacteria culture of ear and nose infection clinical specimens (secretions) are randomly taken for bacteriostasis test. The concentration of the apple tree wood vinegar solution is 0.25/15ml and 0.5/15 ml.
By adopting the conventional bacteria culture and drug sensitivity experiment method in a clinical laboratory, the cultured strains and the apple tree wood vinegar have the following bacteriostatic effects:
note: + valid-invalid.
The bacterial specimens cultured from 300 clinical specimens contain 10 different bacterial strains, and only 17 specimens of enterococcus faecium are ineffective, and the rest are effective.
The above experiments were performed at the institute of medicine, academy of medical sciences, china, and the first hospital of north-river medical university.
Effect example 4 Effect of apple Tree Wood Vinegar on ear infection
1. Infection of external auditory canal
(1) General data
200 cases of otitis externa (calculated on one ear) including otitis externa caused by bacterial and fungal infections were selected, and patients were randomly divided into three groups: 50 cases of drug treatment groups, 19 cases of men and 31 cases of women, the age is 16-75 years, and the course of disease is 0.1-4 years; the experimental group comprises 50 cases, 21 cases for men and 29 cases for women, the age is 19-60 years, and the course of disease is 0.2-4 years; a control group of 50 cases, 20 cases of men and 30 cases of women, the age is 18-65 years, and the course of disease is 0.2-4 years; the control group comprises 50 cases, 22 cases for men and 28 cases for women, the age is 20-65 years, and the course of disease is 0.1-4 years.
(2) Method of treatment
Drug treatment group: lomefloxacin ear drops were used three times a day, 2-3 drops at a time, experimental groups: the washing solution of the embodiment 4 of the invention is used for three times a day, and 0.6-1.0 ml is used once, and compared with a group: 0.6-1.0 ml of peach kernel wood vinegar lotion prepared by the same method as in example 1 and example 4 is used three times a day and once; control two groups: the mulberry wood vinegar lotion prepared by the same method as in example 1 and example 4 was used three times a day, and 0.6 to 1.0ml was added once. The treatment time of the four groups was 1 week.
(3) Observation index
And (3) curing: ear pain, ear itching, congestion of the ear canal, resolution of redness and swelling, and disappearance of external auditory canal secretions.
The effect is shown: ear pain, ear itching, disappearance of external auditory canal secretion. The ear canal is still engorged.
The method has the following advantages: ear pain, ear itching, and symptom disappear, the auditory canal still becomes congested, and there is little secretion in the external auditory canal.
And (4) invalidation: ear pain, ear itching, congestion of ear canal, red swelling, and purulent secretion in external auditory canal.
(4) Therapeutic effects
Drug treatment group: 20 cases are cured, 15 cases are obviously effective, 3 cases are effective, and 12 cases are ineffective; the experimental group has 34 cases of cure, 11 cases of obvious effect, 5 cases of effect and 0 case of no effect; control group: 15 cases are cured, 20 cases are obviously effective, 8 cases are effective, and 7 cases are ineffective; control two groups: 13 cases are cured, 20 cases are obviously effective, 12 cases are effective, and 5 cases are ineffective.
2. Suppurative otitis media
(1) 200 suppurative otitis media patients are selected and randomly divided into two groups (calculation of unilateral ears): 50 cases of drug treatment groups, 28 cases of men and 22 cases of women, the age is 20-60 years, and the course of disease is 1-20 years; the experimental group comprises 50 cases, 20 cases for men and 30 cases for women, wherein the age is 20-60 years, and the course of disease is 1-17 years; a control group of 50 cases, 25 cases for men and 25 cases for women, wherein the years of age is 18-62 years, and the course of disease is 1-18 years; the control group comprises 50 cases, 23 cases of men and 27 cases of women, the age is 22-60 years, and the course of the disease is 1-15 years.
(2) Method of treatment
The drug treatment group uses lomefloxacin ear drops, three times a day, 2-3 drops at a time, and the experimental group comprises: the washing solution of the embodiment 5 of the invention is used for three times a day, and 0.6-1.0 ml is used once, and compared with a group: the peach kernel wood vinegar lotion prepared according to the same method of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 5 is used for three times a day and 0.6-1.0 ml once, and is compared with two groups: the mulberry wood vinegar lotion prepared by the same method as in example 2 and example 5 was used three times a day, and 0.6 to 1.0ml was added once. The four groups of the treatment time are 1 week
(3) Observation index
And (3) curing: the ear pain disappears, the tympanogenic mucosa congestion and edema disappears, and the congestion and purulent secretion of the external auditory canal disappear.
The effect is shown: the pain of the ear disappears, the mucous membrane of the tympanic cavity is slightly congested, the tympanic cavity is moist, congestion of the external auditory canal and purulent secretion disappear.
The method has the following advantages: the disappearance of earache, congestion and edema of tympanic mucosa, congestion and reduction of external auditory canal and a small amount of purulent secretion.
And (4) invalidation: ear pain, congestion and edema of the tympanic membrane, congestion of the external auditory canal and a large number of purulent secretions.
(4) Therapeutic effects
Drug treatment group: 22 cases are cured, 20 cases are obviously effective, 3 cases are effective, and 5 cases are ineffective; experimental groups: 36 cases are cured, 11 cases are obviously effective, 3 cases are effective, and 0 case is ineffective; control group: 18 cases are cured, 10 cases are obviously effective, 17 cases are effective, and 5 cases are ineffective; control two groups: 15 cases are cured, 9 cases are obviously effective, 20 cases are effective, and 6 cases are ineffective.
Effect example 5 effect of apple tree wood vinegar on nasal infection
(1) General data:
120 cases of paranasal sinusitis patients are selected, and the patients are randomly divided into two groups: 40 cases of the drug treatment group, 24 cases of men and 16 cases of women, the age is 16-55 years, and the course of the disease is 1-5 years; 40 experimental groups, 22 men and 18 women, the age is 16-60 years, and the course of disease is 1-5 years; a control group comprises 40 cases, 20 cases of men and 20 cases of women, wherein the age is 15-60 years, and the course of disease is 1-5 years; the control group comprises 40 cases, 19 cases for men and 21 cases for women, the age is 15-55 years, and the course of the disease is 1-5 years.
(2) The treatment method comprises the following steps:
the control group used xylometazoline nasal spray, three times a day, 2-3 sprays at a time. The test group was sprayed three times a day with 2-3 sprays (0.6-1.0 ml) per nostril using the lotion of example 7, the control group was sprayed three times a day with 2-3 sprays (0.6-1.0 ml) per nostril using the bayberry wood vinegar lotion prepared according to the same method as in example 1 and example 7, the control group was sprayed three times a day with 2-3 sprays (0.6-1.0 ml) per nostril using the mulberry wood vinegar lotion prepared according to the same method as in example 1 and example 7, the control group was sprayed three times a day with 2-3 sprays (0.6-1.0 ml) per nostril, and the treatment time of each group was 2 weeks.
(3) Observation indexes are as follows:
and (3) curing: the effusion of the paranasal sinuses of the CT whole group disappears, the headache disappears, the nasal cavity is unobstructed, and purulent secretion does not exist in the nasal passage.
The effect is shown: CT has the advantages of reduced hydrocele in paranasal sinuses, no headache, smooth nasal cavity, and no purulent secretion in nasal passage.
The method has the following advantages: CT relieves hydrocele of paranasal sinuses, headache, smooth nasal cavity, and decrease of purulent secretion of nasal passage.
And (4) invalidation: the hydrocele of paranasal sinus of CT group has no improvement, headache has no improvement, nasal obstruction, purulent secretion in nasal passage.
(4) Therapeutic effects
Drug treatment group: 4 cases are cured, the obvious effect example 10, the effective example 20 and the ineffective 6 cases; experimental groups: 10 cases are cured, obvious effect cases 22, effective 8 cases and ineffective 0 cases; control group: 3 cases are cured, 8 cases are obviously effective, 18 cases are effective, and 11 cases are ineffective; control two groups: the medicine has 2 cured cases, 8 obvious cases, 20 effective cases and 10 ineffective cases.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The application of the apple tree wood vinegar liquid in preparing the medicine for treating ear and/or nose infection is characterized in that the apple tree wood vinegar liquid is prepared by carrying out dry distillation and refining on branches and stems of apple trees at the temperature of 250-450 ℃, and the refining method comprises the following steps: distilling the crude product obtained by dry distillation, collecting distillate at 105-110 ℃, discarding the initial 5-10% of distillate in the temperature range, and taking the rest as effective distillate; decolorizing the effective distillate with an alum aqueous solution, distilling for the second time, collecting distillate at 105-110 ℃, and filtering to remove insoluble impurities to obtain the apple tree wood vinegar.
2. The use of claim 1, wherein the ear infection is otitis externa and/or otitis media.
3. Use according to claim 1, wherein the ear infection is a bacterial and/or fungal infection.
4. The use according to claim 1, wherein the nasal infection is rhinitis, allergic rhinitis and/or sinusitis caused by bacterial infection.
5. The use of claim 1, wherein the apple tree branches are crushed into particles and then subjected to dry distillation, and the water content of the particles is 20-30 wt%.
6. The use according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the aqueous alum solution is 5-10% and the mass ratio of the aqueous alum solution to the effective distillate is 1: 3-4.
7. A lotion for treating ear infection, comprising 10 to 30% by mass of the apple tree wood vinegar according to any one of claims 1 or 5 to 6 and 2 to 10% by mass of alum.
8. A lotion for treating nasal infection, comprising 2 to 6% by mass of the apple tree wood vinegar according to any one of claims 1 or 5 to 6 and 2 to 10% by mass of alum.
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