CN109818489A - A kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response - Google Patents
A kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response, including frequency modulation determining device, N bit frequency adjuster, oscillator, the output of the frequency modulation determining device connects N bit frequency adjuster, the output connection oscillator of the N bit frequency adjuster, the output of the oscillator is connected to frequency modulation determining device, forms the control loop of closed loop.Frequency modulation determining device is to input voltage, output voltage, the minimum opening time, the minimum turn-off time carries out processing analysis, and oscillator output frequencies feedback carries out real-time judge to frequency modulation determining device, output judges signal, this judges that signal carries whether oscillator output frequencies meet the judging result for working normally and requiring, it is input to N bit frequency adjuster again, N bit frequency adjuster is adjusted according to the output of frequency modulation determining device in real time again, until the output frequency of oscillator is stablized in just suitable frequency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit field technologies, refer in particular to a kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency of accurate quick response
Rate adjuster.
Background technique
Adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply has in each class of electronic devices very extensive as a kind of efficient voltage adjuster
Using.
For example, in recent years, higher and higher with requirement of the automobile product to efficiency, the Switching Power Supply of Ultra-High Efficiency becomes vehicle
Carry the first choice of power supply.The automobile battery voltage of about 12V is changed into the low-voltage of vehicle electronic device needs by voltage-dropping type switch power supply
(common is 5V or 3.3V), provides power supply for these low-voltage electronic equipments.
Adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply is realizing that efficient while there is also width blackberry lilys as a kind of switching type voltage adjuster
Larger problem is disturbed, the switching frequency of traditional switch power supply 500KHz or so is close with spoke broadcast signal frequency is adjusted, and is easy to exchange
The reception of spoke broadcast singal brings interference.Then newest switching voltage adjuster begins to use the switching frequency of 2.1MHz to keep away
Open the working frequency range for adjusting spoke broadcast singal.But minimum unlatching and minimum turn-off limited time due to Switching Power Supply work, for
Identical minimum open means narrower with minimum turn-off time, the switching frequency of the switching frequency comparison 500KHz of 2.1MHz
Duty cycle range, this generates more limitations to input and output voltage ratio.When the input and output voltage ratio of work is too small or
When excessive, need to reduce switching frequency to obtain suitable duty ratio, to guarantee the normal work of Switching Power Supply.Therefore, it switchs
Frequency adjusting device becomes such essential component part of voltage-dropping type switch power supply.
For previous frequency adjusting device due to relatively coarse, rough adjustment is made in the variation according only to input voltage, is
Achieve the purpose that sufficient frequency reducing, often carry out excessive adjustment, working performance adjusted is caused to decline, output ripple increases
Greatly, there is the problems such as substantially disturbing to output.
Adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply needs the better switching frequency adjustment device of performance, mainly includes following part:
1. it needs the adjustment of accurate frequency, guarantee frequency reducing sufficiently and not excessively, i.e., enough adequately under the premise of keep as far as possible
High switching frequency.With keep output ripple minimum and internal compensation circuit it is effective.
2. it needs energy quick response to cope with the quick voltage variation that automobile batteries is likely to occur.
3. it needs frequency adjustment movement smooth soft, to output disturbance as small as possible.
Simple switching frequency adjustment device is difficult to realize these requirements in the past, and new switching frequency adjustment circuit is needed to set
Meter is to meet.
In the following, needing the principle of frequency modulation: output frequency, input voltage, output by calculating analysis adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply
Voltage and the minimum relationship opened with the minimum turn-off time.
VIN=VOUT/D=VOUT/ (TON*F)<formula one>
F: oscillator output frequencies F=1/T
T: oscillator exports the period
VIN: input voltage
VOUT: output voltage
D: duty ratio
TON: opening time
D=TON*F
According to<formula one>, when input voltage rises, the opening time must just decline to guarantee that formula is set up, but the smallest open
Opening the time is limited, when activated between when dropping to the minimum opening time, it is necessary to reduce output frequency with guarantee formula after
It is continuous to set up.
In contrast, when the output voltage drops, the opening time must just rise (i.e. the turn-off time declines) to guarantee public affairs
Formula is set up, and the smallest turn-off time is also limited, when the turn-off time dropping to the minimum turn-off time, it is also desirable to reduce output
Frequency is to guarantee that formula continues to set up.
It is the principle that adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply needs frequency modulation above.
The circuit diagram of the switching frequency adjustment apparatus structure of previous adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply is referring to Fig. 1, and circuit diagram is by 3 portions
It is grouped as.
1. input voltage detector: function be input voltage compared with several voltage references, obtain input voltage institute
The voltage range at place, and generate digitally encoded signal output.Voltage range set by this mode cannot be too many, usually only divides
Three sections, i.e., excessively high section is every (needing frequency modulation), too low section (needing frequency modulation) and suitable interval.
2. frequency selector: function is to generate digitally encoded signal according to input voltage detector, selects suitable work
Frequency, and generate frequency selection signal output, usually simple Digital Logical Circuits.
3. oscillator: function is the working frequency benchmark for generating clock signal as adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply, its output
Frequency is selected with regard to frequency selector.
Suitable oscillator output frequencies are by input voltage, and output voltage and minimum unlatching are common with the minimum turn-off time
It determines, and the structure must select the permission of preinstalled circuit defeated due to only detecting input voltage, designer when designing circuit
Voltage range and minimum open are calculated with the minimum turn-off time out, and then it is defeated with oscillator to preset input voltage section
The corresponding relationship of frequency out.
Previous structure Design and Calculation according to drawing 1 is illustrated:
Assuming that the normal working frequency of an adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply is 2MHz, input voltage range is 6V ~ 36V, output voltage
Range is 3V ~ 5.5V, and the minimum opening time of design is 100ns, and the minimum turn-off time is that 100ns. can then be calculated, the power supply
It can work when input voltage is between 6.875V ~ 15V in 2MHz, not need frequency reducing rate in the section 6V ~ 6.875V, to meet
It being worked normally when exporting 5.5V, working frequency needs to drop to 1.67MHz, and in the section 15V ~ 36V, it is exported to meet normal when 3V
Work, working frequency need to drop to 833KHz.
By this calculated example it will be seen that previous structure is being set because determining working frequency according only to input voltage
Timing needs to consider that amount of frequency redution is able to satisfy the entire normal work for allowing output area, must just carry out substantially frequency reducing.To band
Frequency response after carrying out frequency reducing, the decline of the performances such as ripple.At the same time, so significantly frequency reducing is inevitably brought to output
Temporary disturbance problem, and need to design other structures and disturbance is compensated.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of accurate quickly sound
The adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster answered, to meet application end to the performance requirement of switch frequency adjuster.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is using following technical solution:
A kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response, including the adjustment of frequency modulation determining device, N bit frequency
Device, oscillator, the output of the frequency modulation determining device connect N bit frequency adjuster, and the output of the N bit frequency adjuster connects oscillation
Device, the output of the oscillator are connected to frequency modulation determining device, form the control loop of closed loop.
As a preferred embodiment, frequency modulation determining device is to input voltage, output voltage, minimum opening time, minimum turn-off
Time carries out processing analysis and oscillator output frequencies feedback and carries out real-time judge to frequency modulation determining device, and output judges signal,
This judges that signal carries whether oscillator output frequencies meet the judging result for working normally and requiring, then is input to N bit frequency
Adjuster, N bit frequency adjuster is adjusted according to the output of frequency modulation determining device in real time again, until the output frequency of oscillator
Stablize in just suitable frequency.
As a preferred embodiment, the frequency modulation determining device includes the first logic subtracter, the second logic subtracter, first
Analog subtracter, the second analog subtracter, first integrator, second integral device, third integral device, the 4th integrator, the first ratio
Compared with device, the second comparator or door；The first logic subtracter is electrically connected at first integrator, the first analog subtracter electricity
Property is connected to second integral device, and the first integrator and second integral device are electrically connected at first comparator；Second logic simultaneously
Subtracter and the second analog subtracter are electrically connected at third integral device, and third integral device and the 4th integrator are electrically connected
In the second comparator；First comparator and the second comparator is all connected to or door.
As a preferred embodiment, the first logic subtracter of oscillator output frequencies and minimum opening time access, first
Logic subtracter calculates the minimum opening time in period-, is sent into first integrator, while output voltage also accesses first integral
Device calculates (minimum opening time in period -) * by first integrator and exports, this output accesses in first comparator again；
At the same time, input power and output voltage are also linked into the first analog subtracter, calculate input power-output,
It is linked into second integral device again, while the minimum opening time is also accessed in second integral device, is calculated by second integral device (defeated
Enter power supply-output) the * minimum opening time, then access in first comparator；
First comparator calculates frequency modulation and judges signal 1, access or door；
Oscillator output frequencies and minimum turn-off time are also linked into the second logic subtracter, and the second logic subtracter calculates week
Minimum turn-off time phase-is linked into third integral device, while input power and output voltage are also linked into the second analog subtraction
Device, second analog subtracter calculate input power-output, access third integral device, calculate (week by third integral device
Minimum turn-off time phase -) * (input power-output), is accessed in the second comparator；
At the same time, minimum turn-off time and output voltage also access the 4th integrator, calculate output * most by the 4th integrator
The small turn-off time is accessed in the second comparator；
Second comparator calculates frequency modulation and judges signal 2, access or door；
Or door is selected and suitably judges that signal is output to N bit frequency adjuster.
As a preferred embodiment, the work of the frequency modulation determining device is based on following formula
TON needs to be greater than the smallest opening time TON_MIN when unlatching.
That is TON > TON_MIN
VIN=VOUT/D=VOUT/ (TON*F)<formula one>can be evolved into:
TON=(VOUT*T)/VIN
So (VOUT*T)/VIN > TON_MIN,
That is VOUT > TON_MIN* VIN/ T=D_MIN*VIN
Wherein TON_MIN is the minimum opening time, and D_MIN is minimum duty cycle, and D_MIN=TON_MIN/T slightly develops, above formula
It can be rewritten as:
VOUT*(T-TON_MIN)>(VIN-VOUT)*TON_MIN
If present operating frequency sets up above-mentioned inequality, do not need to carry out frequency modulation；Conversely, then needing to turn down work frequency
Rate；
On the contrary, the turn-off time is also greater than the minimum turn-off time；
That is TOFF > TOFF_MIN
Similarly, can develop out:
(VIN-VOUT)*(T-TOFF_MIN)>VOUT*TOFF_MIN
If present operating frequency sets up above-mentioned inequality, do not need to carry out frequency modulation；Conversely, then needing to turn down work frequency
Rate.
As a preferred embodiment, the N bit frequency adjuster is 8 bit frequency adjusters.
The present invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects compared with the existing technology, specifically, by above-mentioned technical proposal
It is found that of the invention with feedback, accurate, quick response, the adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of no output disturbance
The circuit diagram of design, circuit structure include 3 parts: frequency modulation determining device, N bit frequency adjuster, oscillator.Circuit is according to current
Input and output voltage and current circuit minimax duty ratio, the switching frequency of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply is carried out real-time
, the dynamic adjustment of Cycle by Cycle, and adjustment result is fed back into detection circuit and is rejudged, thus accurately by adjusting and voltage-reduction switch
The switching frequency of power supply is stablized in the peak for guaranteeing that it is worked normally.Frequency adjustment movement is smooth soft, not to output voltage
Generate disturbance.The present invention provides following characteristics:
1, new frequency modulation detection and decision circuitry are designed, current input voltage, output voltage, current maximum, minimum are detected
These signals are introduced decision circuitry by turn-off time signal, and whether the decision circuitry for obtaining these information can be to currently needing
It does frequency adjustment and makes accurate judgement.
2, whether frequency adjusted returns to detection circuit as detection variable feedback, judge to have adjusted in place.
3, judgement is that Cycle by Cycle carries out, the achievable one-time detection judgement of each switch periods, and is adjusted immediately
Movement, does not need the integral process for doing error, so as to realize quick adjustment.
4, frequency modulation movement also Cycle by Cycle carry out, can't occurrence frequency big spoke jump, output voltage is not generated and is disturbed
It is dynamic.
It is corresponding to it, previous frequency adjusting device is open loop (no feedback), is made slightly only according to input voltage
Adjustment slightly, thus the frequency response to Switching Power Supply, the influence of the performances such as ripple are significant and can also be to outputs in adjustment moment
Disturbance is generated, the present invention overcomes the deficiency of previous circuit completely.
In order to explain the structural features and functions of the invention more clearly, come with reference to the accompanying drawing with specific embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the switching frequency adjustment apparatus structure of existing adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the switching frequency adjustment apparatus structure of the adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply of embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the frequency modulation determining device of embodiments of the present invention.
Description of drawing identification:
10, frequency modulation determining device 101, the first logic subtracter
102, the second logic subtracter 103, the first analog subtracter
104, the second analog subtracter 105, first integrator
106, second integral device 107, third integral device
108, the 4th integral 109, first comparator
110, the second comparator 111 or door
20, N bit frequency adjuster 30, oscillator.
Specific embodiment
It is that a kind of band is anti-that show the specific structure of the preferred embodiments of the invention referring to figure 2. and shown in Fig. 3
It is feedback, accurate, quick response, the circuit diagram of the adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster design of no output disturbance, circuit
Structure includes 3 parts: frequency modulation determining device 10, N bit frequency adjuster 20, oscillator 30.
Wherein, the function of the frequency modulation determining device 10 is to input voltage, output voltage, minimum opening time, and minimum is closed
Disconnected time, 30 output frequency of oscillator carry out processing analysis, and whether 30 output frequency of oscillator, which meets, works normally sentencing for requirement
Disconnected result.These input signals of frequency modulation determining device 10 include judging whether 30 output frequency of oscillator meets normal work and want
All elements asked, thus accurate result can be directly obtained.
The function of the N bit frequency adjuster is to be made according to the output of frequency modulation determining device 10 to the frequency of oscillator 30
Adjustment movement downward or upward.One 8 frequency adjusters can make the intense adjustment movement of every step 0.4% to frequency.
The function of the oscillator 30 is the working frequency benchmark for generating clock signal as adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply, it
Output frequency is controlled by N bit frequency adjuster.
The output of the frequency modulation determining device 10 connects N bit frequency adjuster 20, and the output of the N bit frequency adjuster 20 connects vibration
Device 30 is swung, the output of the oscillator 30 is connected to frequency modulation determining device 10, forms the control loop of closed loop.Each input signal: input
Power supply, output voltage, minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and 30 output frequency of oscillator are input to frequency modulation determining device 10,
The output frequency feedback of oscillator 30 carries out real-time judge to frequency modulation determining device 10, and N bit frequency adjuster judges according to frequency modulation again
The output of device 10 is adjusted in real time, until the output frequency of oscillator 30 is stablized in just suitable frequency.
In the present embodiment, the design of frequency modulation determining device 10 is as follows: frequency modulation determining device 10 include the first logic subtracter 101,
Second logic subtracter 102, the first analog subtracter 103, the second analog subtracter 104, first integrator 105, second integral
Device 106, third integral device 107, the 4th integrator 108, first comparator 109, the second comparator 110 or door 111.
Wherein, the first logic subtracter 101 is electrically connected at first integrator 105, and the first analog subtracter 103 electrically connects
It is connected to second integral device 106, the first integrator 105 and second integral device 106 are electrically connected at first comparator 109.Meanwhile
Second logic subtracter 102 and the second analog subtracter 104 are electrically connected at third integral device 107,107 He of third integral device
4th integrator 108 is electrically connected at the second comparator 110；First comparator 109 and the second comparator 110 be all connected to or
Door 111.
30 output frequency of oscillator and minimum opening time access the first logic subtracter 101, the first logic subtracter 101
The minimum opening time in period-is calculated, is sent into first integrator 105, while output voltage also accesses first integrator 105, by
First integrator 105 calculates (minimum opening time in period -) * output, this output is accessed again in first comparator 109.
At the same time, input power and output voltage are also linked into the first analog subtracter 103, calculate input electricity
Source-output, then be linked into second integral device 106, while the minimum opening time is also accessed in second integral device 106, by second
Integrator 106 calculates (input power-output) * minimum opening time, then accesses in first comparator 109.
First comparator 109 calculates frequency modulation and judges signal 1, access or door 111.
30 output frequency of oscillator and minimum turn-off time are also linked into the second logic subtracter 102, the second logic subtraction
Device 102 calculates the minimum turn-off time in period-, is linked into third integral device 107, while input power and output voltage also access
To the second analog subtracter 104, which calculates input power-output, accesses third integral device 107,
(minimum turn-off time in period -) * (input power-output) is calculated by third integral device 107, is accessed in the second comparator 110.
At the same time, minimum turn-off time and output voltage also access the 4th integrator 108, are transported by the 4th integrator 108
The output * minimum turn-off time is calculated, is accessed in the second comparator 110.
Second comparator 110 calculates frequency modulation and judges signal 2, access or door 111.
Or door 111 is selected and suitably judges that signal is output to N bit frequency adjuster 20.
Whether frequency modulation determining device 10 currently needs to adjust the circuit of frequency as judgement.Its working principle is based on following
It calculates:
(TON) needs to be greater than the smallest opening time (TON_MIN) when unlatching.
That is TON > TON_MIN
<formula one>can be evolved into:
TON=(VOUT*T)/VIN
So (VOUT*T)/VIN > TON_MIN,
That is VOUT > TON_MIN* VIN/ T=D_MIN*VIN
Wherein TON_MIN is the minimum opening time, and D_MIN is minimum duty cycle, and D_MIN=TON_MIN/T slightly develops, above formula
It can be rewritten as:
VOUT*(T-TON_MIN)>(VIN-VOUT)*TON_MIN
If present operating frequency sets up above-mentioned inequality, do not need to carry out frequency modulation.Conversely, then needing to turn down work frequency
Rate.
On the contrary, the turn-off time is also greater than the minimum turn-off time.
That is TOFF > TOFF_MIN
Similarly, can develop out:
(VIN-VOUT)*(T-TOFF_MIN)>VOUT*TOFF_MIN
If present operating frequency sets up above-mentioned inequality, do not need to carry out frequency modulation.Conversely, then needing to turn down work frequency
Rate.
Calculation formula based on the design of frequency modulation determining device 10 can also deduce out other concrete forms, to generate not
Same circuit framework, these frameworks are all in scope of a declaration of the invention.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the scope of the present invention,
Therefore any subtle modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention, still
Belong in the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response, it is characterised in that: judge including frequency modulation
The output of device, N bit frequency adjuster, oscillator, the frequency modulation determining device connects N bit frequency adjuster, the N bit frequency adjuster
Connection oscillator is exported, the output of the oscillator is connected to frequency modulation determining device, forms the control loop of closed loop.
2. a kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response according to claim 1, special
Sign is: frequency modulation determining device carries out processing analysis to input voltage, output voltage, minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time, with
And oscillator output frequencies feedback carries out real-time judge to frequency modulation determining device, output judges signal, which carries vibration
It swings whether device output frequency meets the judging result for working normally and requiring, then is input to N bit frequency adjuster, the adjustment of N bit frequency
Device is adjusted according to the output of frequency modulation determining device in real time again, until the output frequency of oscillator is stablized in just suitable frequency
On.
3. a kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the frequency modulation determining device includes the first logic subtracter, the second logic subtracter, the first analog subtracter, the second mould
Quasi- subtracter, first integrator, second integral device, third integral device, the 4th integrator, first comparator, the second comparator or
Door；The first logic subtracter is electrically connected at first integrator, and the first analog subtracter is electrically connected at second integral device,
The first integrator and second integral device are electrically connected at first comparator；Second logic subtracter and the second analog subtraction simultaneously
Device is electrically connected at third integral device, and third integral device and the 4th integrator are electrically connected at the second comparator；First ratio
Compared with device and the second comparator is all connected to or door.
4. a kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response according to claim 3, special
Sign is:
Oscillator output frequencies and minimum opening time access the first logic subtracter, and the first logic subtracter calculates the period-
The minimum opening time is sent into first integrator, while output voltage also accesses first integrator, is calculated by first integrator
(minimum opening time in period -) * output, this output access in first comparator again；
At the same time, input power and output voltage are also linked into the first analog subtracter, calculate input power-output,
It is linked into second integral device again, while the minimum opening time is also accessed in second integral device, is calculated by second integral device (defeated
Enter power supply-output) the * minimum opening time, then access in first comparator；
First comparator calculates frequency modulation and judges signal 1, access or door；
Oscillator output frequencies and minimum turn-off time are also linked into the second logic subtracter, and the second logic subtracter calculates week
Minimum turn-off time phase-is linked into third integral device, while input power and output voltage are also linked into the second analog subtraction
Device, second analog subtracter calculate input power-output, access third integral device, calculate (week by third integral device
Minimum turn-off time phase -) * (input power-output), is accessed in the second comparator；
At the same time, minimum turn-off time and output voltage also access the 4th integrator, calculate output * most by the 4th integrator
The small turn-off time is accessed in the second comparator；
Second comparator calculates frequency modulation and judges signal 2, access or door；
Or door is selected and suitably judges that signal is output to N bit frequency adjuster.
5. a kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response according to claim 1 or 4,
Be characterized in that: the work of the frequency modulation determining device is based on following formula
TON needs to be greater than the smallest opening time TON_MIN when unlatching；
That is TON > TON_MIN
VIN=VOUT/D=VOUT/ (TON*F)<formula one>can be evolved into:
TON=(VOUT*T)/VIN
So (VOUT*T)/VIN > TON_MIN,
That is VOUT > TON_MIN* VIN/ T=D_MIN*VIN
Wherein TON_MIN is the minimum opening time, and D_MIN is minimum duty cycle, and D_MIN=TON_MIN/T slightly develops, above formula
It can be rewritten as:
VOUT*(T-TON_MIN)>(VIN-VOUT)*TON_MIN
If present operating frequency sets up above-mentioned inequality, do not need to carry out frequency modulation；Conversely, then needing to turn down work frequency
Rate；
On the contrary, the turn-off time is also greater than the minimum turn-off time；
That is TOFF > TOFF_MIN
Similarly, can develop out:
(VIN-VOUT)*(T-TOFF_MIN)>VOUT*TOFF_MIN
If present operating frequency sets up above-mentioned inequality, do not need to carry out frequency modulation；Conversely, then needing to turn down work frequency
Rate.
6. a kind of adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power switch frequency adjuster of accurate quick response according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the N bit frequency adjuster is 8 bit frequency adjusters.
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| CN113049048A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 比特大陆科技有限公司 | Voltage adjustment method and device and processing equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113049048A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 比特大陆科技有限公司 | Voltage adjustment method and device and processing equipment |
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