CN109818152A - A kind of line-circular polarisation converter surpassing surface based on resonant cavity - Google Patents
A kind of line-circular polarisation converter surpassing surface based on resonant cavity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of line-circular polarisation converters for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, for solving the problems, such as that existing super surface cannot achieve dualbeam double-circle polarization and wave beam while regulate and control, super surface cell including e × f periodic arrangement, e >=2, f >=2, the super surface cell, including l super surface subelements, l >=3, the super surface subelement, including medium substrate, it is printed on the metal patch of the medium substrate or more plate face, it is printed on the metal patch of upper and lower the plate face side's of being etched with c-type gap and rectangular aperture respectively, and the position of each super surface subelement adjacent periphery, it is provided with multiple metallization VIAs；When x polarized wave is propagated along positive z-axis, transmitted wave is a left-hand circular polarization wave and a right-handed circular polarization wave, and the direction of propagation of the two circularly polarised waves is symmetrical about x-axis.The present invention is directed toward dualbeam and realizes regulation, can be used for the wireless communication systems such as satellite and radar detection while realizing dual polarization conversion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave technical fields, are related to a kind of line-circular polarisation converter for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, can use
In wireless communication and field of radar.
Background technique
Polarization mode is one of most basic feature of electromagnetic wave, and common polarization mode has linear polarization, circular polarisation and ellipse
Polarization, wherein circular polarisation can be divided into left-hand circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization again.In different wireless communication systems, to electromagnetic wave
Polarization mode require be different.For example communicated between ground and satellite using circular polarisation electromagnetic wave, radar system is used
Two kinds of orthogonal linear polarizations or two kinds of orthogonal circular polarisation electromagnetic waves carry out detection scanning etc..
With science and technology it is increasingly developed, the wireless communication systems such as satellite are towards multifunction, miniaturization, to electromagnetism tune
The individual requirement for controlling equipment is also higher and higher, therefore can be achieved at the same time the electromagnetism of a variety of polarized states and beam position regulation
Equipment has great importance to wireless communication systems such as satellite and radar detections.The existing regulation for electromagnetic wave designs,
Usually be only capable of realize simple beam polarized state conversion while realize beam position deviation, it is difficult to realize partial wave design and it is same
When manipulate the polarized state and beam position of each beam component.For example, application publication number is 108429015 A of CN, it is entitled
The Chinese patent of " a kind of super surface meniscus reflecting mirror that polarized state regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position ", it is anti-to disclose a kind of concave surface
Mirror structure is penetrated, which uses various sizes of man-made structures unit, regulation while realizing polarized state and beam position,
But a kind of its regulation for being only able to achieve polarized state simultaneously.For another example, application publication number be 108183291 A of CN, entitled " one
The Chinese patent of transmission-type multilayer polarization conversion structure of the kind based on SIW ", discloses a kind of transmission-type multilayer pole based on SIW
Change transformational structure, the structure by three metal layers use SIW structure, realize the deflection of electric field in this configuration, but
It is only able to achieve the conversion between linear polarization and beam position can not regulate and control.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, propose a kind of to surpass surface based on resonant cavity in view of the deficiency of the prior art
Line-circular polarisation converter, it is intended to realize polarization converter dualbeam double-circle polarization using the super surface of resonant cavity and beam position can
The characteristic of tune.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of line-circular polarisation converter surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, the super surface including e × f periodic arrangement are single
Member, e >=2, f >=2, which is characterized in that the super surface cell, including l evenly arranged super surface subelements 1, l >=3, institute
Stating super surface subelement 1 includes medium substrate 11, the first metal patch 12 and lower face for being printed on 11 upper face of medium substrate
The second metal patch 13, the position of super 1 adjacent periphery of surface subelement is provided with multiple connection 12 Hes of the first metal patch
The metallization VIA 14 of second metal patch 13；The center of first metal patch 12 is etched with square C shape gap 121；
Rectangular aperture 131 is etched on second metal patch 13；With any one super surface subelement 1 at super surface cell both ends
For starting point, c-th surpass the super surface subelement of the opening direction relative to start position in square C shape gap 121 in surface subelement 1
The rotation angle of the opening direction in square C shape gap is β in 1c, βc=(c-1) * δ ', 1≤c≤l, δ '=360 °/l.
Above-mentioned line-circular polarisation the converter for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, the square C shape gap 121, geometric center and the
The geometric center of one metal patch 12 is overlapped, and three edge lengths in the square C shape gap 121 are equal.
Above-mentioned line-circular polarisation the converter for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, the multiple metallization VIA 14, adjacent metal
The distance between via hole center is D,And D < 4d, d are the diameter of metallization VIA, λ0It is electromagnetic wave certainly
By the wavelength in space, εrIt is the relative dielectric constant of medium substrate.
Above-mentioned line-circular polarisation the converter for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, the position setting of super 1 adjacent periphery of surface subelement
Multiple metallization VIAs 14 and be printed on the first metal patch 12 of 11 upper face of medium substrate, the second metal patch of lower face
Piece 13 forms a resonant cavity, and the mode of resonance of resonant cavity is TMmn0, m >=1, n >=1, the resonance frequency of resonant cavity is fr:
Wherein,c0It is the light velocity, d is the diameter of metallization VIA, and D is each side C
The distance of adjacent aperture centers, ε in multiple metallization VIAs of shape gap unilateral side settingrIt is the relative dielectric constant of medium substrate, W
It is two side lengths of super surface subelement with L.
Above-mentioned line-circular polarisation the converter for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, the l rectangular aperture 131, long side and super table
The orientation of face unit is parallel.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantage that
Multiple metallization VIAs of super surface subelement adjacent periphery position form resonant cavity in the present invention, in resonance
Mode of resonance TM is generated in chamber110, the electric field by different square C shape slot electromagnetic waves is made by square C shape gap opening direction difference
Direction is different, and is successively rotated by adjacent square C shape gap opening direction and total rotation angle is in a super surface cell
360 °, so that the phase gradient of left-hand circular polarization component and right-handed circular polarization component is on the contrary, solve existing polarization converter only
It can realize the regulation that beam position is realized while the conversion of simple beam polarized state, the dualbeam for realizing polarization converter is double
Circular polarisation and the adjustable characteristic of beam position.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the super surface cell schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the super surface subelement schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is the super surface subelement upper and lower surface schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 5 is that the transmissivity of the super surface subelement of the present invention and transmission phase become in 15GHz with square C shape gap opening direction
Change figure；
Fig. 6 be the super surface subelement of the present invention equivalent circular polarisation transmissivity and transmission phase in 15GHz with square C shape gap
Opening direction；
Fig. 7 is that the yz plane in 15GHz of the embodiment of the present invention 1,2,3,4 normalizes far field intensity；
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig.1, the present invention includes the super surface cell of 4 × 16 periodic arrangements, the super surface cell, in x-axis
It is respectively as follows: 8.16mm and 32.64mm with the arrangement period of y-axis.
Referring to Fig. 2, the super surface cell, including 4 evenly arranged super surface subelements 1.
Referring to Fig. 3, the super surface subelement 1, four edge lengths are p and p=8.16mm, including medium substrate 11, print
System is in the first metal patch 12 of 11 upper face of medium substrate and the second metal patch 13 of lower face；Medium substrate 31 it is opposite
Permittivity εr=3.5, with a thickness of 3mm, the position of super 1 adjacent periphery of surface subelement is provided with 32 the first gold medals of connection
Belong to the metallization VIA 14 of patch 12 and the second metal patch 13, the distance between adjacent metal via hole center is D=
1.02mm, the diameter d=0.6mm of metallization VIA, 32 metallization VIAs 14 and the first metal patch 12, the second gold medal
Belong to patch 13 and form a resonant cavity, the mode of resonance of resonant cavity is TM110, the resonance frequency of resonant cavity is 15GHz；Described
The center of one metal patch 12 is etched with square C shape gap 121；Rectangular aperture is etched on second metal patch 13
131；It is starting point with any one super surface subelement 1 at super surface cell both ends, c-th surpasses square C shape in surface subelement 1 and stitch
The opening direction of gap 121 is relative to the rotation angle of the opening direction in square C shape gap in the super surface subelement 1 of start position
βc, βc=(c-1) * δ ', 1≤c≤4, δ '=90 °, each square C shape gap 321 passes through 321 electromagnetism of square C shape gap for controlling
The direction of an electric field of wave keeps the direction of an electric field of electromagnetic wave parallel with the opening direction in square C shape gap 321.
Referring to Fig. 4 (a), the square C shape gap 121, geometric center is overlapped with the geometric center of the first metal patch 12,
And the square C shape gap 121 three edge lengths are equal and length is a, width t=0.4mm.
Referring to Fig. 4 (b), the rectangular aperture 131, length b, width t=0.4mm, long side and super surface subelement
Orientation it is parallel and 131 geometric center of rectangular aperture is s=3mm with 13 geometric center of the second metal patch at a distance from.
41 opening direction of square C shape gap and x-axis forward direction angle are δ, when δ variation, to guarantee super surface subelement 1
Transmission frequency need to be finely adjusted size a and b in 15GHz, and when δ=0 °, a=2.63mm, b=5.27mm.
Embodiment 2, the structure of the present embodiment only adjust such as flowering structure compared with the structure in embodiment 1:
The present invention includes the super surface cell of 2 × 16 periodic arrangements, the super surface cell, in the row of x-axis and y-axis
The cloth period is respectively as follows: 8.16mm and 65.28mm.The super surface cell, including 8 evenly arranged super surface subelements 1, with
The super surface subelement 1 of any one of super surface cell both ends is starting point, c-th surpasses square C shape gap 121 in surface subelement 1
Opening direction relative to the opening direction in square C shape gap in the super surface subelement 1 of start position rotation angle be βc, βc
=(c-1) * δ ', 1≤c≤8, δ '=45 °.
Embodiment 3, the structure of the present embodiment only adjust such as flowering structure compared with the structure in embodiment 1:
The present invention includes the super surface cell of 3 × 18 periodic arrangements, the super surface cell, in the row of x-axis and y-axis
The cloth period is respectively as follows: 8.16mm and 48.96mm.The super surface cell, including 6 evenly arranged super surface subelements 1, with
The super surface subelement 1 of any one of super surface cell both ends is starting point, c-th surpasses square C shape gap 121 in surface subelement 1
Opening direction relative to the opening direction in square C shape gap in the super surface subelement 1 of start position rotation angle be βc, βc
=(c-1) * δ ', 1≤c≤6, δ '=60 °.
Embodiment 4, the structure of the present embodiment only adjust such as flowering structure compared with the structure in embodiment 1:
The present invention includes the super surface cell of 6 × 18 periodic arrangements, the super surface cell, in the row of x-axis and y-axis
The cloth period is respectively as follows: 8.16mm and 24.48mm.The super surface cell, including 6 evenly arranged super surface subelements 1, with
The super surface subelement 1 of any one of super surface cell both ends is starting point, c-th surpasses square C shape gap 121 in surface subelement 1
Opening direction relative to the opening direction in square C shape gap in the super surface subelement 1 of start position rotation angle be βc, βc
=(c-1) * δ ', 1≤c≤3, δ '=120 °.
The working principle of the invention is that rectangular aperture 131 is used for the x polarized electromagnetic wave that will be propagated in the z-directionIt is coupled into
Resonant cavity forms mode of resonance TE101, square C shape gap 121 is used for TE101Mode releases to form transmitted waveLead to super table
The direction of an electric field of face unit transmitted wave is identical as the opening direction in square C shape gap 121 in the super surface subelement, and any one
The polarized electromagnetic wave of kind can be equivalent to the superposition of two orthogonal circular polarizations electromagnetic waves, adjacent super surface in super surface cell
Square C shape gap 121 in unit 1 is rotated according to the same direction and the variation of l 360 ° of 121 opening direction of square C shape gap completion,
And the equivalent dextrorotation phase of transmitted waveWith equivalent left-handed phaseMeet respectivelyTherefore should
Phase gradient of the super surface in the direction y beThe right-handed circular polarization of transmitted wave
Refraction angle with left-hand circular polarization component is respectively-θ and θ.Therefore, the polarization converter in the present invention can be by incident line pole
Change electromagnetic wave and be divided into a left-hand circular polarization wave and a right-handed circular polarization wave, and the direction propagated of the two circularly polarised waves about
X-axis is symmetrical, has not only realized double anomalous refractions but also has realized the conversion of linear polarization to circular polarisation.
Below by way of emulation experiment, technical effect of the invention is described further.
1, simulated conditions and content.
Below based on the emulation experiment that the embodiment of the present invention is carried out, CST MICROWAVE STUDIO simulation software is utilized
It completes.
Emulation 1 emulates transmissivity of the super surface subelement in 15GHz and transmission phase with δ variation, emulation knot
Shown in fruit such as Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b)；
Emulation 2 changes equivalent circular polarisation transmissivity of the super surface subelement in 15GHz and transmission phase with δ and carries out
Shown in emulation, simulation result such as Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)；
Emulation 3 emulates the yz plane normalization far field intensity of the embodiment of the present invention 1,2,3,4, and simulation result is such as
Shown in Fig. 7 (a), 7 (b), 7 (c) and 7 (d).
2, analysis of simulation result
Referring to Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b), transmissivity and transmission phase of the super surface subelement in resonant transmission frequency point 15GHz
Position in the opening direction in square C shape gap and the angle of x-axis from when changing to 90 ° for 0 °, total transmittance | T |2=| Txx|2+|Tyx|2≈
1 and transmission phaseIt can be substantially kept at 100% and 0 ° or so in resonant transmission frequency point, not with square C shape
The variation of the angle of gap opening direction and x-axis and change.
Referring to Fig. 6 (a), equivalent right-handed circular polarization and left-handed circle of the super surface subelement in resonant transmission frequency point 15GHz
Polarization components respectively account for the transmission energy of half, and do not change with the variation of square C shape gap opening direction and the angle of x-axis.
Referring to Fig. 6 (b), equivalent dextrorotation phase of the super surface subelement in resonant transmission frequency point 15GHzWith an equivalent left side
Revolve phaseNumerical value opposite number each other, and it is as the slope that δ changes is two opposite constants, this equivalent circularly polarised wave
Transmission characteristic, a regulation dextrorotation and left side can be gone by the opening direction in the square C shape gap on the simple super surface of rotary harmonic chamber
The effective transmission phase of hand circular polarization wave, and the biography of equivalent circularly polarised wave can be kept when rotating square C shape gap opening direction
Defeated amplitude does not change, and according to broad sense Snell law, the phase gradient of super surface cell isThe right-handed circular polarization of transmitted wave and the refraction angle of left-hand circular polarization component
Respectively-θ and θ.
Referring to Fig. 7 (a), l=4 in embodiment 1, then δ '=360 °/l=90 °, phase gradient, which is thus calculated, isTherefore design anomalous refraction angle θ=38 °, simulation result
Beam position and circular polarization characteristics are consistent with design result, realize birefringent polarization conversion.
Referring to Fig. 7 (b), l=8 in embodiment 2, then δ '=360 °/l=45 °, phase gradient, which is thus calculated, isTherefore design anomalous refraction angle θ=18 °, simulation result
Beam position and circular polarization characteristics are consistent with design result, realize birefringent polarization conversion.
Referring to Fig. 7 (c), l=6 in embodiment 3, then δ '=360 °/l=60 °, phase gradient, which is thus calculated, isTherefore design anomalous refraction angle θ=24 °, simulation result
Beam position and circular polarization characteristics are consistent with design result, realize birefringent polarization conversion.
Referring to Fig. 7 (d), l=3 in embodiment 1, then δ '=360 °/l=120 °, phase gradient, which is thus calculated, isTherefore design anomalous refraction angle θ=54 °, simulation result
Beam position and circular polarization characteristics are consistent with design result, realize birefringent polarization conversion.
Above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not limited the invention, for the general of this field
For logical technical staff, the several modifications and improvements that can be made under the premise of not departing from innovation thinking of the present invention, but this
A little change all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of line-circular polarisation converter for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, the super surface cell including e × f periodic arrangement,
E >=2, f >=2, which is characterized in that the super surface cell, including l evenly arranged super surface subelements (1), l >=3, institute
Stating super surface subelement (1) includes medium substrate (11), the first metal patch (12) for being printed on medium substrate (11) upper face
With the second metal patch (13) of lower face, the position of super surface subelement (1) adjacent periphery is provided with multiple connections first
The metallization VIA (14) of metal patch (12) and the second metal patch (13)；The center of first metal patch (12)
It is etched with square C shape gap (121)；Rectangular aperture (131) are etched on second metal patch (13)；With super surface cell two
Any one super surface subelement (1) at end is starting point, c-th surpasses the opening of square C shape gap (121) in surface subelement (1)
Direction is β relative to the rotation angle of the opening direction in square C shape gap in the super surface subelement (1) of start positionc, βc=(c-
1) * δ ', 1≤c≤l, δ '=360 °/l.
2. line-circular polarisation the converter according to claim 1 for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, which is characterized in that the side C
Shape gap (121), geometric center are overlapped with the geometric center of the first metal patch (12), and the three of the square C shape gap (121)
Edge lengths are equal.
3. line-circular polarisation the converter according to claim 1 for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, which is characterized in that described more
A metallization VIA (14), the distance between adjacent metal via hole center are D,And D < 4d, d are metals
Change the diameter of via hole, λ0Wavelength for electromagnetic wave in free space, εrIt is the relative dielectric constant of medium substrate.
4. line-circular polarisation the converter according to claim 1 for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, which is characterized in that super surface
Multiple metallization VIAs (14) of the position setting of subelement (1) adjacent periphery and it is printed on the of medium substrate (11) upper face
One metal patch (12), the second metal patch (13) of lower face form a resonant cavity, and the mode of resonance of resonant cavity is TMmn0,
M >=1, n >=1, the resonance frequency of resonant cavity are fr:
Wherein,c0It is the light velocity, d is the diameter of metallization VIA, and D is each square C shape seam
The distance of adjacent aperture centers, ε in multiple metallization VIAs of gap unilateral side settingrIt is the relative dielectric constant of medium substrate, W and L
It is two side lengths of super surface subelement.
5. line-circular polarisation the converter according to claim 1 for surpassing surface based on resonant cavity, which is characterized in that the l
Rectangular aperture (131), long side are parallel with the orientation of super surface subelement.
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| CN113517555A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-19 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Frequency selection structure and antenna housing with same |
| CN113517555B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2023-09-12 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Frequency selection structure and antenna housing with same |
| CN113381277A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Circular polarization laser of chiral metamaterial |
| CN115020989A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-09-06 | 盛纬伦(深圳)通信技术有限公司 | Chiral metamaterial unit and array capable of tuning linear circular polarization conversion |
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| CN109818152B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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