CN109818148B - Shipborne high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Shipborne high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109818148B CN109818148B CN201811550388.7A CN201811550388A CN109818148B CN 109818148 B CN109818148 B CN 109818148B CN 201811550388 A CN201811550388 A CN 201811550388A CN 109818148 B CN109818148 B CN 109818148B
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Abstract
A shipborne high-temperature resistant heat insulation antenna housing and a preparation method thereof relate to a composite antenna housingThe field of composite material structure forming method. The antenna housing aims to solve the problems of the prior ship-based radar antenna housing that the technical defect, the heat insulation performance are poor, the failure rate of the temperature control equipment matched with the antenna housing is high, and the investment cost of the temperature control equipment matched with the antenna housing is high. The radome wall structure is sequentially provided with a hydrophobic high-weather-resistance high-temperature-resistance coating on the outer surface, a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer on the outer surface, a polymethacrylimide foam core layer and polycrystalline alumina fiber reinforced SiO2Aerogel insulating layer, polymethacrylimide foam core layer, interior surface quartz fiber cloth reinforcing phenolic type vinyl resin structural layer, interior surface fluorine carbon mould proof coating. The invention is suitable for the field of ship-borne radars.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composite material structure forming methods, in particular to a ship-borne high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating antenna housing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The antenna housing is an important component of a radar system, the importance of the antenna housing lies in providing an all-weather working environment for the radar antenna housing, and for a ship-borne radar, the antenna housing enables the radar to work with high precision under various severe weather conditions, so that the reliability and the service life of the radar are greatly improved, and the maintenance and repair cost is reduced.
The navigation environment of the aircraft carrier on the sea is extremely severe, and a ship-borne radar system is required to be protected well, and the antenna housing is required to have multiple functions of high temperature resistance, salt mist resistance, humidity and heat resistance, solar radiation resistance and the like, and also has multiple functions of structural bearing, high wave-transmitting performance and the like. When an engine of a carrier-based aircraft (such as F-15 and F-35) works, the temperature of the flame of a nozzle can reach more than 1700 ℃, when the carrier-based aircraft passes through the antenna housing at a specific distance in the lifting process, high-temperature impact can be generated on the cover body of the antenna housing, the instantaneous temperature can reach 200 ℃, the existing antenna housing can bear the high-temperature impact generated in the lifting process of the carrier-based aircraft, but the heat insulation performance is poor, and the internal temperature of the antenna housing can be rapidly increased. The working environment temperature of the common carrier-based radar antenna cannot be higher than 60 ℃, and in order to ensure the normal work of the carrier-based radar antenna, the environment in the cover needs to be cooled by refrigeration equipment or ventilation equipment. The disadvantages of this cooling method are as follows:
firstly, the electronic temperature control equipment has a high failure rate, and the failure in combat readiness can cause the radar antenna to be incapable of working normally;
secondly, the carrier-based electronic temperature control equipment is expensive and large in investment;
thirdly, the equipment has larger volume and occupies the limited space on the ship;
therefore, at present, an antenna housing with high temperature resistance and heat insulation functions is urgently needed to improve the operational capability of the carrier-based radar antenna and guarantee the immediate combat of an aircraft carrier.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a ship-based high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of the prior ship-based radome that the technical defect is poor in heat-insulating performance, the failure rate of a temperature control device matched with the radome is high, and the input cost of the temperature control device matched with the radome is high.
The invention relates to a ship-borne high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome, the radome wall composition of which comprises a structure inner layer, a composite core layer and a structure outer layer which are compounded together;
the inner layer of the structure comprises an inner surface fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating and an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced phenolic vinyl resin structure layer from inside to outside;
the composite core layer comprises from inside to outside: first polymethacrylimide foaming core layer and polycrystalline alumina fiber reinforced SiO2The aerogel thermal insulation layer and the second polymethacrylimide foaming core layer;
the structure outer layer comprises from inside to outside: the outer surface is provided with a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer and a hydrophobic high-weather-resistant high-temperature-resistant coating;
a plurality of inner foaming core layer grooves which are communicated in a staggered mode are arranged on the surface, in contact with the quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structural layer, of the first polymethacrylimide foaming core layer, and a plurality of inner foaming core layer grooves which are communicated in a staggered mode are arranged on the surface, in contact with the quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structural layer, of the second polymethacrylimide foaming core layer.
The preparation method of the ship-borne high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome comprises the following specific steps:
process for preparing composite core layer
Step one, taking a polymethacrylimide foamed sheet with a design thickness of 7-35 mm, carrying out unilateral grooving treatment, wherein the grooving width is 1-2 mm, the grooving depth is 2-3 mm, the grooving distance is 40-50 mm, and grooving is carried out longitudinally and transversely;
overlapping the two grooved polymethacrylimide foamed plates, oppositely overlapping one side of each of the two plates which is not grooved, placing the side of each of the two plates into a metal clamp with the same shape as the radome, then placing the plates into a hot oven together for heating and shaping, wherein the shaping temperature is 190-210 ℃, the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, and then naturally cooling to room temperature;
preparing a fiber prefabricated part by adopting polycrystalline alumina fiber on a special forming die with the same shape as the radome, and then preparing SiO on the fiber prefabricated part2Filling the fiber prefabricated member with the sol, and obtaining the polycrystalline alumina fiber reinforced SiO through gel aging and drying processes2The aerogel composite material thermal insulation layer comprises polycrystalline alumina fibers and SiO210-15% of the total mass of the aerogel, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 1-3 mm;
process for preparing a structural inner layer and a structural outer layer
Step two, preparing a PTFE modified fluororesin coating as the outer surface hydrophobic high-weather-resistant high-temperature-resistant coating: spraying PTFE modified fluororesin coating on the surface of a forming die twice, wherein the thickness of the coating used in each time is 100-150 g/square meter, the total thickness is 200-500 mu m, curing is carried out at 20-25 ℃ after the spraying is finished, and the curing time is 7-8 h;
step three, preparing a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer on the outer surface: firstly, preparing resin for forming a primary finished product, namely modifying phenolic vinyl resin by using borosilicate hollow microspheres, wherein the particle size of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 10-200 mu m, the addition amount of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 8-10% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres and the phenolic vinyl resin, then adding an interface treating agent accounting for 2-6% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres, blending the raw materials at 30-40 ℃, adding 1-2% of an accelerant into a certain amount of resin after blending, fully mixing the resin with the accelerant, adding 1-4% of a curing agent, fully mixing the resin and the curing agent, and controlling the grease gelling time to be 30-90 min;
step four, preparing a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer on the outer surface: brushing a special interface treating agent on the surface of the cured PTFE modified fluororesin coating, and rolling and coating a modified phenolic vinyl resin after drying, wherein the using amount is 200g per square meter; laying a first layer of quartz fiber cloth in a layer laying starting direction of 0 degrees, fully laying the quartz fiber cloth at a position corresponding to a product of a forming die, and roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the laid quartz fiber cloth, wherein the dosage is 200 g/square meter; taking 0 degree in the initial direction of a paving layer as a reference, rotating 22.5 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a second layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving a forming die corresponding to a product position, roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200g per square meter, taking 0 degree in the initial direction of the paving layer as a reference, rotating 45 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a third layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving a cavity of the forming die, roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200g per square meter, taking 0 degree in the initial direction of the paving layer as a reference, rotating 67.5 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a fourth layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving the cavity of the forming die, roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200g per square meter; one layer of quartz fiber cloth is laid circularly in each of 0 degree, 22.5 degrees, 45 degrees and 67.5 degrees in the laying direction, and the thickness of the required structural layer can be obtained through one or more laying circulations;
compounding process
Step five, laying the prefabricated core layer: respectively roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surfaces of two layers of pre-shaped methacrylimide foamed plates,the dosage is 100 g/square meter, one side of the first layer of the methacrylimide foaming plate is arranged in a right direction to a forming die to be paved with a die cavity of the forming die, and the prefabricated polycrystalline alumina fiber reinforced SiO is laid2The aerogel composite material thermal insulation layer is 1-3 mm in thickness, is laid on the surface of the first layer of the methacrylimide foamed sheet according to the position of a cavity of a forming die, and is laid on the non-grooved side of the second layer of the methacrylimide foamed sheet in alignment with the forming die to fully fill the cavity of the forming die;
preparing an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer and an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer: controlling the resin gelling time of the inner surface structure layer and the outer surface structure layer within 30-90 min;
step seven, laying a vacuum auxiliary material layer: laying a polyester fiber demoulding cloth layer, an isolating film layer, a glue absorbing felt layer, a first polyamide vacuum bag film layer, an E30 surface felt layer and a second polyamide vacuum bag film layer in sequence on the surface of the inner surface structure layer, adopting a special sealing adhesive tape to sequentially adhere the first polyamide vacuum bag film layer and the second polyamide vacuum bag film layer on a sealing surface of a forming die to ensure the sealing property, respectively embedding a plurality of vacuum tubes in the first polyamide vacuum bag film layer and the second polyamide vacuum bag film layer, carrying out vacuum pumping solidification after laying a vacuum auxiliary material layer, wherein the vacuum pressure needs to reach-0.06 MPa to-0.1 MPa, the solidification temperature needs to be 25 ℃, and the solidification time needs to be 24 hours;
step eight, after the secondary finished product is cured: gradually removing the vacuum auxiliary material layer from the product after normal temperature curing, post-curing the product in a mold state, wherein the curing temperature is 190-200 ℃, the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 12h, and then naturally cooling to the room temperature;
step nine, preparing the fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating on the inner surface: after the finished product is cured, cleaning the inner surface of the finished product by using alcohol, spraying a fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating with the thickness of 200-250 microns, and thermally curing the coating after the spraying is finished at the curing temperature of 90-100 ℃ for 5-6 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the antenna housing can resist the high temperature of 200 ℃ and has the characteristics of heat insulation (when the shipborne antenna housing receives the impact of the external temperature of 200 ℃, the temperature in the housing can be controlled below 60 ℃), high wave transmission rate, structural bearing, marine salt fog environment corrosion resistance and the like;
the invention has better heat insulation function, does not need to be provided with cooling facilities in the cover, and reduces the cost investment;
thirdly, the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the invention can reach more than 98 percent in the frequency band range of 1 GHz-5 GHz under the high-temperature environment of 200 ℃;
the shape of the invention can be flat plate, spherical, elliptical and other special-shaped structures. The cover body structure can be an integral structure according to the use requirement, and if the size is large, the transportation and the production are not convenient, the block assembly structure can be adopted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a ship-based high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cover wall of a ship-based high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum auxiliary material layer of a ship-based high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a groove of a polymethacrylimide foamed sheet;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a groove of a polymethacrylimide foamed sheet;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a manufacturing process of the ship-based high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the radome wall of the radome according to the embodiment includes, from inside to outside, a structural inner layer, a composite core layer and a structural outer layer which are combined together;
the inner layer of the structure comprises an inner surface fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating 2 and an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced phenolic vinyl resin structure layer 3 from inside to outside;
the composite core layer comprises from inside to outside: first polymethacrylimide foamed core layer 4 and polycrystalline alumina fiber reinforced SiO2An aerogel thermal insulation layer 5 and a second polymethacrylimide foam core layer 6;
the structure outer layer comprises from inside to outside: the outer surface is a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer 7 and an outer surface hydrophobic high weather resistant high temperature resistant coating 8;
a plurality of inner foaming core layer grooves 1 which are alternately communicated are arranged on the surface of the first polymethacrylimide foaming core layer 4 which is contacted with the quartz fiber cloth reinforced phenolic aldehyde type vinyl resin structure layer 3, and a plurality of inner foaming core layer grooves 1 which are alternately communicated are arranged on the surface of the second polymethacrylimide foaming core layer 6 which is contacted with the quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic aldehyde type vinyl resin structure layer 7 on the outer surface.
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 2, the embodiment is described, in which the outer surface hydrophobic high weather-resistant high temperature-resistant coating 8 is a PTFE modified fluororesin coating with a thickness of 200 μm to 500 μm;
the PTFE modified fluororesin in the embodiment has the characteristics of excellent weather resistance, medium resistance and self-cleaning property, high temperature resistance and long application life, and is very suitable for coating protection of a carrier-based high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome.
The third concrete implementation mode: referring to FIG. 2, the present embodiment will be described, wherein the density of the first polymethacrylimide foamed core layer 4 and the second polymethacrylimide foamed core layer 6 is 60kg/m3；
The polymethacrylimide foam material in the embodiment has excellent temperature resistance, the highest temperature resistance of the materials can reach 200 ℃ at present, and the materials have low dielectric constant and excellent mechanical property.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 2, in which the polycrystalline alumina fiber is reinforced with SiO2The aerogel composite material thermal insulation layer 5 is formed by the polycrystalline alumina fibers and SiO210-15% of the total mass of the aerogel, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 1-3 mm;
according to the embodiment, the nanometer-scale holes of the SiO2 aerogel can obviously reduce the heat conduction of gas molecules and the fine skeleton particles of convective heat transfer, so that the solid heat conduction can be obviously reduced, the thermal conductivity of the SiO2 aerogel is only 0.013W/(m.K) at an extremely low temperature and the normal temperature, the SiO2 aerogel is considered as a solid material with the lowest thermal conductivity, the composite material prepared by reinforcing and modifying the SiO2 aerogel through the polycrystalline alumina fiber has excellent heat insulation performance and wave transmission performance, and meanwhile, the defect of high brittleness of the SiO2 aerogel can be compensated, and the heat insulation layer plays a key role in the heat insulation effect and the wave transmission performance of the antenna.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 2, and the inner surface silica fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer 3 and the outer surface silica fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer 7 in the present embodiment have the same material structure, and the manufacturing process and the operation effect are the same.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 2, in the embodiment, the fluorocarbon anti-mildew coating 2 on the inner surface is formed by adding a mixed type anti-mildew agent into a fluorocarbon coating, and the thickness of the coating is 200 μm to 250 μm;
the interior surface fluorine carbon mould proof coating can restrain mould growth of the interior surface of the antenna housing under the ocean damp and hot environment in the embodiment. Mould cleaning of the inner surface of the antenna housing is not required regularly.
The seventh embodiment: referring to fig. 2, the embodiment will be described, wherein the inner foam core layer groove 1 on the contact surface of the first polymethacrylimide foam core layer 4 and the quartz fiber cloth reinforced phenolic aldehyde type vinyl resin structure layer 3 and the inner foam core layer groove 1 on the contact surface of the second polymethacrylimide foam core layer 6 and the quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic aldehyde type vinyl resin structure layer 7 are symmetrically arranged.
The specific implementation mode is eight: referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment will be described, wherein the inner foam core layer groove 1 of the present embodiment has a width of 1mm to 2mm and a depth of 1mm to 3 mm.
The specific implementation method nine: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 3, and the preparation method of the carrier-based high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome in the embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
process for preparing composite core layer
Step one, taking a polymethacrylimide foamed sheet with a design thickness of 7-35 mm, carrying out unilateral grooving treatment, wherein the grooving width is 1-2 mm, the grooving depth is 2-3 mm, the grooving distance is 40-50 mm, and grooving is carried out longitudinally and transversely;
overlapping the two grooved polymethacrylimide foamed plates, oppositely overlapping one side of each of the two plates which is not grooved, placing the side of each of the two plates into a metal clamp with the same shape as the radome, then placing the plates into a hot oven together for heating and shaping, wherein the shaping temperature is 190-210 ℃, the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, and then naturally cooling to room temperature;
preparing a fiber prefabricated part on a special forming die 16 with the same shape as the radome by adopting polycrystalline alumina fiber, and then preparing SiO2Filling the fiber prefabricated member with the sol, and obtaining the polycrystalline alumina fiber reinforced SiO through gel aging and drying processes2The aerogel composite material thermal insulation layer comprises polycrystalline alumina fibers and SiO210-15% of the total mass of the aerogel, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 1-3 mm;
process for preparing a structural inner layer and a structural outer layer
Step two, preparing a PTFE modified fluororesin coating as the outer surface hydrophobic high-weather-resistant high-temperature-resistant coating: spraying a PTFE modified fluororesin coating on the surface of the forming die 16 twice, wherein the thickness of the coating used in each time is 100-150 g/square meter, the total thickness is 200-500 mu m, curing is carried out at 20-25 ℃ after the spraying is finished, and the curing time is 7-8 h;
step three, preparing a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer on the outer surface: firstly, preparing resin for forming a primary finished product, namely modifying phenolic vinyl resin by using borosilicate hollow microspheres, wherein the particle size of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 10-200 mu m, the addition amount of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 8-10% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres and the phenolic vinyl resin, then adding an interface treating agent accounting for 2-6% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres, blending the raw materials at 30-40 ℃, adding 1-2% of an accelerant into a certain amount of resin after blending, fully mixing the resin with the accelerant, adding 1-4% of a curing agent, fully mixing the resin and the curing agent, and controlling the grease gelling time to be 30-90 min;
step four, preparing a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer on the outer surface: brushing a special interface treating agent on the surface of the cured PTFE modified fluororesin coating, and rolling and coating a modified phenolic vinyl resin after drying, wherein the using amount is 200g per square meter; laying a first layer of quartz fiber cloth in a layer laying starting direction of 0 degrees, fully laying the position of a forming die 16 corresponding to a product, and roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the laid quartz fiber cloth, wherein the dosage is 200 g/square meter; taking 0 degree in the initial direction of a paving layer as a reference, rotating 22.5 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a second layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving a forming die 16 corresponding to a product position, roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200 g/square meter, taking 0 degree in the initial direction of the paving layer as a reference, rotating 45 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a third layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving a cavity of the forming die 16, roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200 g/square meter, taking 0 degree in the initial direction of the paving layer as a reference, rotating 67.5 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a fourth layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving the cavity of the forming die 16 in an amount of 200 g/square meter, and roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth; one layer of quartz fiber cloth is laid circularly in each of 0 degree, 22.5 degrees, 45 degrees and 67.5 degrees in the laying direction, and the thickness of the required structural layer can be obtained through one or more laying circulations;
compounding process
Step five, laying the prefabricated core layer: respectively roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surfaces of two pre-shaped methacrylimide foamed plates with the dosage of 100g per square meter, laying one grooved side of the first methacrylimide foamed plate against a forming die 16, fully paving the cavity of the forming die 16, and reinforcing SiO by prefabricated polycrystalline alumina fibers2The aerogel composite material thermal insulation layer is 1-3 mm thick, is laid on the surface of the first layer of the methacrylimide foamed plate according to the position of the cavity of the forming die 16, and is laid on the non-grooved side of the second layer of the methacrylimide foamed plate facing the forming die 16 to fully fill the cavity of the forming die 16;
preparing an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer and an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer: controlling the resin gelling time of the inner surface structure layer and the outer surface structure layer within 30-90 min;
step seven, laying a vacuum auxiliary material layer: laying a polyester fiber demoulding cloth layer 12, an isolating film layer 11, a glue-absorbing felt layer 10, a first polyamide vacuum bag film layer 13, an E30 surface felt layer 9 and a second polyamide vacuum bag film layer 14 in sequence on the surface of the inner surface structure layer, sequentially adhering the first polyamide vacuum bag film layer and the second polyamide vacuum bag film layer to a sealing surface of a forming mould 16 by adopting a special sealing adhesive tape to ensure the sealing property, respectively pre-embedding a plurality of vacuum tubes 15 in the first polyamide vacuum bag film layer and the second polyamide vacuum bag film layer, carrying out vacuum-pumping solidification after laying a vacuum auxiliary material layer is laid, wherein the vacuum pressure is required to reach-0.06 MPa-0.1 MPa, the solidification temperature is 25 ℃ at normal temperature, and the solidification time is 24 hours;
step eight, after the secondary finished product is cured: gradually removing the vacuum auxiliary material layer from the product after normal temperature curing, post-curing the product in a mold state, wherein the curing temperature is 190-200 ℃, the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 12h, and then naturally cooling to the room temperature;
step nine, preparing the fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating on the inner surface: after the finished product is cured, cleaning the inner surface of the finished product by using alcohol, spraying a fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating with the thickness of 200-250 microns, and thermally curing the coating after the spraying is finished at the curing temperature of 90-100 ℃ for 5-6 h.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: referring to fig. 2, the embodiment is described, and in the fourth step of the embodiment, the reference of the ply starting direction of 0 ° is selected as the ply starting direction of the forming mold;
in the embodiment, the quartz fiber cloth has excellent dielectric property for the most reinforcing item, the dielectric constant of the quartz fiber cloth is 3.8, and the wave-transmitting property of the radome can be improved; the phenolic aldehyde type vinyl resin condensate has excellent dielectric property and is less influenced by the change of the external temperature, and the stability of the whole electrical property of the antenna housing can be improved.
Examples
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 2, the embodiment will be described, in which the outer surface hydrophobic high weather-resistant high temperature-resistant coating 8 is a PTFE modified fluororesin coating with a thickness of 260 μm.
Example two: this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 2, which shows the polycrystalline alumina fiber reinforced SiO2The aerogel composite material thermal insulation layer 5 is formed by the polycrystalline alumina fibers and SiO 212% of the total mass of the aerogel, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 2mm, so that the effect is best.
Example three: referring to fig. 2, the fluorocarbon anti-mildew coating 2 on the inner surface in this embodiment is obtained by adding a mixed type anti-mildew agent to the fluorocarbon coating, so that the coating thickness is 220 μm.
Example four: referring to fig. 3, this embodiment is described, and in the second step of this example, the outer surface hydrophobic high weather-resistant high temperature-resistant coating is prepared by a PTFE modified fluororesin coating: and (3) spraying the PTFE modified fluororesin coating on the surface of the forming die 16 twice, wherein the thickness of the coating used in each time is 100-150 g/square meter, the total thickness is 260 mu m, and after the spraying is finished, the coating is cured at 25 ℃ for 8 hours.
Example five: in this embodiment, the third step of the present embodiment is to prepare a structural layer of quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin on the outer surface, with reference to fig. 3: the preparation method comprises the steps of firstly preparing resin for product forming, adopting borosilicate hollow microspheres to modify phenolic-type vinyl resin, wherein the particle size of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 150 microns, the adding amount of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 10% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres and the phenolic-type vinyl resin, adding an interface treating agent accounting for 5% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres, blending raw materials at 40 ℃, taking a certain amount of resin after blending, adding 2% of an accelerant, fully mixing, adding 4% of a curing agent, fully mixing and using, and controlling the grease gelling time to be 80 min.
Example six: referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment will be described, wherein step eight and the product post-curing are as follows: and gradually removing the vacuum auxiliary material layer from the product after normal temperature curing. And (3) post-curing the product in a mold state, wherein the curing temperature is 200 ℃, the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, and the product is naturally cooled to the room temperature after being kept at the constant temperature for 12 h.
Example seven: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 3, and the preparation method of the carrier-based high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome in the embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
process for preparing composite core layer
Step one, taking a polymethacrylimide foamed sheet with the design thickness of 25mm, carrying out unilateral grooving treatment, wherein the grooving width is 2mm, the grooving depth is 3mm, the grooving interval is 50mm, and grooving is carried out in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction;
overlapping the two grooved polymethacrylimide foamed plates, oppositely overlapping one side of each of the two plates which is not grooved, placing the side of each of the two plates into a metal clamp with the same shape as the radome, then placing the plates into a hot oven together for heating and shaping, wherein the shaping temperature is 210 ℃, the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, and then naturally cooling to room temperature;
preparing a fiber prefabricated part by adopting polycrystalline alumina fiber on a special forming die with the same shape as the radome, and then preparing SiO on the fiber prefabricated part2Filling the fiber prefabricated member with the sol, and obtaining the polycrystalline alumina fiber reinforced SiO through gel aging and drying processes2The aerogel composite material thermal insulation layer comprises polycrystalline alumina fibers and SiO212.5% of the total mass of the aerogel, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 2 mm;
process for preparing a structural inner layer and a structural outer layer
Step two, preparing a PTFE modified fluororesin coating as the outer surface hydrophobic high-weather-resistant high-temperature-resistant coating: spraying PTFE modified fluororesin coating on the surface of a forming die twice, wherein the thickness of the coating used in each time is 150 g/square meter, the total thickness is 260 mu m, curing is carried out at 25 ℃ after the spraying is finished, and the curing time is 8 h;
step three, preparing a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer on the outer surface: firstly, preparing resin for forming a primary finished product, namely modifying phenolic-type vinyl resin by using borosilicate hollow microspheres, wherein the particle size of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 180 mu m, the addition amount of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 8-10% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres and the phenolic-type vinyl resin, then adding an interface treating agent accounting for 5% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres, blending the raw materials at 35 ℃, adding 1.5% of an accelerant into a certain amount of resin after blending, fully mixing, adding 1-4% of a curing agent, fully mixing and using, and controlling the grease gelling time to be 90 min;
step four, preparing a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer on the outer surface: brushing a special interface treating agent on the surface of the cured PTFE modified fluororesin coating, and rolling and coating a modified phenolic vinyl resin after drying, wherein the using amount is 200g per square meter; laying a first layer of quartz fiber cloth in a layer laying starting direction of 0 degrees, fully laying the quartz fiber cloth at a position corresponding to a product of a forming die, and roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the laid quartz fiber cloth, wherein the dosage is 200 g/square meter; taking 0 degree in the initial direction of a paving layer as a reference, rotating 22.5 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a second layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving a forming die corresponding to a product position, roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200g per square meter, taking 0 degree in the initial direction of the paving layer as a reference, rotating 45 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a third layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving a cavity of the forming die, roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200g per square meter, taking 0 degree in the initial direction of the paving layer as a reference, rotating 67.5 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a fourth layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving the cavity of the forming die, roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200g per square meter; one layer of quartz fiber cloth is laid circularly in each of 0 degree, 22.5 degrees, 45 degrees and 67.5 degrees in the laying direction, and the thickness of the required structural layer can be obtained through one or more laying circulations;
compounding process
Step five, laying the prefabricated core layer: respectively roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surfaces of two layers of pre-formed methacrylimide foamed plates with the dosage of 100g per square meter, laying one side of the groove of the first layer of methacrylimide foamed plate against a forming die, fully paving the die cavity of the forming die, and reinforcing SiO by the prefabricated polycrystalline alumina fiber2The aerogel composite material heat insulation layer is 1-3 mm thick, is laid on the surface of the first layer of the methacrylimide foamed sheet material according to the position of a cavity of a forming die,laying the non-grooved side of the second layer of the methacrylimide foamed sheet in alignment with a forming die to fully pave the cavity of the forming die;
preparing an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer and an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer: controlling the resin gelling time of the inner surface structure layer and the outer surface structure layer within 30-90 min;
step seven, laying a vacuum auxiliary material layer: laying a polyester fiber demoulding cloth layer, an isolating film layer, a glue absorbing felt layer, a first polyamide vacuum bag film layer, an E30 surface felt layer and a second polyamide vacuum bag film layer in sequence on the surface of the inner surface structure layer, adopting a special sealing adhesive tape to sequentially adhere the first polyamide vacuum bag film layer and the second polyamide vacuum bag film layer on a sealing surface of a forming die to ensure the sealing property, respectively embedding a plurality of vacuum tubes in the first polyamide vacuum bag film layer and the second polyamide vacuum bag film layer, carrying out vacuum pumping solidification after laying a vacuum auxiliary material layer, wherein the vacuum pressure needs to reach-0.06 MPa to-0.1 MPa, the solidification temperature needs to be 25 ℃, and the solidification time needs to be 24 hours;
step eight, after the secondary finished product is cured: gradually removing the vacuum auxiliary material layer from the product after normal temperature curing, post-curing the product in a mold state, wherein the curing temperature is 200 ℃, the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, and the product is naturally cooled to room temperature after being kept at the constant temperature for 12 hours;
step nine, preparing the fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating on the inner surface: after the finished product is cured, cleaning the inner surface by using alcohol, spraying a fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating with the thickness of 250 mu m, and thermally curing the coating after the spraying is finished, wherein the curing temperature is 100 ℃ and the curing time is 6 hours.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a ship-borne high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
process for preparing composite core layer
Step one, taking a polymethacrylimide foamed sheet with a design thickness of 7-35 mm, carrying out unilateral grooving treatment, wherein the grooving width is 1-2 mm, the grooving depth is 2-3 mm, the grooving distance is 40-50 mm, and grooving is carried out longitudinally and transversely;
overlapping the two grooved polymethacrylimide foamed plates, oppositely overlapping one side of each of the two plates which is not grooved, placing the side of each of the two plates into a metal clamp with the same shape as the radome, then placing the plates into a hot oven together for heating and shaping, wherein the shaping temperature is 190-210 ℃, the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, and then naturally cooling to room temperature;
preparing a fiber prefabricated part by adopting polycrystalline alumina fiber on a special forming die (16) with the same shape as the radome, and then preparing SiO2Filling the fiber prefabricated member with the sol, and obtaining the polycrystalline alumina fiber reinforced SiO through gel aging and drying processes2The aerogel composite material thermal insulation layer comprises polycrystalline alumina fibers and SiO210-15% of the total mass of the aerogel, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 1-3 mm;
process for preparing a structural inner layer and a structural outer layer
Step two, preparing a PTFE modified fluororesin coating as the outer surface hydrophobic high-weather-resistant high-temperature-resistant coating: spraying PTFE modified fluororesin coating on the surface of the forming die (16) twice, wherein the thickness of the coating used in each time is 100-150 g/square meter, and the total thickness is 200-500 mu m, curing is carried out at 20-25 ℃ after the spraying is finished, and the curing time is 7-8 h;
step three, preparing a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer on the outer surface: firstly, preparing resin for forming a primary finished product, namely modifying phenolic vinyl resin by using borosilicate hollow microspheres, wherein the particle size of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 10-200 mu m, the addition amount of the borosilicate hollow microspheres is 8-10% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres and the phenolic vinyl resin, then adding an interface treating agent accounting for 2-6% of the total mass of the borosilicate hollow microspheres, blending the raw materials at 30-40 ℃, adding 1-2% of an accelerant into a certain amount of resin after blending, fully mixing the resin with the accelerant, adding 1-4% of a curing agent, fully mixing the resin and the curing agent, and controlling the grease gelling time to be 30-90 min;
step four, preparing a quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer on the outer surface: brushing an interface treating agent on the surface of the cured PTFE modified fluororesin coating, and rolling and coating a modified phenolic vinyl resin after drying, wherein the dosage is 200g per square meter; laying a first layer of quartz fiber cloth in a layer laying starting direction of 0 degree, fully laying a forming die (16) corresponding to a product position, and roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the laid quartz fiber cloth, wherein the dosage is 200 g/square meter; taking 0 degree in the initial direction of paving as a reference, rotating 22.5 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a second layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving the corresponding product position of a forming die (16), roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200 g/square meter, taking 0 degree in the initial direction of paving as a reference, rotating 45 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a third layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving the cavity of the forming die (16), roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200 g/square meter, taking 0 degree in the initial direction of paving as a reference, rotating 67.5 degrees clockwise as the paving direction of a fourth layer of quartz fiber cloth, paving the cavity of the forming die (16), roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surface of the paved quartz fiber cloth in an amount of 200 g/square meter; one layer of quartz fiber cloth is laid circularly in each of 0 degree, 22.5 degrees, 45 degrees and 67.5 degrees in the laying direction, and the thickness of the required structural layer can be obtained through one or more laying circulations;
compounding process
Step five, laying the prefabricated core layer: respectively roll-coating modified phenolic vinyl resin on the surfaces of two layers of pre-shaped methacrylimide foamed plates with the dosage of 100g per square meter, laying one grooved side of the first layer of the methacrylimide foamed plate against a forming die (16), fully paving the cavity of the forming die (16), and reinforcing the prefabricated polycrystalline alumina fiber with SiO2The aerogel composite material thermal insulation layer is 1-3 mm thick, is laid on the surface of the first layer of the methacrylimide foamed plate according to the position of the cavity of the forming die (16), and is laid on the non-grooved side of the second layer of the methacrylimide foamed plate facing the forming die (16) so as to fully fill the cavity of the forming die (16);
preparing an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer and an inner surface quartz fiber cloth reinforced modified phenolic vinyl resin structure layer: controlling the resin gelling time of the inner surface structure layer and the outer surface structure layer within 30-90 min;
step seven, laying a vacuum auxiliary material layer: laying a polyester fiber demoulding cloth layer (12), an isolating film layer (11), a glue absorption felt layer (10), a first polyamide vacuum bag film layer (13), an E30 surface felt layer (9) and a second polyamide vacuum bag film layer (14) on the surface of the inner surface structure layer in sequence, adhering the first polyamide vacuum bag film layer and the second polyamide vacuum bag film layer to a sealing surface of a forming mould (16) in sequence by adopting a sealing adhesive tape to ensure the sealing property, embedding a plurality of vacuum tubes (15) in the first polyamide vacuum bag layer and the second polyamide vacuum bag film layer respectively, and vacuumizing and curing after laying a vacuum auxiliary material layer, wherein the vacuum pressure is required to reach-0.06 MPa to-0.1 MPa, the curing temperature is 25 ℃ at normal temperature, and the curing time is 24 hours;
step eight, after the secondary finished product is cured: gradually removing the vacuum auxiliary material layer from the product after normal temperature curing, post-curing the product in a mold state, wherein the curing temperature is 190-200 ℃, the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 12h, and then naturally cooling to the room temperature;
step nine, preparing the fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating on the inner surface: after the finished product is cured, cleaning the inner surface of the finished product by using alcohol, spraying a fluorocarbon mildew-proof coating with the thickness of 200-250 microns, and thermally curing the coating after spraying, wherein the curing temperature is 90-100 ℃, and the curing time is 5-6 h.
2. The preparation method of the carrier-based high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating radome according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: and in the fourth step, the reference of 0 degree in the layer laying starting direction is selected as the layer laying starting direction of the forming die.
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| CN101630774A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-01-20 | 北京玻钢院复合材料有限公司 | Glass steel radar cover single element and forming method thereof |
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| CN108521016A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-11 | 哈尔滨哈玻拓普复合材料有限公司 | A kind of D shipborne radar cover and its manufacturing method |
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| CN101630774A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-01-20 | 北京玻钢院复合材料有限公司 | Glass steel radar cover single element and forming method thereof |
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