CN109816965A

CN109816965A - A kind of table networking construction method with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal

Info

Publication number: CN109816965A
Application number: CN201910090037.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱春良; 王好礼
Original assignee: Beijing Technology Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Technology Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-30
Filing date: 2019-01-30
Publication date: 2019-05-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of with low power consuming, answers the table networking construction method of rate charging meter terminal, pass through the design to low energy consumption and multiple rate charging meter terminal, realize the building of " table networking ": resident checks convenient: resident passes through tablet computer or smart mobile phone, the energy consumption real time data such as oneself water, electricity, gas, heat of browsing can be facilitated, check table data with torch for illumination so as not to bending over；Division management is intelligent: the corresponding energy management department in city can monitor the energy consumption data of each resident in real time, accomplish that big data is excavated, combed, provide scientific basis for energy source dispensing；It avoids overlapping construction: utilizing built intelligent domestic network, be included in " four table of a net " management function, accomplish every profession and trade independence O&M, information " taking their own roads "." table networking " measuring terminal of the invention, comprehensive to improve metering grade at home, especially " multiple rate charging " mechanism, bootable resident select consumption period, control excess consumption, raise environmental awareness amongst the general public.

Description

A kind of table networking construction method with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal

Technical field

The present invention relates to Internet of Things correlative technology fields, it particularly relates to which a kind of have low power consuming, multiple rate taximeter whole The table networking construction method at end.

Background technique

Whether city or rural area, the energy consumptions resource such as " water, electricity, natural gas, warm (north) " that resident resident uses are It is daily must life product.Different measuring terminals (table) is installed in huge numbers of families by various resource provisioning administrative departments, in terms of The energy consumption behavior of amount means supervision resident.Currently, house energy consumption service condition is as follows:

1: the energy consumptions resource such as the water of residential use, electricity, natural gas, warm (north), it is most of in first purchase (IC card), after The status of consumption.Corresponding managing power consumption department in line with " rich can be used, spend all and stop supplying " supervision principle, " consumer " with " energy consumption market " economic chain is set up between " supplier ".In addition to this, Reng You administrative department " is stepped on using traditional assignment employee Door visit " meter reading payment way.Obviously, under this " energy consumption market ", resident is inconvenient to understand consumption quantity instantly, and having at any time can It " can be stopped " energy consumption supply, administrative department can not grasp the energy consumption data of huge numbers of families in real time, lack supervision, adjustment market Dynamics.

2: the national grid that " electricity " energy consumption resource is subordinate to is made best in terms of the electricity consumption supervision of house, realizes net substantially The functions such as network meter reading, payment.For the strategic pattern for advocating country's " the service common people reduce energy consumption, Green Development ", National Development and Reform Committee It sends the documents within 2015, it is desirable that based on power grid meter reading, gather other three table (water, warms up at natural gas), research and development " four tables " collection, which is copied, is System.Due to trade management system and other odjective causes, this item work delays to implement, and remains in industry voluntarily group Build system, voluntarily toll supervision stage.

3: in order to guide resident's energy consumption consumption concept, focusing on environmental consciousness, country advocates the " Gu Feng of common people's electricity consumption Valence ", natural gas and originally pricing systems such as " the ladder valence " of Water Consumption.Due to the constraint of traditional technology, current each row The house energy consumption measure of industry is entirely throughout the year " fixed price ".Even if a wide range of popularization and application of the reading technique of power grid industry, but It is that still can not achieve the electricity charge " multiple rate valuation " at present." multiple rate valuation " as tap water, natural gas, heating is even more phase far away To.

For the problems in the relevant technologies and trade management, the above problem is not yet put forward effective solutions at present.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of table networking construction method with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal.

The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:

A kind of table networking construction method with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: constructing multiple rate taximeter networking, the multiple rate taximeter networking includes house network common end, Yi Jifen The resident not interacted with house network common end measures the VPN (Virtual of consumption terminal and division management end composition Private Network) Wide Area Network；

The consumption of resident end includes each meter terminal and the house the LoRa gateway being set in each household resident man, each table Terminal includes LoRa communication module, gauge table, and the LoRa communication module in the family resident man in each meter terminal is logical It crosses the house LoRa gateway to interact with VPN Wide Area Network, the LoRa communication module is all made of with the house LoRa gateway and is based on The LWRF protocol stack interaction of FreeRTOS real time operating system；

The LWRF protocol stack includes interface layer, MAC layer, network layer, application support sublayer, network service and application Layer；The LWRF protocol stack reduces power consumption when multiple rate taximeter operation by FreeRTOS real time operating system, comprising:

When there is data transmission: first by DSR, being then copied to and send in buffer area, finally starting transmitting Machine, once it is sent completely, closes transmitter immediately or makes chip suspend mode；

When data is received: CAD scanning is first carried out, is just received when there are data, once data receiver finishes immediately It is transferred to suspend mode；

Step 2: the multiple rate taximeter networking carries out classification storage to data using data acquisition mailbox mode；The number Include: according to sorting mailbox mode

First: data collection, transmission are carried out using MQTT+HTTP+SSL (HTTPS)；

Secondly: online, off-line data processing being carried out by big data tool Hadoop, and carries out data conversion storage；

Finally；Data storage is carried out by Sqoop agreement and mysql technology；

Step 3: multiple rate charging carried out to each meter terminal data collected, the multiple rate charging mode include: based on when It measures mechanism and mechanism is measured based on the ladder under terraced domain policy in paddy peak under domain policy；

Further, the LoRa communication module includes and measures the STM32L centre that connect of front end communication in meter terminal Reason device and the SX1278 wireless receiver and memory being connect respectively with STM32L central processing unit.

Further, the frame format of the LWRF protocol stack includes MAC layer, NWK layers and APS layers；Described APS layers is described NWK layers of payload, the described NWK layers payload for the MAC layer；

Wherein: the MAC layer frame structure includes:

AutoCRC: it is used for automatic Verification；

LEN: for indicating in addition to LEN and AutoCRC, behind the sum of all data lengths；

DEST: it is used to indicate the destination address of this frame data transmission；

CRC: for verifying MAC header, prevent data length or address from malfunctioning；

REV: for reserve bytes, for extending；

The NWK layers of frame structure include:

SRC: for sending the node address of data frame；

SEQ: for transmission sequence number, it is used for response, filters repeating frame；

TYPE: it is used for type definition；

Port: port definition；

The APS layers of frame structure includes CLUSTER, PROFILE, ENDPOINT；It is compatible defined ZigBee Gateway communication protocol structure.

Further, it is whole to include at least water metering meter terminal, electricity metering meter terminal, gas gauge table for the type of the meter terminal End and warm metering meter terminal.

Further, it is described based on when domain policy under paddy peak metering mechanism include:

Step 3-11: using NTP technical protocol by multiple rate taximeter networking in each equipment and network common end in " clock of cloud computing component is synchronized to UTC Universal Time Coordinated UTC；

Step 3-12: three time-domain coefficients K1, K2, K3 are established, wherein K1 corresponds to peak period；K2 corresponds to valley Period；K3 corresponds to the level values period；It is calculate by the following formula multiple rate metering:

K1 × corresponding peak period K1 acquires meter data=S1 in real time and answers rate continuous data

K2 × corresponding valley period K2 acquires meter data=S2 in real time and answers rate continuous data

K3 × corresponding level values period K3 acquires meter data=S3 in real time and answers rate continuous data

Step 3-13: will calculate the data result after integration and be sent to the house LoRa gateway in step 3-12, then by The house LoRa gateway is sent on cloud server and the mobile terminal of corresponding resident.

Further, the ladder metering mechanism based under terraced domain policy includes:

Step 3-21: using NTP technical protocol by multiple rate taximeter networking in each equipment and network common end in " clock of cloud computing component is synchronized to UTC Universal Time Coordinated UTC；

Step 3-22: three terraced domain coefficient u1, u2, u3 are established；Wherein, u1 corresponds to normal value period；U2, which corresponds to, to be omited It overflows period；U3 corresponds to extraordinary value period；It is calculate by the following formula multiple rate metering:

U1 × corresponding normal value period u1 acquires meter data=T1 in real time and answers rate continuous data

U2 × corresponding period u2 that slightly overflows acquires meter data=T2 in real time and answers rate continuous data

U3 × corresponding extraordinary value period u3 acquires meter data=T3 in real time and answers rate continuous data

Step 3-23: will calculate the data result after integration and be sent to the house LoRa gateway in step 3-22, then by The house LoRa gateway is sent on cloud server and the mobile terminal of corresponding resident.

Further, the data result includes: to acquire actual metered total value, daily different time domain/ladder domain in real time daily Multiple rate data total value, the accumulative multiple rate metering total value, remaining energy consumption data value, monthly magazine of consuming energy are measured in multiple rate variable, daily acquisition The real-time update of report continuous data.

Further, for 470-510Mhz, (country is permitted the wireless frequency frequency range that the LoRa module of the meter terminal uses Can).

Further, it is linked between the LoRa communication module and gauge table front end using UART interface.

Further, the division management end includes water resource management department, natural gas administrative department, electric power Power Management " cloud " server service software corresponding to department, heating Power Management department and each administrative department.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: a kind of table networking construction method with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal of the present invention, It is realized by the building of design and multiple rate taximeter networking to low energy consumption meter terminal:

Resident checks convenient real-time: resident by tablet computer or smart mobile phone, can facilitate browsing oneself water, electricity, The energy consumption data such as gas, warm, check table data with torch for illumination so as not to bending over.The consumption period especially may be selected, control excess disappears Take, provides good energy consumption for resident and consume foundation；

Administrative department's intellectual management: the corresponding energy management department in city can monitor the consumption data of each resident in real time, Accomplish that big data is excavated, combed, provides scientific basis for energy source dispensing.

The infrastructure built using smart city, is rationally built " four table of a net " network architecture, avoids overlapping construction: doing It " takes their own roads " to every profession and trade information, is convenient for every profession and trade independence O&M.

" table networking " measuring terminal of invention, comprehensive improve measure grade at home, especially " multiple rate charging " mechanism, Household consumption can be guided, is raised environmental awareness amongst the general public.

Detailed description of the invention

It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to these attached drawings Obtain other attached drawings.

Fig. 1 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in table networking Network " dumbbell " topological structure schematic diagram；

Fig. 2 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in meter terminal Structural schematic diagram；

Fig. 3 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in LWRF association Discuss stack configuration diagram；

Fig. 4 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in LWRF association Discuss stack frame format schematic diagram；

Fig. 5 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in FreeRTOS operating system work on hand mode power consumption analysis schematic diagram；

Fig. 6 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in FreeRTOS operating system is according to working method low-power consumption schematic diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 7 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in a net four " dumbbell " network architecture schematic diagram of table；

Fig. 8 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in a net four " sorting mailbox " cloud processing schematic of table；

Fig. 9 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in " multiple rate meter Valence " technology realizes schematic diagram；

Figure 10 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in " multiple rate Valuation " water consumption records schematic diagram；

Figure 11 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in The low-power consumption mode and reference current schematic diagram of STM32L0 series monolithic；

Figure 12 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in Current reference value schematic diagram when SX1278LoRa radio frequency chip different mode；

Figure 13 be according to the present invention it is a kind of with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal table networking construction method in Band model Enclose definition schematic diagram.

Specific embodiment

Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other embodiment obtained belong to what the present invention protected Range.

As shown in figures 1-13, a kind of table networking with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention Construction method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: constructing multiple rate taximeter networking, the multiple rate taximeter networking includes house network common end, Yi Jifen The resident not interacted with house network common end measures the VPN Wide Area Network of consumption terminal and division management end composition；

In the present embodiment, the division management end includes water resource management, natural gas management, electric power Power Management, heating Power Management and intelligence community management；The resident measures consumption terminal and includes each meter terminal and be set in each household resident man The house LoRa gateway, each meter terminal include LoRa communication module, gauge table, each meter terminal in the family resident man Interior LoRa communication module information passes through the house LoRa gateway and interacts with VPN Wide Area Network, the LoRa communication module with The house LoRa gateway is all made of the interaction of the LWRF protocol stack based on FreeRTOS real time operating system；As shown in Figure 1, " four tables " with And intelligence community business (between consumption of resident and division management) is in " dumbbell " network architecture at network both ends；The letter of five kinds of business Breath takes their own roads, does not interfere with each other.Each resident is a centrostigma (consumption terminal), this by the house wisdom demand of oneself and Four meter amount Data Integrations are together.Different information labels are added by different business, synthesis metering " group " information is sent to " cloud ".The information of related fields is resolved by relevant information label in the management end of different business, embodies " a net four Table " administrative mechanism, for each managing power consumption industry, like dedicated network (VPN)；The VPN Wide Area Network include because Special net, cloud server and system application management software.This method makes gauge table " individual " equipment, becomes " table networking " Terminal, actually national energy intelligent management, energy consumption is high data mining, have established industry development foundation stone.LoRa technology and meter The combination of scale, also jump is into network data to gauge table information therewith.

In the present embodiment, the LoRa communication module includes the center STM32L connecting with metering front end communication in meter terminal Processor and SX1278 wireless transmission, receiver and the data storage being connect respectively with STM32L central processing unit；It is described The type of meter terminal includes at least water metering meter terminal, electricity metering meter terminal, gas metering meter terminal and warm metering meter terminal；It is described The frequency range of the wireless frequency of meter terminal is using 470-510Mhz (country's license)；The LoRa communication module and gauge table front end it Between using UART interface link；As shown in Fig. 2, the privately owned framework LWRF of the star network based on CSMA of present method invention (LightWeightRadioFramework) protocol stack, making meter device jump is the network terminal, which deposits in LoRa In the memory (Flash/RAM) of communication module.Using a piece of wireless transceiver (SX1278 chip), " table networking " environment is completed Under measuring terminal and house LoRa gateway local area network communication.

In the present embodiment, inside the electronic meters such as electric power, tap water, natural gas, heating, wireless communication module is added Device；In view of in addition to ammeter, other water meters, gas meter, warm table select battery to power substantially in current house gauge table, because This realizes that the low power consuming of meter terminal is a technological difficulties of the design method.This technological difficulties is broken through, we use two kinds Mechanism, one is the LoRa technology chip for selecting low power consuming, communication penetration capacity strong, this chip not only act as meter data To the in/out mouth of network, making each gauge table jump is internet-of-things terminal, moreover, the very low power consumption performance of chip has also catered to battery Power supply objective demand；The second is rationally " idle task " of disposition FreeRTOS operating system and optimization LoRa module hardware are set Meter, comprehensive carry out low power dissipation design reach requirement of the industry to measuring terminal battery durable ability.

In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, LWRF is a kind of wireless communication protocol stack of lightweight；Protocol stack uses CSMA/CA (CarrierSenseMultipleAccess/CollisionAvoidence) i.e. csma/conflict Avoid contention type media access control protocol；Protocol stack is based on FreeRTOS real time operating system and STM32L hardware platform, entirely Journey is developed using C language, and by wireless communication protocol stack bottom part abstract be interface, can be convenient extension other types without Line radio frequency chip；The LWRF protocol stack includes interface layer, MAC layer, network layer, application support sublayer, network service and is answered With layer；

Interface layer: interface layer, as initialized, sends and receives data, setting tranmitting frequency (letter to common radio operation Road), transmission power, low power consumption control, it is abstract that clear channel assessment (CCA) and callback function etc. have carried out encapsulation, by protocol stack and tool The radio frequency chip of body separates, and greatly promotes the transplantability and scalability of protocol stack；

MAC layer: realizing sending and receiving for data, and the transmitting-receiving of this layer is insecure；

It is not directly to send data, but data to be sent are added to hair first when calling transmission data It send in data buffering, is sent data after clear channel assessment success and random back by transmission task.If channel Occupied, this frame data packet will be dropped；

It is only the length to data packet when reception, CRC check position is checked, is directly added to data packet by rear In receiving queue.Otherwise the data packet will be abandoned；

Network layer: this layer realizes reliable data transmission and reception.When transmission, to the application layer data of application layer transmitting Packet packages, and encrypts and sends and is unsuccessfully retransmitted.When reception, effective data packet is read from reception buffering and is solved Analysis, filters illegal address, processing relaying data packet, and decrypted data packet calls network layer handles task, abandons repeated data Packet checks connection validity, and carries out reply process to the data frame for needing response, and only all checking can just retain after passing through Application layer data packet；

Network service: being located at application support sublayer, realizes scan channel, network join request and response, Address requests and Response, linking request and response, exit network request and response, connecting test request and response and radio upgrade etc..These Function can be called by application layer, can also be adjusted back automatically in network layer handles；

Application support sublayer: the functional interface by encapsulation is provided and is called for application layer；

Application layer: data structure needed for realizing terminal equipment in communication agreement and function.

As shown in figure 4, the frame format of the LWRF protocol stack includes MAC layer, NWK layers and APS layers in the present embodiment；Institute Stating APS layers is NWK layers of the payload, the described NWK layers payload for the MAC layer；LWRF frame maximum length is 64 bytes.

Wherein: the MAC layer frame structure includes:

AutoCRC: it is used for automatic Verification；

LEN: 1 byte of length, for indicating in addition to LEN and AutoCRC, behind the sum of all data lengths；

DEST: 2 byte of length is used to indicate the destination address of this frame data transmission；

CRC: 2 byte of length prevents data length or address from malfunctioning for verifying MAC header；

REV: 1 byte of length is reserve bytes, for extending；

The NWK layers of frame structure include:

SRC: 1 byte of length, for sending the node address of data frame；

SEQ: 1 byte of length is transmission sequence number, is used for response, filters repeating frame；

TYPE: 1 byte of length is used for type definition；As shown in tables 1 to 5:

1 the type field bit architecture of table

Device type definition is as follows:

2 device type definition of table

Mode definition: retain, do not realize

3 pattern definition of table

Mode	Value
		LWRF_MODE_POLLING (query pattern)	0x00
LWRF_MODE_LISTEN (listening mode)	0x01

Port: 1 byte of length, port definition include following information:

The definition of 4 peer-port field of table

Port numbers definition:

The definition of 5 port numbers of table

The APS layers of frame structure includes CLUSTER, PROFILE, ENDPOINT；It is compatible defined ZigBee Gateway communication protocol structure；

In the present embodiment, realize that house energy consumption answers the low power consuming design method of rate metering meter terminal, comprising:

(1) low-power consumption hardware design

Hardware components can be divided into two large divisions, the part MCU and radio circuit part；MCU has used meaning method in the present invention The STM32L0 series monolithic of semiconductor；The single-chip microcontroller shares seven kinds of low-power consumption modes, greatly facilitates battery power supply system Design, peripheral clock additionally can be independently closed, and can run under a variety of programmable lower clock frequencies, into one Step reduces current drain.As shown in figure 11, shown in the low-power consumption mode and reference current of STM32L0 series monolithic.Wherein Current drain is minimum under standby mode, is thought that it is optimal mode when first used, and realizes operation system on this basis The low-power consumption of system, by repeatedly testing, standby mode is unable to satisfy the design requirement of protocol stack.Final determine uses stop mode + RTC mode can use lower current consumption and RTC under stop mode to run, and realize that prolonged timing needs It wants, current drain is about 1.3-1.5 microampere or so at this time；Wherein, 1A=1000mA, 1mA=1000uA.

Radio circuit part includes SX1278 chip, radio-frequency switch circuit and other match circuits；For SX1278 chip, Official is as shown in figure 12 to the description of device, current reference value when SX1278LoRa chip different mode；As shown in figure 13, The quiescent current representative value of SX1278 is 0.2uA, maximum 1uA.Reception pattern electric current is 10.8-12.0mA, used in the present embodiment Frequency be band2, receive electric current be about 12mA；Emission current is 20-120mA, reduces transmission power, can be substantially reduced hair Radio stream, and then reduce transmitting consumption；In addition, there are one static consuming components, RF switch, actual test, quiescent current About 9uA.

(2) low power dissipation design of FreeRTOS operating system

The idle task by rationally disposing FreeRTOS real time operating system reduces multiple rate taximeter networking operation Power consumption when information exchange.The function of FreeRTOS includes: task management, time management, semaphore, message queue, memory pipe Reason, writing function, software timer, association's journey etc..In addition there are the supports of more open source protocol stack, and such as Fatfs, lwip etc. can To realize increasingly complex function.Commercial operating systems, the FreeRTOS operating systems such as opposite μ C/OS-II, embOS are complete Free operating system has resource occupation few, and source code is disclosed, portable, can be reduced, the feature that scheduling strategy is flexible, can be with It is easily transplanted on various single-chip microcontrollers.

However, real time operating system task switching bring power consumption is much larger than the power consumption of other parts.So will be in reality Product development in use embedded real-time operating system, it is necessary to solve the problems, such as power consumption first；Analyze the task of operating system It can be found that the scheduling of operating system is regular governed.Each task of operating system, it is necessary to call an operating system The function of offer, can be system delay, be also possible to wait a semaphore.One mutex, event etc., so that currently Task can hang up, concede the right to use of CPU.Operating system just gives the right to use of CPU to other waiting for tasks in this way. If all tasks are all hung up, idle task is carried out.Therefore, low function can be entered when the operating system free time Consumption state reduces the overall power of system, and wakes up system in the state of next heartbeat and check again for, and so recycles, system Operational process can both can guarantee system as shown in figure 5, heart time by the way that reasonable system is arranged to a certain extent Real-time is able to maintain lower power consumption again, from fig. 5, it is seen that after system executes task A, until executing task B, this section Time only has idle task running, and idle task constantly wakes up CPU- > entrance sleep, without any valuable operation.

In the present embodiment, in the design of the method for the present invention protocol stack, FreeRTOS real time operating system is introduced.It uses The task of operating system manages data transmit-receive, parsing etc..The function such as semaphore provided using operating system, mutual exclusion lock, team Column, dynamic memory management and delay etc. simplify the realization of a large amount of protocol functions, accelerate the development progress of protocol stack, mention The stability and robustness of high system；As shown in fig. 6,

When data is received: CAD scanning is first carried out, is just received when there are data, once data receiver finishes immediately It is transferred to suspend mode；Current drain is 1uA when the operating system finally realized is without task run.

It is last: data storage is carried out by Sqoop agreement and mysql technology；

Specifically, the present invention propose smart city installation guideline under " ammeter, water meter, gas meter, flow meter, hotlist collection destroy building side Method.This technology combines the design scheme of " table networking " measuring terminal as shown in fig. 7, can be to avoid "+gas+, which warms up, based on electricity, water is It is auxiliary " difficult operation situation.

The present invention follows the design concept of business and network separation, is " dumbbell " structure by Network Topology Design." mute In the three parts of bell " topology, every profession and trade business is embodied at both ends, emphasizes to be held essentially constant based on each row original business.Centre is " table networking " information channel is thought according to the guidance of VPN (VirtualPrivateNetwork Virtual Private Network) network design Think, " taking their own roads " is accomplished into data transmission.The present invention is more conform with the status of current house energy consumption measure industry, also complies with state Service attribute is embodied at the habitual demand of interior enterprise's conventional management, " dumbbell " structure of " table networking ", both ends.Wherein one end (meter Measure side) it is house business, the other end (cloud) is management business.The middle section major embodiment communication protocol techniques of " dumbbell ".

In the present embodiment, four table data are decomposed/integrate by LWRF wireless communication protocol stack NWK, in measuring terminal side, The present invention develops a LoRa gateway；The equipment form a house LoRa WLAN, make house water, electricity, gas, Warm gauge table is interacted with LoRa gateway information；LoRa local area network is run according to communication protocol LWRF privately owned in the method for the present invention, according to According to different business belonging to equipment, corresponding equipment assigns different beacon informations；The four table information indicatings listed such as table 6.

The mark definition of four table equipment of table 6NWK layer

SRC

SEQ

TYPE

Device type

Mode

Peer-port field

Port numbers

1B

D1=water meter

D2=ammeter

D3=gas meter

D4=warms up table

LoRa gateway passes through MQTT (MessageQueuingTelemetryTransport, message queue telemetering transmission) association The various information of the LoRa local area network of integration is dealt into " cloud " end server, provides the use of every profession and trade administrative department by view；It lives at home Family can obtain water, electricity, gas, heat gauge table and wisdom society by cell phone application software relevant to the networking of the method for the present invention table The various informations such as area；

In the present embodiment, in the cloud side of " dumbbell " network topology architecture, a kind of data " sorting mailbox " processing is developed Mode；The mode uses MQTT+HTTP+SSL (HTTPS) to carry out data collection, transmission first；Secondly big data classics work is utilized Have Hadoop and carries out online, off-line data processing；Secondly data dump is carried out；Finally by Sqoop agreement and mysql technology Carry out data storage.

The data of the storage are distinguished according to water, electricity, gas, heat different industries administration authority, and ownership is placed on different In " sorting mailbox "；Different industries can obtain at the first time related data, such as Fig. 8 institute according to self-ordained subscribing mechanism Show；" sorting mailbox " technology uses message of million grades of distribution MQTT message servers as terminals such as water meter, ammeter, gas meters Middleware.Data processing centre is mainly responsible for the collection of data, analysis." sorting mailbox " is mainly responsible for the exhibition of data analysis result Show, and data acquisition is carried out by HTTP, data transmission engineering carries out data encryption using SSL, guarantees the safety of data transmission Property.

The present invention completes from data collection-data mining-data analysis-data encryption-data and shows volume of data Treatment process is really achieved " a net four so that VPN network data be made to be decomposed into the business demand of water, electricity, gas, heat different industries The virtual Private Network trade management requirement of table ".

Step 3: multiple rate charging carried out to each meter terminal data collected, the multiple rate charging mode include: based on when Paddy peak pricing model under domain policy and mechanism is measured based on the ladder under terraced domain policy.In the present invention, in addition to " Internet of Things table " is counted It measures outside terminal and the network design of " table networking ", also adds the energy consumption ladder function of measuring demand that current country advocates.

A kind of " multiple rate consumption " metering mechanism is invented, on the one hand allows national energy consumption consumption policies to be fulfilled, on the other hand Consumer is allowed to pass through tablet computer (smart phone) at any time, being in can be convenient, intuitively browse oneself energy consumption (water, electricity, gas, heat) Consumption especially may be selected consumption period, control excess consumption, provide good energy consumption for resident and consume foundation.

The technology implementation process for two kinds of valuation systems of illustrating individually below；

(A) " Gu Feng " Measuring system

" Gu Feng " valuates system generally in power grid consumption industry use, according to the electricity consumption number of one city different periods of analysis According to Industry regulatory bodies can make the power consumption unit price of different periods.For example, 18 points to 24 the periods, (peak 1.5 yuan/KW.H Value)；Zero point is to 06 period, and 0.5 yuan/KW.H (valley)；06 point to 18 period, 0.8 yuan/KW.H (level values)；According to the meter Valence mechanism, guidance citizen avoid peak power consumption consumption, recommend low ebb power consumption consumption, to reach energy-saving and emission-reduction, environmental protection National strategic aim；

It is described based on when domain policy under paddy peak metering mechanism include:

Specifically, " Gu Feng " pricing model under " time domain " strategy, since the benchmark of this strategy is the time, for The design of " table networking " measuring terminal, the accuracy of time are particularly important.In the design method for being based on " table networking " measuring terminal In, in " table networking " each LoRa gateway and " cloud computing component, uniformity and accuracy requirement to the time are just High in the extreme, we use Network Time Protocol (NetworkTimeProtocol, Network Time Protocol) first, which makes in network Each LoRa gateway and " cloud computing component synchronizes in time.Its purposes is each equipment in " table networking " And " clock of cloud computing component be synchronized to UTC Universal Time Coordinated UTC (English: CoordinatedUniversalTime, method: TempsUniverselCoordonn é, English (CUT) is different with the abbreviation of French (TUC), as compromise, abbreviation UTC.) on, The overwhelming majority can achieve 1-50ms to its precision on the internet.Network Time Protocol can ensure that " Gu Feng " valuation machine under " time domain " strategy " time foundation stone " errorless implementation of system.

Step 3-12: three time-domain coefficients K1, K2, K3 are established, wherein K1 corresponds to peak period；K2 corresponds to valley Period；K3 corresponds to the level values period；Specifically, K1 corresponds to " peak value " period () at 18 points to 24 points；When K2 corresponds to " valley " Section (zero point is to 06 point)；K3 corresponds to " level values " period () at 06 point to 18 points；Such as K3 (level values)=1；K1 (peak value)=1.4； K2 (valley)=0.7；

K1 × corresponding peak period K1 acquires meter data=S1 in real time and answers rate continuous data；

K2 × corresponding valley period K2 acquires meter data=S2 in real time and answers rate continuous data；

K3 × corresponding level values period K3 acquires meter data=S3 in real time and answers rate continuous data；

In the present embodiment, specifically,

The acquisition of K1 × in real time meter data (18 points to 24 points)=S1 answers rate continuous data；

The acquisition of K2 × in real time meter data (zero point is to 06 point)=S2 answers rate continuous data；

The acquisition of K3 × in real time meter data (06 point to 18 points)=S3 answers rate continuous data.

Wherein, gauge table number being acquired in real time, management end being sent to by VPN by house LoRa gateway, management end passes through cloud meter Calculation obtains S1, S2, S3 and answers rate continuous data, which is stored in management client database.

Step 3-13: the LoRa is sent by the data result (S1, S2, S3) after cloud computing integration in step 3-12 and is occupied On family's gateway and the mobile terminal (tablet computer, smart phone) of corresponding resident.Data result includes the following information content:

A) the real data total value of acquisition metering daily (metering tabular value)；

B) different time domain answers rate metering data value (S1/K1 period, S2/K2 period, S3/K3 period) daily；

C) multiple rate data total value (S1+S2+S3=S) is measured in acquisition daily；

D) add up energy-dissipation measuring data total value (cumulative with daily multiple rate variable)；

E) remaining energy-dissipation measuring data value (buying value subtracts D entry value)；

F) the real-time update of monthly magazine report continuous data.

Resident household can pass through tablet computer displaying live view energy consumption information inventory, as E item data value≤30KW.H, meeting Owner is prompted to buy the electricity charge, as E item data value≤1KW.H, urban distribution network administrative center can close resident's ammeter valve.

(B) " ladder " Measuring system

" ladder " valuation system is generally used in water, gas, warm consumption industry.Different from " Gu Feng " measuring system, " ladder " Metering, according to the consumption propensity of city dweller, in the boundary, is divided into several consumption price steps generally using year as boundary.For example, City dweller's each household is limited to 180M with water³/ year, 5 yuan/M³.If 180M³/ year < family water consumption≤230M³/ year, then 8 yuan/M³； If 230M³/ year < family water consumption≤500M³/ year, then 15 yuan/M³.As resident year energy consumption > 500M³When, administrative center will appear Abnormal alarm prompt, and the problem that can resolve through consultation with the resident；The ladder based under terraced domain policy measures mechanism

Step 3-21: using Network Time Protocol by multiple rate taximeter networking in each equipment and the " cloud in network common end The clock of calculating " component is synchronized to UTC Universal Time Coordinated UTC；Identical as step 3-11 technical solution, details are not described herein.

In the present embodiment, the present invention can establish three " terraced domain " coefficient u1, u2, u3 according to the requirement of administrative department.Its In, u1 corresponds to " normal value " period (family water consumption≤180M³/ year)；U2 corresponds to " slightly overflowing " period (180M³It uses at/year < family Water≤230M³/ year)；U3 corresponds to " extraordinary value " period (230M³/ year < family water consumption≤500M³/ year)；Such as ladder coefficient U1 (normal value)=1；Ladder coefficient u2 (slightly overflowing)=1.5；Ladder coefficient u3 (extraordinary value)=3.0；

U1 × corresponding normal value period u1 acquires meter data=T1 in real time and answers rate continuous data；

U2 × corresponding period u2 that slightly overflows acquires meter data=T2 in real time and answers rate continuous data；

U3 × corresponding extraordinary value period u3 acquires meter data=T3 in real time and answers rate continuous data；

In the present embodiment, specifically,

U1 × acquire meter data (family water consumption≤180M in real time³/ year)=T1 answers rate continuous data；

U2 × acquire meter data (180M in real time³/ year < family water consumption≤230M³/ year)=T2 answers rate continuous data；

U3 × acquire meter data (230M in real time³/ year < family water consumption≤500M³/ year)=T3 answers rate continuous data.

Wherein, gauge table number is acquired in real time and water resource management end is sent to by VPN by house LoRa gateway, such as A in Fig. 9 Shown in dotted line.The management end obtains T1, T2, T3 by cloud computing and answers rate continuous data, which is stored in originally The database at water management end.

Step 3-23: the LoRa is sent by the data result (T1, T2, T3) after cloud computing integration in step 3-22 and is occupied On family's gateway and the mobile terminal (tablet computer, smart phone) of corresponding resident, as shown in the B dotted line in Fig. 9.Data result Include the following information content:

B) rate variable (T1/u1 bench, T2/u2 bench, T3/u3 bench) is answered in terraced domains different daily；

C) multiple rate data total value (T1+T2+T3=T) is measured in acquisition daily；

F) the real-time update of monthly magazine report continuous data.

Resident household can be by tablet computer displaying live view energy consumption information inventory, as E item data value≤5M³When, it can mention Show that owner's purchase can expend, as E item data value≤1M³When, city corresponding management center can close resident energy consumption switch.

The data result includes: that rate metering is answered in acquisition actual metered total value, daily different time domain/ladder domain in real time daily Multiple rate data total value, the accumulative multiple rate metering total value, remaining energy consumption data value, the metering of monthly magazine report of consuming energy are measured in value, daily acquisition The real-time update of data.

It can be seen that by means of above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention, a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal Networking construction method, realized by the building of design and multiple rate taximeter networking to low energy consumption meter terminal: resident checks Convenient real-time: resident can facilitate the energy consumption data such as oneself water, electricity, gas, heat of browsing by tablet computer or smart mobile phone, Table data are checked with torch for illumination so as not to bending over, and consumption period, control excess consumption especially may be selected, provide well for resident Energy consumption consume foundation；Administrative department's intellectual management: the corresponding energy management department in city can monitor disappearing for each resident in real time Data are consumed, accomplishes that big data is excavated, combed, provides scientific basis for energy source dispensing.The infrastructure built using smart city, Water, electricity, gas, heat gauge table is included in smart city network establishment " four table of a net " business structure, avoids repeated construction；It does It " takes their own roads " to every profession and trade information, is convenient for every profession and trade independence O&M." table networking " measuring terminal of invention, it is comprehensive to improve Metering grade at home, especially " multiple rate charging " mechanism, can guide household consumption, raise environmental awareness amongst the general public.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

The construction method 1. a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal is networked, which comprises the following steps:

Step 1: construct multiple rate taximeter networking, the multiple rate taximeter networking include house network common end and respectively with The resident that house network common end interacts measures the VPN Wide Area Network of consumption terminal and division management end composition；

It includes each meter terminal and the house the LoRa gateway being set in each household resident man, each table that the resident, which measures consumption terminal, Terminal includes LoRa communication module, gauge table;

LoRa communication module in the one family resident man in each meter terminal passes through the house LoRa gateway and VPN wide area network Network interaction, the LoRa communication module and the house LoRa gateway are all made of the LWRF agreement based on FreeRTOS real time operating system Stack interaction；

The LWRF protocol stack includes interface layer, MAC layer, network layer, application support sublayer, network service and application layer；Institute LWRF protocol stack is stated by FreeRTOS real time operating system, reduces power consumption when multiple rate taximeter operation, comprising:

When there is data transmission: it first by DSR, is then copied to and sends in buffer area, finally start transmitter, one Denier is sent completely, and is closed transmitter immediately or is made chip suspend mode；

When data is received: CAD scanning is first carried out, is just received when having data, is transferred to immediately once data receiver finishes Suspend mode；

Step 2: the multiple rate taximeter networking carries out classification storage to data using data acquisition mailbox mode；The data point Picking mailbox mode includes:

Data collection, transmission are carried out first: using MQTT+HTTP+SSL(HTTPS)；

Secondly: online, off-line data processing being carried out by big data tool Hadoop, and carries out data conversion storage；

Finally；Data storage is carried out by Sqoop agreement and mysql technology；

Step 3: multiple rate charging being carried out to each meter terminal data collected, the multiple rate charging mode includes: based on time domain plan It measures mechanism and mechanism is measured based on the ladder under terraced domain policy in paddy peak under slightly.
The construction method 2. a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal according to claim 1 is networked, feature It is, the LoRa communication module includes and measures front end communication the STM32L central processing unit, the Yi Jifen that connect in meter terminal SX1278 wireless transmission, receiver and the data storage not connect with STM32L central processing unit.
The construction method 3. a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal according to claim 1 is networked, feature It is, the frame format of the LWRF protocol stack includes MAC layer, NWK layers and APS layers；Described APS layers is described NWK layers effective Load, the described NWK layers payload for the MAC layer；

Wherein: the MAC layer frame structure includes:

AutoCRC: it is used for automatic Verification；

LEN: for indicating in addition to LEN and AutoCRC, behind the sum of all data lengths；

DEST: it is used to indicate the destination address of this frame data transmission；

CRC: for verifying MAC header, prevent data length or address from malfunctioning；

REV: for reserve bytes, for extending；

The NWK layers of frame structure include:

SRC: for sending the node address of data frame；

SEQ: for transmission sequence number, it is used for response, repeats filtering frames；

TYPE: it is used for type definition；

Port: port definition；

The APS layers of frame structure includes CLUSTER, PROFILE, ENDPOINT；It is compatible defined ZigBee gateway Comnnnication protocol structure.
The construction method 4. a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal according to claim 1 is networked, feature It is, the type of the meter terminal includes at least water metering meter terminal, electricity metering meter terminal, gas metering meter terminal and warm gauge table Terminal.
The construction method 5. a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal according to claim 1 is networked, feature Be, it is described based on when domain policy under paddy peak metering mechanism include:

Step 3-11: using Network Time Protocol by multiple rate taximeter networking in each equipment and " the cloud meter in network common end The clock of calculation " component is synchronized to UTC Universal Time Coordinated UTC；

Step 3-12: three time-domain coefficients K1, K2, K3 are established, wherein K1 corresponds to peak period；K2 corresponds to the valley period； K3 corresponds to the level values period；It is calculate by the following formula multiple rate metering:

Data=S1 that K1 × corresponding peak period K1 acquires gauge table in real time answers rate continuous data

Data=S2 that K2 × corresponding valley period K2 acquires gauge table in real time answers rate continuous data

Data=S3 that K3 × corresponding level values period K3 acquires gauge table in real time answers rate continuous data

Step 3-13: the data result after integrating will be calculated in step 3-12 and is sent to the house LoRa gateway, then by LoRa House gateway is sent on cloud server and the mobile terminal of corresponding resident.
The construction method 6. a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal according to claim 1 is networked, feature It is, the ladder metering mechanism based under terraced domain policy includes:

Step 3-21: using Network Time Protocol by multiple rate taximeter networking in each equipment and " the cloud meter in network common end The clock of calculation " component is synchronized to UTC Universal Time Coordinated UTC；

Step 3-22: three terraced domain coefficient u1, u2, u3 are established；Wherein, u1 corresponds to normal value period；U2, which corresponds to, slightly to overflow Period；U3 corresponds to extraordinary value period；It is calculate by the following formula multiple rate metering:

U1 × corresponding normal value period u1 acquires meter data=T1 in real time and answers rate continuous data

U2 × corresponding period u2 that slightly overflows acquires meter data=T2 in real time and answers rate continuous data

U3 × corresponding extraordinary value period u3 acquires meter data=T3 in real time and answers rate continuous data

Step 3-23: the data result after integrating will be calculated in step 3-22 and is sent to the house LoRa gateway, then by LoRa House gateway is sent on cloud server and the mobile terminal of corresponding resident.
7. according to a kind of table networking building with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 6 Method, which is characterized in that the data result includes: that acquisition actual metered total value, daily different time domain/ladder domain are multiple in real time daily Multiple rate data total value, the accumulative multiple rate metering total value, remaining energy consumption data value, monthly magazine report of consuming energy are measured in rate variable, daily acquisition The real-time update of table continuous data.
The construction method 8. a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal according to claim 1 is networked, feature It is, the wireless frequency frequency range that the meter terminal LoRa module uses is 470-510Mhz.
The construction method 9. a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal according to claim 2 is networked, feature It is, is linked between the LoRa communication module and gauge table front end using UART interface.
The construction method 10. a kind of table with low power consuming, multiple rate charging meter terminal according to claim 1 is networked, it is special Sign is that the division management end includes water resource management department, natural gas administrative department, electric power Power Management department, heating " cloud " server service software corresponding to Power Management department and each administrative department.