CN109813969A - A kind of diagnostic method of array antenna, equipment, system and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
A kind of diagnostic method of array antenna, equipment, system and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of diagnostic method of array antenna, include the following steps: that S1. obtains the array element directional diagram of array antenna and the position at array element directional diagram center；S2. I is motivated in feed-in port；S3. the first measurement data E of the electric/magnetic field of the position and array antenna of a first measurement points of M in M the first measurement points is obtained；S4. bore field excitation I ' is obtained according to array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of the first measurement point and the first measurement data E；S5. it calculates bore field excitation I ' and refers to bore field excitation I 'RDifference, for single array element, if difference is greater than preset threshold, which is determined as failure array element, on the contrary then the array element is determined as normal array element.By less measurement data, priori knowledge known to associative array antenna can fast and efficiently diagnose array antenna the present invention, and by fault location to single array element, have great significance to the array antenna diagnosis in research and development and producing line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical fields, in particular to a kind of diagnostic method of array antenna, equipment, system
And computer readable storage medium.
Background technique
Antenna is widely used in the radio systems such as communication, broadcast, TV, radar and navigation, plays propagation
The effect of radio wave is effective eradiation and receives the essential device of radio wave.Array antenna is one kind by many
In two bay rules or random alignment and pass through the antenna of the suitably predetermined radiation characteristic of excitation acquisition.In recent years, array
Antenna is concerned as an important development direction of civil and military antenna technology.
Array antenna is made of mutiple antennas array element, and each array element feedback is specific to be formed with the signal of certain amplitude and phase
Wave beam and realize beam scanning, the Signal averaging of each array element forms the signal of array antenna.Under normal circumstances, connected by control
The attenuator for connecing array element is adjusted to the signal amplitude of array element and is formed required wave beam, by the shifting for changing connection array element
The phase of phase device controls to realize beam scanning the phase of array element signals.
Array antenna is in practical manufacturing process, the asymmetry of the structure as caused by machining accuracy etc. and device itself
Inconsistency, in addition the mutual coupling etc. between the fluctuation of antenna itself, bay makes the amplitude and phase of some antennas array element
Position may or even part element failure different from desired value, the amplitude and phase deviation of array element or failure will cause array antenna aperture field
Variation, there are deviations for the output in turn resulting in array and ideal situation, influence the performance and use of antenna.Therefore it needs to be poised for battle
Array antenna is diagnosed to judge whether its index reaches expected design.
Traditional antenna test method is mainly two class of far field test and near-field test, these methods are to carry out array antenna
It, can not be by fault location to radiation array element based on overall permanence test.Existing frequently-used midfield single channel test passes through control battle array
Array antenna successively switchs each radiation array element, in the middle place of front, i.e., is surveyed relative to the far-field region of radiation array element using wide valve
Examination antenna tested, by receive power fall judge array element whether failure.Although this method can carry out failure
Positioning, but an array element can only be tested every time.
It is a kind of it is more efficient, the diagnostic method of the array antenna of fault location to array element can urgently be proposed.
Summary of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of diagnostic method of array antenna, lead to
Less measurement is crossed, it being capable of quickly and efficiently diagnosing to array antenna.
To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of diagnostic method of array antenna, which is characterized in that institute
Stating array antenna includes N number of array element, and the diagnostic method includes the following steps:
S1. the array element directional diagram of the array antenna and the position at array element directional diagram center are obtained；
S2. I is motivated in feed-in port；
S3. obtain M the first measurement points position and array antenna M the first measurement points electric/magnetic field the
One measurement data E, the first measurement data E includes amplitude and phase information, M >=N/3；
S4. it is surveyed according to the array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of the first measurement point and first
It measures data E and obtains bore field excitation I '；
S5. it calculates the bore field excitation I ' and refers to bore field excitation I 'RDifference, for single array element, such as
Fruit difference is greater than preset threshold, then the array element is determined as failure array element, if difference is less than preset threshold, which is determined as
Normal array element.
It is further limited as of the invention, the array element directional diagram is obtained by the isolated directional diagram of array element by amendment.
It is further limited as of the invention, the modified embodiment are as follows: calculating is passed through based on default correction matrix
It is modified, or the physical parameter based on array antenna or/and mechanical model or/and simulation model are repaired by emulation
Just, the physical parameter of the array antenna includes antenna form and array structure.
It is further limited as of the invention, array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, in the step S4
The position of one measurement point, the first measurement data E and bore field excitation I ' meet relational expression: E=YI ', and wherein E is the M
The electric/magnetic field that first measurement point measures is the matrix of M × 1, and Y is width phase inversion matrix of the array element to the first measurement point, Y according to
The position of array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center and the first measurement point obtains.
It is further limited as of the invention, establishes spherical coordinate system, the array element of n-th of array element by origin of any reference point
The coordinate of the position at directional diagram center is (Rn,θn,φn), the array element directional diagram of n=1,2 ..., N, n-th of array element are expressed as fn
(θ, φ), the coordinate of m-th of first measurement point positions are (R 'm,θ′m,φ′m), m=1,2 ..., M, the array element to measurement point
Width phase inversion matrix Y be
It is the width phase inversion factor of n-th of the array element in the position of m-th of first measurement points,
In (θ 'mn,φ′mn) be m-th of first measurement points position relative to n-th of array element array element directional diagram center position where
Angle, fn(θ′mn,φ′mn) it is n-th of array element in (θ 'mn,φ′m) angle array element pattern information, include amplitude and phase
Information,It is the phase only pupil filter carried out to the array element directional diagram of n-th of array element in the position of m-th of first measurement points,Be m-th of first measurement points position be directed toward n-th of array element array element directional diagram center position vector mould it is long, k
It is Electromagnetic Wave Propagation constant.
It is further limited as of the invention, the array element directional diagram of each array element of array antenna is identical, f1(θ, φ)=f2
(θ, φ)=...=fNThe width phase inversion matrix Y of (θ, φ)=f (θ, φ), the array element to measurement point is
It is further limited as of the invention, the measurement point position is in the radiated far field of array element.
It is further limited as of the invention, as M > N/3, the aperture field is calculated by least square method and is swashed
Encourage I '.
It is further limited as of the invention, it is described to refer to bore field excitation I 'RIt is obtained according to following any method
:
A. the array antenna for selecting radiance qualification in advance is labeled as golden machine, obtain the array element directional diagram of the golden machine with
And I is motivated in the position at array element directional diagram center, feed-in port, the position for obtaining a second measurement point of M ' and golden machine are in M ' a the
Second measurement data E ' of the electric/magnetic field of two measurement points, the second measurement data E ' include amplitude and phase information, and M ' >=
N/3 is surveyed according to the golden array element directional diagram of machine, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of the second measurement point and second
It measures data E ' acquisition and refers to bore field excitation I 'R；Alternatively,
B. array antenna known to radiance qualification and directional diagram is selected in advance and is labeled as golden machine, obtains the golden machine
The position at array element directional diagram and array element directional diagram center, according to the array element directional diagram of the golden machine, array element directional diagram center
Position and golden machine directional diagram FMIt obtains described with reference to bore field excitation I 'R；Alternatively,
C. according to the design array element directional diagram of the array antenna, the position and array day at design array element directional diagram center
The design direction figure F of lineDIt obtains and refers to bore field excitation I 'R。
It is further limited as of the invention, in the method A, the array element directional diagram of golden machine, array element directional diagram center
Position, the position of the second measurement point, the second measurement data E ' and reference bore field excitation I 'RMeet relational expression: E '=Y ' I 'R,
Wherein the meaning of Y ' is similar with the Y, and details are not described herein again；
In the method B, the array element directional diagram of golden machine, the position at array element directional diagram center, golden machine directional diagram FMAnd ginseng
Examine bore field excitation I 'RMeet relational expression: FM=(I 'R)TXM, wherein ()TIndicate transposition, XMIt is array element to golden machine directional diagram FMGinseng
Examine the width phase inversion matrix in face, XMAccording to array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center and golden machine directional diagram FMThe plane of reference
It obtains；
In the method C, the design side of array element directional diagram, the position for designing array element directional diagram center, array antenna is designed
To figure FDAnd refer to bore field excitation I 'RMeet relational expression: FD=(I 'R)TXD, wherein ()TIndicate transposition, XDMeaning and XM
Similar, details are not described herein again.
It is further limited as of the invention, the array element to golden machine directional diagram FMThe width phase inversion matrix X of the plane of referenceMFor
It is n-th of array element in golden machine directional diagram FMThe width phase inversion factor of the plane of reference, wherein (θn,
φn) it is golden machine directional diagram FMPoint on the plane of reference is with respect to the angle where the position at the array element directional diagram center of n-th of array element, fn
(θn,φn) it is n-th of array element in (θn,φn) angle array element pattern information, include amplitude and phase information,It is
To the array element directional diagram of n-th of array element in golden machine directional diagram FMThe phase only pupil filter that plane of reference position carries out,It is Jin Jifang
To figure FMThe mould that the vector of the position at the array element directional diagram center of n-th of array element is directed toward in plane of reference position is long, and k is electromagnetic wave
Propagation constant；
XDMeaning and XMSimilar, details are not described herein again.
Another aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of diagnostic device of array antenna, which is characterized in that the diagnostic device packet
It includes:
Array element directional diagram obtains module, for obtaining array element directional diagram and the array element directional diagram center of the array antenna
Position；
Power feeding module, for being motivated to array antenna feed-in port；
Signal transmitting and receiving module is connect with the measurement antenna, for obtaining the position of M measurement point, by measurement antenna
To the array antenna emission measurement signal and the measurement data of the array antenna electric/magnetic field, institute are obtained in M measurement point
Stating measurement data includes amplitude and phase information, and M >=N/3, N are the array number of the array antenna；
Bore field excitation obtains module, for according to the array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, measurement point
Position and measurement data obtain bore field excitation I '；
Fault determination module refers to bore field excitation I ' with preset for obtaining bore field excitation I 'RDifference go forward side by side
Row fault verification, for single array element, if difference is greater than preset threshold, which is determined as failure array element, if
Difference is less than preset threshold, then the array element is determined as normal array element.
It is further limited as of the invention, it includes measuring unit that the array element directional diagram, which obtains module, is obtained for measuring
Obtain the array element directional diagram of the array antenna.
It is further limited as of the invention, the array element directional diagram obtains module and includes:
Array element isolates directional diagram acquiring unit, the isolated directional diagram of the array element for obtaining array antenna；
Amending unit obtains the array day by calculating for the isolated directional diagram of array element to be based on default correction matrix
The array element directional diagram of line, or the isolated directional diagram of array element is led to based on physical parameter or/and mechanical model or/and simulation model
The array element directional diagram that emulation obtains the array antenna is crossed, the physical parameter includes antenna form and array structure.
Another aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of diagnostic device of array antenna, which is characterized in that the diagnostic device packet
The computer program that includes memory, processor and storage in the memory and can run on the processor, it is special
Sign is, when the processor executes the computer program the step of realization preceding method.
Another aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of diagnostic system of array antenna, including anechoic chamber, and measurement antenna,
It is characterized in that, integrating preceding diagnosis equipment in the diagnostic system.
Another aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of computer readable storage medium, the computer-readable recording medium storage
There is computer program, which is characterized in that the step of preceding method is realized when the computer program is executed by processor.
The present invention is by less electric/magnetic field measurement data, in conjunction with the array element side of the location information of measurement point, array antenna
To the priori knowledge of the array antennas such as figure and the location information at array element directional diagram center, inverting obtains bore field excitation I ', then root
According to the bore field excitation I ' of each array element and with reference to bore field excitation I 'RDifference array antenna is diagnosed.With it is existing
Method is compared, and method measurement data of the invention is few, and measurement efficiency is high, is easy to Project Realization, can be efficiently to array antenna
It is diagnosed, and by fault location to single array element, is had great significance to the array antenna diagnosis in research and development and producing line.
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the diagnostic method of the array antenna of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the diagnostic device of the array antenna of second embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below to embodiments of the present invention.It is emphasized that following the description is only exemplary,
It is intended to be used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more,
Unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can be machine
Tool connection, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, two members can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside part.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood in this hair as the case may be
Concrete meaning in bright.
The array antenna being made of N number of array element, the directional diagram of array antenna are regarded as under bore field excitation, are owned
The vector superposition of the directional diagram of array element.The present invention passes through the measurement data of the electric/magnetic field of array antenna, the position letter of measurement point
Breath, the array element directional diagram of array antenna and the position at array element directional diagram center, inverting obtains bore field excitation, further according to reference
Bore field excitation, diagnoses array antenna.Fig. 1 illustrates the diagnostic method of the array antenna of first embodiment of the invention
Process, described method includes following steps:
S1. the array element directional diagram of array antenna and the position at array element directional diagram center are obtained.Wherein array element directional diagram by
The isolated directional diagram of array element is obtained by amendment.Specifically, the embodiment of " amendment " are as follows: based on default correction matrix
It is modified by calculating, or physical parameter (including antenna form and array structure) or/and machinery based on array antenna
Model or/and simulation model are modified by emulation.
S2. I is motivated in feed-in port.Port excitation I be it is known, define port excitation I it is as follows:
Wherein,It is the port excitation of n-th of array element feed-in, InIt is the port excitation of n-th of array element feed-in
Amplitude, j are imaginary units, It is the phase of the port excitation of n-th of array element feed-in, n=1,2 ..., N.
S3. actinometry is carried out to array antenna by measurement antenna in M the first measurement points, obtains M first and surveys
The first measurement data E of the position of point and the electric/magnetic field of M the first measurement points is measured, the first measurement data E includes width
Degree and phase information, M >=N/3.Here a variety of measurement methods can be used, such as common spherical scanning, flat scanning, cylinder scanning
Deng or other measurement methods；First measurement point position is in the radiated far field of array element.
S4. according to the array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of measurement point and measurement data E
Obtain bore field excitation I '.It is as follows to define bore field excitation I ':
Wherein,It is the bore field excitation of n-th of array element, I 'nIt is the width of the bore field excitation of n-th of array element
Degree,It is the phase of the bore field excitation of n-th of array element；
Array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of the first measurement point, the first measurement data in this step
E and bore field excitation I ' meet relational expression: E=YI ', and wherein E is the electric/magnetic field that the M the first measurement points measure, and are M
× 1 matrix, Y be width phase inversion matrix of the array element to the first measurement point, and Y is according to array element directional diagram, array element directional diagram center
Position and the position of the first measurement point obtain；
S5. it calculates bore field excitation I ' and refers to bore field excitation I 'RDifference, for single array element, if poor
Value is greater than preset threshold, then the array element is determined as failure array element, if difference is less than preset threshold, which is determined as normally
Array element.
It should be noted that the implementation sequence of above-mentioned steps S1~S5 is not unmodifiable.For example, can also according to S2 →
S3 → S1 → S4 → S5 sequence is implemented.
Be specifically described below array element in present embodiment to measurement point width phase inversion matrix Y calculation method.
Spherical coordinate system, the coordinate of the position at the array element directional diagram center of n-th of array element are established by origin of any reference point
For (Rn,θn,φn), the array element directional diagram of n=1,2 ..., N, n-th of array element are expressed as fn(θ, φ), m-th of first measurement points
The coordinate of position is (R 'm,θ′m,φ′m), m=1,2 ..., M, the width phase inversion matrix Y of array element to the first measurement point are as follows:
It is the width phase inversion factor of n-th of the array element in the position of m-th of first measurement points,
In (θ 'mn,φ′mn) be m-th of first measurement points position relative to n-th of array element array element directional diagram center position where
Angle, fn(θ′mn,φ′mn) it is n-th of array element in (θ 'mn,φ′m) angle array element pattern information, include amplitude and phase
Information,It is the phase only pupil filter carried out to the array element directional diagram of n-th of array element in the position of m-th of first measurement points,Be m-th of first measurement points position be directed toward n-th of array element array element directional diagram center position vector mould it is long, k
It is Electromagnetic Wave Propagation constant.
So
I ': I '=(Y is acquired by following formula*Y)-1Y*E, wherein ()*Indicate conjugate transposition；
It calculates bore field excitation I ' and refers to bore field excitation I 'RDifference, if difference be greater than preset threshold, the battle array
Member is determined as failure array element, otherwise is normal array element.
If the array element directional diagram of each array element of array antenna is identical, i.e. f1(θ, φ)=f2(θ, φ)=...=fN(θ,φ)
=f (θ, φ), then width phase inversion matrix Y of the array element to the first measurement point are as follows:
So
I ': I '=(Y is acquired by following formula*Y)-1Y*E, wherein ()*Indicate conjugate transposition；
It calculates bore field excitation I ' and refers to bore field excitation I 'RDifference, if difference be greater than preset threshold, the battle array
Member is determined as failure array element, otherwise is normal array element.
Below to reference bore field excitation I 'RThree kinds of acquisition modes make an explanation:
A. the array antenna for selecting radiance qualification in advance is labeled as golden machine, obtain the array element directional diagram of the golden machine with
And I is motivated in the position at array element directional diagram center, feed-in port, the position for obtaining a second measurement point of M ' and golden machine are in M ' a the
Second measurement data E ' of the electric/magnetic field of two measurement points, the second measurement data E ' include amplitude and phase information, and M ' >=
N/3 is surveyed according to the golden array element directional diagram of machine, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of the second measurement point and second
It measures data E ' acquisition and refers to bore field excitation I 'R；Wherein, the array element directional diagram of golden machine, the position at array element directional diagram center, second
The position of measurement point, the second measurement data E ' and reference bore field excitation I 'RMeet relational expression: E '=Y ' I 'R, wherein Y '
Meaning is similar with aforementioned Y, and details are not described herein again.
B. array antenna known to radiance qualification and directional diagram is selected in advance and is labeled as golden machine, obtains the golden machine
The position at array element directional diagram and array element directional diagram center, according to the array element directional diagram of the golden machine, array element directional diagram center
Position and golden machine directional diagram FMIt obtains described with reference to bore field excitation I 'R；Wherein, the array element directional diagram of golden machine, array element directional diagram
The position at center, golden machine directional diagram FMAnd refer to bore field excitation I 'RMeet relational expression: FM=(I 'R)TXM, wherein ()TIt indicates
Transposition, XMIt is array element to golden machine directional diagram FMThe width phase inversion matrix of the plane of reference, XMAccording in array element directional diagram, array element directional diagram
The position of the heart and golden machine directional diagram FMThe plane of reference obtains,
It is n-th of array element in golden machine directional diagram FMThe width phase inversion factor of the plane of reference, wherein (θn,
φn) it is golden machine directional diagram FMPoint on the plane of reference is with respect to the angle where the position at the array element directional diagram center of n-th of array element, fn
(θn,φn) it is n-th of array element in (θn,φn) angle array element pattern information, include amplitude and phase information,It is
To the array element directional diagram of n-th of array element in golden machine directional diagram FMThe phase only pupil filter that plane of reference position carries out,It is Jin Jifang
To figure FMThe mould that the vector of the position at the array element directional diagram center of n-th of array element is directed toward in plane of reference position is long, and k is electromagnetic wave
Propagation constant.
C. according to the design array element directional diagram of the array antenna, the position and array day at design array element directional diagram center
The design direction figure F of lineDIt obtains and refers to bore field excitation I 'R；It wherein designs array element directional diagram, design array element directional diagram center
Position, array antenna design direction figure FDAnd refer to bore field excitation I 'RMeet relational expression: FD=(I 'R)TXD, wherein ()T
Indicate transposition, XDMeaning and XMSimilar, details are not described herein again.
Here, having need to illustrate in present embodiment at 3 points:
(1) heretofore described array element directional diagram is obtained by the isolated directional diagram of array element by amendment.Particularly, work as array
When antenna is lower coupling array, the mutual coupling effect between array element is weaker, and influence of the array element mutual coupling intensity to computational accuracy is considered
It is acceptable, the isolated directional diagram that array element can be directly used at this time is calculated.
(2) as M=N/3, when calculating bore field excitation I ', equation number is equal to known variables number to be solved, can be with
Bore field excitation I ' is obtained by solving system of linear equations；As M > N/3, when calculating bore field excitation I ', equation number is greater than
Bore field excitation I ' can be calculated in known variables number to be solved by least square method.As M '=N/3 and M ' >=N/3
When, situation is similar, repeats no more.
(3) spherical coordinate system employed in present embodiment is intended merely to description of the invention conveniently, the common skill in this field
Art personnel should be appreciated that other coordinate systems, which can also be used, to be described, such as can be according to well known standard spherical co-ordinates-rectangular co-ordinate
Transformation rule is converted to rectangular coordinate system and is described, and does not influence substantive content of the invention, should also fall into protection of the invention
Range.
Referring to Fig. 2, second embodiment of the present invention is the calibrator (-ter) unit 200 of array antenna, in present embodiment, calibration
Equipment 200 includes memory 201 and processor 202, and memory 201 is connected to processor 202, so as to storage program area, answers
With, computer program code, data etc., special instruction, memory 201 is stored with the meter that can be run on processor 202
The step of calculation machine program, processor 202 realizes such as foregoing first embodiment the method when executing the computer program, and
And processor 202 is connected with lower module:
Array element directional diagram obtains module 203, for obtaining the array element directional diagram and array element directional diagram of the array antenna
The position at center；This module includes measuring unit, for measuring the array element directional diagram for obtaining the array antenna；This module may be used also
To include that array element isolates directional diagram acquiring unit, for obtaining the isolated directional diagram and amending unit of the array element of array antenna,
The array element directional diagram for obtaining the array antenna is calculated for passing through the isolated directional diagram of array element based on default correction matrix, or
The isolated directional diagram of array element is based on physical parameter (including antenna form and array structure) or/and mechanical model or/and imitated by person
True mode obtains the array element directional diagram of the array antenna by emulation.
Power feeding module 204, for being motivated to array antenna feed-in port；
Signal transmitting and receiving module 205 is connect with the measurement antenna, for obtaining the position of M measurement point, by measurement day
Line to the array antenna emission measurement signal and obtains the measurement data of the array antenna electric/magnetic field in M measurement point,
The measurement data includes amplitude and phase information, and M >=N/3, N are the array number of the array antenna；
Bore field excitation obtains module 206, for the position according to the array element directional diagram, array element directional diagram center, survey
The position and measurement data for measuring point obtain bore field excitation I '；
Fault determination module 207 refers to bore field excitation I ' with preset for obtaining bore field excitation I 'RDifference simultaneously
Fault verification is carried out, for single array element, if difference is greater than preset threshold, which is determined as failure array element, such as
Fruit difference is less than preset threshold, then the array element is determined as normal array element.
It should be noted that calibrator (-ter) unit 200 is described for convenience and shown, calibrator (-ter) unit 200 can also include
Other required modules.Further, it is also possible to merge or segment at least partly module in calibrator (-ter) unit 200.
Third embodiment of the present invention be array antenna calibration system, including anechoic chamber, and measurement antenna,
The calibrator (-ter) unit as described in second embodiment is integrated in the measuring system.
4th embodiment of the invention is a kind of computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium is deposited
Computer program is contained, the step such as foregoing first embodiment the method is realized when the computer program is executed by processor
Suddenly.
It should be noted that embodiments of the present invention can be realized in several ways, for example, hardware, firmware, software
Or combinations thereof.
The above content is combine it is specific/further detailed description of the invention for preferred embodiment, cannot recognize
Fixed specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some replacements or modifications can also be made to the embodiment that these have been described,
And these substitutions or variant all shall be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of diagnostic method of array antenna, which is characterized in that the array antenna includes N number of array element, the diagnostic method
Include the following steps:
S1. the array element directional diagram of the array antenna and the position at array element directional diagram center are obtained；
S2. I is motivated in feed-in port；
S3. the position and array antenna for obtaining M the first measurement points first are surveyed in the electric/magnetic field of M the first measurement points
Data E is measured, the first measurement data E includes amplitude and phase information, M >=N/3；
S4. according to the array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of the first measurement point and the first measurement number
Bore field excitation I ' is obtained according to E；
S5. it calculates the bore field excitation I ' and refers to bore field excitation I 'RDifference, for single array element, if difference
Greater than preset threshold, then the array element is determined as failure array element, if difference is less than preset threshold, which is determined as normal battle array
Member.
2. the diagnostic method of array antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the array element directional diagram is by array element
Isolated directional diagram is obtained by amendment.
3. the diagnostic method of array antenna according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the modified embodiment are as follows:
Based on default correction matrix by calculate be modified, or the physical parameter based on array antenna or/and mechanical model or/and
Simulation model is modified by emulation, and the physical parameter of the array antenna includes antenna form and array structure.
4. the diagnostic method of array antenna according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that battle array in the step S4
First directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of the first measurement point, the first measurement data E and bore field excitation I '
Meet relational expression: E=YI ', it is the matrix of M × 1, Y is array element that wherein E, which is the electric/magnetic field that the M the first measurement points measure,
To the width phase inversion matrix of the first measurement point, Y is according to array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center and the first measurement point
Position obtain.
5. the diagnostic method of array antenna according to claim 4, which is characterized in that established by origin of any reference point
Spherical coordinate system, the coordinate of the position at the array element directional diagram center of n-th of array element are (Rn, θn, φn), n=1,2 ..., N, n-th
The array element directional diagram of array element is expressed as fn(θ, φ), the coordinate of m-th of first measurement point positions are (R 'm, θ 'm, φ 'm), m=1,
The width phase inversion matrix Y of 2 ..., M, the array element to measurement point is
It is the width phase inversion factor of n-th of the array element in the position of m-th of first measurement points, wherein
(θ′mn, φ 'mn) be position of the position of m-th of first measurement points relative to the array element directional diagram center of n-th of array element where
Angle, fn(θ′mn, φ 'mn) it is n-th of array element in (θ 'mn, φ 'm) angle array element pattern information, comprising amplitude and phase believe
Breath,It is the phase only pupil filter carried out to the array element directional diagram of n-th of array element in the position of m-th of first measurement points,Be m-th of first measurement points position be directed toward n-th of array element array element directional diagram center position vector mould it is long, k
It is Electromagnetic Wave Propagation constant.
6. the diagnostic method of array antenna according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the battle array of each array element of array antenna
First directional diagram is identical, f1(θ, φ)=f2(θ, φ)=...=fN(θ, φ)=f (θ, φ), the width phase of the array element to measurement point
Transformation matrix Y is
7. the diagnostic method of any array antenna according to claim 1,2,3,5,6, which is characterized in that the measurement
Point is located at the radiated far field of array element.
8. the diagnostic method of any array antenna according to claim 1,2,3,5,6, which is characterized in that as M > N/3
When, the bore field excitation I ' is calculated by least square method.
9. the diagnostic method of any array antenna according to claim 1,2,3,5,6, which is characterized in that the reference
Bore field excitation I 'RIt is obtained according to following any method:
A. the array antenna for selecting radiance qualification in advance is labeled as golden machine, obtains the array element directional diagram and battle array of the golden machine
I is motivated in the position at first directional diagram center, feed-in port, and the position and golden machine for obtaining a second measurement point of M ' are surveyed in M ' a second
Amount point place electric/magnetic field the second measurement data E ', the second measurement data E ' include amplitude and phase information, M ' >=N/3,
According to the golden array element directional diagram of machine, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of the second measurement point and the second measurement number
Bore field excitation I ' is referred to according to E ' acquisitionR；Alternatively,
B. array antenna known to radiance qualification and directional diagram is selected in advance and is labeled as golden machine, obtains the array element of the golden machine
The position at directional diagram and array element directional diagram center, according to the array element directional diagram of the golden machine, the position at array element directional diagram center
And golden machine directional diagram FMIt obtains described with reference to bore field excitation I 'R；Alternatively,
C. according to the design array element directional diagram of the array antenna, the position at design array element directional diagram center and array antenna
Design direction figure FDIt obtains and refers to bore field excitation I 'R。
10. the diagnostic method of array antenna according to claim 9, which is characterized in that in the method A, the battle array of golden machine
First directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, the position of the second measurement point, the second measurement data E ' and reference aperture field swash
Encourage I 'RMeet relational expression: E '=Y ' I 'R, wherein the meaning of Y ' is similar with the Y, and details are not described herein again；
In the method B, the array element directional diagram of golden machine, the position at array element directional diagram center, golden machine directional diagram FMAnd refer to bore
Field excitation I 'RMeet relational expression: FM=(I 'R)TXM, wherein ()TIndicate transposition, XMIt is array element to golden machine directional diagram FMThe plane of reference
Width phase inversion matrix, XMAccording to array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center and golden machine directional diagram FMThe plane of reference obtains；
In the method C, the design direction figure F of array element directional diagram, the position for designing array element directional diagram center, array antenna is designedD
And refer to bore field excitation I 'RMeet relational expression: FD=(I 'R)TXD, wherein ()TIndicate transposition, XDMeaning and XMIt is similar,
Details are not described herein again.
11. the diagnostic method of array antenna according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the array element to golden machine directional diagram
FMThe width phase inversion matrix X of the plane of referenceMFor
It is n-th of array element in golden machine directional diagram FMThe width phase inversion factor of the plane of reference, wherein (θn, φn)
It is golden machine directional diagram FMPoint on the plane of reference is with respect to the angle where the position at the array element directional diagram center of n-th of array element, fn(θn,
φn) it is n-th of array element in (θn, φn) angle array element pattern information, include amplitude and phase information,It is to
The array element directional diagram of n array element is in golden machine directional diagram FMThe phase only pupil filter that plane of reference position carries out,It is golden machine directional diagram
FMThe mould that the vector of the position at the array element directional diagram center of n-th of array element is directed toward in plane of reference position is long, and k is Electromagnetic Wave Propagation
Constant；
XDMeaning and XMSimilar, details are not described herein again.
12. a kind of diagnostic device of array antenna, which is characterized in that the diagnostic device includes:
Array element directional diagram obtains module, for obtaining the array element directional diagram of the array antenna and the position at array element directional diagram center
It sets；
Power feeding module, for being motivated to array antenna feed-in port；
Signal transmitting and receiving module is connect with the measurement antenna, for obtaining the position of M measurement point, by measurement antenna at M
Measurement point is to the array antenna emission measurement signal and obtains the measurement data of the array antenna electric/magnetic field, the survey
Measuring data includes amplitude and phase information, and M >=N/3, N are the array number of the array antenna；
Bore field excitation obtain module, for according to the array element directional diagram, the position at array element directional diagram center, measurement point position
It sets and measurement data obtains bore field excitation I '；
Fault determination module refers to bore field excitation I ' with preset for obtaining bore field excitation I 'RDifference and carry out failure
Determine, for single array element, if difference is greater than preset threshold, which is determined as failure array element, if difference is small
In preset threshold, then the array element is determined as normal array element.
13. the diagnostic device of array antenna according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the array element directional diagram obtains mould
Block includes measuring unit, for measuring the array element directional diagram for obtaining the array antenna.
14. the diagnostic device of array antenna according to claim 12 or 13, which is characterized in that the array element directional diagram obtains
Modulus block includes:
Array element isolates directional diagram acquiring unit, the isolated directional diagram of the array element for obtaining array antenna；
Amending unit, for the isolated directional diagram of array element to be obtained the array antenna by calculating based on default correction matrix
Array element directional diagram, or the isolated directional diagram of array element is based on physical parameter or/and mechanical model or/and simulation model by imitating
The array element directional diagram of the array antenna is really obtained, the physical parameter includes antenna form and array structure.
15. a kind of diagnostic device of array antenna, which is characterized in that the diagnostic device includes memory, processor and deposits
Store up the computer program that can be run in the memory and on the processor, which is characterized in that the processor executes
The step of any the method in such as claim 1,2,3,5,6,10,11 is realized when the computer program.
16. a kind of diagnostic system of array antenna, including anechoic chamber, and measurement antenna, which is characterized in that in the diagnosis
The diagnostic device as described in any in claim 12,13,15 is integrated in system.
17. a kind of computer readable storage medium, the computer-readable recording medium storage has computer program, and feature exists
In being realized when the computer program is executed by processor such as claim 1, any the method in 2,3,5,6,10,11
Step.
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