CN109811927B - Fireproof and shock-insulation support device under earthquake action and fireproof and shock-insulation method - Google Patents
Fireproof and shock-insulation support device under earthquake action and fireproof and shock-insulation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fireproof and shock-insulating support device and a fireproof and shock-insulating method under the action of an earthquake, wherein the shock-insulating support comprises a rubber layer and an interlayer steel plate which are stacked up and down at intervals, a supporting core is arranged in the middle of the shock-insulating support in a penetrating way from top to bottom, a buffering and fire-proof protection layer is arranged around the periphery of the shock-insulating support, the buffering and fire-proof protection layer is of a net structure and comprises a plurality of fireproof balls serving as nodes of the net structure, and the adjacent fireproof balls are connected through rigid springs; the fireproof ball comprises a ball shell and a shape memory alloy block arranged in the center of the ball shell, wherein the ball shell is filled with fireproof paint around the shape memory alloy block, and paint overflow holes are distributed on the surface of the fireproof ball; the gap between the cushioning fireproof protection layer and the vibration isolation support is filled with fireproof rock wool. The invention has good fireproof performance, can achieve normal shock insulation effect when a fire disaster occurs, and can ensure the safety of the building; and the damage and the vibration isolation failure of the vibration isolation support structure caused by the earthquake vibration can be avoided, and the durable protection can be provided for the building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fireproof and shock-insulation support device and a fireproof and shock-insulation method under the action of an earthquake, and belongs to the field of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction of building structures.
Background
In recent years, earthquakes with excessive earthquake magnitude and high damage degree in China, such as Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake, cause death or missing of nearly 9 ten thousands of people, and reed mountain Ms 7.0 earthquake cause distress of 196 people, missing of 21 people and the like. Along with the rapid development of national economy in China, the building quantity of the seismic isolation buildings in China is rapidly increased in recent years, and the quantity of the seismic isolation buildings in China exceeds 3000 in the past by the statistics of China investigation and design society in 2016 12 months. The realization of the shock absorption effect of the shock insulation building is not separated from the design of the shock insulation structure, and the shock insulation support is a part of the shock insulation structure.
The shock insulation support is a rubber product, is an important component in a shock insulation building, but has poor fire resistance on one hand, and can cause great influence on normal use of the building after a fire disaster occurs; on the other hand, when the earthquake-proof building design is carried out, the building components related to the earthquake are required to move freely temporarily, but under the action of the irregular earthquake, the upper structure and the lower structure of the earthquake-proof support can relatively move, and at the moment, the earthquake-proof support between the upper structure and the lower structure can be greatly displaced, so that the damage of the support structure and the failure of the earthquake-proof are caused, and the building cannot be effectively protected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the fireproof and shock-insulation support device and the fireproof and shock-insulation method under the action of earthquake, which have good fireproof performance, do not influence normal use when a fire disaster occurs, do not cause structural damage and shock insulation failure due to earthquake vibration, and can provide durable protection for a building.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the fireproof and shock-insulating device comprises a shock-insulating support arranged between an upper building structure and a lower building structure, wherein the shock-insulating support comprises a rubber layer and an interlayer steel plate which are arranged in a stacked mode at intervals from top to bottom, a supporting core is arranged in the middle of the shock-insulating support in a penetrating mode from top to bottom, a shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer is arranged on the periphery of the shock-insulating support in a surrounding mode, the shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer is of a net-shaped structure, the shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer comprises a plurality of fireproof balls serving as net-shaped structure nodes, and the adjacent fireproof balls are connected through rigid springs; the fireproof ball comprises a ball shell and a shape memory alloy block arranged in the center of the ball shell, wherein the ball shell is filled with fireproof paint around the shape memory alloy block, and a plurality of paint overflow holes are distributed on the surface of the fireproof ball; the upper edge of the cushioning fireproof protection layer is fixed on an upper building structure, the lower edge of the cushioning fireproof protection layer is fixed on a lower building structure, and fireproof rock wool is filled in a gap between the cushioning fireproof protection layer and the vibration isolation support.
Preferably, the spherical shell of the fireproof ball comprises two ceramic aerogel semi-spherical shells, the openings of the two ceramic aerogel semi-spherical shells are opposite and are respectively bonded on the two side surfaces of a circular connecting ring, the cavity surrounded by the two ceramic aerogel semi-spherical shells is filled with fireproof paint around the shape memory alloy block, and the paint overflow holes are distributed on the surfaces of the ceramic aerogel semi-spherical shells around the openings of the ceramic aerogel semi-spherical shells. The aerogel is composed of air or free space and ceramic, metal, particles, powder or carbon solid medium, wherein the proportion of the air or free space is more than 99%, so the aerogel can be very light, and the ceramic aerogel has more excellent properties such as light weight, excellent heat insulation and chemical stability, can be operated under the high temperature condition in corrosive environment, thus playing an effective fire-proof role in fire disaster, and therefore, the ceramic aerogel is adopted as the spherical shell material of the fire-proof ball. For convenient preparation fire prevention ball, simultaneously convenient change, this pellet is glued together with gluing through circular go-between by two hemisphere shells, and when the fire prevention ball damage needs to be changed because the operation is improper in the use, split fire prevention ball into two hemispheres, the part of damage directly change for new can to make the installation or the change of pellet more convenient.
Preferably, the material of the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell is three-dimensional hBN ceramic aerogel. The three-dimensional hBN ceramic aerogel has excellent fireproof capability, negative thermal expansion coefficient and negative Poisson ratio, has the characteristics of ultra-light and super heat insulation, has high mechanical strength, can improve the overall support degree of the shock insulation device in a fire disaster, and further reduces the possibility of damage to the support.
The upper edge and the lower edge of the cushioning fireproof protective layer can be fixed on the upper building structure and the lower building structure in a bonding, bolting and other modes. Preferably, the bottom periphery of the upper building structure and the top periphery of the lower building structure are all distributed with fixing hooks in a surrounding mode, and the rigid springs close to the upper edge and the lower edge of the shock absorption fireproof protection layer are fixedly hung on the corresponding fixing hooks. The quick setting installation of the shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer is facilitated, and the quick replacement is easy to detach when the shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer is accidentally broken.
Preferably, the shape memory alloy block is made of one of Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloy, magnetic control shape memory alloy and Cu-based memory alloy, and is fixed inside the fireproof ball through steel wires. The shape memory alloy block is fixed inside the fireproof ball through the steel wire, and the fixing structure is stable, simple and convenient to install and operate.
In order to facilitate the installation of the rigid spring, spring connecting holes are distributed at the edge of the circular connecting ring. The end part of the rigid spring can be directly connected to the spring connecting hole, so that the connection between the fireproof balls is facilitated.
Preferably, the plurality of arrays of fire balls are arranged in a plane, and the fire balls of adjacent rows and adjacent columns are staggered. The arrangement can reduce the distance between adjacent fireproof balls, the number of the fireproof balls arranged on the same plane is more, and the energy absorption and fireproof capacity of the cushioning fireproof protection layer can be improved.
Preferably, the rigid spring is made of stainless steel and is coated with a fire-retardant coating on the surface. The rust of rigid spring has been avoided in the use to make rigid spring have fireproof capability, avoid the cushioning fire prevention protective layer to lose the effect of supporting and cushioning after burning loss.
The invention also discloses a fireproof shock insulation method, which comprises the following steps:
A. placing a shock insulation support with a plurality of layers of rubber layers and interlayer steel plates in a space between an upper building structure and a lower building structure, enabling the top end of the shock insulation support to prop against the bottom surface of the upper building structure, and fixing the bottom of the shock insulation support on the upper surface of the lower building structure through bolts;
B. manufacturing fireproof balls, taking a plurality of fireproof balls which are provided with shape memory alloy blocks in a ball shell and are filled with fireproof paint as nodes of a net structure, and connecting adjacent fireproof balls together through rigid springs to form a cushioning fireproof protection layer;
C. fixing hooks are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the bottom of the upper building structure and the periphery of the top of the lower building structure, rigid springs close to the upper edge and the lower edge of the cushioning fireproof protection layer are hung on the corresponding fixing hooks, and fireproof rock wool is filled in a gap between the cushioning fireproof protection layer and the vibration isolation support;
D. when an earthquake occurs, when the vibration isolation support bears vertical load, the transverse deformation of the rubber layer is restrained by the upper interlayer steel plate and the lower interlayer steel plate, so that the vibration isolation support has very high vertical rigidity as a whole; when the shock insulation support bears the load in the horizontal direction, the interlayer steel plate does not influence the normal shearing deformation of the rubber layer under the same rubber material and total thickness conditions, the inherent flexibility of the rubber is maintained, and the horizontal rigidity is not changed; the rigid spring can absorb part of energy, so that the displacement of the shock insulation support under the action of an earthquake is reduced, the damage risk of the shock insulation support is reduced, and the rigid spring can recover to an initial state after the earthquake vibration is stopped, so that the shock insulation support is recovered to a certain extent, the structure can be ensured to be used continuously, and the building is protected for a long time;
E. when a fire disaster occurs during an earthquake, the volume of the shape memory alloy blocks in the fireproof balls is increased along with the increase of the temperature, the fireproof paint is extruded to overflow to the outside of the fireproof balls through the paint overflow holes, gaps between adjacent fireproof balls are filled, on one hand, heat is effectively blocked, combustible substances and oxygen are prevented from entering a space surrounded by the cushioning fireproof protection layer, and three-dimensional fireproof is carried out on the vibration isolation support enclosed in the space; on the other hand, after the gaps between adjacent fireproof balls are filled with the fireproof paint, the whole cushioning fireproof protection layer is also protected, and accidental damage under the action of an earthquake is avoided; the fireproof rock wool protects the shock insulation support in a wrapping mode.
In the fireproof and shock insulation method, the fireproof ball is manufactured in the following manner:
a) Manufacturing ceramic aerogel into a hemispherical shell-shaped ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell, and arranging a plurality of coating overflow holes around the opening of the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell on the surface of the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell;
b) Spring connecting holes are distributed at the edge of the circular connecting ring, and shape memory alloy blocks compressed at low temperature are arranged in the circular connecting ring through fixed steel wires;
c) And bonding an opening of one ceramic aerogel semispherical shell on one side surface of the circular connecting ring, placing fireproof paint in the ceramic aerogel semispherical shell, and bonding an opening of the other ceramic aerogel semispherical shell on the other side surface of the circular connecting ring to obtain the fireproof ball.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The support core has certain yield force and can provide support for the shock insulation support; when the building vibrates, the transverse deformation of the rubber layer is restrained by the interlayer steel plate, so that the whole vibration isolation support has high vertical rigidity; when the shock insulation support bears the load in the horizontal direction, the interlayer steel plate can not influence the normal shearing deformation of the rubber layer under the same rubber material and total thickness conditions, the inherent flexibility of the rubber is maintained, and the horizontal rigidity can not change.
The protective layer of the shock insulation support consists of a hollow fireproof ball and a rigid spring, and the fireproof ball is arranged at the junction of the net. When an earthquake occurs, the rigid spring can absorb part of energy, so that the displacement of the shock insulation support under the action of the earthquake is reduced, and the risk of damage to the shock insulation support is reduced; and the rigid spring can recover the initial state after the earthquake vibration stops, so that the vibration isolation support is helped to recover to a certain extent, the structure can be ensured to be used continuously, and the vibration isolation of a building is protected for a long time.
(2) The fireproof rock wool is wrapped to protect the shock insulation support, so that the aim of fireproof is fulfilled; the fire-proof ball made of the ceramic aerogel semispherical shell with high light weight, heat insulation and chemical stability can be operated under the high temperature condition in the corrosive environment, thereby playing an effective fire-proof role in fire disaster.
(3) The shape memory alloy adopted by the invention is a novel intelligent material with peculiar shape memory effect and super elasticity. Firstly, the shape memory alloy is made into a block shape, and is subjected to plastic deformation and compression to a smaller volume at low temperature, and after being placed in the center of the fireproof ball, the fireproof ball can be filled with sufficient fireproof paint; when a fire disaster occurs during an earthquake, the volume of the shape memory alloy blocks in the fireproof balls is increased along with the increase of the temperature, then the fireproof paint is extruded to overflow to the outside of the fireproof balls through paint overflow holes, a thicker honeycomb carbon layer is generated by components in the fireproof paint through a physicochemical reaction along with the increase of the temperature, gaps between adjacent fireproof balls are filled, on one hand, heat is effectively blocked, combustible substances and oxygen are prevented from entering a space surrounded by the cushioning fireproof protection layers, and three-dimensional fireproof is carried out on the vibration isolation supports surrounded by the fireproof balls; on the other hand, after the gaps between adjacent fireproof balls are filled with the fireproof paint, the fireproof balls and the rigid springs on the whole cushioning fireproof protection layer are protected, the earthquake impact and direct contact combustion are reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of FIG. 1 with the cushioning fire protection layer omitted;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the shock mount of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of a fire ball in a cushioning fire protection layer with a stiff spring of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a fireball in a cushioning fire protection layer of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a shape memory alloy block secured within a circular connecting ring;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a fixed connection of a shock isolation mount to a lower building structure;
in the figure, 1. An upper building structure, 2. A lower building structure, 10. A shock insulation support, 11. A rubber layer, 12. A sandwich steel plate, 13. A support core, 14. A bolt, 20. A shock absorption fireproof protection layer, 21. A fireproof ball, 21-1. A ceramic aerogel semispherical shell, 21-2. A circular connecting ring, 21-2-1. A spring connecting hole, 21-3. A shape memory alloy block, 21-4. A steel wire, 21-5. A coating overflow hole, 22. A rigid spring and 30. Fireproof rock wool.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the figure, the fireproof and shock-insulating device under the earthquake action comprises a shock-insulating support 10 arranged between an upper building structure 1 and a lower building structure 2, wherein the shock-insulating support 10 comprises a rubber layer 11 and an interlayer steel plate 12 which are arranged in a stacked manner at intervals from top to bottom, a supporting core 13 is arranged in the middle of the shock-insulating support 10 in a penetrating manner from top to bottom, a buffering and fireproof protection layer 20 is arranged on the periphery of the shock-insulating support 10 in a surrounding manner, the buffering and fireproof protection layer 20 is of a net structure, the buffering and fireproof protection layer 20 comprises a plurality of fireproof balls 21 serving as net structure nodes, and the adjacent fireproof balls 21 are connected through rigid springs 22; the fireproof ball 21 comprises a ball shell and a shape memory alloy block 21-3 arranged in the center of the ball shell, fireproof paint is filled around the shape memory alloy block 21-3 in the ball shell, and a plurality of paint overflow holes 21-5 are distributed on the surface of the fireproof ball 21; the upper edge of the shock absorption fireproof protection layer 20 is fixed on the upper building structure 1, the lower edge of the shock absorption fireproof protection layer 20 is fixed on the lower building structure 2, and a gap between the shock absorption fireproof protection layer 20 and the shock insulation support 10 is filled with fireproof rock wool 30.
The fireball 21 may be composed of tantalum hafnium carbide alloy, graphite, foam metal, zirconium diboride, titanium diboride, silicon carbide, and other novel materials having fire protection capabilities. Preferably, the spherical shell of the fireproof ball 21 comprises two ceramic aerogel hemispherical shells 21-1, the openings of the two ceramic aerogel hemispherical shells 21-1 are opposite and are respectively bonded on the two side surfaces of a circular connecting ring 21-2, the cavity surrounded by the two ceramic aerogel hemispherical shells 21-1 is filled with fireproof paint around the shape memory alloy block 21-3, and the paint overflow holes 21-5 are distributed on the surface of the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell 21-1 around the opening of the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell 21-1. The aerogel is composed of air or free space and ceramic, metal, particles, powder or carbon solid medium, wherein the proportion of air or free space is more than 99%, so the aerogel can be very light, and the ceramic aerogel has more excellent properties such as light weight, excellent heat insulation and chemical stability, can be operated under the high temperature condition in corrosive environment, thus playing an effective fire-proof role in fire disaster, and therefore, the ceramic aerogel is adopted as the spherical shell material of the fire-proof ball 21. For the convenient preparation fire-proof ball 21, simultaneously convenient change, this pellet is in the same place with gluing through circular go-between 21-2 by two hemisphere shells, and when the fire-proof ball 21 damaged needs to be changed because of the mishandling in the use, split fire-proof ball 21 into two hemispheres, the part of damage directly change for new can to make the installation or the change of pellet more convenient.
Preferably, the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell 21-1 is made of three-dimensional hBN ceramic aerogel. The three-dimensional hBN ceramic aerogel has excellent fireproof capability, negative thermal expansion coefficient and negative Poisson ratio, has the characteristics of ultra-light and super heat insulation, has high mechanical strength, can improve the overall support degree of the shock insulation device in a fire disaster, and further reduces the possibility of damage to the support.
The upper and lower edges of the cushioning fire protection layer 20 may be fixed to the upper and lower building structures 1 and 2 by bonding, bolting, or the like. Preferably, the bottom periphery of the upper building structure 1 and the top periphery of the lower building structure 2 are all circumferentially provided with fixing hooks, and rigid springs 22 of the cushioning fireproof protection layer 20 near the upper edge and the lower edge are fixedly hung on the corresponding fixing hooks. Such a setup facilitates quick installation of the cushioning fire protection layer 20, and also facilitates quick replacement by being removed when accidental breakage of the cushioning fire protection layer 20 occurs.
Preferably, the shape memory alloy block 21-3 is made of one of ni—ti based shape memory alloy, magnetic control shape memory alloy, and Cu based memory alloy, and the shape memory alloy block 21-3 is fixed inside the fire-proof ball 21 by steel wires 21-4. The shape memory alloy block 21-3 is fixed inside the fireproof ball 21 through the steel wire 21-4, and the fixing structure is stable, simple and convenient to install and operate.
To facilitate the installation of the rigid spring 22, the edge of the circular connecting ring 21-2 is provided with spring connecting holes 21-2-1. The end of the stiff spring 22 can be directly connected to the spring connection hole 21-2-1, facilitating the connection between the fire ball 21 and the fire ball 21.
Preferably, the plurality of fire-protecting balls 21 are arranged in an array on a plane, and the fire-protecting balls 21 of adjacent rows and adjacent columns are arranged in a staggered manner. Such an arrangement can reduce the distance between adjacent fire-protecting balls 21, and the fire-protecting balls 21 arranged on the same plane can be increased in number, and the energy absorbing and fire-protecting ability of the cushioning fire-protecting layer 20 can be improved.
Preferably, the stiff spring 22 is made of stainless steel and is surface coated with a fire retardant coating. The rust of the rigid spring 22 is avoided in the use process, the rigid spring 22 has fireproof capability, and the loss of the supporting and cushioning effects of the cushioning fireproof protection layer 20 after burning loss is avoided.
Preferably, the supporting core 13 is a tin core. The tin core has high yield force, provides better rigid support for the shock insulation support 10 and is more environment-friendly.
In the invention, the rubber layer 11 and the interlayer steel plate 12 in the shock insulation support 10 are manufactured through high-temperature compression vulcanization bonding, and have higher strength. The rubber layer 11 is added with a vulcanizing agent, a filler (reinforcing, non-reinforcing), an anti-aging agent, a softener, and the like in addition to natural rubber.
The upper building structure 1 and the lower building structure 2 are general concrete columns or concrete beams. When the shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer 20 is manufactured, the radius of the fireproof ball 21 and the length of the rigid spring 22 are determined according to the size of the shock-absorbing support and the convenience for workers to install; on the basis, the radius of the fireproof ball 21 is as large as possible, the length of the rigid spring 22 is as small as possible, the shorter rigid spring 22 can ensure the support degree of the rigid spring 22 on one hand, and on the other hand, the gap between the fireproof balls 21 can not be completely filled after the fireproof paint flows out when the paint overflow holes 21-5 on the fireproof ball 21 are too large, so that the normal implementation of the fireproof function is ensured.
The fireproof shock insulation method comprises the following steps:
A. placing a shock insulation support 10 having a plurality of rubber layers 11 and interlayer steel plates 12 in a space between the upper building structure 1 and the lower building structure 2, so that the top end of the shock insulation support 10 abuts against the bottom surface of the upper building structure 1, and the bottom of the shock insulation support 10 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower building structure 2 by bolts 14;
B. manufacturing fire-proof balls 21, taking a plurality of fire-proof balls 21 with shape memory alloy blocks 21-3 arranged in a ball shell and filled with fire-proof paint as nodes of a net structure, and connecting adjacent fire-proof balls 21 together through rigid springs 22 to form a cushioning fire-proof protection layer 20;
C. fixing hooks are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the bottom of the upper building structure 1 and the periphery of the top of the lower building structure 2, rigid springs 22 close to the upper edge and the lower edge of the cushioning fireproof protection layer 20 are hung on the corresponding fixing hooks, and fireproof rock wool 30 is filled in a gap between the cushioning fireproof protection layer 20 and the shock insulation support 10;
D. when an earthquake occurs, when the shock insulation support 10 bears vertical load, the transverse deformation of the rubber layer 11 is restrained by the upper interlayer steel plate 12 and the lower interlayer steel plate 12, so that the shock insulation support 10 has great vertical rigidity as a whole; when the shock insulation support 10 bears the load in the horizontal direction, the interlayer steel plate 12 does not influence the normal shearing deformation of the rubber layer 11 under the same rubber material and total thickness conditions, the inherent flexibility of the rubber is maintained, and the horizontal rigidity is not changed; the rigid springs 22 can absorb part of energy, so that the displacement of the shock insulation support 10 under the action of an earthquake is reduced, the damage risk of the shock insulation support 10 is reduced, and the rigid springs 22 can restore to an initial state after the earthquake vibration is stopped, so that the shock insulation support 10 can be restored to a certain extent, the structure can be ensured to be used continuously, and the building is protected permanently;
E. when a fire disaster occurs during an earthquake, the volume of the shape memory alloy blocks 21-3 in the fireproof balls 21 is increased along with the increase of the temperature, and the fireproof paint is extruded to overflow to the outside of the fireproof balls 21 through the paint overflow holes 21-5, so that gaps between adjacent fireproof balls 21 are filled, on one hand, heat is effectively blocked, combustible substances and oxygen are prevented from entering a space surrounded by the cushioning fireproof protection layer 20, and three-dimensional fireproof is carried out on the vibration isolation support 10 surrounded by the space; on the other hand, after the fireproof paint fills the gaps between the adjacent fireproof balls 21, the whole cushioning fireproof protection layer 20 is also protected, so that accidental damage under the action of an earthquake is avoided; the fireproof rock wool 30 protects the shock insulation support 10 by wrapping.
The fireproof ball 21 may be manufactured as follows:
a) The ceramic aerogel is manufactured into a hemispherical shell-shaped ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell 21-1, and a plurality of coating overflow holes 21-5 are distributed on the surface of the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell 21-1 around the opening of the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell 21-1;
b) Spring connecting holes 21-2-1 are distributed on the edge of the circular connecting ring 21-2, and a shape memory alloy block 21-3 manufactured at low temperature is arranged in the circular connecting ring 21-2 through a fixed steel wire 21-4;
c) The opening of one ceramic aerogel semispherical shell 21-1 is adhered to one side surface of the circular connecting ring 21-2, fireproof paint is placed in the ceramic aerogel semispherical shell 21-1, and the opening of the other ceramic aerogel semispherical shell 21-1 is adhered to the other side surface of the circular connecting ring 21-2, so that the fireproof ball 21 is manufactured.
Claims (10)
1. The fireproof and shock-insulating support device under the earthquake action comprises a shock-insulating support (10) arranged between an upper building structure (1) and a lower building structure (2), and is characterized in that the shock-insulating support (10) comprises a rubber layer (11) and an interlayer steel plate (12) which are arranged in a stacked mode at intervals, a supporting core (13) is arranged in the middle of the shock-insulating support (10) in a penetrating mode from top to bottom, a shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer (20) is arranged on the periphery of the shock-insulating support (10) in a surrounding mode, the shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer (20) is of a net-shaped structure, the shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer comprises a plurality of fireproof balls (21) serving as net-shaped structure nodes, and the adjacent fireproof balls (21) are connected through rigid springs (22); the fireproof ball (21) comprises a ball shell and a shape memory alloy block (21-3) arranged in the center of the ball shell, fireproof paint is filled around the shape memory alloy block (21-3) in the ball shell, and a plurality of paint overflow holes (21-5) are distributed on the surface of the fireproof ball (21); the upper edge of the shock absorption fireproof protection layer (20) is fixed on the upper building structure (1), the lower edge of the shock absorption fireproof protection layer (20) is fixed on the lower building structure (2), and fireproof rock wool (30) is filled in a gap between the shock absorption fireproof protection layer (20) and the shock insulation support (10).
2. The fireproof and shock-insulating support device under the action of an earthquake according to claim 1, wherein the spherical shell of the fireproof ball (21) comprises two ceramic aerogel semispherical shells (21-1), openings of the two ceramic aerogel semispherical shells (21-1) are opposite and are respectively adhered to two side surfaces of a circular connecting ring (21-2), fireproof paint is filled around the shape memory alloy block (21-3) in a cavity surrounded by the two ceramic aerogel semispherical shells (21-1), and paint overflow holes (21-5) are distributed on the surface of the ceramic aerogel semispherical shells (21-1) around the openings of the ceramic aerogel semispherical shells (21-1).
3. The fireproof and shock-insulating support device under the action of an earthquake according to claim 2, wherein the ceramic aerogel semispherical shell (21-1) is made of three-dimensional hBN ceramic aerogel.
4. The fireproof and shock-insulating support device under the action of an earthquake according to claim 1, wherein the bottom periphery of the upper building structure (1) and the top periphery of the lower building structure (2) are all circumferentially provided with fixed hooks, and rigid springs (22) close to the upper edge and the lower edge of the shock-absorbing fireproof protection layer (20) are hung on the fixed hooks at corresponding positions.
5. The fireproof and shock-proof support device under the action of earthquake according to claim 1, wherein the shape memory alloy block (21-3) is made of one of Ni-Ti based shape memory alloy, magnetic control shape memory alloy and Cu based memory alloy, and the shape memory alloy block (21-3) is fixed inside the fireproof ball (21) through a steel wire (21-4).
6. A fire-proof and shock-proof support device under earthquake action according to claim 2, characterized in that the edge of the circular connecting ring (21-2) is provided with spring connecting holes (21-2-1), and the end of the rigid spring (22) is connected to the spring connecting holes (21-2-1).
7. A fire and shock insulation support arrangement under the action of an earthquake according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrays of fire balls (21) are arranged in a plane, and that the fire balls (21) of adjacent rows and columns are arranged in a staggered manner.
8. A fire-resistant and shock-insulating support device under the action of an earthquake according to claim 1, characterized in that said rigid springs (22) are made of stainless steel and are surface-coated with fire-resistant paint.
9. The fireproof shock insulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. placing a shock insulation support (10) with a plurality of layers of rubber layers (11) and interlayer steel plates (12) in a space between an upper building structure (1) and a lower building structure (2), enabling the top end of the shock insulation support (10) to prop against the bottom surface of the upper building structure (1), and fixing the bottom of the shock insulation support (10) on the upper surface of the lower building structure (2) through bolts (14);
B. manufacturing fireproof balls (21), taking a plurality of fireproof balls (21) which are provided with shape memory alloy blocks (21-3) in a spherical shell and are filled with fireproof paint as nodes of a net structure, and connecting adjacent fireproof balls (21) together through rigid springs (22) to form a cushioning fireproof protection layer (20);
C. fixing hooks are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the bottom of the upper building structure (1) and the periphery of the top of the lower building structure (2), rigid springs (22) close to the upper edge and the lower edge of the cushioning fireproof protection layer (20) are hung on the corresponding fixing hooks, and fireproof rock wool (30) is filled in a gap between the cushioning fireproof protection layer (20) and the vibration isolation support (10);
D. when an earthquake occurs, when the shock insulation support (10) bears vertical load, the transverse deformation of the rubber layer (11) is restrained by the upper interlayer steel plate (12) and the lower interlayer steel plate (12), so that the shock insulation support (10) has large vertical rigidity as a whole; when the shock insulation support (10) bears the load in the horizontal direction, the interlayer steel plate (12) does not influence the normal shearing deformation of the rubber layer (11) under the same rubber material and total thickness conditions, the inherent flexibility of the rubber is maintained, and the horizontal rigidity is not changed; the rigid spring (22) can absorb part of energy, so that the displacement of the shock insulation support (10) under the action of an earthquake is reduced, the damage risk of the shock insulation support (10) is reduced, and the rigid spring (22) can recover to an initial state after the earthquake vibration is stopped, so that the shock insulation support (10) can be recovered to a certain extent, the structure can be ensured to be used continuously, and the building is protected for a long time;
E. when a fire disaster occurs during an earthquake, the volume of the shape memory alloy blocks (21-3) in the fireproof balls (21) is increased along with the increase of the temperature, the fireproof paint is extruded to overflow to the outside of the fireproof balls (21) through the paint overflow holes (21-5), gaps between adjacent fireproof balls (21) are filled, on one hand, heat is effectively blocked, combustible substances and oxygen are prevented from entering a space surrounded by the cushioning fireproof protection layer (20), and three-dimensional fireproof is carried out on the vibration isolation support (10) surrounded by the fire protection layer; on the other hand, after the fireproof paint fills gaps between adjacent fireproof balls (21), the whole cushioning fireproof protection layer (20) is also protected, and accidental damage under the action of earthquake is avoided; the fireproof rock wool (30) protects the shock insulation support (10) in a wrapping mode.
10. The fire protection and shock insulation method according to claim 9, characterized in that the fire protection ball (21) is made in the following way:
a) The method comprises the steps of manufacturing ceramic aerogel into a hemispherical shell-shaped ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell (21-1), and arranging a plurality of coating overflow holes (21-5) around the opening of the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell (21-1) on the surface of the ceramic aerogel hemispherical shell (21-1);
b) Spring connecting holes (21-2-1) are distributed on the edge of the circular connecting ring (21-2), and shape memory alloy blocks (21-3) compressed at low temperature are arranged in the circular connecting ring (21-2) through fixed steel wires (21-4);
c) And bonding the opening of one ceramic aerogel semispherical shell (21-1) on one side surface of the circular connecting ring (21-2), placing fireproof paint in the ceramic aerogel semispherical shell (21-1), and bonding the opening of the other ceramic aerogel semispherical shell (21-1) on the other side surface of the circular connecting ring (21-2) to obtain the fireproof ball (21).
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| CN111058547A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-04-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Steel construction building fire prevention antidetonation support |
| CN115387488B (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2023-06-23 | 福建工程学院 | Novel combined shock insulation and absorption structure of high-rise building and shock absorption method thereof |
| CN117966923B (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-06-07 | 正民建设集团有限公司 | Building structure design shock insulation fire prevention device |
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