CN109811339B - Ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding device and working method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding device and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109811339B CN109811339B CN201910278438.9A CN201910278438A CN109811339B CN 109811339 B CN109811339 B CN 109811339B CN 201910278438 A CN201910278438 A CN 201910278438A CN 109811339 B CN109811339 B CN 109811339B
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethynol Chemical group OC#C QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- General Induction Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The patent relates to an ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding device and a working method thereof, in particular to a device for surface treatment and reinforcement of a workpiece. It comprises the following steps: horizontal lathe, PLC controller, carriage apron, triangle chuck, power supply controller, smoke abatement system, inductive power supply, infrared thermoscope, industry water cooling circulation system, guide rail, ball, nozzle, thimble, induction coil, amplitude transformer, support, supersonic generator. By adding ultrasonic auxiliary equipment in the high-frequency induction cladding process, the quality of the bonding layer is improved to the greatest extent, the generation of bubbles and cracks is reduced, the residual stress is eliminated, the comprehensive performance of the cladding layer is improved, the service life of a workpiece is prolonged, the production efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of surface engineering, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding device and a working method thereof.
Background
In actual industrial production, a part of workpieces are in environments of alternating load, high stress and strong corrosion, and various failure modes are easy to generate on the surfaces of the workpieces due to long-term working under severe working conditions, so that the actual service life of the workpieces is greatly shortened. Since the workpiece surface tends to be in direct contact with the adverse factors, the overall failure of the workpiece is essentially from the surface.
The cladding coating technology is a common metal material surface treatment technology, can greatly improve the surface performance of a workpiece, has the advantages of high production efficiency, low production cost, capability of obtaining a large-area cladding layer and the like, and has wide application in industrial production. The preparation technology of the cladding coating mainly comprises laser cladding, argon arc cladding, plasma cladding and high-frequency induction cladding. Compared with other cladding coating technologies, the high-frequency induction cladding technology has lower application cost and wide application value.
The induction cladding technology is used as a high-efficiency and rapid surface strengthening technology, and generates strong vortex on the surface of the metal part based on the alternating theory of electromagnetic fields, so that a large amount of heat is generated near the surface layer part. The induction cladding technique has the following advantages over other cladding methods: the coating and the matrix are subjected to element diffusion to form metallurgical bonding, the coating is not easy to fall off, and the coating is recrystallized after being melted, so that a high-quality corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant structure can be formed; the molding efficiency is high, compared with laser cladding and oxyacetylene spray welding, the speed of induction cladding can reach several times, even more than ten times, and especially for cylindrical parts, batch and automatic production is easy to realize; the thickness of the cladding coating is large; the cost of cladding is low, and the equipment required by induction cladding is much lower in price than laser cladding and plasma cladding. Based on this, in recent years, expert students in various countries have made a great deal of study on high-frequency induction cladding, but the cladding layer still has some drawbacks such as: the cladding layer is not fully combined, the surface quality is poor, bubbles and cracks appear on the cladding layer, and residual stress exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a device for ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding and a working method thereof, which can improve the quality of a bonding layer to the greatest extent, reduce the generation of bubbles and cracks, eliminate residual stress, improve the service performance of a cladding layer and prolong the service life of a workpiece, and adopts the following technical scheme:
an ultrasonic vibration assisted high frequency induction cladding apparatus comprising: horizontal lathe, PLC controller, carriage apron, triangle chuck, power supply controller, smoke abatement system, inductive power supply, infrared thermoscope, industry water cooling circulation system, guide rail, ball, nozzle, thimble, induction coil, amplitude transformer, support, supersonic generator. The PLC controller with power supply controller, infrared thermometer link to each other, the carriage apron incasement has the motor and the output shaft of motor links to each other with triangle chuck, power supply controller is connected with induction power, smoke abatement system's pipeline is fixed on the roof, induction power is connected with induction coil, infrared thermometer acts on the inside work piece of induction coil, industrial water circulation system links to each other with induction coil, the guide rail is fixed on the platform of horizontal lathe, ball screw fixes on the platform of horizontal lathe and links to each other with the carriage apron case, the nozzle passes through the tubule and links to each other with the argon gas jar, the thimble links to each other with guide rail, ball screw, the amplitude transformer passes through the support to be fixed and links to each other with supersonic generator.
An ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding device and a working method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) Pretreating a workpiece, bonding cladding powder to the workpiece through an adhesive, and fixing the workpiece bonded with the cladding powder to a triangular chuck of a horizontal machine tool;
(2) Starting a water circulation system and a smoke removal system;
(3) The PLC controller is used for controlling a motor in the slide carriage box to drive a ball screw in the horizontal machine tool to realize left and right movement of a workpiece, adjusting the workpiece to a proper position, and controlling the rotating speed of the motor by the PLC control system so that the triangular chuck drives the workpiece to rotate at a certain speed;
(4) Adjusting a temperature measuring head of the infrared thermometer, a nozzle of the gas protection device and an ultrasonic transmitter to be aligned with a workpiece;
(5) Opening a gas protection device to enable argon to be sprayed onto a workpiece in the induction coil through a nozzle at a certain speed;
(6) Starting an induction coil to heat a workpiece, starting an infrared thermometer to monitor the temperature in the cladding process in real time, and feeding the temperature back into a PLC controller so as to control the temperature in the cladding process;
(7) Starting an ultrasonic generator when the heating time of the workpiece is 5-10 s;
(8) After cladding is finished, turning off the ultrasonic generator, the induction power supply and the infrared thermometer, and taking out the workpiece for heat treatment;
(9) Closing the gas protection device to stop the injection of the argon;
(10) And closing the smoke removing system and the water circulating system.
Particularly, in the heating process of starting the induction coil, a motor is controlled by a PLC numerical control system to enable the workpiece to rotate at a certain speed (the specific speed value is obtained according to the fluidity of a molten pool in an ultrasonic auxiliary state and the diameter of the workpiece), so that the phenomenon that the thickness of upper and lower cladding layers of the workpiece is uneven due to downward flow of cladding metal due to gravity in the cladding process is avoided.
Particularly, the gas protection device is started before induction heating, argon is introduced first, the workpiece is in an argon environment before heating, and then the spraying of the argon is stopped after the workpiece is completely cooled, so that the cladding layer and the cladding layer influence areas (the cladding layer two side areas) can be well prevented from being oxidized.
The invention has the following advantages:
by adding ultrasonic auxiliary equipment in the high-frequency induction cladding process, the temperature of a molten pool (the surface of a workpiece and cladding materials are melted into the molten pool during induction heating) is homogenized, the tensile stress which is easy to generate in the cladding cooling process is reduced, and the workpiece cannot generate excessive residual stress after the cladding process is completed, so that the crack sensitivity of the workpiece is reduced; because part of bubbles cannot escape in time after the molten pool is condensed in the cladding process, the cladding layer of the workpiece generates air holes, and the escape of the bubbles in the molten pool can be accelerated by utilizing ultrasonic waves, so that the compactness of the material is improved; the ultrasonic waves can break long dendrites and inhibit the growth of columnar crystals, so that the isotropy of the crystal grains is improved and the crystal grains are refined.
Drawings
Fig. 1: overall schematic of this patent
Symbol description
1. 2.PLC controller, carriage 4, triangle chuck 5, power supply controller 6, smoke removing system 7, induction power supply 8, infrared thermometer 9, industrial water cooling circulation system 10, guide rail 11, ball screw 12, nozzle 13, thimble 14, induction coil 15, amplitude transformer 16, bracket 17, ultrasonic generator
Detailed Description
This patent is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the present patent is an ultrasonic vibration assisted high frequency induction cladding apparatus and method, comprising: 1. the horizontal machine tool comprises a horizontal machine tool body 2, a PLC controller 3, a slide carriage 4, a triangular chuck 5, a power supply controller 6, a smoke removing system 7, an induction power supply 8, an infrared thermometer 9, an industrial water cooling circulation system 10, a guide rail 11, a ball screw 12, a nozzle 13, a thimble 14, an induction coil 15, a amplitude transformer 16, a bracket 17 and an ultrasonic generator. The PLC 2 with power controller 5, infrared thermometer 8 link to each other, there is the motor in the carriage 3 and the output shaft of motor links to each other with triangle chuck 4, power controller 5 is connected with induction power 7, the pipeline of smoke abatement system 6 is fixed on the roof, induction power 7 is connected with induction coil 14, infrared thermometer 8 acts on the inside work piece of induction coil 14, industrial water circulation system 9 links to each other with induction coil 14, guide rail 10 is fixed on the platform of horizontal lathe 1, ball screw 11 is fixed on the platform of horizontal lathe 1 and links to each other with carriage 3, nozzle 12 links to each other with the argon gas jar through the tubule, thimble 13 links to each other with guide rail 10, ball screw 11, horn 15 is fixed and is connected with supersonic generator 17 through support 16.
The specific method of ultrasonic vibration assisted high frequency induction cladding and the selection of main process parameters will be described below with reference to fig. 1, taking 45 steel as a substrate and Ni60 as a cladding material. Wherein, the base material is 45 steel, and the size is: phi 20mm x 200mm; induction frequency: 50KHz; induction power: maximum output power 118KW; the model of the water cooling circulation system is FSL-150RS, and the working flow is 10m 3 And/h, working water pressure is 0.2MPa, and specific implementation examples are as follows:
(1) And (5) preparing a coating. Firstly, grinding 45 on a grinding wheel to remove rust and other impurities, selecting 34% sodium silicate solution as an adhesive, uniformly stirring the sodium silicate solution and Ni60 powder according to the weight ratio of 3:100, uniformly coating the material on the surface of a substrate, wherein the thickness of the coating is 3mm, and then drying in an oven.
(2) And fixing the workpiece. And sleeving the dried workpiece on a fixture, adjusting the slide carriage box to a proper position through a PLC, fixing the workpiece on the triangular chuck, and moving the thimble through the PLC to fix the workpiece.
(3) The water circulation system and the smoke removal system are started.
(4) The rotating speed of the motor is controlled by the PLC control system, so that the triangular chuck drives the workpiece to rotate at the speed of 20 r/min.
(5) Setting the heating temperature to 1600 ℃, heating for 14s, and adjusting and starting the infrared thermometer.
(6) The switch of the argon tank is turned on, so that the workpiece is in an anaerobic environment as much as possible, and adverse effects caused by oxidization are reduced.
(7) And starting the induction coil to heat the workpiece.
(8) When the heating end time of the workpiece is 5s, starting the ultrasonic generator, and enabling the ultrasonic action time to be 8s.
(9) And stopping the rotation of the triangular chuck through the PLC controller, and ending the cladding.
(9) And after cladding is finished, turning off the ultrasonic generator, the induction power supply and the infrared thermometer, rapidly taking out the workpiece, and putting the workpiece into heat treatment oil for cooling.
(10) The gas shield was turned off to stop the injection of argon.
(11) The smoke removal system was turned off until no smoke was visible and the water circulation system was turned off after heating the workpiece for 10 minutes.
The above-described embodiments are only for illustrating the present application, and not for limiting the present application, and variations, additions and deletions of the above-described embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present application as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the technology and method of the present application.
Claims (1)
1. The working method of ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding is characterized in that the device of ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding used by the working method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a horizontal machine tool, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a slide carriage box, a triangular chuck, a power supply controller, a smoke removal system, an induction power supply, an infrared thermometer, an industrial water cooling circulation system, a guide rail, a ball screw, a nozzle, a thimble, an induction coil, an amplitude transformer, a bracket and an ultrasonic generator; the PLC is connected with the power supply controller and the infrared thermometer, a motor is arranged in the slide carriage box, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the triangular chuck, the power supply controller is connected with an induction power supply, a pipeline of the smoke removal system is fixed on a roof, the induction power supply is connected with an induction coil, the infrared thermometer acts on a workpiece inside the induction coil, the industrial water cooling circulation system is connected with the induction coil, a guide rail is fixed on a platform of a horizontal machine tool, a ball screw is fixed on the platform of the horizontal machine tool and connected with the slide carriage box, a nozzle is connected with an argon tank through a thin pipe, a thimble is connected with the guide rail and the ball screw, and the amplitude transformer is fixed through a bracket and connected with an ultrasonic generator; the working method comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreating a workpiece, bonding cladding powder to the workpiece through an adhesive, and fixing the workpiece bonded with the cladding powder to a triangular chuck of a horizontal machine tool;
(2) Starting a water circulation system and a smoke removal system;
(3) The PLC controller is used for controlling a motor in the slide carriage box to drive a ball screw in the horizontal machine tool to realize left and right movement of a workpiece, adjusting the workpiece to a proper position, and controlling the rotating speed of the motor by the PLC control system so that the triangular chuck drives the workpiece to rotate at a certain speed;
(4) Adjusting a temperature measuring head of the infrared thermometer, a nozzle of the gas protection device and an ultrasonic transmitter to be aligned with a workpiece;
(5) Opening a gas protection device to enable argon to be sprayed onto a workpiece in the induction coil through a nozzle at a certain speed;
(6) Starting an induction coil to heat a workpiece, starting an infrared thermometer to monitor the temperature in the cladding process in real time, and feeding the temperature back into a PLC controller so as to control the temperature in the cladding process;
(7) Starting the ultrasonic generator when the workpiece is still 5-10 s away from the end of heating;
(8) After cladding is finished, turning off the ultrasonic generator, the induction power supply and the infrared thermometer, and taking out the workpiece for heat treatment;
(9) Closing the gas protection device to stop the injection of the argon;
(10) And closing the smoke removing system and the water circulating system.
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| CN201910278438.9A CN109811339B (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | Ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding device and working method |
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| CN201910278438.9A CN109811339B (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | Ultrasonic vibration assisted high-frequency induction cladding device and working method |
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| CN110158010B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2023-08-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Shaft part preparation method based on thermal spraying and induction cladding technology |
| CN110421167B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-09-24 | 大连理工大学 | Method for depositing metal material by direct laser assisted by inductive ultrasonic coupling |
| CN111088486A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-01 | 天津牧耘科技有限公司 | Agricultural machinery loquat tooth alloy cladding system |
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| CN111575701B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2022-08-23 | 广西机械工业研究院有限责任公司 | Production line for laser cladding of drill bit |
| CN112064017A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Ultrasonic and micro-rolling assisted induction cladding device and method |
| CN112725789A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-04-30 | 浙江大学 | Device for reducing micro-pores of laser cladding coating and application thereof |
| CN114184634B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2024-02-02 | 贵州师范大学 | Temperature deformation method and device under controllable medium |
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